A device for earthworms to improve heavy metals in soil

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of soil remediation technology and discloses a device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals. The device includes a remediation bed with a gantry frame fixedly connected to its top. A drive mechanism is located near the top of the gantry frame, and a support frame is located at the bottom of the drive mechanism. An adjustable-height soil-turning mechanism is mounted on the support frame. Light sources are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the gantry frame and on both sides of the drive mechanism. This utility model, through the combined use of the drive mechanism and the adjustable-height soil-turning mechanism, enables the soil-turning rake within the mechanism to repeatedly and automatically turn the soil on the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer, preventing surface soil compaction, ensuring soil aeration, and replacing manual soil-turning operations, thus reducing the labor intensity of workers and saving time and effort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil remediation technology, and in particular to a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals. Background Technology

[0002] The remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil is a global challenge and an urgent task. Currently, commonly used remediation technologies include physicochemical remediation and bioremediation; physicochemical remediation includes electroremediation and soil leaching technologies, while bioremediation includes animal remediation and phytoremediation technologies.

[0003] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN207401902U discloses a device for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil. The device includes a container with an open top for holding contaminated soil. Inside the container is an electric repellent device for driving earthworms to the soil surface. Above the container, from top to bottom, are a dispensing device for releasing earthworms into the container and a collecting device for collecting the earthworms driven to the soil surface. By incorporating the dispensing device, electric repellent device, and collecting device, not only is efficient remediation of contaminated soil achieved, but earthworms saturated with heavy metal pollutants are also removed from the contaminated soil. Through multiple rounds of operation, the heavy metal pollutants in the contaminated soil are thoroughly removed, significantly improving the remediation effect.

[0004] In existing technologies, when using earthworms to improve and remediate soil contaminated with heavy metals, the soil surface needs to be turned over regularly to promote aeration and prevent compaction. However, the aforementioned patent lacks the function of automatically turning over the surface soil, which often requires manual turning of the soil by hand using a hand rake, increasing the workload of workers and wasting time and effort.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals and solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that existing technologies lack the function of automatically turning over the topsoil, requiring manual turning of the soil using a hand rake periodically, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. Therefore, this invention proposes a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals, comprising a remediation bed made of corrosion-resistant plastic or stainless steel. A gantry frame is fixedly connected to the top of the remediation bed. A drive mechanism is installed inside the gantry frame near the top. A support frame is installed at the bottom of the drive mechanism. An adjustable-height soil-turning mechanism is installed on the support frame. Light sources, using LED lights or fluorescent lights, are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the gantry frame and on both sides of the drive mechanism. A black light-shielding plate is hinged to one side of the top of the remediation bed. Through the combined use of the drive mechanism and the adjustable-height soil-turning mechanism, the soil-turning rake in the soil-turning mechanism can be driven to repeatedly and automatically turn the soil on the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer, preventing the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer from compacting, ensuring soil aeration, and replacing the manual soil-turning operation of the transmission, reducing the labor intensity of workers and saving time and effort.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the driving mechanism includes a drive motor and a guide rod 1 fixedly installed on the gantry frame. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw. The reciprocating screw is movably installed on the support frame. The outer surface of the reciprocating screw is threaded with a screw sleeve, and the screw sleeve is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod 1. The support frame is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the screw sleeve.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the soil turning mechanism includes an adjusting handle rotatably mounted on the top of the support frame, a threaded lifting rod is threadedly connected to the inside of the adjusting handle, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded lifting rod, a guide rod II is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting plate, the top end of the guide rod II movably passes through the support frame and extends to the top of the support frame, and a soil turning rake is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: a spraying mechanism is provided on the top of the gantry frame.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the spraying mechanism includes a water storage tank fixedly installed on the top of the gantry frame, a water pump fixedly installed on one side of the water storage tank, the pump's pumping end being connected to the water storage tank near the bottom, and a hose fixedly connected to the pump's outlet end, the other end of the hose being fixedly connected to a spray pipe, the bottom end of the spray pipe being fixedly connected to several spray nozzles, and the spray pipe being fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame and offset from the soil turning rake.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: support strips are fixedly connected to the four corners of the inner wall of the repair bed, and a grid plate is attached to the top of the four support strips.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: ventilation openings are provided on both sides of the repair bed and below the grid plate to avoid the formation of an anaerobic environment.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: a permanent magnet is embedded in the inner wall of the gantry frame near the black light-shielding plate, and a high magnetic permeability metal plate is fixedly embedded in the black light-shielding plate near the permanent magnet, and the high magnetic permeability metal plate is magnetically attracted to the surface of the permanent magnet.

[0015] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Compared with existing technologies, this device for earthworm-mediated soil remediation of heavy metals, through the combined use of a drive mechanism and an adjustable-height soil-turning mechanism, enables the soil-turning rake in the soil-turning mechanism to perform repeated automatic and efficient soil-turning operations on the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer. This prevents the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer from compacting, ensures soil aeration, and replaces the manual soil-turning operation of transmission, reducing the labor intensity of workers and saving time and effort.

[0017] 2. Compared with existing technologies, this device for earthworm-based soil heavy metal remediation uses a light source to illuminate the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer before turning it over. Earthworms, exhibiting negative phototaxis, will migrate and gather towards darkness under the light, thus creating space for subsequent turning and preventing accidental injury to the earthworms. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram from another angle of the overall structure of the device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals proposed in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 The first structural bottom view of the gantry frame and guide rod of the device for earthworm remediation of heavy metals in soil proposed in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and soil-turning mechanism of a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals according to this utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism of a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals according to this utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the repair bed and support strips of a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals, as proposed in this utility model.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Repair bed; 2. Gantry frame; 3. Support frame; 4. Light source; 5. Black light shield; 6. Drive motor; 7. Guide rod one; 8. Reciprocating screw; 9. Screw sleeve; 10. Adjusting handle; 11. Threaded lifting rod; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Guide rod two; 14. Soil turning rake; 15. Water tank; 16. Water pump; 17. Hose; 18. Sprinkler pipe; 19. Sprinkler nozzle; 20. Support bar; 21. Grid plate; 22. Ventilation opening; 23. Permanent magnet; 24. High magnetic permeability metal plate; 25. Battery; 26. Control panel; 27. Drain outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-6 This utility model provides a device for earthworms to improve soil heavy metals: it includes a repair bed 1, which is made of corrosion-resistant plastic or stainless steel. A gantry frame 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the repair bed 1. A drive mechanism is set inside the gantry frame 2 near the top. A support frame 3 is set at the bottom of the drive mechanism. An adjustable soil turning mechanism is set on the support frame 3. Light sources 4 are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the gantry frame 2 and on both sides of the drive mechanism. The light sources 4 are LED lights or fluorescent lights. A black light shield 5 is hinged to one side of the top of the repair bed 1.

[0028] By using the drive mechanism and the adjustable height soil turning mechanism together, the soil turning rake 14 in the soil turning mechanism can be driven to perform repeated automatic and efficient soil turning operations on the surface of the contaminated soil mixed layer, avoiding soil compaction on the surface of the contaminated soil mixed layer, ensuring soil aeration, and replacing the manual soil turning operation of the transmission, reducing the labor intensity of the workers and saving time and effort.

[0029] By setting up light source 4, before turning over the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer, the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer is first illuminated by the light emitted by light source 4. According to the negative phototaxis of earthworms, they will flee and gather in the dark under the light. That is, the earthworms on the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer will move downwards, making room for the subsequent turning over of the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer, avoiding accidental injury to earthworms during subsequent turning over, and playing a certain protective role for earthworms.

[0030] The drive mechanism includes a drive motor 6 and a guide rod 7 fixedly mounted on the gantry frame 2. The output end of the drive motor 6 is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw 8. The outer surface of the reciprocating screw 8 is threadedly connected to a screw sleeve 9, and the screw sleeve 9 is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod 7. The support frame 3 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the screw sleeve 9. The drive mechanism is used to drive the support frame 3 to move back and forth.

[0031] The soil turning mechanism includes an adjusting handle 10 rotatably mounted on the top of the support frame 3. The adjusting handle 10 is internally threaded with a threaded lifting rod 11. The bottom end of the threaded lifting rod 11 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 12. The top of the connecting plate 12 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 13. The top end of the guide rod 13 moves through the support frame 3 and extends to the top of the support frame 3. The bottom of the connecting plate 12 is fixedly connected to a soil turning rake 14. The soil turning mechanism is used to turn the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer.

[0032] A sprinkler system is installed on the top of the gantry frame 2. The sprinkler system includes a water tank 15 fixedly installed on the top of the gantry frame 2. A water pump 16 is fixedly installed on one side of the water tank 15. The pumping end of the water pump 16 is connected to the water tank 15 near the bottom. A hose 17 is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the water pump 16. A sprinkler pipe 18 is fixedly connected to the other end of the hose 17. Several sprinkler nozzles 19 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sprinkler pipe 18. The sprinkler pipe 18 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame 3 and is offset from the soil turning rake 14.

[0033] Support strips 20 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the inner wall of the remediation bed 1. The top of the four support strips 20 is connected to a grid plate 21. The grid plate 21 has several small air holes arranged in a rectangular array. The grid plate 21 is used to support the drainage layer, the contaminated soil mixing layer and the covering layer, and facilitates the discharge of excess water. Ventilation openings 22 are provided on both sides of the remediation bed 1 and below the grid plate 21 to avoid the formation of an anaerobic environment.

[0034] A permanent magnet 23 is embedded in the inner wall of the gantry frame 2 near the black light shield 5. A high magnetic permeability metal plate 24 is fixedly embedded in the black light shield 5 near the permanent magnet 23. The high magnetic permeability metal plate 24 is magnetically attracted to the surface of the permanent magnet 23. With the setting of the permanent magnet 23 and the high magnetic permeability metal plate 24, the black light shield 5 is magnetically attracted to the gantry frame 2 when it is not needed, that is, in a vertical state, so as to avoid affecting the left and right movement of the soil turning rake 14 and the spray pipe 18.

[0035] A battery 25 is installed on the top of the gantry frame 2. A control panel 26 is fixedly installed on the front of the repair bed 1. The light source 4, drive motor 6 and water pump 16 are electrically connected to the battery 25 through the control panel 26. A drain outlet 27 is fixedly connected to one side of the repair bed 1 near the bottom. A manual valve is installed on the drain outlet 27. When it is necessary to discharge the sewage collected at the bottom of the repair bed 1, the manual valve can be opened to discharge the sewage through the drain outlet 27.

[0036] Working principle: When this device is needed to improve and remediate soil contaminated with heavy metals, the staff first lays a gravel drainage layer on top of the grid plate 21. Then, a contaminated soil mixture layer (composed of contaminated soil and organic amendment, i.e., an activity layer for earthworms, the organic amendment being straw or well-rotted cow manure) is laid on top of the gravel drainage layer. During the laying of the contaminated soil mixture layer, earthworms are inoculated inside. Earthworms of heavy metal tolerant species (such as Eisenia fetida) are selected, with a density of 10-20 earthworms / kg of soil. Then, a covering layer is laid on top of the contaminated soil mixture layer. The covering layer is a straw mat made of woven rice straw, used for moisture retention and light protection. Earthworms move in the contaminated soil mixture layer and can absorb some of the heavy metals in the soil, thus realizing the improvement and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil using earthworms.

[0037] During the process of improving and remediating heavy metal soil using earthworms, a spraying mechanism is required to regularly spray water into the remediation bed 1 to ensure that the soil moisture in the remediation bed 1 is maintained at 60%-80%. In the specific spraying operation, the staff first injects an appropriate amount of clean water into the water storage tank 15, and then turns on the water pump 16 and drive motor 6 through the control panel 26. The water pump 16 draws clean water from the water storage tank 15 and delivers it to the spray pipe 18 through the hose 17. Finally, the water is sprayed into the remediation bed 1 through the spray nozzle 19 to replenish the soil in the remediation bed 1. At the same time, the output end of the drive motor 6 rotates to drive the reciprocating screw 8 to rotate. Under the limiting action of the guide rod 7 on the screw sleeve 9, it moves back and forth along the axis of the reciprocating screw 8, thereby driving the support frame 3 to move back and forth, and driving the spray pipe 18 to move back and forth, so as to evenly spray and replenish the soil in the remediation bed 1, thereby improving the uniformity of spraying and replenishing the water.

[0038] In the process of using earthworms to improve and remediate soil containing heavy metals, it is also necessary to regularly turn over the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer to prevent the surface from clumping and hardening, which would affect the aeration of the soil. Specifically, the covering layer on top of the contaminated soil mixture layer is first removed, and then the light source 4 is turned on through the control panel 26. The light emitted by the light source 4 is used to illuminate the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer. According to the negative phototaxis of earthworms, they will flee and gather in the dark under the light. That is, the earthworms on the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer will move downwards, making room for the subsequent turning over of the surface soil of the contaminated soil mixture layer and avoiding accidental damage to the earthworms during the subsequent turning over.

[0039] After waiting for the light source 4 to irradiate for a period of time, that is, after the earthworms living on the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer have moved downward under the light, the staff turns the adjusting handle 10 clockwise. Under the limiting action of the guide rod 13 and the connecting plate 12 on the threaded lifting rod 11, it moves downward, thereby driving the connecting plate 12 and the turning rake 14 to move downward until the turning rake 14 is inserted into the contaminated soil mixture layer (5-10CM). Then, the drive mechanism is started through the control panel 26. The drive mechanism drives the support frame 3 to move back and forth, and drives the turning rake 14 to perform repeated automatic and efficient soil turning operations on the surface of the contaminated soil mixture layer. This replaces the manual soil turning operation of the transmission, reduces the labor intensity of the staff, and saves time and effort. After the soil turning is completed, the adjusting handle 10 is turned counterclockwise to move the turning rake 14 back to its original position, and the covering layer is placed on top of the contaminated soil mixture layer again to keep the soil moist and block light.

[0040] After the contaminated soil remediation is completed, the covering layer is removed first. Then, the staff overcomes the magnetic attraction of the permanent magnet 23 to the high-permeability metal plate 24 and separates it. That is, the black light-shielding plate 5 is flipped downwards until the black light-shielding plate 5 and the remediation bed 1 are in a horizontal state, that is, overlapping and covering one side of the top of the remediation bed 1. Then, the light source 4 is turned on through the control panel 26. The light source 4 illuminates the soil in the area of ​​the remediation bed 1 that is not covered by the black light-shielding plate 5. The negative phototaxis of earthworms is used to drive them to one side of the black light-shielding plate 5, so that they are concentrated as much as possible, so that the staff can collect the earthworms with gloves or tweezers later.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for earthworm remediation of heavy metals in soil, comprising a remediation bed (1), characterized in that: The top of the repair bed (1) is fixedly connected to a gantry frame (2). A drive mechanism is provided inside the gantry frame (2) near the top. A support frame (3) is provided at the bottom of the drive mechanism. An adjustable soil turning mechanism is provided on the support frame (3). Light sources (4) are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the gantry frame (2) and on both sides of the drive mechanism. A black light shield (5) is hinged to one side of the top of the repair bed (1).

2. The device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a drive motor (6) and a guide rod (7) fixedly installed on the gantry frame (2). The output end of the drive motor (6) is fixedly connected to a reciprocating screw (8). The outer surface of the reciprocating screw (8) is threadedly connected to a screw sleeve (9), and the screw sleeve (9) is movably sleeved on the outer surface of the guide rod (7). The support frame (3) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the screw sleeve (9).

3. The device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil turning mechanism includes an adjusting handle (10) rotatably mounted on the top of the support frame (3). The adjusting handle (10) is internally threaded with a threaded lifting rod (11). The bottom end of the threaded lifting rod (11) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (12). The top of the connecting plate (12) is fixedly connected to a guide rod (13). The top end of the guide rod (13) moves through the support frame (3) and extends to the top of the support frame (3). The bottom of the connecting plate (12) is fixedly connected to a soil turning rake (14).

4. The device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spraying mechanism is provided on the top of the gantry (2).

5. The device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism includes a water storage tank (15) fixedly installed on the top of the gantry (2). A water pump (16) is fixedly installed on one side of the water storage tank (15). The pumping end of the water pump (16) is connected to the water storage tank (15) near the bottom. A hose (17) is fixedly connected to the outlet end of the water pump (16). A spray pipe (18) is fixedly connected to the other end of the hose (17). Several spray nozzles (19) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the spray pipe (18).

6. The device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The repair bed (1) has support strips (20) fixedly connected at the four corners of its inner wall, and the top of the four support strips (20) is covered with a grid plate (21).

7. The device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals according to claim 6, characterized in that: Ventilation openings (22) are provided on both sides of the repair bed (1) and below the grid plate (21).

8. The device for earthworm-based soil remediation of heavy metals according to claim 1, characterized in that: A permanent magnet (23) is embedded in the inner wall of the gantry frame (2) on the side near the black light shield (5), and a high magnetic permeability metal plate (24) is fixedly embedded in the side of the black light shield (5) near the permanent magnet (23).

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