Shield machine capable of realizing synchronous operation of dismantling and building of retired shield tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shield machine that can realize the synchronous operation of dismantling and newly building the retired shield tunnel, which comprises a front shield body, a segment dismantling machine, a rear shield body, a segment assembling machine, a propulsion system and a hinged mechanism, the front shield body is movably connected with the rear shield body through the hinged mechanism to form a shield body structure, the front shield body and the rear shield body are arranged in sequence along the tunneling direction of the shield body structure, the segment dismantling machine is installed in the front shield body and can grab the old tunnel segment to be dismantled, the propulsion system and the segment assembling machine are installed in the rear shield body, the segment assembling machine can grab the new tunnel segment and install it into the newly built tunnel, and the propulsion system can support the installed new tunnel segment. The utility model relates to the technical field of shield tunnel construction and can solve the problems of large environmental disturbance, low operation efficiency, high safety risk and high construction cost caused by the dismantling and newly building of the shield tunnel under the open-cut condition in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shield tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a shield machine that can realize the simultaneous operation of demolition and construction of decommissioned shield tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] As urban underground space development enters the era of stock renewal, early-built shield tunnels face large-scale renovation needs due to aging materials, outdated functions, or planning upgrades. Even shield tunnels not yet at the end of their service life may need to be demolished and rebuilt due to line expansion, structural defects, or upgrades to seismic standards. Traditional construction methods, such as "open-cut excavation and backfilling" or "mechanical crushing + manual clearing," employ unidirectional tunneling to demolish and rebuild the tunnel first. This approach is neither suitable for existing tunnel space constraints nor does it have the ability to coordinate and control in-situ demolition and reconstruction.

[0003] Traditional construction methods reveal three major systemic defects during construction: First, severe ground disturbance seriously threatens the safety of surrounding pipelines and buildings; second, low resource recycling rate, with uncontrollable recycling rates due to breakage and pollution of reinforced concrete segments; and third, lengthy replacement cycles, with demolition and reconstruction of a single kilometer of tunnel taking 12-18 months, creating a sharp contradiction with the "uninterrupted operation" requirements of urban underground transportation, resulting in low work efficiency, high construction costs, and difficulties in coordinating large equipment operations when demolishing decommissioned tunnels by blasting / fragmentation in narrow tunnels.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a tunnel boring machine (TBM) that can simultaneously demolish and rebuild decommissioned TBMs, which can solve the problems of large environmental disturbances, low operational efficiency, high safety risks, and high construction costs caused by demolishing and rebuilding TBMs under open-cut conditions in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a shield machine that can realize the simultaneous operation of demolition and construction of decommissioned shield tunnels, which can solve the problems of large environmental disturbance, low operation efficiency, high safety risks and high construction costs caused by the prior demolition and subsequent construction of shield tunnels under open-cut conditions in the existing technology.

[0006] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) capable of simultaneously dismantling and constructing a new tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes a front shield, a segment removal machine, a rear shield, a segment assembly machine, a propulsion system, and a hinge mechanism. The front shield is movably connected to the rear shield via the hinge mechanism to form a shield structure, with the front and rear shields arranged sequentially along the tunneling direction of the shield structure. The segment removal machine is installed inside the front shield and can grab the old tunnel segments to be dismantled. The propulsion system and the segment assembly machine are installed inside the rear shield. The segment assembly machine grabs new tunnel segments and installs them into the new tunnel, while the propulsion system supports the installed new tunnel segments.

[0008] The segment removal machine includes a removal machine base, an adjustment component, a translation cylinder, and a support body. One end of the removal machine base is fixedly installed inside the front shield body, and the adjustment component is installed on the other end of the removal machine base, so that the adjustment component is coaxially located inside the front shield body and extends to the front end of the front shield body. Several sliding grooves are formed on the adjustment component, and a support body is slidably provided in each sliding groove through the translation cylinder. The support body can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment to be removed.

[0009] The adjustment assembly includes a fixed cylinder, a front rotating cylinder, and a rear rotating cylinder. The front and rear rotating cylinders are respectively rotatably fitted onto the fixed cylinder and can move and adjust along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder. The outer wall of the front rotating cylinder has several front sliding grooves spaced parallel to its axial direction, and the outer wall of the rear rotating cylinder has several rear sliding grooves spaced parallel to its axial direction, so that each front and rear sliding groove can be aligned to form a sliding groove. The fixed end of the translation cylinder is fixedly installed at the rear end of the rear sliding groove, and the telescopic end of the translation cylinder can be movably connected to one end of the support body, so that the support body can be slidably set in the front and rear sliding grooves through the translation cylinder.

[0010] The front rotating cylinder is located inside the decommissioned tunnel where the old tunnel segments to be removed are located, and the rear rotating cylinder is located inside the decommissioned tunnel where the old tunnel segments have already been removed. When the support body is slidably installed in the front slide groove via a translation cylinder, the other end of the support body can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment to be removed. When the support body is slidably installed in the rear slide groove via a translation cylinder, the other end of the support body places the disassembled old tunnel segment inside the front shield body.

[0011] The support structure includes a sliding base, a support cylinder, a ball joint, and a segment holder; the telescopic end of the translation cylinder can be detachably connected to the rear end of the sliding base, allowing the sliding base to be slidably installed in the front or rear sliding groove; the fixed end of the support cylinder is installed on the sliding base, and the support cylinder is arranged radially along the decommissioned tunnel; the segment holder is installed on the telescopic end of the support cylinder via a ball joint, and the segment holder can grip the inner wall of the old tunnel segment to be dismantled.

[0012] The segment holder is an arc-shaped structure that matches the shape of the old tunnel segments, so that the side of the segment holder away from the supporting cylinder can be completely attached to the inner wall of the old tunnel segments by ball joint.

[0013] The number of the supports is the same as the number of old tunnel segments in the first ring of segments in the decommissioned tunnel, and the number of the front chute, the rear chute, and the supports is the same.

[0014] The front shield body includes a front shield main shell, a front shield support ring disposed on the inner wall of the rear part of the front shield main shell, and a front shield overlapping ring disposed at the rear end of the front shield main shell; the front shield main shell is movably connected to the rear shield body through the front shield overlapping ring via a hinge mechanism; the demolition machine base is installed on the front shield support ring, so that the demolition machine base is horizontally cantilevered and installed in the front shield main shell along the axial direction of the front shield main shell.

[0015] The rear shield body includes a rear shield main shell and a rear shield overlapping ring disposed at the front end of the rear shield main shell; the rear shield overlapping ring and the front shield overlapping ring are movably connected by a hinge mechanism.

[0016] The articulation mechanism includes a base fixing end and an articulation cylinder. The fixing end of the articulation cylinder is installed on the rear inner wall of the front shield main shell through the base fixing end and is located in front of the front shield overlapping ring. The piston rod of the articulation cylinder is installed on the front inner wall of the rear shield main shell through the base fixing end and is located behind the rear shield overlapping ring, so that the articulation cylinder is located inside the overlapping section of the front shield overlapping ring and the rear shield overlapping ring.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. This utility model installs a segment demolition machine inside the front shield and a segment assembly machine inside the rear shield. Thus, during the tunnel boring machine's excavation, the segment demolition machine removes the old tunnel segments in the decommissioned tunnel, while the segment assembly machine assembles the new tunnel segments in the newly built tunnel. This allows for the simultaneous demolition of the decommissioned tunnel and the construction of the new tunnel, which is beneficial for improving construction efficiency, reducing construction costs and risks, and minimizing environmental disturbance.

[0019] 2. In terms of spatial dimension, this utility model disassembles old tunnel segments into units, which can solve the problem of large equipment working together in narrow tunnels compared with traditional blasting / fracture processes; in terms of time dimension, by reconstructing the "dismantling-transportation-assembly" assembly line, the gap between processes is compressed to the shortest possible time, ensuring construction progress; in terms of resource dimension, by relying on the integrity of old tunnel segments for recycling and reuse, it promotes the transformation of underground engineering from "demolition and construction energy consumption" to "resource closed loop". Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel boring machine that enables simultaneous operation of demolition and construction of decommissioned and newly built tunnels according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the tunnel segment removal machine in the shield machine, which enables simultaneous operation of decommissioned shield tunnel demolition and new construction according to this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Section 1-1.

[0023] In the diagram, 1 represents the old tunnel segment, 2 represents the new tunnel segment, 31 represents the demolition machine base, 32 represents the translation cylinder, 33 represents the support body, 331 represents the sliding base, 332 represents the support cylinder, 333 represents the ball joint, 334 represents the segment seat, 34 represents the fixed cylinder, 35 represents the front rotating cylinder, 36 represents the rear rotating cylinder, 37 represents the front chute, 38 represents the rear chute, 41 represents the front shield main shell, 42 represents the annular cutter, 43 represents the shield head brush, 44 represents the front shield support ring, 45 represents the front shield overlapping ring, 51 represents the rear shield main shell, 52 represents the rear shield overlapping ring, 53 represents the rear shield support ring, 54 represents the shield tail brush, 55 represents the grouting pipe, 6 represents the segment assembly machine, 7 represents the propulsion system, 81 represents the base fixed end, 82 represents the articulated cylinder, 9 represents the segment transport vehicle, and 10 represents the segment demolition machine. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 A tunnel boring machine (TBM) capable of simultaneously dismantling and constructing new decommissioned TBM tunnels includes a front shield, a segment dismantling machine 10, a rear shield, a segment assembling machine 6, a propulsion system 7, and a hinge mechanism. The front shield is movably connected to the rear shield via the hinge mechanism to form a shield structure. The front and rear shields are arranged sequentially front and rear along the tunneling direction of the shield structure (based on the tunneling direction of the TBM). Figure 1 (The arrows in the diagram indicate forward and backward directions). The segment removal machine 10 is installed inside the front shield and can grab the old tunnel segments 1 to be removed. The propulsion system 7 and the segment assembly machine 6 are installed inside the rear shield. The segment assembly machine grabs the new tunnel segments 2 and installs them into the newly built tunnel. The propulsion system 7 can support the installed new tunnel segments 2.

[0026] The front and rear shields are movably connected by a hinge mechanism. As the shield structure of the tunnel boring machine, during the tunneling process, the segment removal machine 10 removes the old tunnel segments 1 to be removed in the decommissioned tunnel, while the segment assembly machine 6 installs the new tunnel segments 2 in the newly built tunnel. This achieves the simultaneous removal of the old tunnel segments 1 in the decommissioned tunnel and the installation of the new tunnel segments 2 in the newly built tunnel, thereby improving construction efficiency and reducing construction risks and costs.

[0027] After the new tunnel segment 2 is installed, the propulsion system 7 pushes against the new tunnel segment 2, providing a reaction force for the tunnel boring machine and propelling it forward.

[0028] A connection structure is reserved on the inner wall of the old tunnel segment 1 for the segment removal machine 10 to grab, so that the segment removal machine 10 can stably grab the old tunnel segment 1 during the removal process, avoid falling accidents after removal, and move it into the decommissioned tunnel by the segment removal machine 10, so that the removed old tunnel segment 1 can be transported out of the decommissioned tunnel by the segment transport vehicle 9.

[0029] A connection structure is pre-installed on the inner wall of the new tunnel segment 2 for the segment assembly machine 6 to grip, so as to ensure stable gripping of the new tunnel segment 2 during installation and prevent falling accidents. Pre-installing connection structures on the segments is a standard practice in this field, and appropriate connection structures can be adaptively reserved according to the gripping requirements of the old tunnel segment 1 and the new tunnel segment 2, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 2 The segment removal machine 10 includes a removal machine base 31, an adjustment component, a translation cylinder 32, and a support body 33. One end of the removal machine base 31 is fixedly installed inside the front shield body, and the adjustment component is installed on the other end of the removal machine base 31, so that the adjustment component is coaxially located inside the front shield body and extends to the front end of the front shield body. Several sliding grooves are formed on the adjustment component, and the support body 33 is slidably provided in each sliding groove through the translation cylinder 32. The support body 33 can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment 1 to be removed.

[0031] Preferably, the translation cylinder 32 can be a hydraulic cylinder of existing technology, and the specifications and models of the hydraulic cylinder can be adapted to the actual use requirements. The translation cylinder 32 is used to push the support body 33 to move along the axial direction of the decommissioned tunnel, thereby moving the support body 33 to the inside of the old tunnel segment 1 to be demolished, and after the old tunnel segment 1 is demolished, moving the support body 33 into the decommissioned tunnel where the old tunnel segment 1 has been demolished.

[0032] The demolition machine base 31 is used for the installation of the segment demolition machine 10 in the front shield body, thereby facilitating the demolition operation of the old tunnel segments 1. The structure and installation form of the demolition machine base 31 can be adapted to the actual installation requirements.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 2The adjustment assembly includes a fixed cylinder 34, a front rotating cylinder 35, and a rear rotating cylinder 36. The front rotating cylinder 35 and the rear rotating cylinder 36 are respectively rotated and sleeved on the fixed cylinder 34 and can be adjusted by moving along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder 34. The outer wall of the front rotating cylinder 35 has several front sliding grooves 37 spaced parallel to its axial direction, and the outer wall of the rear rotating cylinder 36 has several rear sliding grooves 38 spaced parallel to its axial direction, so that each front sliding groove 37 and rear sliding groove 38 can be aligned to form a sliding groove. The fixed end of the translation cylinder 32 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the rear sliding groove 38, and the telescopic end of the translation cylinder 32 can be movably connected to one end of the support body 33, so that the support body 33 is slidably set in the front sliding groove 37 and the rear sliding groove 38 through the translation cylinder 32.

[0034] The fixed cylinder 34, the demolition machine base 31, and the front shield are fixedly connected and relatively stationary. Preferably, the inner diameters of the front rotating cylinder 35 and the rear rotating cylinder 36 match the outer diameter of the fixed cylinder 34. The front rotating cylinder 35 and the rear rotating cylinder 36 can be fitted onto the fixed cylinder 34 and axially rotated by means of threaded rotation, so that the front rotating cylinder 35 is located inside the old tunnel segment 1 to be demolished, and the rear rotating cylinder 36 is located inside the decommissioned tunnel of the old tunnel segment 1 that has been demolished. The length of the fixed cylinder 34 is greater than the sum of the lengths of the front rotating cylinder 35 and the rear rotating cylinder 36 to facilitate the axial rotation adjustment of the front rotating cylinder 35 and the rear rotating cylinder 36 relative to the fixed cylinder 34.

[0035] Meanwhile, since most tunnel segments are assembled in a staggered manner, when dismantling the old tunnel segment 1 in each ring, the rotation of the front rotating cylinder 35 and the rear rotating cylinder 36 relative to the fixed cylinder 34 can be used to align the chute and the support body 33 with the old tunnel segment 1 to be dismantled in each ring. After dismantling the old tunnel segment 1, the rotation of the rear rotating cylinder 36 can rotate the old tunnel segment 1 to the bottom of the decommissioned tunnel, and then the support body 33 can be released to grip the old tunnel segment 1, thereby placing the old tunnel segment 1 at the bottom of the front shield, making it easier for the segment transport vehicle 9 to transport the old tunnel segment 1 out of the decommissioned tunnel.

[0036] Please see the appendix Figure 1 The front rotating cylinder 35 is located inside the decommissioned tunnel of the old tunnel segment 1 to be dismantled, and the rear rotating cylinder 36 is located inside the decommissioned tunnel of the old tunnel segment 1 that has been dismantled; when the support body 33 is slidably set in the front slide groove 37 by the translation cylinder 32, the other end of the support body 33 can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment 1 to be dismantled; when the support body 33 is slidably set in the rear slide groove 38 by the translation cylinder 32, the other end of the support body 33 places the dismantled old tunnel segment 1 into the front shield body.

[0037] Please see the appendix Figure 3The number of the support bodies 33 is the same as the number of the old tunnel segments 1 in the first ring of segments in the decommissioned tunnel, and the number of the front chute 37, the rear chute 38 and the support bodies 33 are the same.

[0038] The front chute 37, the rear chute 38 and the support body 33 are set up in groups, and the number of groups and the spacing between them can be determined according to the number and size of the old tunnel segments 1 to be demolished in each ring.

[0039] Please see the appendix Figure 3 In a tunnel to be demolished, each ring has five old tunnel segments 1 of different sizes. Five sets of front chute 37, rear chute 38 and support body 33 are set up accordingly. The interval angle between two adjacent sets of support bodies 33 is not equal. Each set of support bodies 33 can just grab the middle of the old tunnel segment 1 at the corresponding position to ensure the stability of the old tunnel segment 1 when it is demolished and to ensure construction safety.

[0040] Please see the appendix Figure 2 The support 33 includes a sliding base 331, a support cylinder 332, a ball joint 333, and a segment seat 334. The telescopic end of the translation cylinder 32 can be detachably connected to the rear end of the sliding base 331, so that the sliding base 331 can be slidably set in the front slide groove 37 or the rear slide groove 38. The fixed end of the support cylinder 332 is installed on the sliding base 331. The support cylinder 332 is arranged radially along the decommissioned tunnel. The segment seat 334 is installed on the telescopic end of the support cylinder 332 through the ball joint 333. The segment seat 334 can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment 1 to be demolished.

[0041] Preferably, the support cylinder 332 can be a hydraulic cylinder of existing technology, and the specifications and models of the hydraulic cylinder can be adapted to the actual use requirements. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged radially along the decommissioned tunnel and is used to push the segment seat 334 toward the inner wall of the decommissioned tunnel and grab the old tunnel segment 1 to be dismantled or to move the dismantled old tunnel segment 1 away from the inner wall of the decommissioned tunnel.

[0042] Preferably, the sliding base 331 can slide within the front slide groove 37 and the rear slide groove 38 in the form of a slider and a slide rail, ensuring the stability and controllability of the sliding, so as to adjust the position of the segment seat 334 so that it can grip the inner wall of the old tunnel segment 1.

[0043] Please see the appendix Figure 3 The segment seat 334 is an arc-shaped structure that matches the shape of the old tunnel segment 1, so that the side of the segment seat 334 away from the support cylinder 332 can be completely attached to the inner wall of the old tunnel segment 1 through the ball joint 333.

[0044] The shape and size of the segment holder 334 can be adapted to the shape and size of the old tunnel segment 1 to be demolished, so as to ensure that the segment holder 334 fits completely with the inner wall of the old tunnel segment 1, thereby enabling the segment holder 334 to stably and reliably grip the old tunnel segment 1 and ensure construction safety.

[0045] The ball joint 333 allows the segment holder 334 to rotate relative to the hydraulic cylinder 332, ensuring that the segment holder 334 is fully fitted with the old tunnel segment 1.

[0046] Please see the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 The method and working principle of removing old tunnel segments 1 using segment removal machine 10 are as follows:

[0047] The translation cylinder 32 is located entirely within the rear slide groove 38, and the piston rod of the translation cylinder 32 can be fixedly connected to or separated from the sliding base 331.

[0048] In the initial state, the sliding base 331 is located within the rear slide groove 38 of the rear rotating cylinder 36. The front rotating cylinder 35 and the rear rotating cylinder 36 are rotated and adjusted around the fixed cylinder 34, so that each front slide groove 37 and rear slide groove 38 faces the corresponding old tunnel segment 1 to be demolished. By extending the piston rod of the translation cylinder 32, i.e., the telescopic end, each support 33 is pushed into the front slide groove 37 of the front rotating cylinder 35.

[0049] After the support body 33 is moved into position by the translation cylinder 32 and supports the inner wall of the corresponding old tunnel segment 1 to be removed, the piston rod of each translation cylinder 32 retracts as a whole, separates from the sliding base 331, and returns to the rear slide groove 38 range of the rear rotating cylinder 36. After the old tunnel segment 1 is removed, the piston rod of each translation cylinder 32 is re-extended and connected to the sliding base 331, pulling the corresponding support body 33 back into the rear slide groove 38 range of the rear rotating cylinder 36.

[0050] The rotating cylinder 36 rotates relative to the fixed cylinder 34, unloading the dismantled old tunnel segment 1 onto the bottom of the front shield body, and then transporting the dismantled old tunnel segment 1 away from the decommissioned tunnel by the segment transport vehicle 9. The dismantled old tunnel segment 1 can be recycled and reused intact.

[0051] Please see the appendix Figure 1The front shield body includes a front shield main shell 41, an annular cutter 42 disposed at the front end of the front shield main shell 41, a plurality of shield head brushes 43 disposed on the inner wall of the front part of the front shield main shell 41, a front shield support ring 44 disposed on the inner wall of the rear part of the front shield main shell 41, and a front shield overlapping ring 45 disposed at the rear end of the front shield main shell 41; the front shield main shell 41 is movably connected to the rear shield body through the front shield overlapping ring 45 via a hinge mechanism; the demolition machine base 31 is mounted on the front shield support ring 44, so that the demolition machine base 31 is horizontally cantilevered and mounted inside the front shield main shell 41 along the axial direction of the front shield main shell 41.

[0052] The annular cutter 42 is located at the very front of the main shell of the front shield 41. When the shield tunnels forward, the annular cutter 42 can directly insert into the strata surrounding the tunnel, reducing the tunneling resistance. The working principle and function of the annular cutter 42 and several shield brushes 43 are the same as those of the annular cutter and shield brush in traditional shield tunneling machines, and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Behind the annular cutter 42, inside the main shell 41 of the front shield, a shield head brush 43 (generally more than two are required) is installed. The shield head brush 43 is located within the ring preceding the segment ring currently being dismantled. Shield head grease is filled between two adjacent shield head brushes 43 to effectively fill and seal the gap between the front shield body and the decommissioned tunnel, ensuring that the ground soil does not flow into the front shield body and cause a blowout accident when the shield advances.

[0054] Please see the appendix Figure 1 The rear shield body includes a rear shield main shell 51, a rear shield overlapping ring 52 disposed at the front end of the rear shield main shell 51, a rear shield support ring 53 disposed on the inner wall of the front part of the rear shield main shell 51, and a shield tail brush 54 disposed on the inner wall of the rear part of the rear shield main shell 51; the rear shield overlapping ring 52 and the front shield overlapping ring 45 are movably connected by a hinge mechanism; the segment assembly machine 6 is installed in the middle of the rear shield support ring 53, and the propulsion system 7 is installed on the rear shield support ring 53 and can support the newly installed tunnel segments 2; the propulsion system 7 is arranged circumferentially around the segment assembly machine 6.

[0055] The front shield main shell 41 and the rear shield main shell 51 constitute the main shell of the shield structure. Its inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the decommissioned tunnel, so as to facilitate the removal of the old tunnel segments 1 in the decommissioned tunnel during the shield excavation process, and the assembly of the new tunnel segments 2 in the newly built tunnel.

[0056] The rear shield overlapping ring 52 is located at the front end of the rear shield main shell 51, and the thickness of the rear shield overlapping ring 52 is slightly less than the thickness of the rear shield main shell 51. The front shield overlapping ring 45 is located at the rear end of the front shield main shell 41, and the thickness of the front shield overlapping ring 45 is slightly less than the thickness of the front shield main shell 41. The rear shield overlapping ring 52 and the front shield overlapping ring 45 overlap to form an overlapping section and are movably connected by a hinge mechanism, so that the rear shield main shell 51 and the front shield main shell 41 are connected to form the main shell of the shield structure.

[0057] The rear of the main shield shell 51 is equipped with tail brushes 54 (generally more than two are required). The tail brushes 54 are located in the ring in front of the segment ring being assembled. The space between two adjacent tail brushes 54 is filled with tail grease, which effectively fills the gap between the rear shield body and the newly built tunnel and plays a sealing role, so as to prevent the ground soil from flowing into the rear shield body and causing a blowout accident when the shield advances.

[0058] Preferably, a grouting pipe 55 is installed inside the tail of the main shell 51 of the shield. During the shield tunneling process, the grouting pipe 55 is used to inject shield tail grout between the new tunnel and the stratum to fill the stratum loss caused by the outer diameter of the shield structure being larger than the outer diameter of the new tunnel.

[0059] The propulsion system 7 consists of several propulsion cylinders arranged circumferentially along the shield tunnel. These cylinders are used to support the newly installed tunnel segments 2, thereby providing reaction force for the shield tunneling and ensuring the shield tunneling construction. Its principle is the same as that of a traditional shield tunneling machine, and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] The segment assembly machine 6 can be a traditional segment assembly machine, used to assemble the new tunnel segments 2. Its working process and working principle are the same as those of the traditional segment assembly machine, and will not be described in detail here.

[0061] Please see the appendix Figure 1 The hinge mechanism includes a base fixing end 81 and a hinge cylinder 82. The fixing end of the hinge cylinder 82 is installed on the rear inner wall of the front shield main shell 41 through the base fixing end 81 and is located in front of the front shield overlapping ring 45. The piston rod of the hinge cylinder 82 is installed on the front inner wall of the rear shield main shell 51 through the base fixing end 81 and is located behind the rear shield overlapping ring 52, so that the hinge cylinder 82 is located inside the overlapping section of the front shield overlapping ring 45 and the rear shield overlapping ring 52.

[0062] The extension, retraction, and rotation of the piston rod of the articulated hydraulic cylinder 82 allow the front shield to move relative to the rear shield, ensuring a uniform circumferential gap distribution between the front end of the front shield and the decommissioned tunnel, thus preventing jamming.

[0063] Preferably, the articulated cylinder 82 can be a hydraulic articulated cylinder of the prior art, whose piston rod can extend, retract and rotate relative to the cylinder body within a certain range, thereby ensuring the relative movement between the front and rear shields, and also ensuring the reliable overlapping between the front shield overlapping ring 45 and the rear shield overlapping ring 52.

[0064] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel boring machine capable of simultaneously dismantling decommissioned and constructing new tunnels, characterized in that: It includes a front shield, a segment removal machine (10), a rear shield, a segment assembly machine (6), a propulsion system (7), and a hinge mechanism; the front shield is movably connected to the rear shield through the hinge mechanism to form a shield structure, and the front shield and the rear shield are arranged sequentially front and rear along the tunneling direction of the shield structure; the segment removal machine (10) is installed in the front shield, and the segment removal machine (10) can grab the old tunnel segment (1) to be removed; the propulsion system (7) and the segment assembly machine (6) are installed in the rear shield, and the segment assembly machine grabs the new tunnel segment (2) and installs it into the newly built tunnel, and the propulsion system (7) can support the installed new tunnel segment (2).

2. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, capable of simultaneous operation of decommissioned and newly constructed tunnel boring machines, is characterized in that: The segment removal machine (10) includes a removal machine base (31), an adjustment component, a translation cylinder (32), and a support body (33). One end of the removal machine base (31) is fixedly installed in the front shield body, and the adjustment component is installed on the other end of the removal machine base (31), so that the adjustment component is coaxially located in the front shield body and extends to the front end of the front shield body. Several sliding grooves are formed on the adjustment component, and the support body (33) is slidably provided in each sliding groove through the translation cylinder (32). The support body (33) can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment (1) to be removed.

3. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, which enables simultaneous operation of decommissioned and newly constructed tunnel boring machines, is characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a fixed cylinder (34), a front rotating cylinder (35), and a rear rotating cylinder (36). The front rotating cylinder (35) and the rear rotating cylinder (36) are respectively rotated and sleeved on the fixed cylinder (34) and can be adjusted along the axial direction of the fixed cylinder (34). The outer wall of the front rotating cylinder (35) is provided with several front sliding grooves (37) spaced parallel to its axial direction, and the outer wall of the rear rotating cylinder (36) is provided with several rear sliding grooves (38) spaced parallel to its axial direction, so that each front sliding groove (37) and rear sliding groove (38) can be aligned to form a sliding groove. The fixed end of the translation cylinder (32) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the rear sliding groove (38), and the telescopic end of the translation cylinder (32) can be movably connected to one end of the support body (33), so that the support body (33) can be slidably set in the front sliding groove (37) and the rear sliding groove (38) through the translation cylinder (32).

4. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, which enables simultaneous operation of decommissioned and newly constructed tunnel boring machines, is characterized in that: The front rotating cylinder (35) is located in the decommissioned tunnel of the old tunnel segment (1) to be demolished, and the rear rotating cylinder (36) is located in the decommissioned tunnel of the old tunnel segment (1) that has been demolished. When the support body (33) is slidably installed in the front slide groove (37) by the translation cylinder (32), the other end of the support body (33) can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment (1) to be demolished; When the support body (33) is slidably installed in the rear slide groove (38) by the translation cylinder (32), the other end of the support body (33) places the disassembled old tunnel segment (1) into the front shield body.

5. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, capable of simultaneous operation of decommissioning and constructing new tunnels, is characterized in that: The support body (33) includes a sliding base (331), a support cylinder (332), a ball joint (333), and a segment seat (334). The telescopic end of the translation cylinder (32) can be detachably connected to the rear end of the sliding base (331), so that the sliding base (331) can be slidably set in the front slide groove (37) or the rear slide groove (38). The fixed end of the support cylinder (332) is installed on the sliding base (331). The support cylinder (332) is arranged radially along the decommissioned tunnel. The segment seat (334) is installed on the telescopic end of the support cylinder (332) through the ball joint (333). The segment seat (334) can grab the inner wall of the old tunnel segment (1) to be demolished.

6. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, capable of simultaneous operation of decommissioning and constructing new tunnels, is characterized in that: The segment seat (334) is an arc-shaped structure that matches the shape of the old tunnel segment (1), so that the side of the segment seat (334) away from the support cylinder (332) can be completely attached to the inner wall of the old tunnel segment (1) through the ball joint (333).

7. The tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 2-5, capable of simultaneous operation of decommissioned and newly constructed tunnel boring machines, is characterized in that: The number of the support (33) is the same as the number of the old tunnel segments (1) in the first ring of the decommissioned tunnel, and the number of the front chute (37), the rear chute (38) and the support (33) is the same.

8. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, which enables simultaneous operation of decommissioned and newly constructed tunnel boring machines, is characterized in that: The front shield body includes a front shield main shell (41), a front shield support ring (44) disposed on the inner wall of the rear part of the front shield main shell (41), and a front shield overlapping ring (45) disposed at the rear end of the front shield main shell (41); the front shield main shell (41) is movably connected to the rear shield body through the front shield overlapping ring (45) via a hinge mechanism; the demolition machine base (31) is installed on the front shield support ring (44), so that the demolition machine base (31) is horizontally cantilevered and installed in the front shield main shell (41) along the axial direction of the front shield main shell (41).

9. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 8, capable of simultaneous operation of decommissioning and constructing new tunnels, is characterized in that: The rear shield body includes a rear shield main shell (51) and a rear shield overlapping ring (52) disposed at the front end of the rear shield main shell (51); the rear shield overlapping ring (52) and the front shield overlapping ring (45) are movably connected by a hinge mechanism.

10. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, capable of simultaneous operation of decommissioning and constructing new tunnels, is characterized in that: The articulation mechanism includes a base fixing end (81) and an articulation cylinder (82). The fixing end of the articulation cylinder (82) is installed on the rear inner wall of the front shield main shell (41) through the base fixing end (81) and is located in front of the front shield overlapping ring (45). The piston rod of the articulation cylinder (82) is installed on the front inner wall of the rear shield main shell (51) through the base fixing end (81) and is located behind the rear shield overlapping ring (52), so that the articulation cylinder (82) is located inside the overlapping section of the front shield overlapping ring (45) and the rear shield overlapping ring (52).

Images