Rotary self-centering chuck

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary self-centering chuck, and belongs to the field of machining equipment. The device comprises a fixed disc, a rotating disc, clamping jaws and a rotating driving mechanism, each clamping jaw comprises a connecting rod and a contact piece, one end of each connecting rod is hinged to the fixing disc, and the other end of each connecting rod is connected with the contact piece. The rotating disc is rotationally installed on the fixed disc, and a clamping jaw moving groove is formed in the side face of the rotating disc. The connecting rod penetrates through the clamping jaw moving groove, and the middle of the connecting rod is hinged to the wall face of the clamping jaw moving groove in a sliding mode. And the rotary driving mechanism controls the rotary disc to rotate on the fixed disc along the center of the rotary disc. According to the self-centering chuck, the structure of a traditional self-centering chuck is improved, the centering precision of the self-centering chuck is improved, the self-centering chuck can be suitable for different numbers of clamping jaws, the equipment structure is not complex, and the machining and maintenance cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, and more specifically relates to a rotating self-centering chuck. Background Art

[0002] When machining mechanical parts, a clamping device is usually required to clamp and fix the workpiece. In order to ensure that the center of the workpiece is on the rotation center, the three jaws of the chuck need to be moved forward and backward together through pneumatic or other means according to the three-point centering principle.

[0003] Existing self-centering chucks generally include two types: self-centering three-jaw chucks and self-centering four-jaw chucks. The jaws of these two types of self-centering chucks are both arranged on a complete disc and can move equidistantly relative to the center of the chuck. However, the jaws of traditional self-centering chucks are generally driven and controlled individually by devices such as cylinders or motors. This driving method often makes it difficult to ensure that multiple jaws move forward and backward in complete synchronization, thereby affecting the centering effect of the chuck on the workpiece. In response to this problem, the prior art has also designed some improved self-centering chucks.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent application number is CN200810018524.8, and the patent document with the publication date of July 23, 2008 discloses a self-centering chuck, including a chuck body, the chuck body has a jaw mechanism for clamping a workpiece, an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the state of the jaw mechanism, and a self-centering mechanism for controlling the equidistant movement of each jaw of the jaw mechanism relative to the center of the chuck, and the top of the chuck body is provided with an opening for facilitating the placement and removal of the workpiece, and the opening runs through the thickness of the chuck body.

[0005] In this scheme, the synchronous movement of multiple jaws is achieved through a self-centering mechanism. However, the self-centering mechanism is implemented by the principle of an equal-arm lever. On the one hand, this method is only applicable to jaws that move vertically through the slide block. On the other hand, since the movement of a jaw is controlled to drive the movement of a jaw close to it, it is only applicable to three-jaw chucks. Once used for chucks with four or more jaws, it is often difficult to ensure the synchronous movement of multiple jaws. In addition, the structure of the self-centering mechanism is relatively complex, and the required installation precision is high. In actual installation work, it is easy to have the problem that the centering precision cannot reach the ideal goal.

[0006] Another example is the Chinese patent application number: CN201721077637.6, the publication date: May 8, 2018, which discloses a three-finger self-centering device, including an annular fixed disk, three slots evenly spaced on the upper surface of the fixed disk, and adjustment blocks are respectively clamped in the slots, and an annular turbine chuck is provided on the fixed disk, and the radial length of the adjustment block along the fixed disk is greater than the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the turbine chuck, the lower surface of the turbine chuck protrudes with a vortex tooth, and the upper surface of the adjustment block has an adjustment tooth meshing with the vortex tooth of the turbine chuck.

[0007] In this scheme, the vortex teeth on the lower surface of the turbine chuck and the adjusting teeth meshing with the vortex teeth can be used to rotate the turbine chuck to drive multiple jaws to move synchronously. However, this structure of a single vortex tooth in conjunction with multiple adjusting teeth to achieve synchronous linear motion of multiple jaws requires extremely high processing accuracy, resulting in higher equipment processing costs. In actual use, as long as the vortex teeth are deformed, the jaws will be blocked and unable to move, and the slightly deformed vortex teeth are difficult to repair and often need to be replaced as a whole, resulting in higher equipment maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0008] 1. Problems to be solved

[0009] In view of the problem that existing self-centering chucks are difficult to achieve centering accuracy, applicability and equipment cost at the same time, the utility model provides a rotating self-centering chuck. By improving the structure of the traditional self-centering chuck, the centering accuracy of the self-centering chuck is improved, and it can be suitable for different numbers of jaws. The equipment structure is not complicated and the processing and maintenance costs are low.

[0010] 2. Technical solution

[0011] To solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0012] A rotary self-centering chuck comprises a fixed disc, a rotating disc, a clamping claw and a rotary drive mechanism;

[0013] The claws are provided in multiple forms, including a connecting rod and a contact piece, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the fixing plate, and the other end is connected to the contact piece;

[0014] The rotating disk is rotatably mounted on the fixed disk, and a claw movable groove is provided on the side of the rotating disk; the connecting rod passes through the claw movable groove, and the middle part of the connecting rod is slidably hinged with the wall surface of the claw movable groove;

[0015] The rotary drive mechanism controls the rotating disk to rotate on the fixed disk along the center of the rotating disk.

[0016] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the contact member is a roller rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting rod.

[0017] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the contact member is a fixed wheel fixedly installed on the end of the connecting rod.

[0018] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the position where the contact piece contacts the workpiece has a groove matching the shape of the workpiece.

[0019] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the rotary drive mechanism includes a cylinder; a bracket is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating disk, one end of the cylinder is hinged to the fixing part outside the rotating disk, and the other end is hinged to the bracket.

[0020] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a guide seat is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, and the guide seat has a guide hole for the piston rod of the cylinder to pass through.

[0021] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a connecting sleeve is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the connecting sleeve is hinged to the wall surface of the movable groove of the claw.

[0022] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a limit block for limiting the rotation range of the connecting rod is installed in the movable groove of the claw.

[0023] As a further improvement of the technical solution, the fixed plate is fixedly mounted on the base.

[0024] As a further improvement of the technical solution, a support is fixedly mounted on the base, the support has a supporting groove matching the shape of the fixed disk, and the fixed disk is matched and mounted on the support.

[0025] 3. Beneficial effects

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0027] (1) The utility model discloses a rotating self-centering chuck. When the rotating disk rotates, the hinge point between the connecting rod and the movable groove of the clamping claw moves accordingly, driving the connecting rod to rotate along the hinge point between the connecting rod and the fixed disk to adjust the position of the contact member. Since multiple clamping claws are installed on the same rotating disk, it is only necessary to control the rotation of the rotating disk to simultaneously control the synchronous movement of multiple clamping claws, thereby improving the centering accuracy of the chuck. The chuck has a simple structure and is easy to maintain, thereby reducing the processing and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0028] (2) The utility model provides a rotating self-centering chuck. When the workpiece does not need to be completely fixed, the contact member is set as a roller or a fixed wheel structure to reduce the wear of the workpiece caused by centering the workpiece. At the same time, the workpiece can be directly rotated in the chuck after centering to cooperate with subsequent processing and installation work, which is more convenient to use;

[0029] (3) The utility model provides a rotating self-centering chuck. When the workpiece needs to be completely fixed, the position where the contact piece contacts the workpiece is set to a slot that matches the shape of the workpiece, thereby increasing the contact area between the contact piece and the workpiece and improving the fixing effect;

[0030] (4) The utility model provides a rotating self-centering chuck, which can ensure the accuracy of the movement direction of the cylinder to a certain extent by providing a guide seat, thereby avoiding the situation where the cylinder cannot drive the rotating disk to rotate when it is extended or retracted;

[0031] (5) The utility model provides a rotating self-centering chuck, which realizes the sliding hinge of the connecting rod in the movable groove of the claw by providing a connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is easy to disassemble and assemble, which is conducive to the subsequent maintenance of the chuck;

[0032] (6) The utility model provides a rotating self-centering chuck, which makes the installation of the fixed disk more stable by arranging a support groove matching the shape of the fixed disk on the support, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the chuck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the rotary self-centering chuck of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a front view of the rotary self-centering chuck of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping claw of the utility model;

[0036] In the figure: 1, fixed plate; 11, guide seat; 2, rotating plate; 21, movable groove of clamping claw; 22, bracket; 3, clamping claw; 31, connecting rod; 32, contact piece; 33, connecting sleeve; 4, cylinder; 5, base; 6, support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Although these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be implemented and various changes may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but is merely for illustration and does not limit the description of the features and characteristics of the present invention, in order to propose the best way to perform the present invention, and is sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A rotary self-centering chuck is used to center, clamp and fix a workpiece when machining and installing mechanical parts, so as to ensure the accuracy of workpiece machining and installation. The specific structure and technical effect are described in detail below.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the chuck mainly includes a fixed plate 1, a rotating plate 2, a clamping claw 3 and a rotating drive mechanism.

[0041] Among them, there are multiple claws 3, generally 3 or 4, and 3 in this embodiment. The claw 3 includes a connecting rod 31 and a contact piece 32. One end of the connecting rod 31 is hinged to the fixed disk 1, and the other end is connected to the contact piece 32. The rotating disk 2 is rotatably mounted on the fixed disk 1. In this embodiment, it is mounted on the fixed disk 1 through a bearing. The side of the rotating disk 2 is provided with claw movable grooves 21, and the number of claw movable grooves 21 matches the number of claws 3. The connecting rod 31 passes through the claw movable groove 21 and the middle part of the connecting rod 31 is slidably hinged to the wall of the claw movable groove 21. The rotary drive mechanism controls the rotating disk 2 to rotate along the center of the rotating disk 2 on the fixed disk 1.

[0042] When the rotating disk 2 rotates, the hinge point between the connecting rod 31 and the movable groove 21 of the clamping claw moves accordingly, driving the connecting rod 31 to rotate along the hinge point between the connecting rod 31 and the fixed disk 1, and adjusting the position of the contact member 32. Since multiple clamping claws 3 are installed on the same rotating disk 2, the synchronous movement of multiple clamping claws 3 can be controlled simultaneously by only controlling the rotation of the rotating disk 2, thereby improving the centering accuracy of the chuck. In addition, the chuck has a simple structure and is easy to maintain, thereby reducing the processing and maintenance costs of the equipment.

[0043] The specific setting of the contact member 32 can be selected according to different needs. When the workpiece does not need to be completely fixed, the contact member 32 is set to be a roller rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting rod 31 or a fixed wheel fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod 31, thereby reducing the wear of the workpiece caused by centering the workpiece. At the same time, the workpiece can be directly rotated in the chuck after centering to cooperate with subsequent processing and installation work, which is more convenient to use. In this embodiment, the contact member 32 adopts a roller structure, which is more effective in reducing workpiece wear than a fixed wheel.

[0044] When the workpiece needs to be completely fixed, the position where the contact piece 32 contacts the workpiece is set to a slot that matches the shape of the workpiece, thereby increasing the contact area between the contact piece 32 and the workpiece and improving the fixing effect. Under this structure, the contact piece 32 and the connecting rod 31 are generally fixedly connected, otherwise it is difficult to ensure the fixing effect.

[0045] The rotary drive mechanism includes a cylinder 4. A bracket 22 is fixedly installed on the side of the rotating disk 2, one end of the cylinder 4 is hinged to the fixing member outside the rotating disk 2, and the other end is hinged to the bracket 22. The cylinder 41 is telescopically controlled to move the bracket 22, driving the rotating disk 2 to rotate.

[0046] In order to ensure the precise movement direction of the cylinder 4 and avoid the situation that the cylinder 4 cannot drive the rotating disk 2 to rotate when it is extended or retracted, a guide seat 11 is fixedly mounted on the fixed disk 1, and the guide seat 11 has a guide hole for the piston rod of the cylinder 4 to pass through. It should be noted that a gap for the piston rod to move needs to be left between the piston rod and the inner wall of the guide hole to accommodate the small-range angle adjustment of the piston rod caused by the change in the position of the bracket 22 when the rotating disk 2 rotates.

[0047] The connecting rod 31 is sleeved with a connecting sleeve 33, which is hinged to the wall of the claw movable groove 21, and a limit block for limiting the rotation range of the connecting rod 31 is installed in the claw movable groove 21. By providing the connecting sleeve 33, the sliding hinge of the connecting rod 31 in the claw movable groove 21 is realized, and the connecting sleeve 33 is easy to disassemble and assemble, which is conducive to the subsequent maintenance of the chuck.

[0048] In addition, a base 5 is provided below the fixed plate 1 as a mounting base for the fixed plate 1. A support 6 is fixedly mounted on the base 5, and the support 6 has a supporting groove matching the shape of the fixed plate 1. The fixed plate 1 is matched and mounted on the support 6, so that the installation of the fixed plate is more stable, ensuring the normal operation of the chuck.

[0049] In summary, a rotating self-centering chuck of this embodiment improves the centering accuracy of the self-centering chuck by improving the structure of a traditional self-centering chuck, can be applied to different numbers of jaws, and has a simple equipment structure and low processing and maintenance costs.

Claims

1. A rotary self-centering chuck, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed disk (1), a rotating disk (2), a clamping claw (3) and a rotating drive mechanism; The claw (3) has a plurality of parts, including a connecting rod (31) and a contact piece (32); one end of the connecting rod (31) is hinged to the fixed plate (1), and the other end is connected to the contact piece (32); The rotating disk (2) is rotatably mounted on the fixed disk (1), and a claw movable groove (21) is provided on the side of the rotating disk; the connecting rod (31) passes through the claw movable groove (21), and the middle part of the connecting rod (31) is slidably hinged to the wall surface of the claw movable groove (21); The rotary drive mechanism controls the rotating disk (2) to rotate on the fixed disk (1) along the center of the rotating disk (2).

2. A rotary self-centering chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact member (32) is a roller rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting rod (31).

3. A rotary self-centering chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact member (32) is a fixed wheel fixedly mounted on the end of the connecting rod (31).

4. A rotary self-centering chuck according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The position where the contact piece (32) contacts the workpiece has a clamping groove matching the shape of the workpiece.

5. A rotary self-centering chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism comprises a cylinder (4); a bracket (22) is fixedly mounted on the side of the rotary disk (2); one end of the cylinder (4) is hinged to a fixing member outside the rotary disk (2), and the other end is hinged to the bracket (22).

6. A rotary self-centering chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide seat (11) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (1), and the guide seat (11) has a guide hole for the piston rod of the cylinder (4) to pass through.

7. A rotary self-centering chuck according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5-6, characterized in that: The connecting rod (31) is sleeved with a connecting sleeve (33), and the connecting sleeve (33) is hinged to the wall surface of the claw movable groove (21).

8. A rotary self-centering chuck according to claim 7, characterized in that: A limit block for limiting the rotation range of the connecting rod (31) is arranged in the movable groove (21) of the clamping claw.

9. A rotary self-centering chuck according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5-6, characterized in that: The fixed plate (1) is fixedly mounted on the base (5).

10. A rotary self-centering chuck according to claim 9, characterized in that: A support (6) is fixedly mounted on the base (5), the support (6) having a supporting groove matching the shape of the fixed plate (1), and the fixed plate (1) is matched and mounted on the support (6).

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