A device for detecting allelochemicals in torch tree peels and leaves

Abstract

The utility model provides a torch tree pericarp and leaf allelochemical detection device belongs to plant allelochemical detection equipment field, including base, three material barrels, cleaning component, switching component and three sets of filter components, the base is provided with the pipe groove for fixed material barrel, material barrel outer wall is equipped with identification socket to distinguish sample type, the cleaning component is by straight pipe, annular array shower nozzle and water pipe component, can directional cleaning material barrel and joint inner wall, switching component is through the linkage of connecting frame and is linked with the blowdown valve, and the blowdown valve is with the spring reset and the positioning rod and realizes the quick switching seal, filter component contains the plugboard, the circular ring with the boss and the isolation support plate, the circular ring and the circular groove pass through the magnetic attraction and fix 0.22 microns organic phase filter membrane. The device can realize torch tree leaf flavonoids, pericarp flavonoids and phenolic acid extract independent high -efficient filtration, prevent cross -contamination, filter membrane replacement need not the tool, and the discharge blowdown switching is convenient, and the adaptation allelochemical detection demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of plant allelochemical detection equipment, and more specifically, it relates to a device for detecting allelochemicals in the peel and leaves of the staghorn sumac. Background Technology

[0002] As a plant with typical allelopathic effects, the content of flavonoids and phenolic acids in the peel and leaves of the staghorn sumac directly affects the balance of the surrounding ecosystem. Accurate detection of these substances is of great significance for ecological regulation and plant protection. Currently, the industry mostly uses general-purpose filtration devices for pretreatment before detecting allelopathic substances in staghorn sumac, but this method has the following significant drawbacks:

[0003] Severe cross-contamination: The lack of independent sample processing channels means that extracts from staghorn leaves (containing fiber debris) and fruit peels (containing waxy particles) share the same device, and residual allelochemicals are prone to cross-contamination, leading to deviations in test data (with a deviation rate of up to 8%-15%).

[0004] Low operational efficiency: Filter membrane replacement requires the use of tools such as wrenches to disassemble the fixing structure, and a single replacement takes more than 5 minutes. Furthermore, switching between material discharge and sewage discharge functions requires disassembling the pipeline step by step, making the operation cumbersome.

[0005] Poor sealing and corrosion resistance: The parts of the device that come into contact with extracts such as 70% ethanol and 5% formic acid are mostly made of ordinary plastic or rubber, which are easily corroded and cause leakage. At the same time, the traditional switching structure lacks elastic reset seal, which easily leads to extract leakage.

[0006] Low sample identification: There is no dedicated sample identification structure, and samples of leaves and peels, flavonoids and phenolic acids are easily confused, increasing the risk of operational errors;

[0007] Insufficient filtration efficiency: Due to the lack of targeted support and auxiliary structures, the filtration speed of high-viscosity extracts (such as flavonoid ethanol solutions) is naturally slow, requiring more than 30 minutes for a single treatment.

[0008] The aforementioned problems make it difficult for traditional devices to meet the detection requirements of "high precision, high efficiency, and low pollution" for allelochemicals in tarragon trees, necessitating a specialized detection device with targeted optimization. Utility Model Content

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a device for detecting allelochemicals in the peel and leaves of the staghorn sumac tree.

[0010] A device for detecting allelochemicals in the peel and leaves of a staghorn sumac includes a base with three slots on the base. Each slot contains a material cylinder, and each material cylinder has a bent connector fixed at its upper end. A cleaning assembly is provided between the three connectors. The cleaning assembly includes a water pipe and a straight pipe, and the two ends of the water pipe and the straight pipe that are close to each other are fixedly connected.

[0011] The lower ends of the three material cylinders are equipped with switching components, which include three discharge valves and three drain valves. A connecting frame is fixedly connected between the three discharge valves and the three drain valves.

[0012] The front surface of the base has three slots, and each of the three slots contains a filter assembly, which includes a plate, a ring and an isolation support plate.

[0013] The upper surface of the base has a rod groove, two round holes and three threaded grooves, and a positioning screw is threaded into each of the three threaded grooves.

[0014] Preferably, each material cylinder has a fixed marking slot on its outer wall, a plate groove is opened on the front side of the lower end of each material cylinder, and an annular groove is opened on the inner wall of each material cylinder, with the annular groove flush with the plate groove.

[0015] The plate groove is flush with the slot.

[0016] Preferably, both connectors on the right side have through-holes in the connecting groove, and the right side of the connector on the left side has the same connecting groove but not through-holes. The straight pipe is rotatably connected in the connecting groove. Three sets of nozzles are fixedly installed on the straight pipe. Each set of nozzles consists of four nozzles in a ring array. The three sets of nozzles are located in the three connectors respectively. A turntable for manual operation is also fixedly installed on the straight pipe.

[0017] The water pipe is connected to a high-pressure water pump on the right side, and a connecting ring is rotatably sleeved on the straight pipe. A bracket is fixed at the bottom of the connecting ring, and the bottom of the bracket is fixed on the base.

[0018] Preferably, the three discharge valves are respectively connected to the lower ends of the three material cylinders, and the connection is sealed. A slide rod and two positioning rods are fixedly connected to the connecting frame. A spring is sleeved on the slide rod, and a baffle is fixed on the top of the slide rod. The slide rod is movably sleeved in the rod groove, and the two positioning rods are respectively sleeved in the two round holes.

[0019] The spring is located between the baffle and the connecting frame and is in a compressed state. The bottom of the three drain valves is fixedly connected to the drain pipe via a tee.

[0020] Preferably, the middle part of the insert plate has a hole, the rear end of the insert plate is a semi-circular end and the upper surface has a circular groove, the bottom of the circular groove has a circular through groove, the ring is stuck in the circular groove, and the isolation support plate is fixed at the bottom of the through groove.

[0021] The isolation support plate has evenly distributed through holes.

[0022] Preferably, a 0.22 μm organic phase filter membrane is placed between the ring and the bottom of the circular groove, and an array of protrusions is fixed on the inner surface of the ring.

[0023] The bottom of the circular groove and the bottom surface of the circular ring are both provided with an annular groove.

[0024] Preferably, a ring of neodymium iron boron strong magnets is fixedly embedded in the annular groove on the ring, a ring of iron plates is fixedly embedded in the annular groove at the bottom of the ring, and a handle is fixedly connected to the front end of the insert plate.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Completely solves the problem of cross-contamination: The device is equipped with three independent material cylinders, which, together with the directional cleaning component, can perform 360° high-pressure cleaning on the inner wall of each material cylinder and connector, avoiding residual contamination from extracts of different samples (leaves, peels); at the same time, the sample type is clearly distinguished by the identification port 2, further reducing the risk of confusion and significantly reducing the deviation rate of detection data.

[0027] Significantly improves ease of operation: The filter assembly adopts a "circular ring + annular groove" magnetic attraction structure, which uses the attraction force of neodymium iron boron magnets and iron sheets to fix the 0.22μm filter membrane. With the protrusion of the inner ring of the circular ring, the filter membrane can be pulled out and replaced without tools, and the operation time is ≤30 seconds. The switching assembly is linked to the discharge valve and the drain valve through the connecting frame. The function can be switched by pulling down and rotating the connecting frame. The spring reset and fluororubber sealing ring ensure that there is no leakage after switching, and the operation efficiency is improved compared with traditional devices.

[0028] Significantly enhanced corrosion resistance and durability: The base is made of 6061 aluminum alloy, milled in one piece and anodized. The material cylinder is made of transparent polycarbonate. The sealing parts of the discharge valve and the drain valve are made of fluororubber sealing rings, which can withstand the corrosion of extracts such as 70% ethanol and 5% formic acid, resulting in a long service life of the device.

[0029] Balancing adaptability and efficiency: The device supports negative pressure assisted filtration, which can shorten the filtration time of high-viscosity extracts; the 0.22μm organic phase filter membrane is precisely adapted to the filtration requirements of allelochemicals, and the through-hole design of the isolation support plate can both support the filter membrane to avoid deformation and guide the filtrate to flow smoothly, ensuring a balance between filtration accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the material cylinder structure in this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting frame in this utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the straight tube structure in this utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the insert plate in this utility model.

[0036] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and attached drawing numbers is as follows: 1. Base; 2. Identifier socket; 3. Material cylinder; 4. Connector; 5. Handle; 6. Discharge valve; 7. Drain pipe; 8. Water pipe; 9. Circular hole; 10. Rod groove; 11. Positioning rod; 12. Slide rod; 13. Connecting frame; 14. Drain valve; 15. Bracket; 16. Connecting ring; 17. Connecting groove; 19. Turntable; 20. Straight pipe; 21. Nozzle; 22. Pipe groove; 23. Threaded groove; 24. Slot; 25. Positioning screw; 26. Annular groove; 27. Plate groove; 28. Insert plate; 29. ​​0.22μm organic phase filter membrane; 30. Circular ring; 31. Protrusion; 32. Isolation support plate; 33. Through groove; 34. Circular groove; 35. Annular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-6 This utility model provides a device for detecting allelochemicals in the peel and leaves of staghorn sumac, which aims to achieve efficient filtration and cross-contamination prevention of allelochemicals in different parts and types of staghorn sumac through a modular structure. The following description will focus on the structural details and workflow.

[0039] This device uses base 1 as the installation foundation and integrates three independent material filtration units, a cleaning component, and a switching component.

[0040] The base 1 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy and is milled in one piece. The surface is anodized, which combines strength and corrosion resistance, and avoids corrosion by staghorn sumac extract (70% ethanol, 5% formic acid).

[0041] Material cylinder 3: made of transparent polycarbonate, making it easy to observe the filtration status of the extract;

[0042] Core components of the filter assembly (insertion plate 28, ring 30, isolation support plate 32): The insertion plate 28 is made of PP plastic, the ring 30 is made of ABS plastic, and the isolation support plate 32 is made of 304 stainless steel (polished surface to prevent impurities from adhering).

[0043] Sealing components: Fluororubber sealing rings (solvent resistant) are used at the connection between the discharge valve 6 and the drain valve 14 and the material cylinder 3. The magnetic sealing surface in the annular groove 35 is made of silicone rubber gasket to ensure no leakage of extract.

[0044] The upper surface of the base 1 has three parallel tube grooves 22 (the inner diameter of which matches the outer diameter of the material cylinder 3) for fixing the material cylinder 3; the threaded groove 23 is threaded with a positioning screw 25. Tightening the positioning screw 25 can fix the insert plate 28 in the slot 24 to ensure the filtration effect.

[0045] Marking and positioning of material cylinder 3: Each material cylinder 3 has an integrally formed marking slot 2 on its outer wall (a paper marking card can be inserted to mark "leaf-flavonoid", "peel-flavonoid", "peel-phenolic acid") to facilitate the differentiation of different sample types; a plate groove 27 is opened on the lower end of the material cylinder 3 facing forward, and an annular slot 26 is opened on the inner wall. The plate groove 27 is flush with the slot 24 on the front surface of the base 1, and the annular slot 26 is flush with the plate groove 27, ensuring that the insertion plate 28 of the subsequent filter assembly can be accurately inserted and aligned with the material cylinder 3.

[0046] The cleaning assembly is used to perform directional high-pressure cleaning of the upper connectors 4 of the three material cylinders 3 to avoid cross-contamination. The specific structure is as follows:

[0047] Connector 4 and connecting groove 17: Each material cylinder 3 has a bent connector 4 fixed at the top end by hot melt welding. The two connectors 4 on the right side are both through with connecting groove 17. The right side of the connector 4 on the left side is provided with a connecting groove 17 of the same specification but not through. The three connecting grooves 17 are coaxially arranged for installing straight pipe 20.

[0048] Straight pipe 20 and nozzle 21: The straight pipe 20 is rotatably connected in the connecting groove 17. Three sets of nozzles 21 (four nozzles in each set arranged in a ring array) are integrally formed on the straight pipe 20. The three sets of nozzles 21 correspond to the internal space of the three connectors 4 respectively, ensuring that the cleaning fluid can cover the inner wall of the connector 4. The right end of the straight pipe 20 extends to the outside of the left connector 4 and is fixedly installed with a turntable 19. Manually rotating the turntable 19 can drive the straight pipe 20 to rotate and adjust the spray angle of the nozzles 21 so that the nozzles can cover the inner wall of the connector 4 and the material cylinder 3.

[0049] Pipeline support and connection: A connecting ring 16 is rotatably sleeved in the middle of the straight pipe 20. A bracket 15 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting ring 16 by bolts. The bottom of the bracket 15 is welded to the upper surface of the base 1 to ensure that the straight pipe 20 is stable and without deviation when rotating. The left end of the straight pipe 20 is connected to the water pipe 8 through a flange. A high-pressure water pump is connected to the right side of the water pipe 8 to provide power for cleaning.

[0050] The switching component is used to control the discharge of filtrate and cleaning waste liquid from material cylinder 3. The specific structure is as follows:

[0051] Integration of discharge valve 6 and drain valve 14: The three discharge valves 6 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the three material cylinders 3. Fluororubber sealing rings are installed at the connection points. The upward pulling force applied to the discharge valves 6 by the spring ensures that there is no leakage. The three discharge valves 6 and the three drain valves 14 are welded and fixed by the connecting frame 13 (made of stainless steel and in the form of a rectangular frame) to form a synchronous linkage structure.

[0052] Guiding and resetting of connecting frame 13: A slide rod 12 and two positioning rods 11 are welded to the upper surface of the connecting frame 13. The slide rod 12 is movably sleeved in the rod groove 10 of the base 1, and the two positioning rods 11 are movably sleeved in the two round holes 9 of the base 1, respectively, to realize the vertical guidance of the connecting frame 13. A spring is sleeved on the slide rod 12. The spring is located between the baffle at the top of the slide rod 12 and the connecting frame 13, and the spring is always in a compressed state to provide an upward resetting force for the connecting frame 13, ensuring that the discharge valve 6 and the material cylinder 3 are tightly sleeved. When it is necessary to switch the discharge valve 6 and the drain valve 14, pull down the connecting frame 13 to make the discharge valve 6 disengage from the lower end of the material cylinder 3. When the positioning rod 11 disengages from the round hole 9, the connecting frame 13 can be rotated to make the drain valve 14 align with the material cylinder 3. Then, the positioning rod 11 is reset to re-insert into the round hole 9. The spring and the fluororubber sealing ring are used to complete the sealing and position limitation, which can quickly switch the drain valve 14 and the discharge valve 6.

[0053] Integration of sewage pipeline: The bottom of the three sewage valves 14 is fixedly connected to the sewage pipe 7 through a three-way pipe (stainless steel material). The cleaning waste liquid is collected by the sewage valves 14 and discharged into the sewage pipe 7, and finally discharged into the laboratory waste liquid collection tank.

[0054] The filtration assembly is used to achieve precise filtration of the extract. Each material cylinder 3 corresponds to one set of filtration assemblies, and the specific structure is as follows:

[0055] The insert plate 28 is slidably inserted into the slot 24 of the base 1. A handle 5 is welded to the front end of the insert plate 28. The middle part of the insert plate 28 has a circular through hole for the insertion of the positioning screw 25. The rear end is a semi-circular end. A circular groove 34 is formed on the upper surface of the semi-circular end. A through groove 33 is formed at the bottom of the circular groove 34. An isolation support plate 32 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the through groove 33. The isolation support plate 32 has evenly distributed through holes for supporting the filter membrane and guiding the filtrate through.

[0056] Magnetic fixation of the filter membrane: The circular ring 30 is snapped into the circular groove 34, and a 0.22μm organic phase filter membrane 29 (suitable for filtering pyrrolizum tarragon allelochemical extract) is placed between the circular ring 30 and the bottom of the circular groove 34; the inner ring surface of the circular ring 30 has an integrally formed annular array of protrusions 31, which facilitates manual removal of the circular ring 30; both the bottom of the circular groove 34 and the bottom surface of the circular ring 30 have an annular groove 35, and a ring of iron plates is embedded and fixed in the annular groove 35 at the bottom of the circular groove 34. A ring of neodymium iron boron strong magnets is embedded and fixed in the annular groove 35 of the circular ring 30. Through the attraction force between the magnets and the iron plates, the circular ring 30 and the filter membrane 29 can be quickly fixed, and the filter membrane can be assembled and replaced without tools.

[0057] The working process of the device:

[0058] Taking the simultaneous detection of flavonoid extracts from staghorn leaves, flavonoid extracts from pericarps, and phenolic acid extracts from pericarps as an example, the workflow is as follows:

[0059] (a) Pre-assembly of the equipment:

[0060] Insert the identification card into identification slot 2 (label the corresponding sample type);

[0061] Assemble the filter membrane: Pull out the insert plate 28 by holding the handle 5, put the 0.22μm organic phase filter membrane 29 into the circular groove 34 at the rear end of the insert plate 28, and insert the ring 30 into the circular groove 34 and fix it by magnetic adsorption; reinsert the insert plate 28 into the slot 24, ensuring that the semi-circular end of the insert plate 28 is inserted into the annular groove 26 of the material cylinder 3, and the filter membrane 29 is located directly below the material cylinder 3;

[0062] Connecting pipelines: Connect the left end of water pipe 8 to the high-pressure water pump, connect the lower end of sewage pipe 7 to the waste liquid collection tank, and connect the lower ends of the three discharge valves 6 to the filtrate collection bottles of the corresponding samples.

[0063] (ii) Sample filtration:

[0064] Sample addition: Pour the flavonoid extract from the leaves of the torch tree, the flavonoid extract from the peel, and the phenolic acid extract from the peel into the three corresponding material cylinders 3 respectively;

[0065] Negative pressure assisted filtration (optional): If the viscosity of the extract is high (such as flavonoid ethanol extract), a vacuum pump (negative pressure 0.03MPa) can be connected to the back end of the filtrate collection bottle. After the vacuum pump is started, the extract will quickly pass through the filter membrane 29 under negative pressure, flow down through the through holes of the isolation support plate 32, and finally be discharged into the filtrate collection bottle through the open discharge valve 6.

[0066] (III) Component cleaning (to avoid cross-contamination):

[0067] Preparation: Close the discharge valve 6, switch the drain valve 14 to connect the material cylinder 3, open the three drain valves 14, and start the high-pressure water pump;

[0068] Targeted cleaning: Manually rotate turntable 19 to rotate straight pipe 20, so that three sets of nozzles 21 cover the inner walls of three joints 4 respectively; high-pressure cleaning fluid is sprayed from nozzles 21 through water pipe 8 and straight pipe 20, covering the inner wall of joint 4 360° to clean the residual extract; cleaning waste liquid is discharged into waste liquid collection tank through material cylinder 3, drain valve 14 and drain pipe 7;

[0069] Cleaning complete: Turn off the high-pressure water pump and drain valve 14.

[0070] (iv) Filter membrane replacement:

[0071] Once a single filtration is complete, hold handle 5 to pull out insert plate 28, lift ring 30 upwards through protrusion 31 (overcoming magnetic attraction), remove old filter membrane 29, replace with new filter membrane, re-attach and fix ring 30, and insert insert plate 28 back into slot 24. The whole process requires no tools and takes no more than 30 seconds.

[0072] The embodiments of this utility model are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of this utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A device for detecting allelochemicals in the pericarp and leaves of the staghorn sumac, characterized in that: Includes a base (1), on which three pipe grooves (22) are provided, and each of the three pipe grooves (22) is fixedly fitted with a material cylinder (3). Each material cylinder (3) has a bent connector (4) fixed at its upper end. A cleaning assembly is provided between the three connectors (4). The cleaning assembly includes a water pipe (8) and a straight pipe (20). The two ends of the water pipe (8) and the straight pipe (20) that are close to each other are fixedly connected. The lower end of the three material cylinders (3) is provided with a switching assembly, which includes three discharge valves (6) and three drain valves (14). A connecting frame (13) is fixedly connected between the three discharge valves (6) and the three drain valves (14). The front surface of the base (1) has three slots (24), and each of the three slots (24) is equipped with a filter assembly, which includes a plate (28), a ring (30) and an isolation support plate (32). The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with a rod groove (10), two round holes (9) and three threaded grooves (23), and each of the three threaded grooves (23) is threaded with a positioning screw (25).

2. The device for detecting allelochemicals in the pericarp and leaves of the staghorn sumac as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each material cylinder (3) has a fixed marking slot (2) on its outer wall, and each material cylinder (3) has a plate groove (27) on its lower front side. Each material cylinder (3) has an annular groove (26) on its inner wall, and the annular groove (26) is flush with the plate groove (27). Among them, the plate groove (27) is flush with the slot (24).

3. The device for detecting allelochemicals in the pericarp and leaves of the staghorn sumac as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Both connectors (4) on the right side have a connecting groove (17) through them. The right side of the connector (4) on the left side has the same connecting groove (17) but it does not penetrate through it. The straight pipe (20) is rotatably connected in the connecting groove (17). Three sets of nozzles (21) are fixedly installed on the straight pipe (20). Each set of nozzles (21) consists of four nozzles in a ring array. The three sets of nozzles (21) are located in the three connectors (4) respectively. A turntable (19) for manual operation is also fixedly installed on the straight pipe (20). Among them, the water pipe (8) is connected to a high-pressure water pump on the right side, and a connecting ring (16) is rotatably sleeved on the straight pipe (20). A bracket (15) is fixed at the bottom of the connecting ring (16), and the bottom of the bracket (15) is fixed on the base (1).

4. The device for detecting allelochemicals in the pericarp and leaves of the staghorn sumac as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Three discharge valves (6) are respectively connected to the lower ends of three material cylinders (3), and the connection is sealed. A slide rod (12) and two positioning rods (11) are fixedly connected to the connecting frame (13). A spring is sleeved on the slide rod (12), and a baffle is fixed on the top of the slide rod (12). The slide rod (12) is movably sleeved in the rod groove (10), and the two positioning rods (11) are respectively sleeved in two round holes (9). The spring is located between the baffle and the connecting frame (13) and is in a compressed state. The bottom of the three drain valves (14) is fixedly connected to the drain pipe (7) through a tee.

5. The device for detecting allelochemicals in the pericarp and leaves of the staghorn sumac as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The middle part of the insert plate (28) has a hole, the rear end of the insert plate (28) is a semi-circular end and the upper surface has a circular groove (34), the bottom of the circular groove (34) has a circular through groove (33), the ring (30) is stuck in the circular groove (34), and the isolation support plate (32) is fixed at the bottom of the through groove (33). The isolation support plate (32) has evenly distributed through holes.

6. The device for detecting allelochemicals in the pericarp and leaves of the staghorn sumac as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A 0.22 μm organic phase filter membrane (29) is placed between the bottom of the circular ring (30) and the circular groove (34), and the inner ring surface of the circular ring (30) is fixed with a ring array of protrusions (31). Among them, the bottom of the circular groove (34) and the bottom surface of the circular ring (30) are also provided with a ring groove (35).

7. The device for detecting allelochemicals in the pericarp and leaves of the staghorn sumac as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A ring of neodymium iron boron strong magnets is fixedly embedded in the annular groove (35) on the ring (30), and a ring of iron plates is fixedly embedded in the annular groove (35) at the bottom of the round groove (34). A handle (5) is fixedly connected to the front end of the insert plate (28).

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