Method for establishing seismic survey and observation system with high reliability

An observation system and seismic exploration technology, applied in the field of oil and gas seismic exploration, can solve the problems of incompatibility with the actual situation of underground strata, low efficiency of numerical simulation, failure to consider the absorption and attenuation of the medium, etc.

CN107490808AActive Publication Date: 2017-12-19CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Current Assignee / Owner
Publication Date
2017-12-19

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas and seismic exploration especially relates to a method for establishing a seismic survey and observation system with high reliability. By using the method, the high-efficiency and high-precision seismic wave numerical simulation can be completed, the observation system can be reasonably evaluated through the seismic wave numerical simulation, and an obtained imaging result of the seismic survey and observation system for an underground stratum is more reliable. The method comprises the steps of establishing a 3D layered stratum model, designing multiple alternative seismic survey and observation systems, using the finite frequency Snell law to track the propagation path of each shot detection for seismic wave main energy, calculating energy transmitted to an earth surface by a seismic wave and range distribution, obtaining ray beam core amplitude distribution, forming a common shot point gather, calculating accumulated energy of a target layer surface mesh at different offset and azimuth angle segments, carrying out prestack depth migration on a simulated common shot point gather, drawing an accumulated energy diagram of the target layer surface mesh at different offset and azimuth angle segments, and determining an optimal observation system.
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Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration, in particular to a method for establishing a high-reliability seismic exploration observation system. Background technique

[0002] With the continuous deepening of exploration and development of oil and gas fields in my country, the structure of geological targets is becoming more and more complex, which puts forward higher requirements for the existing seismic exploration observation system. However, the existing conventional seismic exploration observation system is limited by factors such as seismic forward modeling methods, so that its observation coverage, uniformity, and azimuth distribution cannot meet the needs of actual work. Taking the seismic forward numerical simulation method as an example, the existing seismic forward numerical simulation methods can be mainly divided into the following three categories: The first category is the wave equation forward modeling method....

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0070] Embodiment 1: Establishment of a 3D land seismic exploration observation system for a block in Shengli Oilfield.

[0071] in, figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional layered geological model established and used; in this model, the formation velocity and quality factor of each layer are constant, and the quality factor is automatically calculated according to the empirical formula between velocity and quality factor. image 3 Schematic diagram of the seismic exploration observation system designed for . Among them, keeping other observation system parameters unchanged, only changing the track spacing, three alternative seismic exploration observation systems with track spacing of 25m, 12.5m, and 10m were designed respectively. Figure 4 In order to use the conventional Gaussian beam method ( Figure 4 left part) and the numerical simulation method in the present invention ( Figure 4 Right part) comparison results of single-shot records obtained by...

Embodiment 2

[0073] Embodiment 2: The establishment of a three-dimensional land seismic exploration and observation system for a block in Shengli Oilfield.

[0074] in, Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the vertical slice of the established 3D layered geological model; in this model, the formation velocity and quality factor of each layer are constant, and the quality factor is automatically calculated according to the empirical formula between velocity and quality factor. On the basis of the theoretical observation system design, the observation system is adjusted in combination with the surface conditions of the work area, and the following results are obtained: Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the seismic exploration observation system of the design shown.

[0075] In order to determine the imaging effect of the target layer of the designed seismic exploration observation system, the numerical simulation method in the present invention is used to carry out forward modeling, and the followin...