A communication type combination switch for an electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a communication formula combination switch for electric motor car, it is designed to solve traditional electric motor car switch wire harness is numerous, layout is in disorder, controller volume big and the problem of low reliability. This combination switch includes integrated switch casing, set up in the switch signal acquisition module of casing, microcontrol unit and communication interface module. The switch signal acquisition module is used for detecting user operation and generates original electric signal, the microcontrol unit is used for encoding original electric signal as standard digital signal package, the communication interface module is used for sending digital signal package through a communication bus to the main controller of vehicle. The utility model replaces traditional multichannel analog signal transmission through digital communication mode, integrates power line, ground wire and communication bus in single wire harness, greatly simplifies the wire harness quantity, optimizes handlebar head layout, improves the reliability, expansibility and compactness of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to a control switch for electric vehicles such as electric bicycles and electric motorcycles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the control switches (such as headlights, turn signals, horns, etc.) of light electric vehicles such as electric bicycles and electric motorcycles generally use the traditional analog signal transmission method. Each switch function requires an independent wire to be connected to the body controller or instrument controller. This method has the following obvious drawbacks:

[0003] First, it results in numerous and messy wiring harnesses in the handlebar area. Many of these harnesses are prone to tangling, wear, or even breakage when the handlebars are turned, posing a safety hazard and affecting the aesthetics.

[0004] Secondly, the controller needs to provide an independent signal input interface for each switch, resulting in a large number of controller interfaces and a large size, which makes it difficult to lay out in the limited installation space of electric vehicles, increasing costs and design difficulty.

[0005] Secondly, the system has poor scalability and flexibility. If new control functions (such as cruise control and power mode switching) are to be added, new physical switches and wiring harnesses must be added. Function expansion cannot be achieved through software upgrades.

[0006] Finally, a large number of physical terminals and connectors are prone to poor contact, oxidation, short circuits and other failures under harsh conditions such as long-term vehicle vibration and humidity, so the system reliability needs to be improved.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new technological solution to address the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a communication-type combination switch for electric vehicles that is compact in structure, has simplified wiring harness, high reliability, and is easy to expand.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A communication-type combination switch for electric vehicles includes an integrated switch housing, within which are disposed:

[0011] The switch signal acquisition module is electrically connected to multiple operating units mounted on the housing and is used to acquire user operating signals.

[0012] The microcontroller unit is electrically connected to the switch signal acquisition module and is used to encode the operation signal into a digital signal packet;

[0013] The communication interface module is electrically connected to the microcontroller unit and is used to transmit the digital signal packets to the outside via a communication bus.

[0014] The combination switch is connected to the vehicle main controller via an integrated wiring harness, which includes at least one power line, one ground line, and one communication bus.

[0015] Furthermore, the microcontroller unit and the communication interface module are integrated onto a single circuit board, which is fixedly mounted within the internal cavity of the switch housing. This integrated physical structure is key to achieving miniaturization.

[0016] Furthermore, the communication interface module is a CAN bus interface, a LIN bus interface, or a UART serial communication interface. These bus protocols are mature, reliable, and cost-effective, making them very suitable for electric vehicle applications.

[0017] Furthermore, the operating unit includes multiple functions such as a headlight switch, a turn signal switch, a horn button, a gear switch, and a mode switching switch.

[0018] Furthermore, the communication bus in the integrated wiring harness is a single serial communication line or a pair of CAN differential signal lines.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] By integrating all switching signals through a digital communication bus, the traditional connection method that requires multiple (usually 8-12) signal lines is simplified to a single integrated harness (including power, ground, and communication lines), fundamentally solving the problem of messy and easily worn handlebar harnesses.

[0021] The main controller can be made smaller due to the reduction in interfaces. The combination switch uses a highly integrated circuit board design, resulting in a compact overall structure that is easy to install in the limited space of the handlebars.

[0022] It reduces a large number of physical connectors and wiring harness connection points, thereby reducing the failure rate caused by poor contact at the source. The digital communication protocol itself has strong anti-interference capabilities and stable transmission.

[0023] It also achieves hardware platformization. By updating the software program in the microcontroller unit, the button functions can be redefined or complex operation logic (such as combination keys, long press, etc.) can be added. Product function upgrades and personalized customization can be achieved without modifying the hardware, which is in line with the development trend of intelligent electric vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Switch housing; 11. Operating unit; 2. Switch signal acquisition module; 3. Microcontroller unit; 4. Communication interface module; 5. Integrated wiring harness; 51. Power cable; 52. Communication bus; 53. Ground wire; 6. Circuit board; 7. Vehicle main controller. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a communication-type combination switch for electric vehicles includes an integrated switch housing 1, inside which a switch signal acquisition module 2 is disposed, electrically connected to multiple operating units 11 disposed on the housing, for acquiring user operation signals;

[0029] The microcontroller unit 3 is electrically connected to the switch signal acquisition module 2 and is used to encode the operation signal into a digital signal packet;

[0030] The communication interface module 4 is electrically connected to the microcontroller unit 3 and is used to transmit digital signal packets to the outside via a communication bus 52.

[0031] The combination switch is connected to the vehicle main controller 7 via an integrated wiring harness 5, which includes at least one power line 51, one ground line 53 and one communication bus 52.

[0032] The microcontroller unit 3 and the communication interface module 4 are integrated on a circuit board 6, which is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the switch housing 1. This integrated physical structure is the key to miniaturization. The communication interface module 4 is a CAN bus interface, LIN bus interface, or UART serial communication interface. These bus protocols are mature, reliable, and cost-effective, making them very suitable for electric vehicle applications. The operation unit 11 includes multiple functions such as headlight switch, turn signal switch, horn button, gear switch, and mode switch. The communication bus 52 in the integrated wiring harness 5 is a single serial communication line or a pair of CAN differential signal lines.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the core of this invention lies in upgrading a traditional analog signal switch into an intelligent communication node;

[0034] The switch housing 1 of the combination switch is usually made of engineering plastic and is fixed to the handlebars of the electric vehicle by clips or screws. The housing integrates multiple operating units 11, such as headlight switch, left and right turn signal switch, horn button, gear up and down buttons and P gear (parking) switch, etc.

[0035] Inside the switch housing 1, there is a switch signal acquisition module 2, a microcontroller unit 3, and a communication interface module 4. The switch signal acquisition module 2 consists of a series of resistors, capacitors, and switching circuits. It is connected to the mechanical contacts of each operating unit 11. When the user operates any switch, the module can detect the change in voltage or resistance, thereby generating an original electrical signal representing the operation.

[0036] The microcontroller 3 is the core of the combination switch. It can be a low-power, small-package microcontroller. The microcontroller 3 has a pre-stored encoding program. When it receives the original electrical signal from the switch signal acquisition module 2, it will look up the preset mapping table and convert the operation into a standard digital signal packet (data frame). For example, the operation of turning on the left turn signal is encoded as {ID:0x101,Data:[0x01]}, where ID is used to identify the signal source and Data is used to identify the specific action.

[0037] The communication interface module 4 is connected to the microcontroller 3 through a serial peripheral interface (such as SPI, UART). It is responsible for converting the digital signal packets generated by the microcontroller 3 into physical levels that conform to a specific bus protocol (such as CAN, LIN) and sending them out through the communication bus 52. In this embodiment, the CAN bus protocol, which is cost-effective and has strong anti-interference ability, is preferred.

[0038] To achieve an extremely compact design, the microcontroller unit 3 and the communication interface module 4 (and their related peripheral circuits) are integrated and soldered together on a small circuit board 6. This circuit board 6 is directly fixed to the reserved position inside the switch housing 1 by screws or slots, and is spatially close to the mechanical operating unit 11, forming an electromechanical integrated module.

[0039] The entire combination switch is connected to the vehicle’s main controller via an integrated wiring harness 5. This integrated wiring harness 5 contains only three core cables: a power line 51 (such as +12V or +5V), a ground line 53, and a communication bus (or a pair) 52. This integrated wiring harness 5 replaces the complex multi-signal lines in the traditional solution.

[0040] The vehicle main controller 7 integrates a corresponding communication receiving module (such as a CAN transceiver). It continuously monitors the data on the communication bus 52. When it receives a digital signal packet from the combination switch, the main controller parses it and executes the corresponding control commands based on the parsed ID and Data, such as driving the turn signal relay, sounding the horn, or changing the motor output power.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A communication-type combination switch for electric vehicles, comprising an integrated switch housing (1), characterized in that, The housing contains: The switch signal acquisition module (2) is electrically connected to multiple operating units (11) installed on the housing, and is used to acquire user operating signals; The microcontroller unit (3) is electrically connected to the switch signal acquisition module (2) and is used to encode the operation signal into a digital signal packet; The communication interface module (4) is electrically connected to the microcontroller unit (3) and is used to transmit the digital signal packet to the outside through a communication bus (52); The microcontroller unit (3) and the communication interface module (4) are integrated on a circuit board (6), which is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the switch housing (1); The combination switch is connected to the vehicle main controller (7) via an integrated wiring harness (5), which includes at least one power line (51), one ground line (53) and one communication bus (52).

2. The communication type combination switch for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The communication interface module (4) is a CAN bus interface, a LIN bus interface, or a UART serial communication interface.

3. The communication type combination switch for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein The operating unit (11) includes multiple functions such as headlight switch, turn signal switch, horn button, gear switch and mode switch.

4. A communication-type combination switch for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication bus (52) in the integrated wiring harness (5) is a single serial communication line or a pair of CAN differential signal lines.

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