A Method of Establishing a High Reliability Seismic Exploration Observation System

An observation system and seismic exploration technology, applied in the field of oil and gas seismic exploration, can solve the problems such as the inability to consider the absorption and attenuation of the medium, the incompatibility of the actual situation of the underground rock formation, and the low efficiency of numerical simulation.

CN107490808BActive Publication Date: 2019-02-15CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Patents(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Publication Date
2019-02-15

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration, and in particular to a method for establishing a high-reliability seismic exploration observation system. This method can be used to complete efficient and high-precision seismic wave numerical simulation work, and make a reasonable evaluation of the observation system through seismic wave numerical simulation. The resulting seismic exploration observation system is also more reliable in imaging underground rock formations. The establishment method includes establishing a three-dimensional layered stratigraphic model, designing multiple alternative seismic exploration observation systems, using the finite frequency Snell's law to detect the main energy propagation path of seismic waves for each shot, and calculating the energy and range distribution of seismic waves propagating to the surface. situation, obtain the core amplitude distribution of the ray beam, form a common shot point gather, calculate the accumulated energy of the target layer surface grid in different offset and azimuth angle segments, and perform pre-stack depth migration on the simulated common shot point gather , draw the cumulative energy diagram of the target layer surface grid under different offsets and azimuth angle segments, and determine the best observation system.
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Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration, in particular to a method for establishing a high-reliability seismic exploration observation system. Background technique

[0002] With the continuous deepening of exploration and development of oil and gas fields in my country, the structure of geological targets is becoming more and more complex, which puts forward higher requirements for the existing seismic exploration observation system. However, the existing conventional seismic exploration observation system is limited by factors such as seismic forward modeling methods, so that its observation coverage, uniformity, and azimuth distribution cannot meet the needs of actual work. Taking the seismic forward numerical simulation method as an example, the existing seismic forward numerical simulation methods can be mainly divided into the following three categories: The first category is the wave equation forward modeling method....

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0070] Embodiment 1: Establishment of a 3D onshore seismic exploration observation system for a block in Shengli Oilfield.

[0071] in, figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional layered geological model established and used; in this model, the velocity and quality factor of each layer are constant, and the quality factor is automatically calculated according to the empirical formula between velocity and quality factor. image 3 Schematic diagram of the designed seismic exploration observation system. Among them, keeping the parameters of other observation systems unchanged, only changing the track spacing, three alternative seismic exploration observation systems with track spacings of 25m, 12.5m, and 10m were designed respectively. Figure 4 In order to use the conventional Gaussian beam method ( Figure 4 left part) and the numerical simulation method in the present invention ( Figure 4 Right part) Comparison results of single-shot records obtained by si...

Embodiment 2

[0073] Embodiment 2: Establishment of a 3D onshore seismic exploration observation system for a block in Shengli Oilfield.

[0074] in, Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the vertical slice of the established 3D layered geological model; in this model, the velocity and quality factor of each layer are constant, and the quality factor is automatically calculated according to the empirical formula between velocity and quality factor. On the basis of the theoretical observation system design, the observation system is adjusted according to the surface conditions of the work area, and the following results are obtained: Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the designed seismic exploration observation system shown.

[0075] In order to determine the imaging effect of the target layer of the designed seismic exploration observation system, the numerical simulation method in the present invention is used to carry out forward modeling, as follows Figure 9 Single shot recording shown. Specif...