A battery control device and an electric vehicle

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a battery control device and an electric vehicle, which relate to the field of new energy technologies. The battery control device is used to control whether the battery is charged or discharged. The battery control device includes a controller, a driving unit, and a semiconductor switch unit. The controller, the driving unit, the semiconductor switch unit, and the battery are electrically connected in sequence; the controller is used to send a control signal to the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the semiconductor switch unit to be in a conducting state or a disconnecting state according to the control signal; the semiconductor switch unit is used to control whether the battery is charged or discharged under the drive of the driving unit. This battery control device has the advantages of fast response speed, improved integration degree and lightweight degree of the distribution box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy, and more particularly, to a battery control device and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] When the battery of an existing electric vehicle discharges to a load and a charging gun charges the battery through a charging port, a high-voltage DC relay is generally used on a high-voltage distribution box to control the on / off between the battery, the load, and the charging port. Since the high-voltage DC relay is relatively large in size, the space utilization rate of the high-voltage distribution box is low, and the heat generation is not concentrated, which is not conducive to the integration of the high-voltage distribution box. Moreover, the high-voltage DC relay generates a magnetic field by energizing a coil to attract the contact, and there is a delay in the process from the coil being powered on / off to the relay contact acting. There is a delay when the battery discharges to the load and when the battery is charged, and the timeliness is not high. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery control device and an electric vehicle. The battery control device has the advantages of fast response speed, improved integration degree and lightweight degree of the distribution box.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery control device for controlling whether the battery charges or discharges. The battery control device includes a controller, a driving unit, and a semiconductor switch unit. The controller, the driving unit, the semiconductor switch unit, and the battery are electrically connected in sequence; the controller is used to send a control signal to the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the semiconductor switch unit to be in a conducting state or a disconnecting state according to the control signal; the semiconductor switch unit is used to control whether the battery charges or discharges under the drive of the driving unit.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, including a battery, a distribution box, and a battery control device. The battery control device is electrically connected to the battery, and the battery control device is arranged in the distribution box; the battery control device is used to control whether the battery charges or discharges. The battery control device includes a controller, a driving unit, and a semiconductor switch unit. The controller, the driving unit, the semiconductor switch unit, and the battery are electrically connected in sequence; the controller is used to send a control signal to the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the semiconductor switch unit to be in a conducting state or a disconnecting state according to the control signal; the semiconductor switch unit is used to control whether the battery charges or discharges under the drive of the driving unit.

[0007] A battery control device and an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention control whether the battery is charged or discharged through the battery control device. The battery control device includes a controller, a driving unit, and a semiconductor switch unit. The controller, the driving unit, the semiconductor switch unit, and the battery are electrically connected in sequence; the controller is used to send a control signal to the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the semiconductor switch unit to be in a conducting state or a disconnecting state according to the control signal; the semiconductor switch unit is used to control whether the battery is charged or discharged under the drive of the driving unit. It can be seen that the semiconductor switch unit is used to replace the high-voltage DC relay to control whether the battery is charged or discharged. Compared with the high-voltage relay at the same current level, the outer shape height of the semiconductor switch unit is only one-third of that of the high-voltage DC relay, and some are even only one-fifth of that of the high-voltage DC relay, which can greatly reduce the size of the distribution box; because the semiconductor switch unit has the advantage of concentrated heat, it can greatly improve the integration and light weight of the distribution box; and the semiconductor switch unit also has the characteristic of fast response speed, which can also improve the timeliness of battery charging and discharging.

[0008] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically enumerates preferred embodiments and, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, makes a detailed description as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0010] Figure 1 Shows the structural block diagram of the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 Shows the structural block diagram of the first battery control device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 The circuit schematic diagram of the battery control device in

[0013] Figure 4 Shows Figure 2 The circuit schematic diagram of the connection between the battery control device and the positive electrode of the battery in

[0014] Figure 5 Shows Figure 2 The circuit schematic diagram of the connection between the battery control device and the negative electrode of the battery in

[0015] Figure 6The block diagram of the second battery control device provided by the embodiments of the present invention is shown;

[0016] Figure 7 is shown Figure 6 the circuit schematic diagram of the battery control device in

[0017] Icons: 1 - electric vehicle; 10 - battery control device; 11 - controller; 12 - drive unit; 13 - semiconductor switch unit; 14 - isolation unit; 20 - distribution box; 30 - battery; 40 - load; 50 - charging port; Q1 - first switching transistor; Q2 - second switching transistor; Q3 - first triode; Q4 - second triode; R1 - first resistor; R2 - second resistor; R3 - third resistor; R4 - fourth resistor; R5 - fifth resistor; R6 - sixth resistor; R7 - seventh resistor; R8 - eighth resistor; R9 - ninth resistor; D1 - first diode; D2 - second diode; D3 - third diode; D4 - fourth diode; C1 - first capacitor; C2 - second capacitor; C3 - third capacitor; U - optocoupler. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] As Figure 1 shown, the schematic structural diagram of the electric vehicle 1 provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes a battery 30, a distribution box 20 and a battery control device 10. The battery control device 10 is electrically connected to the battery 30, and the battery control device 10 is arranged in the distribution box 20; the battery control device 10 is used to control whether the battery 30 is charged or discharged.

[0021] It can be understood that the electric vehicle 1 further includes a load 40 and a charging port 50, and the battery 30 is electrically connected to the load 40 and the charging port 50 through a battery control device 10 in the distribution box 20. The battery control device 10 is used to control whether the battery 30 is in a conducting state or a disconnected state with each load 40. If the battery control device 10 controls the battery 30 to be in a conducting state with each load 40, the battery 30 will distribute its voltage to each load 40 to provide the working voltage required for each load 40. If the battery control device 10 controls the battery 30 to be in a disconnected state with each load 40, the battery 30 will stop distributing its voltage to each load 40. The battery control device 10 is also used to control whether the battery 30 is in a conducting state or a disconnected state with the charging port 50. If the battery control device 10 controls the battery 30 to be in a conducting state with the charging port 50, the charging pile can charge the battery 30 through the charging port 50. If the battery control device 10 controls the battery 30 to be in a disconnected state with the charging port 50, the charging pile cannot charge the battery 30.

[0022] Among them, the load 40 is a high-voltage component in the electric vehicle 1, and specifically can be a motor controller, an inverter, an inverter power supply, an electric air conditioner, and electric defrosting, etc.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 2 , which is the structural block diagram of the battery control device 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The battery control device 10 includes a controller 11, a driving unit 12, and a semiconductor switch unit 13. The controller 11, the driving unit 12, the semiconductor switch unit 13, and the battery 30 are electrically connected in sequence.

[0024] In this embodiment, the controller 11 is used to send a control signal to the driving unit 12; the driving unit 12 is used to drive the semiconductor switch unit 13 to be in a conducting state or a disconnected state according to the control signal; the semiconductor switch unit 13 is used to control whether the battery 30 is charged or discharged under the drive of the driving unit 12.

[0025] It can be understood that the control signal can be a PWM signal. The driving unit 12 is used to amplify the PWM signal and send the amplified PWM signal to the semiconductor switch unit 13. The semiconductor switch unit 13 is in a conducting state during the high-voltage time period of the PWM signal, so as to control the battery 30 to discharge to the load 40 or control the battery 30 to be charged through the charging port 50. The semiconductor switch unit 13 is in a disconnected state during the low-voltage time period of the PWM signal, so as to control the battery 30 to stop discharging to the load 40 or control the battery 30 to stop charging.

[0026] In this embodiment, the controller 11 can also adjust the duty cycle of the output PWM signal according to the state of the battery 30 of the electric vehicle 1 and the performance of the load 40, so as to adjust the output power of the battery 30. For example, when the battery 30 is in good condition and the performance of all loads 40 on the electric vehicle 1 is good, the controller 11 can adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal to 100%, so as to control the semiconductor switch unit 13 to be always in the on state, so that the battery 30 outputs the maximum power; when power output limitation is required, the controller 11 can adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal to a suitable duty cycle according to the requirement, so as to control the semiconductor switch unit 13 to be in a suitable on time.

[0027] In this embodiment, the semiconductor switch unit 13 includes multiple switching tubes, and the driving unit 12 includes multiple triodes. The multiple switching tubes are respectively and electrically connected to the multiple triodes in one-to-one correspondence. The multiple switching tubes are all electrically connected to the battery 30, and the multiple triodes are all electrically connected to the controller 11.

[0028] It can be understood that the multi-tube parallel connection method can reduce the current flowing through a single switching tube, and thus can reduce the temperature rise of a single switching tube caused by the current. In actual use, the number of switching tubes can be determined according to actual requirements.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the number of switching tubes is designed to be two, and the triodes of the driving unit 12 are correspondingly set to be two. As Figures 3 - 5 shown, the multiple switching tubes include a first switching tube Q1 and a second switching tube Q2, the multiple triodes include a first triode Q3 and a second triode Q4. The first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected to the first triode Q3 and the battery 30, the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected to the second triode Q4 and the battery 30, and the first triode Q3 and the second triode Q4 are both electrically connected to the controller 11.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first triode Q3 includes a first base, a first emitter and a first collector, the second triode Q4 includes a second base, a second emitter and a second collector. The first base and the second base are both electrically connected to the controller 11, the first emitter is electrically connected to the first switching tube Q1, the first collector is electrically connected to the first power supply, the second emitter is electrically connected to both the second switching tube Q2 and the first emitter, and the second collector is electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device 10.

[0031] It can be understood that the first power supply is the total voltage of the electric vehicle 1. The first base and the second base receive the PWM signal sent by the controller 11 at the same time, that is, the PWM signals received by the first base and the second base are the same signal. During the high-level period of the PWM signal, both the first triode Q3 and the second triode Q4 are in the on state. The emitter of the first triode Q3 provides a high level to the first switching tube Q1, thereby making the first switching tube Q1 in the on state. The emitter of the second triode Q4 provides a high level to the second switching tube Q2, thereby making the second switching tube Q2 in the on state. When the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are in the on state, the battery 30 can discharge the load 40 or the battery 30 can be charged through the charging port 50. During the low-level period of the PWM signal, both the first triode Q3 and the second triode Q4 are in the off state. The emitter of the first triode Q3 cannot provide a high level to the first switching tube Q1, thereby making the first switching tube Q1 in the off state. The emitter of the second triode Q4 cannot provide a high level to the second switching tube Q2, thereby making the second switching tube Q2 in the off state. When the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are in the off state, the battery 30 stops discharging the load 40 or the battery 30 cannot be charged through the charging port 50.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the driving unit 12 further includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2. The anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first triode Q3, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first switching tube Q1. The anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to both the second switching tube Q2 and the cathode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second triode Q4.

[0033] It can be understood that the anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first emitter, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the second emitter. The first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are used to prevent the trailing phenomenon when the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are turned on and off. The trailing generated when the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are turned on and off will cause the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 to operate in the linear region. When the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 operate in the linear region, the temperature rise is obvious, which will cause serious impacts on the use of the entire product.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the driving unit 12 further includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. The first resistor R1 is electrically connected between the first emitter and the anode of the first diode D1, and the second resistor R2 is electrically connected between the second emitter and the cathode of the second diode D2. The first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are used for current limiting to prevent the current generated by the first emitter and the second emitter from being too large and damaging the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2.

[0035] As Figure 4 shown, it is Figure 2 the circuit schematic diagram when the battery control device 10 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 30. Each switching tube includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin. When the battery control device 10 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery 30, the first pin of each switching tube is respectively electrically connected to the corresponding triode, the second pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery 30, and the third pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device 10.

[0036] It can be understood that the first pin of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected to the emitter of the first triode Q3 through the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1, the first pin of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected to the emitter of the second triode Q4 through the second resistor R2 and the second diode D2, the second pins of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are both electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery 30, the third pins of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are both electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device 10, and the output end of the battery control device 10 is electrically connected to the load 40 or the charging port 50.

[0037] As Figure 5 shown, it is Figure 2 the circuit schematic diagram when the battery control device 10 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery 30. Each switching tube includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin. When the battery control device 10 is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery 30, the first pin of each switching tube is respectively electrically connected to the corresponding triode, the second pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device 10, and the third pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery 30.

[0038] It can be understood that the first pin of the first switching tube Q1 is electrically connected to the emitter of the first triode Q3 through the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1, the first pin of the second switching tube Q2 is electrically connected to the emitter of the second triode Q4 through the second resistor R2 and the second diode D2, the second pins of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are both electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device 10, the third pins of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are both electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery 30, and the output end of the battery control device 10 is electrically connected to the load 40 or the charging port 50.

[0039] In this embodiment, the switching tube can be an IGBT, a BJT or a MOS tube. Preferably, the switching tube in the embodiment of the present invention is an IGBT, where the first pin of the switching tube represents the gate of the IGBT, the second pin of the switching tube represents the collector of the IGBT, and the third pin of the switching tube represents the emitter of the IGBT.

[0040] Further, in this embodiment, the semiconductor switch unit 13 further includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4. The third resistor R3 is electrically connected between the first diode D1 and the first switch Q1, and the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected between the second diode D2 and the second switch Q2. Both the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are used for current limiting to prevent the currents received by the first pins of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 from being too large and damaging the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2.

[0041] Further, in this embodiment, the semiconductor switch unit 13 further includes a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. One end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to both the first pin of the first switch Q1 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to both the third pin of the first switch Q1 and the other end of the fifth resistor R5; One end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to both the first pin of the second switch Q2 and one end of the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to both the third pin of the second switch Q2 and the other end of the sixth resistor R6.

[0042] Among them, the first capacitor C1 and the fifth resistor R5 form an RC filter circuit, and the second capacitor C2 and the sixth resistor R6 form an RC filter circuit. The filter circuit formed by the first capacitor C1 and the fifth resistor R5 is used to filter the first switch Q1 to filter out the clutter in the voltage output by the first switch Q1 to the output port; The filter circuit formed by the second capacitor C2 and the sixth resistor R6 is used to filter the second switch Q2 to filter out the clutter in the voltage output by the second switch Q2 to the output port.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 6 For Figure 1 Another implementable manner of the battery control device 10 shown in the figure, the battery control device 10 further includes an isolation unit 14, and the isolation unit 14 is electrically connected between the controller 11 and the driving unit 12; The isolation unit 14 is used to transmit the control signal sent by the controller 11 to the driving unit 12.

[0044] As Figure 7 shown, in this embodiment, the isolation unit 14 includes an optocoupler U. The optocoupler U includes a receiving end and a controlled end. The receiving end is electrically connected to the controller 11, and the controlled end is electrically connected to the driving unit 12.

[0045] It can be understood that in Figure 2An isolation unit 14 is added to the battery control device 10 described above. Therefore, a semiconductor switch unit 13 is also electrically connected to the rear end of the driving unit 12. The semiconductor switch unit 13 is electrically connected to the battery 30. The structures of the driving unit 12 and the semiconductor switch unit 13 are the same as those described above.

[0046] Taking the number of switching tubes and triodes both set to 2 as an example, the receiving end of the optocoupler U includes a first receiving end and a second receiving end. The first receiving end is electrically connected to the second power supply, and the second receiving end is electrically connected to the controller 11. Among them, the second power supply is the power supply that provides the working voltage for the controller 11. The controlled end of the optocoupler U includes a first controlled end, a second controlled end, and a third controlled end. The first controlled end is electrically connected to the first power supply. The second controlled end is electrically connected to both the first base of the first triode Q3 and the second base of the second triode Q4. The third controlled end is electrically connected to the second collector of the second triode Q4.

[0047] The second controlled end generates a corresponding control signal according to the control signal received by the second receiving end. It can be understood that the control signal generated by the controller 11 received by the second receiving end of the optocoupler U is a weak electrical signal, and the control signal generated by the second controlled end of the optocoupler U corresponding to the control signal generated by the controller 11 is a strong electrical control signal. Using the optocoupler U to isolate the controller 11 can protect the controller 11 from being affected by the driving unit 12 and the semiconductor switch unit 13, and prevent the controller 11 from being damaged by strong electricity.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the isolation unit 14 further includes a seventh resistor R7. The seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected between the second power supply and the first receiving end.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the isolation unit 14 further includes an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a third capacitor C3. One end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the second controlled end. The other end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9, one end of the third capacitor C3, the first base, and the second base. The other ends of the ninth resistor R9 and the third capacitor C3 are both electrically connected to the third controlled end. The eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9, and the third capacitor C3 are used to filter the control signal output by the second controlled end. The eighth resistor R8 also functions as a current limiting resistor.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the isolation unit 14 further includes a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4. The anode of the third diode D3 and the cathode of the fourth diode D4 are both electrically connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8, one end of the ninth resistor R9, one end of the third capacitor C3, the first base, and the second base. The cathode of the third diode D3 is electrically connected to the second power supply. The anode of the fourth diode D4 is electrically connected to the third controlled end.

[0051] The third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are used to prevent the first triode Q3 and the second triode Q4 from flowing backward and damaging the optocoupler U.

[0052] In this embodiment, the controller 11 is also electrically connected to the detection unit of the electric vehicle 1. The detection unit is used to send the current signal and voltage signal of each load 40 to the controller 11. The controller 11 is used to determine whether there is an overcurrent or overload condition for each load 40 according to the current signal and voltage signal of each load 40. When an overcurrent or overload condition occurs in the load 40, the controller 11 adjusts the duty cycle of the control signal to 0%, thereby controlling the semiconductor switch unit 13 to be always in the off state, and thus preventing the load 40 from being permanently damaged.

[0053] Compared with the existing method of using a high-voltage DC relay to control the output of the battery 30, the contacts of the existing high-voltage DC relay are connected in series with a fuse to achieve overcurrent or overload protection for the load 40. Since the fuse burns out, it needs to be replaced and repaired, increasing the after-sales maintenance cost. The battery control device 10 of the present invention determines that an overcurrent or overload condition occurs in the load 40 through the controller 11, and then quickly shuts off the output of the battery 30 to prevent the load 40 from being permanently damaged. The fuse can be omitted, reducing the after-sales maintenance cost. Moreover, the response speed of this solution is faster, and the overcurrent and overload protection for the load 40 is more reliable.

[0054] Among them, the controller 11 can be a vehicle controller or a controller of the battery 30 management system, and the controller 11 can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0055] In summary, the battery control device and the electric vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention control whether the battery is charged or discharged through the battery control device. The battery control device includes a controller, a driving unit, and a semiconductor switch unit. The controller, the driving unit, the semiconductor switch unit, and the battery are electrically connected in sequence; the controller is used to send a control signal to the driving unit; the driving unit is used to drive the semiconductor switch unit to be in a conduction state or a disconnection state according to the control signal; the semiconductor switch unit is used to control whether the battery is charged or discharged under the drive of the driving unit. It can be seen that using a semiconductor switch unit to replace a high-voltage DC relay to control whether the battery is charged or discharged, compared with a semiconductor switch unit and a high-voltage relay of the same current level, the outer shape height of the semiconductor switch unit is only one-third of that of the high-voltage DC relay, and some are even only one-fifth of that of the high-voltage DC relay, which can greatly reduce the size of the distribution box; due to the advantage of heat concentration of the semiconductor switch unit, the integration degree and light weight of the distribution box can be greatly improved; and the semiconductor switch unit also has the characteristic of fast response speed, which can also improve the timeliness of battery charging and discharging.

[0056] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

Claims

1. A battery control device, installed in the distribution box of an electric vehicle, for controlling whether the battery is charged or discharged, characterized in that: The battery control device includes a controller, a drive unit, and a semiconductor switch unit, wherein the controller, the drive unit, the semiconductor switch unit, and the battery are electrically connected in sequence; The controller is used to send a control signal to the driving unit; The driving unit is used to drive the semiconductor switch unit to an on state or an off state according to the control signal; The semiconductor switch unit is used to control whether the battery is charged or discharged under the drive of the drive unit; The semiconductor switch unit includes a plurality of switch tubes, the drive unit includes a plurality of transistors, the plurality of switch tubes are electrically connected to the plurality of transistors in a one-to-one correspondence, the plurality of switch tubes are electrically connected to the battery, and the plurality of transistors are electrically connected to the controller; The control signal is a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal, and the driving unit is used to amplify the PWM signal and send the amplified PWM signal to the semiconductor switch unit.

2. The battery control device according to claim 1, wherein Each of the switching tubes includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin. When the battery control device is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the first pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the corresponding triode, the second pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery, and the third pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device.

3. The battery control device according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the switching tubes includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin. When the battery control device is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the first pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the corresponding triode, the second pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device, and the third pin of each switching tube is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery.

4. The battery control device according to claim 1, wherein: The multiple switching tubes include a first switching tube and a second switching tube, and the multiple triodes include a first triode and a second triode. The first switching tube is electrically connected to the first triode and the battery, the second switching tube is electrically connected to the second triode and the battery, and the first triode and the second triode are electrically connected to the controller.

5. The battery control device according to claim 4, wherein: The first transistor includes a first base, a first emitter and a first collector, and the second transistor includes a second base, a second emitter and a second collector. The first base and the second base are both electrically connected to the controller, the first emitter is electrically connected to the first switch tube, the first collector is electrically connected to a first power supply, the second emitter is electrically connected to the second switch tube and the first emitter, and the second collector is electrically connected to the output end of the battery control device.

6. The battery control device according to claim 4, wherein: The driving unit also includes a first diode and a second diode, the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first transistor, the cathode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first switching tube, the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second switching tube and the cathode of the first diode, and the cathode of the second diode is electrically connected to the second transistor.

7. The battery control device according to claim 1, wherein: The battery control device further includes an isolation unit, wherein the isolation unit is electrically connected between the controller and the drive unit; The isolation unit is used to transmit the control signal sent by the controller to the driving unit.

8. The battery control device according to claim 7, wherein: The isolation unit includes an optical coupler, and the optical coupler includes a receiving end and a controlled end. The receiving end is electrically connected to the controller, and the controlled end is electrically connected to the driving unit.

9. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: comprising a battery, a distribution box, and the battery control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the battery control device is electrically connected to the battery and is disposed in the distribution box; The battery control device is used to control whether the battery is charged or discharged.

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