True zero-backlash globoid gearbox

Abstract

The invention relates to a zero-clearance globoid gearbox comprising a globoid screw part (20) with a fixed axial position and an axially movable globoid screw part (30) engaged with a globoid counter gear (40). The precision-guided movable screw part (30) rotates together with the input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) via a multi-spline torque transmission system (60) and can move along the axis of the input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50). The axial adjustment nut (120) adjusts the clearance and preload by applying force to the movable side combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) via the axial bearing washer (100) without the use of a cup spring. The first fixing and guiding flange (130), fixed to the housing (10), guides the axial adjustment nut (120); the second locking flange (140) is connected to the first fixing and guiding flange (130) and prevents the axial adjustment nut (120) from rotating.The system allows for external adjustment of the backlash with a specified torque and readjustment after use without disassembling the gearbox.

Description

1 TARIFF True zero-backlash globoid gearbox Technical Area 5 The invention relates to mechanical power transmission requiring high-precision motion and torque transmission. in systems, more specifically industrial robot joints, humanoid robots, precision rotary tables, CNC machine tools, indexing systems, positioners, antennas and radars steering mechanisms, defense and aerospace actuators, optical positioning 10 systems, automation axes and servo drives requiring high repeatability It relates to the globoid reducer used in its applications. The invention specifically concerns a springless preload chain with mutually combined needles and axial ball bearings. Bidirectional axial-radial bearing with bearings, hot-fit radial bearing rings, 15 Multi-spline axial motion globoid screw arrangement, ground coaxial guide. Thanks to its surfaces and double flange positive locking mechanism at the same pitch, it is truly effective. This relates to globoid gearboxes that provide zero-backlash operation. State of the Art 20 In known globoid or double-wound screw-countergear arrangements, the gear backlash To reduce costs, single-piece screw geometries, different pitch / duplex screws, two-piece screws screws, spring-loaded movable screw parts, or externally rotatable adjustment The components can be used. In two-part systems, the fixed screw part is a flange 25 The screw part, which can move axially, carries the direction of the opposite flange, while the other screw part carries the direction of the opposite flange. This reduces angular play. However, this approach reduces the accuracy of axial adjustment and load. It involves a number of structural challenges that limit its distribution. In the literature review, US6386059 was given as an example of the known state of the art. and documents numbered US20020148315A1 in the same patent family can be shown. 30 Document number US6386059 describes a two-piece screw, spline torque transmission, and cup. The spring assembly, externally rotatable adjustment element, and lock nut are described. In the published application numbered US20020148315A1, the external adjustment of the dish without a spring and The readjustment of the backlash is also explained without opening the gearbox housing. Therefore... The difference of the invention is that it only requires lifting or externally adjusting the satellite dishes. 35 2 It should not be based on. The invention is based on the precision housing of the axial adjustment nut. centering, first guiding flange fixed to the body, adjustment nut The second lock, which connects to the tooth on it in the same direction and pitch, is fixed to the first flange. The flange is a direct adjustment force chain established via a combined bearing on the movable side. mutually exclusive bearing arrangement, hot-fit radial bearing rings, and experimental 5 It is distinguished by the combined effect of controlled preloading, which is generated according to the torque value. Various techniques are used in existing globoid or double-wound screw-countergear arrangements. Problems arise. Working on toothed flanges in cup spring systems. Depending on the conditions, a compressive force is generated. This situation is 10 Excessively high forces lead to increased friction, temperature, and wear; low forces... In the case of strong forces, this can cause the void to return under load. Threads and bearings in axial adjustments made with simple screws, caps, or lock nuts. Due to gaps, point clamping, and insufficient centering, the adjustment element is 15 bending, strain of the movable screw axis and uneven loading of bearings It can be seen. Locking elements similar to a counter nut adjust the nut during tightening. Because it can be rotated, the adjustment position can change during the locking process. Gear 20 When flanges and bearing elements wear out during service, the system regains clearance. This gap occurs and eliminating this gap often requires disassembling the gearbox or This requires spring / washer replacement. Also, the preload value is unique in most known systems. It depends on a spin value. However, appropriate preload, input speed, ambient temperature, and usage factors are also important. 25 depending on parameters such as frequency, load class, autolocking requirement and targeted efficiency It varies. Standard radial or axial bearings have separate and limited bearing arrangements. the simultaneous radial and bidirectional axial loads arising from the globoid screw coupling This makes it difficult to transport it rigidly within a compact volume. Therefore, the known In these systems, the screw shaft bearing capacity is often insufficient, affecting load distribution. and axial positioning accuracy cannot be achieved to the desired level. 30 In conclusion, the existence of the above problems and the inadequacy of the current solutions, This has made it necessary to make improvements in the technical field. 35 3 Purpose of the Invention The present invention eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages and contributes to the relevant technical field. It relates to the true zero-backlash globoid gearbox, which brings new advantages. The main purpose of the invention is to create a globoid counterpart for fixed and movable globoid screw parts. Enabling simultaneous engagement of the gear with the input shaft of the movable screw part – fixed Precise axial movement along the shaft via a multiple keyway system on the screw shaft. enabling it to rotate together with the shaft while maintaining its motion, thus allowing torque transmission. The goal is to create a globoid gearbox that separates the gap adjustment. 10 The purpose of the invention is to create a radial section with pins positioned opposite each other at the two ends of the screw shaft. Equivalent to combined needle and axial ball bearings, which also include an axial ball bearing section. a globoid that compactly and rigidly carries radial and bidirectional axial loads. The goal is to produce a gearbox. 15 Another objective of the invention is to adapt combined needle and axial ball bearings to needle radial bearings. radial bearing fixed to the input shaft of the sections by hot fitting. The movable globoid screw that enables the bracelets to work during assembly. the part is first threaded onto the shaft and engaged with a multi-spline connection, then 20 The radial bearing collar on the moving side is heated and transferred from the shaft end to the working position. The precise internal fitting for the bearing is achieved by the process of taking it in and creating a tight fit through cooling. The aim is to develop a globoid reducer that provides a working surface. Another purpose of the invention is to enable axial adjustment 25, which is rotated with a standard torque wrench with a special tip. Combined needle and on the movable side via the axial bearing washer of the nut. the axial ball bearing transmits a controlled axial force, and the bearing absorbs this force By transferring the axial position of the screw part to the movable globoid screw part, precise control of the screw part's position is achieved. adjusting it in such a way that the gear gap is adjusted without the use of a spring, only within a defined range. a 30 that enables elimination through controlled preload created by adjustment force. The goal is to develop a globoid reducer. Another objective of the invention is the precise slot of the axial adjustment nut within the housing. centering with low clearance during passage; fixed by a movable globoid screw piece. Axial 35 by machining the guide surfaces of the screw shaft with grinding precision. ensuring coaxial and tension-free guidance; bearing rings, 4 Housing and bearing seats and flange threads with tight tolerances to the common axis reference. Thanks to its positioning, the screw ensures a balanced transfer of the adjustment force. limiting the contraction of the axis and combined needle and axial ball bearings. The goal is to develop a globoid reducer that ensures the preservation of alignment. Another purpose of the invention is to screw the axial adjustment nut in the same direction and with the same pitch. Using a locking system consisting of two flanges, the first flange is screwed onto the adjustment nut. The adjustment nut's axial movement is enabled by being bolted to the housing. it acts as a fixed gear guide element and the adjustment nut of this arrangement A globoid gearbox emerged that precisely directs its controlled axial movement. 10 to place. Another purpose of the invention is to determine the zero position by measuring the gear backlash. experimentally tested for the relevant gearbox model and operating condition of the axial adjustment nut. Tightening to the defined torque value using a standard torque wrench with a special tip, this 15 The combined needle on the moving side is tightened via the axial bearing washer by the tightening process. The adjustment force transmitted to the axial ball bearing will prevent unnecessary flange pressure. limiting the level and the controlled preload to meet the working load The goal is to develop a globoid reducer that enables its creation without the use of other components. Another purpose of the invention is to lock the second lock without changing the position of the axial adjustment nut. until the flange contacts the first flange on the thread of the same pitch advancement, adjusting the second flange's adjustment nut when the bolt holes are not aligned. Remove only in the direction of disassembly until aligned with the nearest suitable hole, without rotating. adjustment 25 by turning it and then fixing the second flange to the first flange with bolts. preventing the nut from rotating, distributing the load evenly across the flange surfaces, and creating a positive mechanical lock that does not change the set value during the locking process. The goal is to develop a globoid reducer. Another aim of the invention is to ensure that gear flanges and bearing elements have a service life of 30 years. the gap that reappeared due to the wear and tear on the second locking flange By resolving the issue, it can be readjusted without disassembling the gearbox housing, and also the bowl Removing springs from the system reduces friction, noise, and heat generation, thus increasing efficiency and productivity. The aim is to develop a globoid gearbox that contributes to its service life. 35 The invention features a precision-guided movable screw part and a multi-spline torque transmission system. It rotates together with the input shaft-fixed screw shaft and the input shaft-fixed screw shaft It can move along its axis. Axial adjustment nut, axial bearing washer. Combined needle and axial ball bearing with cup spring on the moving side. It adjusts the clearance and preload by applying force without using force. 5 to the body the first fixed and guiding flange, axial adjustment nut It guides; the second locking flange is connected to the first fixing and guiding flange. By connecting it, it prevents the axial adjustment nut from rotating. The system ensures clearance. external adjustment with a specified torque and after use of the gearbox It allows for readjustment without being distributed. 10 The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. And thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures, it becomes clearer. This will be understood as such. Therefore, the evaluation should also include these forms and detailed explanations. This should be done taking this into consideration. 15 Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1: Cross-sectional view of the globoid gearbox, which is the subject of the invention. Figure 2: Cross-sectional perspective view of the globoid gearbox, which is the subject of the invention. 20 Explanation of Part References 10. Body 20. Axial position fixed globoid screw part 25 30. Precision guided movable globoid screw part 40. Globoid counter gear 50. Input shaft - fixed screw shaft 60. Multi-spline torque transmission system 70. Ground precision guiding surface 30 80. Moving side combined needle and axial ball bearing. 90. Fixed side combined needle and axial ball bearing. 100. Axial bearing washer 110. Radial bearing ring 120. Axial adjustment nut 35 130. First fixing and guiding flange 6 140. Second locking flange 150. Flange fixing bolt 160. Endpoint interface 170. Precise body housing fitting. 180. Precision bushing and bearing fitting 5 Detailed Description of the Invention This detailed description outlines the preferred alternatives to the globoid gearbox that is the subject of this invention. purely for the purpose of better understanding the subject and without any limiting influence. 10 It is explained in a way that will not create a problem. Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the globoid reducer that is the subject of the invention. Accordingly, In its most basic form, the globoid reducer consists of an input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) inside the housing (10). axially fixed globoid screw 15 that rotates together and has a fixed axial position. part (20) rotates together with the input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) and the shaft axis Precision guided movable globoid screw part (30) capable of making adjustment movement along its length, Axial position fixed globoid screw part (20) and precision guided movable globoid Globoid mating gear (40) engaging with screw part (30), precision guided movement Multiple wedge 20 allowing axial movement when transmitting torque to the globoid screw part (30). torque transmission system (60), ground precision guiding surface (70), needle radial section containing both the axial ball bearing section and the mutually oriented moving side Combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) with fixed side combined needle and axial ball bearing ball bearing (90), axial adjustment nut (120) with movable side Combined needle and Axial 25 located between the axial load carrying section of the axial ball bearing (80). bearing washer (100), moving side of combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) needle The inner working surface for the radial section and the input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) are hot Radial bearing rings (110) fixed by fitting, adjustment without the use of cup spring. The force is transmitted through the axial bearing washer (100) on the moving side. Combined needle and to the axial ball bearing (80) and from there to the precision guided movable globoid screw 30 Axial adjustment nut (120) transmitting to part (30), axial adjustment nut (120) The first fixing and guiding flange (130) is screwed and fixed to the body (10), screwed into the thread on the axial adjustment nut (120) in the same direction and with the same pitch, first The second locking flange (140) is fixed to the fixing and guiding flange (130), the first fixing and guiding flange (130) to the body (10) and the second locking flange (140) to the first 35 Flange fixing bolts (150) connecting to the fixing and guiding flange (130), 7 axial adjustment nut (120) with special tip fitted to standard torque wrench Special end connection interface (160) that enables rotation, axial adjustment nut (120) Precision body housing fitting radially centered inside the body (10) (170) with movable side Combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) and stationary side Combined Needle and axial ball bearing (90) 5 relative to the input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) axis It includes centering precision sleeve and bearing fits (180). In the housing (10) which forms the main structure of the globoid reducer subject to the invention, rotation The axially positioned globoid screw part (20) that performs the movement, axially positioned 10 precision guided screws that transmit torque by working together with the globoid screw part (20). movable globoid screw part (30) and axially fixed globoid screw part (20) and rotation by engaging with the precision guided movable globoid screw part (30) globoid counter gear (40) which performs the reduction of its motion It is located. When the input shaft–fixed screw shaft (50) is rotated, the axial position of the fixed globoid screw is fixed. part (20) direct, movable globoid screw part (30) multi-spline torque transmission It performs the same angular movement through the system (60). Multiple wedge torque The transmission system (60) limits the relative rotation of the movable globoid screw part. (30) allows displacement along the shaft axis. 20 The movable globoid screw part (30) runs along the ground precision guiding surface (70). It moves axially. The movable side has a combined needle and axial ball bearing. Combined needle and axial ball bearing (90), with fixed side bearing (80), input shaft-fixed 25 The ball bearing sections carrying the axial load at both ends of the screw shaft (50) are facing inwards. They are positioned opposite each other. Each movable side has a combined needle and axial ball bearing. Combined needle and axial ball bearing (90) with fixed side bearing (80) radial needle bearing section, the corresponding radial bearing fixed to the input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) by hot fitting. It carries radial loads by working on the ring (110); axial ball sections, on the other hand It resists opposing axial forces. The adjustment force is only axial adjustment 30 nut (120), axial bearing washer (100), movable side Combined needle and axial via ball bearing (80) and precision guided movable globoid screw part (30) It is transmitted. Fixed side Combined needle and axial ball bearing (90) and radial bearing. The bracelets (110) are not included in this adjustment force chain. 35 8 Precision bushing and bearing fitting (180), movable side combined needle and axial Inlet of ball bearing (80) with fixed side Combined needle and axial ball bearing (90) Coaxial positioning of the shaft of the fixed screw shaft (50) with respect to the axis It provides. During assembly, first the movable globoid screw part (30) is connected to the input shaft–fixed screw shaft. (50) is passed through and the multi-spline torque transmission system (60) is engaged. Then the movable The radial bearing ring (110) used for the side is expanded by heating, input shaft–fixed The screw shaft (50) is passed through the end and the bearing is placed in the determined working position and As a result of cooling, the input shaft is fixed to the fixed screw shaft (50) with a tight fit. This 10 Thanks to the assembly sequence, the movable globoid screw part (30), radial bearing ring (110) input shaft–fixed screw shaft (50) before input shaft–fixed screw shaft (50) It is taken on. The radial bearing ring (110) is attached to the movable globoid screw part. (30) is not connected to the input shaft–fixed screw shaft (50) and the movable side is connected to the combined needle and Precision inner working surface for needle radial section of axial ball bearing (80) 15 It constitutes. During assembly, the first fixing and guiding flange (130) is attached to the axial adjustment nut. (120) is screwed in. Axial adjustment with the first fixing and guiding flange (130). This assembly unit, consisting of a nut (120), is placed in the body (10) and the first 20 fixing and guiding flange (130), flange fixing bolts (150) to the body (10) It is securely fixed. Axial adjustment nut (120), precision housing slot fitting (170) It is centered radially by and rotates inside the thread of the first flange (130). It moves forward or backward in the axial direction. First, the angular gap between the input and output is measured. Special end connection interface (160) The axial adjustment nut (120) is turned with a standard torque wrench connected via it. Axial adjustment nut (120), movable side via axial bearing washer (100). It applies pressure to the combined needle and axial ball bearing (80). The moving side is combined Axial force transmitted through needle and axial ball bearing (80) movable globoid 30 The axial position of the globoid screw part (30) of the globoid counter gear (40) is fixed. to the tooth lateral surface opposite the tooth lateral surface that the part (20) contacts (opposite (flank) advances correctly. Thus, the axial position of the globoid screw part (20) is fixed. The side surface of one tooth of the counter gear (40) is the movable globoid screw part (30) and the counter It keeps the tooth's lateral surface in contact and leaves no gap between the two flanges, ensuring a true 35. A zero-backlash working position is achieved. 9 After the zero clearance position is determined, the axial adjustment nut (120) is attached to the relevant gearbox. It is tightened to a torque determined experimentally for the model and operating conditions. Experimental When determining the torque value, factors such as input speed, ambient temperature, frequency of use / duty cycle are considered. The load class, desired self-locking characteristics, and targeted efficiency are taken into consideration. Thus, 5 The preload applied to the movable globoid screw part (30) is sufficient for the application, however It is kept at a level that will not create unnecessary friction. While the axial adjustment nut (120) is held in place, the second locking flange (140) is attached to the first fixing and The first 10 on the adjustment nut thread in the same direction and pitch as the guiding flange (130). It is advanced towards the flange. If the bolt holes are not aligned after contact, a second locking flange is used. (140) is turned only in the direction of disassembly until the nearest suitable alignment. The second locking flange (140) is fastened to the first by means of flange fixing bolts (150) and It is connected to the guiding flange (130). The first fixing and guiding flange (130) and 15 second lock flange (140) circumferential surface contact; precise housing slot fitting (170), Precision bushing and bearing fitting (180) and locking with tight tolerance flange threads. the concentration of the force in a single region, bending of the axial adjustment nut (120) and It limits the contraction of the axis of the movable globoid screw part (30). When play occurs at the end of the service period, the flange on the second lock flange (140) The fixing bolts (150) are loosened. The axial adjustment nut (120) is remeasured and It is adjusted according to the experimental torque table and then the second lock flange (140) is reattached to the first one. It is fixed to the fixing and guiding flange (130). The operation gearbox housing (10) It can be done without distribution. 25

Claims

REQUESTS 1. Mechanical power transmission requiring high-precision motion and torque transmission. It is a globoid reducer used in systems; its feature is: - Fixed globoid screw part (20) that rotates inside the body (10), 5 - Torque transmission by working together with the fixed globoid screw part (20) movable globoid screw part (30) - with fixed globoid screw part (20) and movable globoid screw part (30) globoid, which reduces rotational motion by gripping counter gear (40), 10 - fixed globoid screw part (20) and movable globoid screw part (30) input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) transmitting the rotational movement between them - input shaft of movable globoid screw part (30) with fixed screw shaft (50) and the movable globoid screw part (30) that enables it to rotate together Multiple wedge torque 15 allowing for precise movement in the axial direction. transfer system (60), - multi-spline torque transmission system (60) with movable globoid screw part (30) low clearance, coaxial and non-contraction axial Ground precision guiding surface providing guidance (70), - Globoid 20 moving over ground precision guiding surface (70) movable side carrying radial and axial loads of screw part (30) Combined needle and axial ball bearing (80), - with combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) on the moving side radial and axial loads on the input shaft–fixed screw shaft (50) 25 fixed side bearing combined needle and axial ball bearings. bearing (90), - axial load on fixed side combined needle and axial ball bearing (90) axial transmission of the movable globoid screw part (30) Axial bearing washer (100) that enables its positioning. - input shaft - fixed screw shaft (50) fixed by hot fitting and axial 30 combined needle and axial ball bearing with fixed side washer (100) forming a precise inner working surface for the needle section of the bearing (90) radial bearing ring (110), - from radial bearing ring (110) to axial bearing washer (100) by transmitting the adjustment force, the axial 35 of the movable globoid screw part (30). Axial adjustment nut (120) that determines its position, 11 - by screwing into the axial adjustment nut (120) (120) guiding its axial advancement and fixed to the body (10) Enabling controlled axial advancement of the axial adjustment nut (120) first fixing and guiding flange (130), - first fixing and guiding flange 5 to axial adjustment nut (120) (130) is screwed in the same direction and pitch as the axial adjustment nut. (120) mechanically prevents the rotation and adjustment position It includes a second locking flange (140) which enables it to be locked.

2. A globoid reducer conforming to claim 1, whose characteristic is; the first fixation mentioned above 10 and the guiding flange (130) to the body (10) and the second locking flange (140) to the first Flange fixing bolt that fastens to the fixing and guiding flange (130) (150) is included.

3. A globoid gearbox conforming to claim 1, characterized by its axial adjustment capability of 15°. attached to the special tip torque wrench used to turn the nut (120) and transmit the torque to the axial adjustment nut (120) of the special end. It includes a special end connection interface (160) that provides.

4. A globoid gearbox conforming to claim 1, characterized by its axial adjustment capability of 20°. centering the nut (120) radially with low clearance inside the body (10) It includes a sensitive body housing fitting (170).

5. A globoid reducer conforming to claim 1, whose characteristic is; the aforementioned moving part Combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) with fixed side combined needle and 25 axial ball bearing (90) relative to the input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) axis It includes a centering precision sleeve and bearing fitting (180).

6. A globoid gearbox conforming to claim 1, characterized by its aforementioned input shaft-fixed connection. 30 with axial ball bearing sections facing inwards at both ends of the screw shaft (50) mutually oriented and with a radial section and an axial ball section together. including the movable side combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) and the fixed side It includes a combination needle and axial ball bearing (90). 35 12 7. A globoid reducer conforming to claim 1, whose characteristic is; the aforementioned movable side Combined needle and axial ball bearing (80) and fixed side combined needle and Internal operation of the needle radial sections of the axial ball bearing (90) radial bearing rings (110) forming the surface input shaft-fixed screw shaft (50) It is fixed by hot-fitting method. 5

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