Rock sample friction test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock sample friction test device which comprises a bottom plate, a first movable seat, a second movable seat, a first force sensor and a second force sensor, the first movable seat is connected to the bottom plate in a sliding mode, the first force sensor is arranged between the bottom plate and the first movable seat, and the second force sensor is arranged between the bottom plate and the second movable seat. The force sensor is used for measuring the stress of the first movable seat and the bottom plate in the relative sliding direction; the second movable seat is connected to the first movable seat in a sliding mode, the relative sliding direction of the second movable seat and the first movable seat is perpendicular to the relative sliding direction of the first movable seat and the bottom plate, and the second force sensor is arranged between the first movable seat and the second movable seat. And the force sensor is used for measuring the stress of the second movable seat and the first movable seat in the relative sliding direction. The friction test device can be used for stably and conveniently carrying out friction test on the rock sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to rock sample testing equipment, and more specifically to a rock sample friction testing device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, testing the friction angle of rock mass structural surfaces typically involves a tilt-and-drop method. Specifically, a first rock block is placed on a horizontal support plate, and a second rock block is placed on top of the first. The surface where the first and second rock blocks meet constitutes the friction surface. The support plate is then gradually tilted until the second rock block on top slides off. The tilt angle is recorded, representing the friction angle of the structural surface. However, during the test, stacked rock blocks are prone to tipping over, and the test is also inconvenient to perform.

[0003] Therefore, a new solution needs to be proposed to solve this problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a rock sample friction test device for conveniently conducting tests.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a rock sample friction test device, comprising a base plate, a first movable seat, a second movable seat, a first force sensor and a second force sensor, the first movable seat being slidably connected to the base plate, the first force sensor being arranged between the base plate and the first movable seat, and being used to measure the force applied to the first movable seat and the base plate in the relative sliding direction; the second movable seat being slidably connected to the first movable seat, and the relative sliding direction of the second movable seat and the first movable seat being perpendicular to the relative sliding direction of the first movable seat and the base plate, the second force sensor being arranged between the first movable seat and the second movable seat, and being used to measure the force applied to the second movable seat and the first movable seat in the relative sliding direction.

[0006] The present invention is further configured such that the bottom plate is provided with a first guide sliding rod, the first guide sliding rod is slidably connected to a first guide sliding sleeve, and the first movable seat is fixedly connected to the first guide sliding sleeve.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the number of the first guide sliding rods is two, and both ends of the first guide sliding rods are fixedly connected to the bottom plate via support blocks.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the first movable seat is provided with a force-bearing portion, the bottom plate is provided with a support block, and the first force sensor is provided between the force-bearing portion of the first movable seat and the support block.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the first force sensor is a tension sensor, comprising two first measuring ends, which are respectively fixedly connected to the force-bearing portion and the support block of the first movable seat.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the second movable seat is fixedly connected to a second guide slide rod, the second guide slide rod is slidably connected to a second guide slide sleeve, and the second guide slide sleeve is fixedly connected to the first movable seat.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the second force sensor is a pressure sensor, the second force sensor includes a sensor seat and a second measuring end, the sensor seat is mounted on the first movable seat, and the second measuring end is fixedly connected to the second movable seat.

[0012] The utility model is further configured such that the first movable seat is provided with a mounting hole, the aperture of the mounting hole is adapted to the outer diameter of the sensor seat; one end of the mounting hole is open, and the other end forms a bottom surface; a notch is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting hole, and the notch passes through to the outer periphery of the first movable seat, and the sensor seat is embedded in the mounting hole and fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting hole; the two sides of the notch of the first movable seat are fixed by screws, so as to clamp the pressure sensor.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that a contact plate is provided at the lower part of the base plate, and a pressure surface is provided on the side of the contact plate facing away from the base plate, and the pressure surface is used to resist against the rock block; the relative sliding direction between the first movable seat and the base plate is parallel to the pressure surface, and the relative sliding direction between the second movable seat and the first movable seat is perpendicular to the pressure surface.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the contact plate is made of anti-slip rubber material.

[0015] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] By adopting this test device, the first force sensor and the second force sensor can simultaneously measure the force perpendicular to the friction surface and the force parallel to the friction surface, thereby obtaining friction data information between the two rock blocks; the test device can be pushed by hand-held pressing, and the first rock block, the second rock block and the test device can be stacked in sequence to operate the test device, which is easy to operate and has good stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a rock sample friction test device in this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 The explosion of a rock sample friction test device in this embodiment Figure 1;

[0019] Figure 3 The explosion of a rock sample friction test device in this embodiment Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a rock sample friction test device in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of the first movable seat and the second sensor in this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the first movable seat and the second sensor in this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first rock block and the second rock block stacked in this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a rock sample friction test device in this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 9 It is a front view of a rock sample friction test device in this embodiment.

[0026] Figure markings: 1. Base plate; 101. Support block; 2. First guide slide rod; 201. First guide slide sleeve; 3. First movable seat; 301. Mounting hole; 302. Bottom surface; 303. Second guide slide sleeve; 304. Force-bearing part; 305. Notch; 306. Screw; 4. First force sensor; 401. First measuring end; 5. Second force sensor; 501. Second measuring end; 502. Sensor seat; 6. Second movable seat; 601. Cover body; 602. Second guide slide rod; 7. Contact plate; 701. Pressing surface; 100. First rock block; 1001. First friction surface; 200. Second rock block; 2002. Second friction surface; 2002. Fitting surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] This embodiment discloses a rock mass structural surface friction angle test device, referring to Figures 1-6As shown, it includes a base plate 1, a contact plate 7, a first movable seat 3, a second movable seat 6, a first force sensor 4 and a second force sensor 5. The base plate 1 is generally a plate-shaped structure and serves as a support for the entire device; the first movable seat 3, the second movable seat 6, the first force sensor 4 and the second force sensor 5 are all installed on one side of the base plate 1. Figure 2 The figure shows the upper side of the bottom plate 1; the contact plate 7 is fixedly mounted on the other side of the bottom plate 1, refer to Figure 2 Shown is the underside of the base plate 1 .

[0029] The contact plate 7 has a pressing surface 701 formed on the side facing away from the bottom plate 1. The pressing surface 701 plays a role in resisting the rock mass. The contact plate 7 can be made of non-slip rubber material. When the contact plate 7 and the rock mass are pressed, the test device and the rock mass can be kept relatively fixed by friction.

[0030] The base plate 1, the first movable seat 3, and the second movable seat 6 are capable of relative movement. A first force sensor 4 is disposed between the base plate 1 and the first movable seat 3 and is capable of measuring force in the x-direction. A second force sensor 5 is disposed between the first movable seat 3 and the second movable seat 6 and is capable of measuring force in the y-direction. The x-direction and the y-direction are perpendicular to each other, and the x-direction is parallel to the pressing surface 701, while the y-direction is perpendicular to the pressing surface 701.

[0031] During the test, the test device can output the force condition Fx in the x direction and the force condition Fy in the y direction, and draw the change curves of Fx and Fy, thereby obtaining corresponding test data.

[0032] The first movable seat 3 is slidably connected to the base plate 1 in the x-direction. A guide structure guides movement between the first movable seat 3 and the base plate 1, ensuring relative movement only in the x-direction. This allows the first force sensor 4 to more accurately detect the force applied in the x-direction.

[0033] Similarly, the second movable seat 6 also adopts a sliding structure, which is slidably connected to the first movable seat 3, and the sliding direction is the y direction, so that only a relative movement trend in the y direction is generated between the second movable seat 6 and the first movable seat 3, and the second force sensor 5 can more accurately obtain the force conditions in the y direction.

[0034] Specifically, the base plate 1 is fixedly connected to two support blocks 101. A first guide rod 2 is fixedly mounted between the two support blocks 101, parallel to the x-direction. A first guide sleeve 201 is mounted on the outer surface of the first movable seat 3 and slidably connected to the first guide rod 2. The sliding fit between the first guide sleeve 201 and the first guide rod 2 provides sliding guidance between the first movable seat 3 and the base plate 1.

[0035] The first movable seat 3 is provided with a force-bearing portion 304. The force-bearing portion 304 is positioned at a height corresponding to the support blocks 101 and faces one of the support blocks 101. The first force sensor 4 is installed between the force-bearing portion 304 and one of the support blocks 101 to thereby detect the force Fx in the x-direction. The first force sensor 4 includes two first measuring ends 401, with the two first ends respectively connected between the force-bearing portion 304 of the first movable seat 3 and one of the support blocks 101.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first force sensor 4 is a tension sensor, specifically an S-shaped tension sensor. Alternatively, the first force sensor 4 may be a pressure sensor, and corresponding adjustments need to be made in the installation position and force direction.

[0037] Specifically, a mounting hole 301 is formed in the upper portion of the first movable seat 3, a second guide sleeve 303 is mounted in the mounting hole 301, and a second guide rod 602 is fixedly mounted on the lower portion of the second movable seat 6. When the second movable seat 6 is installed, the second guide rod 602 is inserted into the second guide sleeve to form a sliding guide structure, and the sliding direction is the y direction.

[0038] In this embodiment, the second force sensor 5 is a pressure sensor, and this is used as an example to illustrate the installation structure of the second force sensor 5. The second force sensor 5 has a sensor base 502 and a second measuring end 501, which can measure the force between the sensor base 502 and the second measuring end 501.

[0039] Reference Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the first movable seat 3 is provided with a mounting hole 301, and the aperture of the mounting hole 301 is adapted to the outer diameter of the sensor seat 502. One end of the mounting hole 301 is open, and the other end forms a bottom surface 302. In addition, a notch 305 is provided on the periphery of the mounting hole 301, and the notch 305 passes through the periphery of the first movable seat 3. During installation, the sensor seat 502 of the second sensor is embedded in the mounting hole 301. The sensor seat 502 and the mounting hole 301 are pressed against each other and fixed by bolts, so that the second sensor can transmit the force in the y direction. Screws 306 are installed on both sides of the notch 305 of the first movable seat 3. By adjusting the screws 306, the notch 305 can be locked, and the mounting hole 301 is slightly deformed, so that the outer wall of the sensor seat 502 can be clamped and fixed, thereby maintaining the installation stability of the second sensor.

[0040] The second measuring end 501 and the second movable seat 6 are pressed against each other and fixed by bolts, so that when the second movable seat 6 is subjected to pressure, it can be transmitted to the second measuring end 501, and the second force sensor 5 can obtain the force condition in the y direction.

[0041] Furthermore, a cover 601 is provided on the outer periphery of the second movable seat 6, extending toward the base plate 1. This covers the first movable seat 3, the first force sensor 4, and the second force sensor 5, thereby providing protection. However, there is no direct connection between the cover 601 and the base plate 1, and thus, no interference with the force applied to the sensors is expected.

[0042] This embodiment also discloses a rock mass structural surface friction angle test method, which uses the rock mass structural surface friction angle test device in the above embodiment to conduct the test, and refers to Figure 7-Figure 9 Provide explanation.

[0043] Reference Figure 7 As shown, samples are obtained from the rock mass to be tested, which are a first rock block 100 and a second rock block 200. The first rock block 100 includes a first friction surface 1001, and the second rock block 200 includes a second friction surface 2002. The first friction surface 1001 and the second friction surface 2002 are adapted to each other, and the first friction surface 1001 and the second friction surface 2002 can roughly match each other.

[0044] During the test, the first rock block 100 remains fixed and the second rock block 200 is movable. The first rock block 100 does not need to be removed from the rock mass, and the test can be carried out directly on the rock mass, and the second rock block 200 can be operated.

[0045] In engineering practice, two suitable rock blocks are required for testing. The first rock block (i.e., second rock block 200 in this embodiment) has relatively few requirements, requiring only a suitable surface to serve as a friction surface. The second rock block (i.e., first rock block 100 in this embodiment) must match the first rock block, which is a relatively high requirement. The second rock block is likely a large rock mass itself. Traditional testing requires removing the second rock block from the large rock mass, which is extremely difficult in practice. In this embodiment, one of the rock blocks is used for fixation, requiring only one suitable rock block to conduct the test, which solves this problem.

[0046] In this embodiment, the second rock block 200 also has a fitting surface 2002, and the fitting surface 2002 and the second friction surface 2002 are respectively located on the front and back sides of the second rock block 200. During the test, the second friction surface 2002 of the second rock block 200 is pressed against the first friction surface 1001 of the first rock block 100, and the pressing surface 701 of the contact plate 7 of the test device is pressed against the fitting surface 2002 of the second rock block 200, and a force F is applied to the second movable seat 6 of the test device so that the pressing surface 701 and the fitting surface 2002 remain stationary relative to each other.

[0047] In order to ensure the accuracy of the test during the test, the fitting surface 2002 of the second rock block 200 can be pre-processed. The fitting surface 2002 can be processed into a state roughly parallel to the second friction surface 2002 by removing or filling, thereby making the x-direction and y-direction force measured by the test device more accurate.

[0048] During the test, pressure F was first applied to the second movable seat 6 of the test apparatus. This pressure F pressed the test apparatus, second rock block 200, and first rock block 100 together, securing them in place. Pressure F was parallel to the y-direction and formed an inclination angle a with the x-direction, initially at 90°. The direction of pressure F was then adjusted, gradually decreasing angle a until relative sliding occurred between second rock block 200 and first rock block 100. During the application of pressure F, the first and second force sensors 4 and 5 recorded the x-direction force component Fx and the y-direction force component Fy, respectively. Finally, the force signals Fx and Fy were output, and curves of their variations were plotted to obtain test data for the rock mass structural surface friction angle. The rock mass structural surface friction angle is φ, where tan(φ) = Fy / Fx and φ = tan-1(Fy / Fx). This yielded data for the rock mass structural surface friction angle φ. The test was repeated multiple times to eliminate the maximum and minimum values.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to improve the accuracy of the test, when recording the force data of Fx and Fy, the computer can only record the data where Fy exceeds the preset value, thereby eliminating the interference effect of the force.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, certain improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rock sample friction test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base plate (1), a first movable seat (3), a second movable seat (6), a first force sensor (4) and a second force sensor (5), wherein the first movable seat (3) is slidably connected to the base plate (1), the first force sensor (4) is arranged between the base plate (1) and the first movable seat (3), and is used to measure the force applied to the first movable seat (3) and the base plate (1) in a relative sliding direction; the second movable seat (6) is slidably connected to the first movable seat (3), and the relative sliding direction of the second movable seat (6) and the first movable seat (3) is perpendicular to the relative sliding direction of the first movable seat (3) and the base plate (1), and the second force sensor (5) is arranged between the first movable seat (3) and the second movable seat (6), and is used to measure the force applied to the second movable seat (6) and the first movable seat (3) in a relative sliding direction.

2. A rock sample friction test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (1) is provided with a first guide slide rod (2), the first guide slide rod (2) is slidably connected to a first guide slide sleeve (201), and the first movable seat (3) is fixedly connected to the first guide slide sleeve (201).

3. A rock sample friction test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the first guide slide bars (2) is two, and both ends of the first guide slide bars (2) are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1) via support blocks (101).

4. A rock sample friction test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first movable seat (3) is provided with a force-bearing portion (304), the bottom plate (1) is provided with a support block (101), and the first force sensor (4) is provided between the force-bearing portion (304) of the first movable seat (3) and the support block (101).

5. A rock sample friction test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first force sensor (4) is a tension sensor, comprising two first measuring ends (401), wherein the two first measuring ends (401) are respectively fixedly connected to the force-bearing portion (304) of the first movable seat (3) and the support block (101).

6. The rock sample friction test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second movable seat (6) is fixedly connected to a second guide slide rod (602), the second guide slide rod (602) is slidably connected to a second guide slide sleeve (303), and the second guide slide sleeve (303) is fixedly connected to the first movable seat (3).

7. A rock sample friction test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second force sensor (5) is a pressure sensor, comprising a sensor seat (502) and a second measuring end (501), wherein the sensor seat (502) is mounted on the first movable seat (3), and the second measuring end (501) is fixedly connected to the second movable seat (6).

8. A rock sample friction test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first movable seat (3) is provided with a mounting hole (301), the aperture of which is adapted to the outer diameter of the sensor seat (502); one end of the mounting hole (301) is open, and the other end forms a bottom surface (302); a notch (305) is provided on the periphery of the mounting hole (301), and the notch (305) passes through the periphery of the first movable seat (3); the sensor seat (502) is embedded in the mounting hole (301) and fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting hole (301); both sides of the notch (305) of the first movable seat (3) are locked and fixed by screws (306), so as to clamp the pressure sensor.

9. A rock sample friction testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A contact plate (7) is provided at the lower part of the bottom plate (1), and a pressing surface (701) is provided on the side of the contact plate (7) facing away from the bottom plate (1), and the pressing surface (701) is used to press against the rock block; the relative sliding direction between the first movable seat (3) and the bottom plate (1) is parallel to the pressing surface (701), and the relative sliding direction between the second movable seat (6) and the first movable seat (3) is perpendicular to the pressing surface (701).

10. The rock sample friction test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The contact plate (7) is made of anti-slip rubber material.

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