Composite gasket with dovetail joint skeleton and double-lip seal structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a skeleton dovetail splicing double seal rubber strip composite sealing gasket, including annular skeleton and rubber inner ring. Skeleton is spliced by dovetail tenon groove structure through the only positioning boss groove of a plurality of sections, effectively prevents mistake and saves material greatly. Inner ring is equipped with two sealing lips of main and auxiliary, and the flow guide groove between the lips is communicated with the leakage detection signal hole of skeleton, realizes leakage monitoring. There is no rubber layer in bolt hole position, and torque attenuation is eliminated. The positioning groove with barb of inner wall of skeleton enhances rubber binding force. The utility model integrates the advantages of light weight, low cost, high reliability, mistake proofing and leak detection, and is especially suitable for sealing of industrial equipment under high pressure, high temperature or vibration working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical sealing devices, specifically relating to a composite sealing gasket with a dovetail splicing skeleton and a double-lip sealing structure, which is particularly suitable for sealing equipment such as automobile engines, high-speed rail transmission systems, and oil drilling machinery that need to withstand high temperatures, high pressures, and vibration conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In the industrial field, gaskets are commonly used to seal the mating surfaces of flanges, end caps, and other components. Traditional gaskets mainly fall into two categories: one is all-rubber gaskets, which, although possessing a certain degree of elasticity, are prone to compression deformation and creep relaxation under high pressure, leading to a decrease in sealing pressure and poor high-temperature resistance; the other is metal gaskets or metal-coated gaskets, which, while able to withstand high temperatures and pressures, have poor ability to compensate for unevenness in the mating surfaces, require high surface finish, and are prone to leakage under vibration conditions.

[0003] Existing technologies also include gaskets with metal skeletons and rubber composites, but these skeletons are mostly integral structures. For non-annular or large-sized sealing surfaces, this results in significant material waste and high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, common composite gaskets often use a single sealing lip; if this lip fails, leakage occurs immediately, indicating insufficient safety redundancy. In addition, traditional interlocking skeletons lack effective anti-misassembly designs, making them prone to sealing failure due to incorrect segment sequence or orientation during installation. They also lack online leak detection capabilities, making early warning impossible.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of composite sealing structure that can take into account lightweight, low cost, high reliability, prevention of misassembly, and condition monitoring capabilities. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem solved by this utility model: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a composite sealing gasket with a dovetail splicing skeleton and a double-lip sealing structure. Its core purpose is to achieve material saving, prevent installation errors, provide double sealing protection and allow real-time leakage monitoring through a unique dovetail splicing skeleton and double sealing lip design, thereby significantly improving the reliability and service life of the seal.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A composite sealing gasket with a dovetail splicing frame and a double-lip sealing structure includes an annular frame and an inner ring; the frame has a material passage hole for medium flow at its center, and the inner ring is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the frame surrounding the material passage hole.

[0007] Further defining the above scheme, the skeleton is composed of at least two skeleton segments joined together by a dovetail joint structure; the cross-section of the dovetail joint structure is trapezoidal, and a positioning boss groove is provided on the structure; the positioning boss groove structures on each skeleton segment are different from each other, so that each skeleton segment can only be joined in a unique predetermined order and direction.

[0008] Further defining the above scheme, the inner ring is an integral double-ring structure composed of a main sealing lip and an auxiliary sealing lip, wherein the main sealing lip and the auxiliary sealing lip protrude from the inner wall of the skeleton in a spaced-apart and parallel manner; and an annular guide groove is formed between the main sealing lip and the auxiliary sealing lip.

[0009] As a further limitation of the above scheme, at least one leak detection signal hole is provided on the skeleton, one end of the leak detection signal hole is connected to the guide groove, and the other end is connected to the outside of the skeleton.

[0010] Further defining the above scheme, the cross-sectional shape of the main sealing lip and the auxiliary sealing lip is circular or elliptical, and the top surfaces of both ends of the main sealing lip are higher than those of the auxiliary sealing lip.

[0011] Further defining the above scheme, the skeleton is provided with multiple inner ring positioning grooves spaced apart around its inner hole wall; the cross-section of the inner ring positioning groove is an arc or T-shape larger than a semicircle, and the groove wall of the inner ring positioning groove is formed with barbs for enhancing the connection.

[0012] Further defining the above solution, the frame is provided with multiple bolt holes for installation and fastening, and the frame at the bolt holes is an exposed metal structure without a rubber layer.

[0013] As a further limitation of the above scheme, the skeleton is made of aluminum substrate or stainless steel plate.

[0014] Advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art: 1. This solution offers significant economic benefits: the frame adopts a modular design, resulting in high material utilization and reducing costs by more than 60% compared to a monolithic frame. 2. This solution has high sealing reliability: The dual-lip sealing design provides double protection. Even if the main sealing lip fails, the auxiliary sealing lip can still maintain the seal for a period of time, improving the safety of the system. 3. This solution features anti-misinstallation functionality: The unique positioning boss groove design simplifies the installation process and effectively prevents seal failure caused by human error. 4. This solution can monitor and provide early warning: The combination of the flow guide channel and the leak detection signal hole enables real-time monitoring of the sealing status, which facilitates timely detection of potential problems and enables predictive maintenance; 5. Resistance to torque attenuation: The design of the bolt holes without rubber ensures the stability of the tightening torque and maintains good sealing pressure under long-term operation; 6. This solution has a strong bond: the positioning groove with barbs ensures that the rubber and the skeleton form a strong mechanical fit, avoiding the risk of delamination under harsh working conditions; 7. This solution has a wide range of applications: it is lightweight, resistant to high temperature and high pressure, and suitable for sealing needs in various harsh environments such as automobiles, high-speed rail, and petroleum machinery. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of an irregularly shaped sealing gasket in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 Sectional view of the structure along the AA direction. Figure 3 This utility model Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at the leak detection signal hole; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of section B in the middle; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the C-section structure; Figure 6 This is a front view of another irregularly shaped sealing gasket in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 7 This utility model Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the structure along the DD direction.

[0016] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Skeleton; 2. Inner ring; 2-1. Main sealing lip; 2-2. Auxiliary sealing lip; 2-3. Guide groove; 3. Bolt hole; 4. Material passage hole; 5. Inner ring positioning groove; 6. Dovetail tenon structure; 7. Positioning boss groove; 8. Leak detection signal hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0018] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-7 The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below.

[0020] This utility model provides a composite sealing gasket with a dovetail splicing frame and a double-lip sealing structure, for reference. Figure 1-2 One embodiment of the irregularly shaped sealing gasket is shown, and additionally... Figure 6-7 This is another embodiment of an irregularly shaped sealing gasket. This embodiment uses... Figure 1 The following explanation uses an irregularly shaped sealing gasket as an example.

[0021] See Figure 1 As shown, it includes a ring-shaped skeleton 1 and an inner ring 2. A material passage hole 4 for media flow is opened at the center of the skeleton 1. The inner ring 2 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the skeleton 1 surrounding the material passage hole 4. The skeleton 1 is composed of four arc-shaped skeleton segments joined together by a dovetail tenon structure 6 to form a complete irregular ring. In practical applications, the skeleton 1 can also be adjusted to other regular or irregular shapes according to the shape of the sealing surface. The dovetail tenon structure 6 has a trapezoidal cross-section and a positioning boss groove 7 is provided on this structure. (See reference...) Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the positioning bosses and grooves 7 on each skeleton segment have different structures, ensuring that each skeleton segment can only be assembled according to a unique predetermined order and direction. During assembly, the operator must align the trapezoidal tenon of one skeleton segment with the trapezoidal mortise of another segment. Due to the uniqueness of the positioning bosses and grooves 7, they cannot be inserted if the order or direction is incorrect, thus ensuring that the assembly is absolutely correct.

[0022] See Figure 1 As shown, the frame 1 is made of stamped aluminum alloy sheet, which is both lightweight and corrosion-resistant. Eight bolt holes 3 are evenly distributed on it. At these holes, the frame 1 retains its original metal appearance without any rubber covering.

[0023] The inner ring 2 is formed by bonding hydrogenated nitrile rubber to the skeleton 1 through a high-temperature vulcanization process. (See reference...) Figure 2As shown, the inner ring 2 is designed with an elliptical main sealing lip 2-1 and an elliptical auxiliary sealing lip 2-2. The main sealing lip 2-1 and the auxiliary sealing lip 2-2 protrude parallel to each other from the inner wall of the skeleton 1. The top surfaces of both ends of the main sealing lip 2-1 are higher than those of the auxiliary sealing lip 2-2. Together, they form an integrated double-layer sealing defense line. (See reference...) Figure 3 As shown, an annular guide groove 2-3 is formed between the main sealing lip 2-1 and the auxiliary sealing lip 2-2. A leak detection signal hole 8 is provided on the frame 1. One end of the leak detection signal hole 8 is connected to the guide groove 2-3, and the other end leads to the outside of the frame 1. If the main sealing lip 2-1 fails during operation, the leaked engine oil or coolant will enter the guide groove 2-3 and eventually drip out from the leak detection signal hole 8 or be detected by the connected sensor, thus triggering an alarm in time.

[0024] See Figure 1 As shown, a semi-circular inner ring positioning groove 5 is provided at intervals on the inner wall of the skeleton 1. The barbed structure in the groove ensures that the rubber can be firmly anchored in it during vulcanization, so that the inner ring 2 and the skeleton 1 become a whole and will not separate even under severe thermal cycling and vibration.

[0025] The manufacturing process of this utility model mainly includes: firstly, manufacturing each section of metal skeleton through stamping and machining dovetail grooves, positioning grooves and bolt holes; then cleaning and sandblasting the sealing surface of the skeleton to increase adhesion; subsequently, placing the pre-formed unvulcanized rubber strips into the positioning grooves of the skeleton; finally, placing the assembly into a high-temperature vulcanization mold, and under certain temperature, pressure and time, the rubber vulcanizes and firmly bonds with the skeleton to form the final composite sealing gasket product.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A composite sealing gasket with a dovetail spliced ​​frame and a double-lip sealing structure, characterized in that: It includes a ring-shaped skeleton (1) and an inner ring (2); the center of the skeleton (1) has a material passage hole (4) for medium flow, and the inner ring (2) is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the skeleton (1) surrounding the material passage hole (4).

2. The composite sealing gasket with dovetail splicing skeleton and double-lip sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skeleton (1) is formed by splicing at least two skeleton segments through a dovetail tenon structure (6); the cross-section of the dovetail tenon structure (6) is trapezoidal, and a positioning boss groove (7) is provided on the structure; the positioning boss groove (7) on each skeleton segment is different from each other, so that each skeleton segment can only be spliced ​​in a unique predetermined order and direction.

3. The composite sealing gasket with dovetail splicing skeleton and double-lip sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring (2) is an integral double-ring structure composed of a main sealing lip (2-1) and an auxiliary sealing lip (2-2). The main sealing lip (2-1) and the auxiliary sealing lip (2-2) protrude from the inner wall of the skeleton (1) at intervals and in parallel. An annular guide groove (2-3) is formed between the main sealing lip (2-1) and the auxiliary sealing lip (2-2).

4. The composite sealing gasket with dovetail splicing skeleton and double-lip sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one leak detection signal hole (8) is provided on the skeleton (1). One end of the leak detection signal hole (8) is connected to the guide groove (2-3), and the other end is connected to the outside of the skeleton (1).

5. The composite sealing gasket with dovetail splicing skeleton and double-lip sealing structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the main sealing lip (2-1) and the auxiliary sealing lip (2-2) is circular or elliptical, and the top surfaces of both ends of the main sealing lip (2-1) are higher than those of the auxiliary sealing lip (2-2).

6. The composite sealing gasket with dovetail splicing skeleton and double-lip sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skeleton (1) has multiple inner ring positioning grooves (5) spaced around its inner hole wall; the cross-section of the inner ring positioning groove (5) is an arc or T-shaped shape larger than a semicircle, and the groove wall of the inner ring positioning groove (5) has a barb structure for enhancing the connection.

7. The composite sealing gasket with dovetail splicing skeleton and double-lip sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) has multiple bolt holes (3) for installation and fastening. The frame (1) at the bolt holes (3) is an exposed metal structure without a rubber layer.

8. The composite sealing gasket with dovetail splicing frame and double-lip sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skeleton (1) is made of aluminum substrate or stainless steel plate.

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