Method for processing rocks using an active separation complex

Abstract

A method for processing asphaltic, bituminous, bitumen-containing and petroleum-bituminous rocks comprises separating rock by treating the rock with a water-based active separation compound to achieve a desired level of separation of hydrocarbons from the solid phase of the rock, then separating the liquid phase from the solid phase in a centrifugal separator, and subsequently pyrolyzing the hydrocarbons, after separation from the solid phase and water, in at least one drum-type pyrolysis apparatus of a processing line, then separating the hydrocarbons into solid, liquid and gas fractions, wherein the gas-liquid fraction is cooled in a cooling evaporator for the separation of the gas and liquid phases in a separator, and the pyrolysis apparatuses are disposed in a parallel chain of the processing line. The invention also relates to a method for treating rock with a water-based active separation complex, and to the composition of a water-based active separation complex. The technical result is that of enabling the production of industrial volumes of hydrocarbons.

Description

[0001] A METHOD FOR PROCESSING ROCKS, INCLUDING A METHOD FOR PROCESSING ROCKS WITH AN ACTIVE SEPARATION COMPLEX AND THE COMPOSITION OF THE ACTIVE SEPARATION COMPLEX

[0002] FIELD OF INVENTION

[0003] The invention relates to the oil producing industry and can be used to extract hydrocarbons or liquid petroleum products from coal, bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bearing rocks (hereinafter referred to as rock).

[0004] PREREQUISITES FOR THE CREATION OF THE INVENTION

[0005] A method for extracting hydrocarbons from carbon-containing raw materials such as coal, bogheads, oil shales, oil sands, natural bitumen, bituminous rocks, and residual petroleum products using organic solvents is known from the existing level of technology. The method involves bringing the said raw materials into contact with carbon dioxide, periodically alternating between the supercritical and subcritical states of CO₂, due to which the extraction process occurs at lower pressures in the range of 55*90 atm and temperatures in the range of 20-40°C and is characterized by higher selectivity with respect to the dissolution of hydrocarbons / RU 2420558 C1, published 10.06.2011 / .

[0006] The disadvantages of this analogue include the fact that this method requires significant labor costs and material resources.

[0007] A method for processing heavy oil and / or natural bitumen with the extraction of liquid hydrocarbons by thermal heating was selected as the closest existing technology. This method involves feeding and processing the rock in a pyrolysis furnace. This method involves separating the feedstock into distillate and residual fractions by feeding the feedstock, heated to 360°C, into an evaporator under pressure and spraying it through a nozzle in an upward direction. Before feeding into the evaporator, the feedstock is subjected to ultrasonic dispersing with a wave frequency of 22 kHz and an energy density of 5 W / cm. 2at a temperature of 80-100°C, an emulsion of raw materials is prepared containing heavy oil and / or natural bitumen, water and nanosized particles of iron and nickel metal oxides, with the following ratio of components, wt.%: heavy oil and / or natural bitumen - 60.0-75.0, water - 24.7-39.6, nanosized particles of iron and nickel metal oxides (4:1) - 0.3-0.4. The resulting emulsion is fed to an evaporator for spraying under a pressure of 20-150 atm / RU 2619699 C1, published 17.05.2017 / .

[0008] The disadvantages of this alternative include the fact that the extraction of liquid hydrocarbons by this method does not provide for industrial-scale production and has not previously been used to extract hydrocarbons from natural petroleum bitumen in situ. Therefore, the implementation of this method will ensure the industrial extraction of significant resources that have remained untapped due to the lack of technology for their extraction.

[0009] Also, as the closest analogue, a method for extracting bitumen from oil-bituminous rocks was selected, including processing the rocks with a heated aqueous solution containing alkali to carry out flotation processes and intensify the transportation of bitumen with its separation from the rock, in which, in order to reduce extraction costs by reducing the consumption of reagents and simultaneously simplifying the technological process, hydrogen peroxide is added to the aqueous alkali solution during the processing of rocks, while a sodium carbonate solution with a concentration of 0.0321-0.0546 mol / l is used as an alkaline solution, while the treatment with the solution is carried out at 70-80 ° C / SU 1685524 A1, publ.

[0010] 23.10.1991 / .

[0011] The disadvantages of this alternative include the fact that the extraction of liquid hydrocarbons by this method does not provide for industrial-scale production and has not previously been used to extract hydrocarbons from natural petroleum bitumen in situ. Therefore, the implementation of this method will enable the industrial extraction of significant resources that have remained untapped due to the lack of technology for their extraction.

[0012] Also, a water-based composition for processing rocks was selected as the closest analogue, which includes a mixture of solvents and water, and has the following components: an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate with a concentration of 0.0321-0.0546 mol / l and hydrogen peroxide / SU 1685524 A1, published 23.10.1991 / .

[0013] The disadvantages of this alternative include the fact that the extraction of liquid hydrocarbons by this method does not provide for industrial-scale production and has not previously been used to extract hydrocarbons from natural petroleum bitumen in situ. Therefore, the implementation of this method will ensure the industrial extraction of significant resources that have remained untapped due to the lack of technology for their extraction.

[0014] ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The proposed method for processing bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bituminous Kirov rocks involves separating hydrocarbons with an active water-based separation system and then feeding and processing the separated hydrocarbons in a mixture with residual solids and water in a continuous pyrolysis unit. Also, in the claimed method for processing rock with an active water-based separation system, the rock is added to a preheated citric acid solution in a separation tank, followed by the addition of caustic soda, sodium hexametaphosphate, and decyl glucoside. The claimed active separation system comprises citric acid, caustic soda, sodium hexametaphosphate, decyl glucoside, and water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The objective of this technical solution is to create an effective, environmentally friendly method for processing Kirov, bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bituminous rocks in order to extract up to 99.9% of the hydrocarbon compounds contained in them in a continuous heating cycle, and suitable for use on an industrial scale in the places where they occur with minimal financial costs and without significant consumption of water resources.

[0017] The technical result achieved is to ensure a high rate of production of industrial volumes of commercial hydrocarbons, pre-separated from the rock using an environmentally friendly, non-toxic, active water-based separation complex and separated from the rock using centrifugal separation equipment, followed by processing in pyrolysis furnaces equipped with a continuous mixer mounted in a parallel circuit of the process line, if necessary, heating them to a state of distillation determined by the boiling point of the hydrocarbon fractions contained in the rock due to their heating to 500°C in the absence of access to oxygen contained in the volume of this furnace, and the production of environmentally safe production waste due to the extraction by separation and subsequent distillation of hydrocarbons from the rock,which allows for the industrial application of the technology in rock deposits with minimal financial costs and without significant consumption of water resources.

[0018] The stated problem is solved due to the fact that in the claimed method for processing Kirov, bituminous, bitumen-containing and oil-bituminous rocks, including the separation of hydrocarbons from the solid phase of the rock and the subsequent feeding and processing of the resulting mixture of hydrocarbons, residual solid phase and water in a pyrolysis unit, according to the invention, includes the stages of separation and pyrolysis: 1) at the separation stage, the rock is pre-crushed in a roller crusher to a fraction size of 0.1-50 mm, then the rock is processed with an active water-based separation complex by feeding the crushed rock by means of a conveyor into a separation tank, which is pre-filled with an active water-based separation complex and heated with thermal oil to a temperature of 50-90 ° C for 1-10 hours to achieve the required level of separation of hydrocarbons from the solid phase of the rock, then the mixture of the solid phase,water and hydrocarbons are sent to a centrifugal separator to separate them into two phases: liquid and solid,

[0019] i) at the pyrolysis stage, hydrocarbons, after separation from the solid phase and water, are sent for processing to a pyrolysis unit with a drum of at least one pyrolysis unit of the process line with further separation into solid, liquid and gaseous fractions, the rock is processed by indirect heating to a temperature of 500°C in the absence of oxygen access, then the gas-liquid fraction is cooled in a refrigerator-condenser to separate the gas and liquid phases in the separator, while the pyrolysis units are placed in a parallel circuit of the process line,

[0020] The pyrolysis unit is a continuous pyrolysis chamber equipped with at least one indirectly heated drum. The drum is made of stainless steel.

[0021] Also, the set problem is further solved due to the fact that in the claimed method of processing rock with an active water-based separation complex, including the use of solvents and water, according to the invention, water is preheated to 80-90 °C in a separation tank, then citric acid is added to the heated volume of water until the pH of the solution reaches 0 in a citric acid to rock ratio of 0.003:1 to 0.006:1 inclusive, then rock is added to the citric acid solution at a temperature above 65 °C in a water:rock ratio of 1:1 to 3:1 inclusive, then the resulting mixture of citric acid solution and rock is maintained at a temperature of 80-90 °C and a pH of 0 for 30 minutes with stirring, after which the pH of the mixture of citric acid and rock is raised to 7-10 by adding caustic soda in a caustic soda:rock ratio equal to from 0.004:1 to 0.01:1 inclusive, depending on the degree of separation of the rock from the hydrocarbons contained in it,then the mixture of the alkaline solution and the rock is kept at a temperature of 80-90°C for 2-4 hours with stirring until the rock is separated from the hydrocarbons contained therein, then while keeping the rock in the alkaline solution, sodium hexametaphosphate is added in a ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to rock equal to 0.001:1 to 0.004:1 inclusive, to improve the degree of purification and separation of the rock from the hydrocarbons contained therein, then while keeping the rock in the alkaline solution, decyl glucoside is added in a ratio of decyl glucoside: rock equal to 0.00003:1 to 0.001:1 inclusive, to improve the degree of purification and separation of the rock from the hydrocarbons contained therein, after separating the maximum possible amount of hydrocarbons from the rock, the mixture is sent for separation in a centrifugal separator into solid and liquid phases and further processing of hydrocarbons to bring them to commercial Qualities,

[0022] Moreover, the stated task is also solved due to the fact that the claimed composition of the active water-based separation complex, including a mixture of solvents and water, according to the invention, has the following components in the ratio per 1 ton of the processed amount of rock, %:

[0023] Citric acid 0.003-0.006 caustic soda 0.004-0.01 sodium hexametaphosphate 0.001-0.004 decyl glucoside 0.0003-0.001 water - the rest. The essence of the claimed method is explained by the example of its implementation using a technological process using an active water-based separation complex for extracting hydrocarbons from Kirov, bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bituminous rocks.

[0024] Figure 1 shows a flow chart for processing Kirov, bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bituminous rocks. The following items are depicted in the flow charts:

[0025] 1 - drilling rig; 2 - equipment for feeding rock onto a conveyor; 3 - conveyor; 4 - roller crusher; 5 - crushed rock conveyor; 6 - separation tank; 7 - centrifugal separator; 8 - pyrolysis unit; 9 - cooler-condenser; 10 - gas separator; 11 - tank for storing commercial oil.

[0026] The provided block diagrams do not cover and, moreover, do not limit the scope of claims for this solution, but only serve as illustrative material for a particular case of implementing the method.

[0027] Figure 2 shows the original rock (15% hydrocarbon part and 85% mineral part).

[0028] Figure 3 shows the dynamics of changes in rock samples treated with an active water-based separation complex.

[0029] Figure 4 shows the processed rock (70% hydrocarbon part and 30% mineral part).

[0030] Figure 5 shows the purified mineral part of the processed rock (70% of the original amount).

[0031] Figure 6 shows the process of obtaining hydrocarbons after pyrolysis.

[0032] In the claimed method of processing rock, including preliminary separation and extraction of hydrocarbons from the rock and their subsequent feeding into a continuous indirect heating pyrolysis furnace with rotation of the drum-type pyrolysis chamber (hereinafter referred to as the drum) of the pyrolysis furnace, mounted in a parallel chain of the process line or as a single and independent unit of the process line, before feeding into the furnace the rock, if necessary, is extracted from its location using an excavator or other equipment, moved for crushing using a conveyor or dump truck in order to achieve fraction sizes of 0.1-50 mm, crushing of the rock is carried out in a roller crusher, after crushing in the crusher the rock is fed by means of a conveyor or auger into a separation tank, where the rock is processed by an active water-based separation complex with the addition of reagents to achieve the maximum possible separation of hydrocarbons and the solid phase and then a mixture of hydrocarbons,The solid phase and the active water-based separation complex are fed to a centrifugal separator, where the mixture is separated into a solid phase and a mixture of liquid fractions of water and hydrocarbons with a residual content of the solid phase, after which the liquid fraction is separated in a separate separator into water and hydrocarbons, which are fed into an indirect heating furnace with a stirring drum for final separation into solid and liquid fractions by distillation, then the gas-liquid fraction is cooled in a refrigerator-condenser to separate the gas and liquid phases in the separator.

[0033] Preferably, the rock is processed using an active water-based separation system and indirect heating in a pyrolysis unit with a drum at temperatures up to 500°C in the absence of oxygen. Hydrocarbons are heated in a pyrolysis unit with an indirectly heated drum. Hydrocarbons are heated in a continuous pyrolysis unit equipped with at least one indirectly heated drum. Hydrocarbons are fed for heating to a continuous pyrolysis unit with a drum, mounted in a parallel circuit of the process line. Hydrocarbons can be fed to the pyrolysis unit with a drum via a conveyor.

[0034] EXAMPLES

[0035] The invention works as follows.

[0036] Bituminous, bitumen-containing, or oil-bituminous rocks are fed from a quarry (place of occurrence) by a drilling rig, or an excavator, or other equipment, along a conveyor (3) or by a dump truck into a roller crusher (4) for the purpose of crushing the rock to a fraction of 0.1-50 mm, then, using a conveyor (5), they are loaded into a separation tank (b), equipped with at least one closed circuit for the circulation of thermal oil, heated in a separate boiler, as well as internal mixers. The separation tank (6) is pre-filled with an active water-based separation complex and heated using thermal oil to a temperature of 50 to 90°C. The crushed rock is added to the separation tank (6) and mixed with the active water-based separation complex for 1 to 10 hours to achieve the required level of separation of hydrocarbons from the solid phase of the rock.Next, the mixture of solids, water, and hydrocarbons is sent to a centrifugal separator (7) for separation into two phases: liquid and solid. After separation from the solids and water, the hydrocarbons are sent for processing in a pyrolysis unit (8), for example, to increase its temperature and initiate the boiling process of the hydrocarbon fractions.

[0037] In the continuous pyrolysis unit (8), indirect heating of hydrocarbons with residual solid phase and water content to 500°C is carried out, which is necessary for boiling and distillation of hydrocarbons contained in the volume of the mixture, which is mixed in a rotating drum with blades for a more uniform distribution of heating of the mixture of hydrocarbons, residual solid phase and water and, accordingly, a more efficient evaporation of hydrocarbons. For this purpose, depending on the initial hydrocarbon content in the rock, as well as their physicochemical properties, the optimal operating mode of the continuous pyrolysis unit (8) is selected, allowing for the extraction of up to 99.9% by weight of the hydrocarbons contained in the rock in a single heating cycle in the pyrolysis unit (8). The optimal operating mode is selected empirically based on the following parameters: the temperature is increased to 500°C, if necessary, for 1 hour. The hydrocarbon release rate is measured in the commercial oil storage tank (11).

[0038] The choice of the temperature required for the extraction of hydrocarbons in a pyrolysis plant (8) and defined as 500°C in the absence of oxygen access is determined by the maximum boiling point of the hydrocarbon fractions contained in the rock.

[0039] During the heating of the mixture of hydrocarbons, solid phase and water upon reaching the boiling point, calculated as a maximum of 500°C in relation to all hydrocarbon fractions of hydrocarbons contained in the volume of the given installation, under the influence of temperature boiling and rupture of molecular bonds of high-molecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon elements occurs with restructuring of the hydrocarbon chain, and the formation of low-molecular hydrocarbon compounds with a lower boiling point, which leads to their evaporation, release from the heating zone and entry upwards of the pyrolysis installation (8) in the form of a gas phase, equipped with a refrigerator-condenser (9) and a gas separator (10), as a result of which condensation of low-molecular hydrocarbons and their accumulation in the tank (11) occurs.

[0040] The separated non-condensable gas fraction from the gas separator (10) is fed through a pipeline to the thermal oil boiler burner to maintain the heating process. In the event of an emergency, excess gas is sent for combustion in a low-pressure flare unit. The high temperatures of the process are destructive to the plant equipment, so equipment directly exposed to high temperatures, such as the drum, is preferably made of heat-resistant material.

[0041] Hydrocarbon heating is carried out in a separation tank (5), equipped with at least one thermal oil circulation circuit heated in a separate boiler. This boiler ensures the use of process gas obtained during the pyrolysis process. Rock heating is carried out in a pyrolysis unit equipped with at least one drum with blades to ensure uniform heating of hydrocarbons within the drum, accelerating the process and recovering the maximum amount of hydrocarbons.

[0042] The method and its effectiveness were studied using rock samples with characteristics consistent with organic minerals with a primary hydrocarbon base—genetically representing natural derivatives of petroleum—found in the subsurface in solid, viscous, and viscous-plastic states. The total hydrocarbon content of the rock before and after treatment was determined using a mass method.

[0043] Example 1. In a laboratory separation vessel (laboratory equipment), 150 grams of rock was mixed with an active water-based separation complex at temperatures ranging from 50°C to 90°C for 2 hours. After separation of the rock solids and hydrocarbons, they were separated using a laboratory sieve. The separated hydrocarbons, along with residual solids and water, were then heated to 500°C in a pyrolysis chamber with a heating interval of 100 degrees Celsius over 15 minutes. The hydrocarbons contained in the mixture, heated in the pyrolysis chamber, were distilled and fed into a storage tank via a condenser, where condensation of low-molecular-weight liquid compounds occurred. Gas separation occurred in the separator. The mass of the mixture loaded into the pyrolysis chamber was 60 grams; after heating for one hour and the pyrolysis process for another hour, 10 ml of water and 35 ml of hydrocarbons with a density of 0.91 g / cm were obtained. 3, which is 58.3% by weight of the loaded mixture of hydrocarbons, solid phase and water and 23.3% by weight of the original rock.

[0044] Example 2. In a laboratory separation vessel (laboratory equipment), 150 grams of rock was mixed with an active water-based separation complex at temperatures ranging from 50°C to 90°C for 1 hour. After separation of the rock solids and hydrocarbons, they were separated using a laboratory sieve. The separated hydrocarbons, along with residual solids and water, were then heated to 500°C in a pyrolysis chamber with a heating interval of 100 degrees Celsius over 15 minutes. The hydrocarbons contained in the mixture, heated in the pyrolysis chamber, were distilled and fed into a storage tank through a condenser, where condensation of low-molecular-weight liquid compounds occurred, and gas separation occurred in the separator.The mass of the mixture loaded into the pyrolysis chamber was 60 grams; after heating for one hour and the pyrolysis process for another hour, 10 ml of water and 25 ml of hydrocarbons with a density of 0.91 g / cm3 were obtained, which is 41.6% by mass of the loaded mixture of hydrocarbons, solid phase and water and 16.6% by mass of the original rock.

[0045] Example 3. In a laboratory separation vessel (laboratory equipment), 150 grams of rock was mixed with an active water-based separation complex at temperatures ranging from 50°C to 90°C for 1 hour. After separation of the rock solids and hydrocarbons, they were separated using a laboratory sieve and: The separated hydrocarbons, with residual solids and water, were then heated to 500°C in a pyrolysis chamber with a heating interval of 100 degrees Celsius over 15 minutes. The hydrocarbons contained in the mixture, heated in the pyrolysis chamber, were distilled and fed into a storage tank through a condenser, where condensation of low-molecular-weight liquid compounds occurred, and gas separation occurred in the separator.The mass of the mixture loaded into the pyrolysis chamber was 60 grams; after heating for one hour and the pyrolysis process for another hour, 15 ml of water and 20 ml of hydrocarbons with a density of 0.91 g / cm3 were obtained, which is 33.3% by mass of the loaded mixture of hydrocarbons, solid phase and water and 13.3% by mass of the original rock.

[0046] Example 4. In a laboratory separation vessel (laboratory equipment), 150 grams of rock was mixed with an active water-based separation complex at temperatures ranging from 50°C to 90°C for 2 hours. After separation of the rock solids and hydrocarbons, they were separated using a laboratory sieve. The separated hydrocarbons, along with residual solids and water, were then heated to 500°C in a pyrolysis chamber with a heating interval of 100 degrees Celsius over 15 minutes.The hydrocarbons contained in the mixture, heated in the pyrolysis chamber, were distilled and fed into the storage tank through a condenser-condenser, where condensation of low-molecular liquid compounds occurred, the separation of gases occurred in the separator. The mass of the mixture loaded into the pyrolysis chamber was 60 grams, after heating for one hour and the pyrolysis process for another hour, 15 ml of water and 25 ml of hydrocarbons with a density of 0.91 g / cm3 were obtained, which is 41.6% by mass of the loaded mixture of hydrocarbons, solid phase and water and 16.6% by mass of the original rock.

[0047] The peculiarity of this method lies in the complex preparation and processing of the rock, ensuring the applicability of the method on an industrial scale with the separation of up to 99.9% of the hydrocarbon compounds contained in the rock in a single cycle of separation and indirect heating in a pyrolysis unit with a drum with the production of environmentally friendly industrial waste, which allows for the industrial application of the technology in the places of their occurrence with minimal financial costs and without significant expenditure of water resources, thereby distinguishing the claimed method from other methods of hydrocarbon extraction from Kirov, bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bituminous rocks.

[0048] The method is effective, environmentally friendly and suitable for the extraction of hydrocarbons from Kirov, bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bituminous rocks, suitable for use on an industrial scale in the places where they occur with minimal financial costs and without significant consumption of water resources.

[0049] The composition of the active water-based separation complex is as follows:

[0050] Citric acid from 3 to 6 kg per 1 ton of rock;

[0051] Caustic soda from 4 to 10 kg per 1 ton of rock;

[0052] Sodium hexametaphosphate from 1 to 4 kg per 1 ton of rock;

[0053] Decyl glucoside from 0.3 to 1 kg per 1 ton of rock.

[0054] The study of the method of processing rock with an active water-based separation complex was also carried out using laboratory equipment.

[0055] Example 5. In a laboratory separation vessel, 150 ml of water was prepared, heated to 80°C, with 0.7 g of citric acid added to achieve a pH of 0. Then, 50 grams of rock was added to the resulting solution and maintained at a temperature of 80°C to 90°C for 30 minutes with stirring. After 30 minutes, the solution's pH was raised to 8 using 0.8 g of caustic soda. Next, 0.3 g of sodium hexametaphosphate was added to the solution until an acceptable level of separation of the rock solids and hydrocarbons was achieved. To achieve maximum efficiency in separating the rock solids from hydrocarbons, 0.1 g of decyl glucoside was added to the solution. After the separation process was completed, the solid phase of the rock and hydrocarbons were separated using a laboratory sieve, and then the separated hydrocarbons with residual content of the solid phase and water were heated to a temperature of 500°C in a pyrolysis chamber with a heating interval of 100 degrees for 15 minutes.

[0056] Example 6. In a laboratory separation vessel, 150 ml of water was prepared, heated to 80°C, with 0.8 g of citric acid added to achieve a pH of 0. Then, 100 grams of rock was added to the resulting solution and maintained at a temperature of 80°C to 90°C for 30 minutes with stirring. After 30 minutes, the solution's pH was raised to 9 using 0.9 g of caustic soda. Next, 0.4 g of sodium hexametaphosphate was added to the solution until an acceptable level of separation of the rock solids and hydrocarbons was achieved. To achieve maximum efficiency in separating the rock solids from hydrocarbons, 0.1 g of decyl glucoside was added to the solution. After the separation process was completed, the solid phase of the rock and hydrocarbons were separated using a laboratory sieve, and then the separated hydrocarbons with residual content of the solid phase and water were heated to a temperature of 500°C in a pyrolysis chamber with a heating interval of 100 degrees for 15 minutes.

[0057] Example 7. In a laboratory separation vessel, 150 ml of water was prepared, heated to 80°C, with 0.8 g of citric acid added to achieve a pH of 0. Then, 150 grams of rock was added to the resulting solution and maintained at a temperature of 80°C to 90°C for 30 minutes with stirring. After 30 minutes, the pH of the solution was raised to 9 using 1.1 g of caustic soda. Next, 0.5 g of sodium hexametaphosphate was added to the solution until an acceptable level of separation of the rock solids and hydrocarbons was achieved. To achieve maximum efficiency in separating the rock solids from the hydrocarbons, 0.1 g of decyl glucoside was added to the solution. After completion of the separation process, the solid phase of the rock and hydrocarbons were separated using a laboratory sieve, and then the separated hydrocarbons with residual content of the solid phase and water were heated to a temperature of 500°C in a pyrolysis chamber with a heating interval of 100 degrees for 15 minutes.

[0058] The tables below show the results of laboratory tests performed in December 2023.

[0059] TABLE

[0060] Laboratory test results

[0061] Parameter § Method Unit, Result | measurement

[0062] Density at 20°C [GOST 3900-85 kg / m3 3 935.9 | __.............. | Density at 15 °C | GOST ISO 3675-2014 kg / m3 3

[0063] Water content | GOST 2477-2014 % mass o,1 1 ____ 1 Concentration § GOST 21534-76(A) mg / l

[0064] chloride salts (in [

[0065] (recalculated to NaCl) |

[0066] __..............1 Mechanical | GOST 6370-18 % mass

[0067] impurities

[0068] Sulfur content | ASTM D4294 % mass 0.668 1 Flow point | ST RK ASTM D5853- °C below -36 2010

[0069] Fractional composition GOST 2177-99

[0070] Temperature of the beginning of boiling [% vol. 75.0 J §

[0071] 100°C 1% vol. 1.0 |. 1.

[0072] 120°С | % vol. 3.0 1 _................1 140°С | % vol.

[0073] 150°C 1% vol. 7.0 J 160°C | % vol. 8.5 1 180°C 1% vol. 11.5 J 200°C 1% vol. 14.0 |

[0074]

[0075] 220°С I % vol. 18.0 | 240°С | % vol. 22.0 |. 1. 4 g 250°С | % vol. 24.5 | 260°С 1 % vol. 27.5 | 280°С ) % vol. 34.0 J 300°С I % vol., 42.0 J 320°С 1 % vol. 46.0 |

[0076] _............... | 340°С ) % vol.

[0077] 350°C 1% vol. 58.0 J 360°C 1% vol. 63.0 1

[0078]

[0079] Laboratory test results

[0080] Parameter § Method Unit Result | Measurement

[0081] Mass fraction of methyl- [GOST 33690-2015 mg / kg ethyl mercaptans

[0082] Mass fraction [GOST 33690-2015 mg / kg

[0083] hydrogen sulfide

[0084] Mass fraction | GOST 11851-2018(A) % mass 0.42 | paraffin

[0085] Pressure GOST 1756-00 kPa

[0086] saturated vapor §

[0087] 1 Content | GOST 33342-2015 (B) mg / kg organochlorine

[0088] connections §

[0089] Asphaltenes § ST AO % mass 0.41

[0090] 1 970940000588-30- I 2014

[0091]

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION 1. A method for processing coal, bituminous, bitumen-containing, and oil-bituminous rocks, including the separation of hydrocarbons from the solid phase of the rock and the subsequent feeding and processing of the resulting mixture of hydrocarbons, residual solid phase, and water in a pyrolysis unit, characterized in that it includes the stages of separation and pyrolysis: 1) at the separation stage, the rock is pre-crushed in a roller crusher to a fraction size of 0.1-50 mm, then the rock is processed with an active water-based separation complex by feeding the crushed rock via a conveyor into a separation tank, which is pre-filled with an active water-based separation complex and heated with thermal oil to a temperature of 50-90 ° C for 1-10 hours to achieve the required level of separation of hydrocarbons from the solid phase of the rock, then the mixture of the solid phase, water and hydrocarbons is sent to a centrifugal separator for separation into two phases: liquid and solid. n) at the pyrolysis stage, hydrocarbons, after separation from the solid phase and water, are sent for processing to a pyrolysis unit with a drum of at least one pyrolysis unit of the process line with further separation into solid, liquid and gaseous fractions, the rock is processed by indirect heating to a temperature of 500°C in the absence of oxygen access, then the gas-liquid fraction is cooled in a refrigerator-condenser to separate the gas and liquid phases in a separator, while the pyrolysis units are placed in a parallel circuit of the process line, 2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the pyrolysis unit used is a continuous pyrolysis chamber equipped with at least one indirect heating drum.

3. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a drum made of stainless steel is used as the pyrolysis unit, 4. A method for processing rock with an active water-based separation complex, including the use of reagents and water, characterized in that water is first heated to 80-90°C in a separation tank, then citric acid is added to the heated volume of water until the pH of the solution reaches 0 in a citric acid:rock ratio of 0.003:1 to 0.006:1 inclusive, then rock is added to the citric acid solution at a temperature above 65°C in a water:rock ratio. equal to 1:1 to 3:1 inclusive, then the resulting mixture of citric acid solution and rock is maintained at a temperature of 80-90°C and a pH level of 0 for 30 minutes with stirring, after which the pH level of the mixture of citric acid and rock is raised to 7-10 by adding caustic soda in a caustic soda:rock ratio of 0.004:1 to 0.01:1 inclusive, depending on the degree of separation of the rock from the hydrocarbons contained therein,then the mixture of the alkaline solution and the rock is maintained at a temperature of 80-90°C for 2-4 hours with stirring until the rock is separated from the hydrocarbons contained therein, then while the rock is maintained in the alkaline solution, sodium hexametaphosphate is added in a ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate:rock equal to from 0.001:1 to 0.004:1 inclusive, then while the rock is maintained in the alkaline solution, decyl glucoside is added in a ratio of decyl glucoside:rock equal to from 0.0003:1 to 0.001:1 inclusive, after separating the maximum possible amount of hydrocarbons from the rock, the mixture is sent for separation in a centrifugal separator into solid and liquid phases and further processing of hydrocarbons to bring them to commercial quality.

5. The composition of the active water-based separation complex, comprising a mixture of reagents and water, characterized in that it has the following components in the ratio per 1 ton of processed rock quantity. %: citric acid 0.003 -0.006 caustic soda 0.004 -0.01 sodium hexametaphosphate 0.001 -0.004 decyl glucoside 0.0003 -0.001 water the rest.

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