ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE DETECTION SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a system that can detect whether an electromagnetic pulse has been applied to electricity meters, based on the principle that a current induced by a coil antenna lights up a light source, and this light is converted and processed into an electrical signal.

Description

1 TARIFF ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE DETECTION SYSTEM Technical Area The invention protects electricity meters from electromagnetic pulse (EMP) interference. It is related to a system that ensures protection and the detection of such interventions. 5 Specifically, the invention involves using a current induced by a coil antenna to power a light source. And electricity is based on the principle of converting and processing this light into an electrical signal. a meter that can detect whether an electromagnetic pulse has been applied to it It is related to the system. State of the Art 10 Today, electronic electricity meters use measuring circuits and microprocessor-based systems. Because it contains control units, it is resistant to externally applied electromagnetic pulses (EMP). They are sensitive structures. EMP is a short-duration but high-amplitude electromagnetic energy. It is described as an explosion and occurs on coil structures, cables or electronic circuits. It can induce sudden currents. Such pulses can impair the meter's measurement accuracy, causing temporary 15% damage. This can lead to malfunctions or, in some cases, be used for the purpose of manipulating meters. It can be intentionally carried out by malicious individuals. Especially as a result of an impact, meters unrecorded readings, value readings reset, or circuits temporarily malfunctioning Effects such as disruptions can result in significant losses for distribution companies. With the current technology, it is possible to directly detect EMP interferences, the pulse counter 20 Reliable and robust solutions that can document its impact are limited. Detection methods based on electrical circuits show that EMP is a direct disruptive element. Because it is exposed to its effects, it is susceptible to misinterpretation, circuit damage, or manipulation. It is possible. Therefore, an externally applied electromagnetic pulse can be both harmless and... It is detected in this way and is also reliably isolated from the electrical system. 25 Recording this information is critical for meter security and tamper detection systems. As a result of the research conducted on the subject, the report numbered 2024 / 021665, "An electromagnetic..." "a shock sensor and a shock-protected electronic electricity meter containing this sensor" An application with the title [Application Title] was encountered. The system uses ready-made RFID tags. RFID Based systems degrade when exposed to EMP effects and then return to 30 2 It is unusable. This situation affects the sustainability and reusability of the system. This eliminates the need for meter maintenance / replacement after each intervention. This necessitates increased operational costs and downtime. As a result of the research conducted on this subject, another document numbered 2020 / 05549, “Electronics 5 that detects tampering with the electricity meter by applying an electromagnetic pulse. An application titled "system" was found. In the system, an electromagnetic pulse signal is generated. The signal is detected via the antenna, amplified, processed, and evaluated. This is done through a complex circuit in this system where the signal is electronically amplified. It requires a specific structure and shows weakness in terms of stability. Furthermore, high High voltage pulses can damage circuit components. 10 As a result of the research conducted on this subject, another document with the number US9506950B2 was found. An application titled "Tamperine detection for an electric meter" was found. The relevant... Since there is no optical isolation in the system, the effect of the electromagnetic pulse passes through the circuit. It is transmitted directly, and the reliability of detection may decrease. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions regarding issue 15 Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. Purpose of the Invention The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve. 20 The main purpose of the invention is to convert electromagnetic energy directly into light energy. An EMP detector that works by converting this light into an electrical signal, based on this principle. The goal is to provide the system. Another purpose of the invention is to apply an electromagnetic pulse to a coil antenna. As a result, the current induced on the antenna directly drives a light source. 25 the generation of light and the conversion of this light into an electrical signal by a light sensor. The goal is to develop a system that makes it possible to convert and transmit data to an electronic circuit. Another aim of the invention was to eliminate the need for complex amplifier circuits. to remove and direct EMP from electronic circuits through optical isolation The goal is to create a system that protects against its disruptive effects. 30 3 Another aim of the invention is to create a simple, durable product that can be reused repeatedly without deteriorating. Our goal is to provide a robust and economical EMP detection solution. To achieve the purposes described above, the invention is based on the application of electric meters. It is a system that detects applied electromagnetic pulse (EMP) interference. This includes 5 According to the system;  an electromagnetic pulse applied by an electromagnetic pulse device As a result, a coil antenna on which current is induced.  The aforementioned coil generates light via a current induced on the antenna, and In this way, the light source that produces the optical signal, 10  by detecting the light from the aforementioned light source and converting it into an electrical signal a light sensor that converts light and thus provides electrical insulation,  Regulating the level of the electrical signal coming from the aforementioned light sensor and the transmission circuit that transmits the information to the relevant units,  The signal coming from the aforementioned light sensor and transmitted by the transmission circuit 15 by processing whether electromagnetic pulse interference has occurred. detecting, if an electromagnetic pulse is detected, this information is transmitted electrically. electronic circuit that transmits to the meter It includes. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood as such, and therefore the evaluation will also take these forms and detailed explanations into account. This should be done taking that into consideration. Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the system that is the subject of the invention. Explanation of Part References 1. Coil antenna 2. Light source 30 3. Light sensor 4 4. Transmission circuit 5. Electronic circuit 6. Electromagnetic pulse device Vdd: Supply voltage Detailed Description of the Invention 5 In this detailed description, the preferred configurations of the system that is the subject of the invention are listed only. This is explained to facilitate a better understanding of the subject. The invention relates to electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) applied to electricity meters. It is a system that detects interventions. Figure 1 shows a schematic of the system that is the subject of the invention. The image is given. Accordingly, the system is an electromagnetic pulse device (6) 10 a current induced on it as a result of an electromagnetic pulse applied by coil antenna (1), light via current induced on the aforementioned coil antenna (1). light source (2) which creates and thus produces optical signal, the mentioned light by detecting the light coming from the source (2) and converting it into an electrical signal and thus light sensor (3) providing electrical insulation, 15 from the aforementioned light sensor (3) transmission circuit (4) which regulates the level of the incoming electrical signal and transmits it to the relevant units. the signal coming from the mentioned light sensor (3) and transmitted by the transmission circuit (4) by processing it, it determines whether or not electromagnetic pulse interference has occurred. If an electromagnetic pulse is detected, this information is transmitted to the electricity meter. It contains a transmitting electronic circuit (5). 20 When an electromagnetic pulse is applied to the system from the external environment, this pulse The electromagnetic pulse is generated by the device (6) and directed onto the system. The applied EMP effect causes a current on the coil antenna (1) in the system. This causes the induction of a sudden electromagnetic 25 that falls on the coil antenna (1). The energy generates a significant electrical current in the antenna coils. The system's preference... The coil antenna (1) PCB antenna, wire antenna mentioned in the different applications that can be done or it may be of a similar structure. This induced current is passed directly through the light source (2). The light source (2) is a 30 An LED can be a light-producing element such as a neon bulb or similar. Current light. Light is produced the moment it flows from the source (2). Thus, the electromagnetic pulse energy first It is converted into current, and then into light. The light produced is detected by a light sensor (3), which is a light-sensitive component. The sensor can be a photodiode, phototransistor, or the receiver part of an optocoupler. Light 5 The sensor (3) converts the light it receives into an electrical signal. Thus, the system, It converted the presence of electromagnetic interference into an electrical signal in an optically isolated manner. It happens. In one of the preferred applications of the system, the light source (2) and light The sensor (3) will form an optocoupler located within a single body. It is configurable. 10 The electrical signal obtained from the light sensor (3) is preferably passed through the resistor and output line. It is transmitted to the electronic circuit (5) connected to the system via a transmission circuit (4). The electronic circuit (5) receives this signal thanks to the microprocessor and control components inside it. It analyzes and assigns a 15 to the system based on the character, magnitude, and duration of the signal. It detects whether electromagnetic pulse interference has occurred. Electronic circuit This information, verified by (5), is transmitted to the main system, the electricity meter. Electricity The counter stores this incoming information in its memory; it can be used for external interference (EMP attack) if needed. It creates a record, reports, or activates its own protection mechanisms. Thanks to the structure that is the subject of the invention, the electronic circuit (5) is protected from both direct damage by EMP. It is optically isolated from the transmitter effect and the formation of the pulse is reliably prevented. It can perceive it in this way. Due to its structure, the system can operate repeatedly without malfunctioning, and both... It offers high performance in terms of both sensing and durability.

Claims

6 REQUESTS 1. Electromagnetic pulse (EMP) applied to electricity meters It is a system that detects interventions, and its feature is;  electromagnetic pulse applied by an electromagnetic pulse device (6) As a result, a current is induced on the coil antenna (1), 5  The mentioned coil generates light by means of the current induced on the antenna (1). and thus the light source that produces the optical signal (2),  by detecting the light coming from the mentioned light source (2) and converting it into an electrical signal light sensor which converts and thus provides electrical insulation (3),  the level of the electrical signal coming from the mentioned light sensor (3) is 10 transmission circuit (4) which regulates and transmits to the relevant units,  light coming from the mentioned light sensor (3) and transmitted by the transmission circuit (4) by processing the signal, electromagnetic pulse interference occurs. Detection of an electromagnetic pulse that indicates it did not occur In this case, the electronic circuit (5) 15 transmits this information to the electricity meter. It includes.

2. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is that the mentioned coil antenna (1) is a PCB antenna, This includes things like wired antennas, etc.

3. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is that the mentioned light source is (2) LED, neon It is a light bulb or similar element that can produce light.

4. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is that the mentioned light sensor (3) is a photodiode, It is a phototransistor. 25 5. The system is compliant with Claim-1 and its feature is; the mentioned light source (2) and light the sensor (3) to form an optocoupler located within a single body It is structured.

6. The system is compliant with claim-1 and its feature is that the mentioned transmission circuit (4) has a resistor. It consists of an outlet line.