Non-contact non-destructive detection method, terminal equipment and system for ballastless track defects

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of railway infrastructure detection, and provides a non-contact non-destructive detection method, terminal equipment and system for ballastless track defects, the method comprising: obtaining elastic wave signals reflected by the ballastless track to be tested; filtering the elastic wave signals; performing zero-mean processing on the elastic wave signals after filtering; performing Fourier transform on the elastic wave signals after zero-mean processing to obtain amplitude spectrum data; judging whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum data. The present invention can obtain accurate detection results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of road traffic, and in particular relates to a non-contact non-destructive detection method, terminal equipment and system for ballastless track defects. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the stability of high-speed railway tracks, high-speed railway tracks use ballastless tracks, which are mainly composed of concrete bases, mortar layers, track plates, and fastener rails. Under high passenger and freight volumes, the defects of ballastless tracks are increasing. In order to ensure the safe operation of high-speed railways, it is necessary to detect ballastless track defects. At present, traditional ballastless track defect detection methods include ultrasonic and radar detection methods. However, due to the large number of steel structures distributed inside the ballastless track, the propagation of ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves will be interfered. When detecting defects in ballastless tracks by ultrasonic or radar detection methods, the detection results are inaccurate. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-contact non-destructive detection method, terminal device and system for ballastless track defects to solve the problem of inaccurate ballastless track defect detection results in the prior art.

[0004] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects, comprising:

[0005] Obtaining elastic wave signals reflected by the ballastless track to be tested;

[0006] Performing filtering processing on the elastic wave signal;

[0007] Performing zero-mean processing on the elastic wave signal after filtering;

[0008] Performing Fourier transform on the elastic wave signal after zero-mean processing to obtain amplitude spectrum data;

[0009] Whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects is determined according to the amplitude spectrum data.

[0010] In a possible implementation, judging whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum data includes:

[0011] According to the expression Determine the upper limit of the first frequency band, according to the expression determining a lower limit of the first frequency band;

[0012] According to the expression Determine the upper limit of the second frequency band, according to the expression determining a lower limit of the second frequency band;

[0013] Determine the amplitude spectrum data corresponding to the first frequency band Δf1=[f 11 ,f 12 ] and the corresponding amplitudes to obtain the first amplitude;

[0014] Determine the value corresponding to the second frequency band Δf2=[f 21 ,f 22 ] and the corresponding amplitudes to obtain the second amplitude;

[0015] Determine whether the ratio of the first amplitude to the second amplitude exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, the ballastless track to be tested has defects, if not, the ballastless track to be tested does not have defects;

[0016] The ballastless track to be tested is composed of track slab, concrete layer, support layer and roadbed layer from top to bottom; D1 is the thickness of the track slab, D2 is the thickness of the concrete layer, D3 is the thickness of the support layer, D4 is the thickness of the roadbed, β is the shape coefficient of the ballastless track to be tested, C p is the P-wave velocity.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the filtering of the elastic wave signal includes:

[0018] The elastic wave signal is subjected to bandpass filtering, wherein, according to the expression Determine the lower cutoff frequency of the bandpass filter, according to the expression Determine the upper cutoff frequency of the bandpass filter;

[0019] The ballastless track to be tested is composed of track slab, concrete layer, support layer and roadbed layer from top to bottom; D1 is the thickness of the track slab, D2 is the thickness of the concrete layer, D3 is the thickness of the support layer, D4 is the thickness of the roadbed, β is the shape coefficient of the ballastless track to be tested, C p is the P-wave velocity, f a is the first offset, f b is the second offset.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, before filtering the elastic wave signal, the method further includes:

[0021] determining a standard deviation of the amplitude of the elastic wave signal;

[0022] Data in the elastic wave signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset multiple of the standard deviation is removed.

[0023] A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-contact non-destructive detection device for ballastless track defects, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention are implemented.

[0024] A third aspect of the present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When a processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the steps of the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention are implemented.

[0025] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects, comprising: an excitation unit, a signal acquisition unit and a control unit; the control unit is connected to the excitation unit and the signal acquisition unit respectively;

[0026] The control unit is used to control the excitation unit to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track to be tested;

[0027] The control unit is also used to control the signal acquisition unit to acquire the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track to be tested, and receive the elastic wave signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit;

[0028] The control unit is further used to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In a possible implementation, it also includes a detection frame and a drive motor; the excitation unit and the signal acquisition unit are respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the detection frame; the drive motor is respectively connected to the control unit and the detection frame; the control unit is used to control the drive motor to drive the detection frame to move along the ballastless track.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the detection frame includes: a first guide rail, a second guide rail, a mounting plate and a support frame; the drive motor includes a first drive motor and a second drive motor; the support frame passes through the mounting plate; the support frame is installed on the ballastless track to be tested; the excitation unit and the signal acquisition unit are respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the mounting plate;

[0031] A first slider is provided on the first guide rail, the first slider is connected to the mounting plate, and the first drive motor is connected to the control unit and the first slider respectively; the control unit is used to control the first drive motor to drive the mounting plate to move along the first guide rail;

[0032] The second guide rail is provided with a second slider, and the second slider is connected to the first guide rail; the second drive motor is connected to the control unit and the second slider respectively; the control unit is used to control the second drive motor to drive the mounting plate to move along the second guide rail.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the detection frame includes a base plate and a roller disposed on the base plate; the excitation unit and the signal acquisition unit are respectively disposed on the bottom end surface of the base plate; and the drive motor is respectively connected to the roller and the control unit.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the embodiments of the present invention collect elastic wave signals reflected by the ballastless track through the impact echo method, and obtain amplitude spectrum data after preprocessing, zero-averaging, and Fourier transforming the elastic waves. It is then determined whether the ballastless track has defects based on the amplitude spectrum data, thereby obtaining accurate detection results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballastless track to be tested provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device for ballastless track defects provided by a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects provided by Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of non-contact non-destructive detection of ballastless track defects provided by Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7It is a structural schematic diagram of the non-contact non-destructive detection of ballastless track defects provided by Embodiment 7 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, units, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present invention.

[0044] In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, a specific embodiment is provided below for illustration.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the implementation flow of a non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0047] Step S101, obtaining elastic wave signals reflected by the ballastless track to be tested.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the surface of the ballastless track to be tested is struck, a low-frequency elastic wave is generated, and the elastic wave propagates into the inside of the ballastless track to be tested, and a defect is present inside the ballastless track to be tested or a reflection is generated on the medium surface of the ballastless track to be tested, and a reflected elastic wave signal is obtained. In one implementation, a small hammer or a small steel ball is used to manually strike the surface of the ballastless track to be tested to generate an elastic wave. In another implementation, an elastic wave is excited to the surface of the ballastless track to be tested by an excitation unit, wherein the excitation unit can be a push-pull electromagnetic impactor, and the push-pull electromagnetic impactor is controlled by controlling the power supply of the push-pull electromagnetic impactor to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track to be tested. When the push-pull electromagnetic impactor is powered on, a push rod in the push-pull electromagnetic impactor extends to strike the ballastless track to be tested, and a spring is provided on the push rod. When the push-pull electromagnetic impactor is powered off, the push rod returns to the initial position under the action of the spring. The process of striking the ballastless track to be tested is automatically controlled by the excitation unit, and no manual operation is required, saving human resources.

[0049] Step S102: filtering the elastic wave signal.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple interference signals in the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track to be tested, and the interference signals are removed through filtering.

[0051] Step S103, performing zero-mean processing on the elastic wave signal after the filtering process.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the DC component in the elastic wave signal is removed by zero-averaging. Preferably, the expression For the nth data x in the elastic wave signal N (n) Perform zero mean processing to obtain the data after zero mean processing

[0053] Step S104, performing Fourier transform on the elastic wave signal after zero-averaging processing to obtain amplitude spectrum data.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present invention, since the elastic wave signal in the time domain is very complex, the time domain signal is transformed into the frequency domain by Fourier transforming the elastic wave signal. Preferably, a high-speed Fourier transform is used to transform the elastic wave signal from the time domain into the frequency domain to reduce the time of the Fourier transform process.

[0055] Step S105: judging whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum data.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, in one implementation, an amplitude spectrum diagram is drawn according to the corresponding relationship of the amplitude spectrum data, and the amplitude spectrum diagram is manually analyzed to determine whether the ballastless track has defects. In another implementation, the amplitude spectrum data is automatically analyzed to determine whether the ballastless track has defects.

[0057] The embodiment of the present invention collects the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track through the impact echo method, and obtains amplitude spectrum data after preprocessing, zero-meaning and Fourier transforming the elastic wave. It judges whether the ballastless track has defects according to the amplitude spectrum data, and obtains accurate detection results.

[0058] As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S102, the elastic wave signal may be subjected to bandpass filtering. The passband of the bandpass filtering is determined according to the thickness to be measured. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the ballastless track to be tested consists of the track slab, concrete layer, support layer and roadbed from top to bottom. Determine the lower cutoff frequency of the bandpass filter according to the expression Determine the upper cutoff frequency of the bandpass filter. Where D1 is the thickness of the track plate, D2 is the thickness of the concrete layer, D3 is the thickness of the support layer, D4 is the thickness of the roadbed, β is the shape coefficient of the ballastless track to be tested, C p is the P-wave velocity, f a is the first offset, f b is the second offset. Usually the value is 0.96, Cp The value is usually 4031 m / s. The first offset and the second offset are determined empirically. For example, the lower cutoff frequency range may be 2800 Hz to 3200 Hz, and the upper cutoff frequency range may be 12000 Hz to 14000 Hz.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, interference signals and useless signals can be removed through bandpass filtering, and useful signals can be selected.

[0060] As an embodiment of the present invention, before step S102, the above-mentioned non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects may further include:

[0061] determining a standard deviation of the amplitude of the elastic wave signal;

[0062] Data in the elastic wave signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset multiple of the standard deviation is removed.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track may contain abnormal data due to improper operation, external interference, etc., and the abnormal data in the elastic wave signal needs to be removed. Preferably, by calculating the standard deviation of the amplitude of the elastic wave signal, the data in the elastic wave signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset multiple of the standard deviation is removed, for example, the data in the elastic wave signal whose amplitude is greater than 3 to 5 times the standard deviation is removed. By removing the abnormal data in the elastic wave signal, the analysis result is more accurate.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of a non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment describes in detail the implementation of step S105, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S301, according to the expression Determine the upper limit of the first frequency band, according to the expression A lower limit of the first frequency band is determined.

[0067] Step S302, according to the expression Determine the upper limit of the second frequency band, according to the expression A lower limit of the second frequency band is determined.

[0068] Step S303: determine, according to the amplitude spectrum data, the frequency band corresponding to the first frequency band Δf1=[f 11 ,f 12 ] and the corresponding amplitudes to obtain the first amplitude.

[0069] Step S304: determine, according to the amplitude spectrum data, the second frequency band Δf2=[f 21 ,f 22 ] and the corresponding amplitudes to obtain the second amplitude.

[0070] Step S305, determining whether the ratio of the first amplitude to the second amplitude exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, the ballastless track to be tested has defects, if not, the ballastless track to be tested does not have defects.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present invention, all amplitudes corresponding to the first frequency band in the amplitude spectrum data are determined according to the first frequency band, and the sum of the amplitudes is the first amplitude. All amplitudes corresponding to the second frequency band in the amplitude spectrum data are determined according to the second frequency band, and the sum of the amplitudes is the second amplitude. If the ratio of the first amplitude to the second amplitude exceeds the preset threshold, it means that the ballastless track to be tested has defects. If the ratio of the first amplitude to the second amplitude does not exceed the preset threshold, it means that the ballastless track to be tested does not have defects. For example, when the ratio of the first amplitude to the second amplitude is greater than 2, it is judged that the ballastless track to be tested has defects. When the ratio of the first amplitude to the second amplitude is less than or equal to 2, it is judged that the ballastless track to be tested does not have defects.

[0072] It should be understood that the order of execution of the steps in the above embodiment does not necessarily mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Embodiment 3

[0074] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 4 is a schematic diagram of a non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device for ballastless track defects provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects of this embodiment includes: a processor 401, a memory 402, and a computer program 403 stored in the memory 402 and executable on the processor 401. When the processor 401 executes the computer program 403, the steps in the above-mentioned embodiments of the non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects are implemented, for example Figure 1 Steps S101 to S105 are shown.

[0075] Exemplarily, the computer program 403 may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 402 and executed by the processor 401 to complete the present invention. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of completing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 403 in the ballastless track defect non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4.

[0076] The non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects can be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, and a cloud server. The non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device for ballastless track defects can include, but is not limited to, a processor 401 and a memory 402. Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 4 It is only an example of the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects, and does not constitute a limitation of the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device for ballastless track defects may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0077] The processor 401 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0078] The memory 402 may be an internal storage unit of the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects, such as a hard disk or memory of the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects. The memory 402 may also be an external storage device of the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects. Further, the memory 402 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device 4 for ballastless track defects. The memory 402 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device for ballastless track defects. The memory 402 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0079] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the unit can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0080] Embodiment 5

[0081] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5: is a schematic diagram of a non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects in this embodiment includes: an excitation unit 501, a signal acquisition unit 502 and a control unit 503. The control unit 503 is connected to the excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502, respectively. The control unit 503 is used to control the excitation unit to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track 100 to be tested. The control unit 503 is also used to control the signal acquisition unit to collect the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track 100 to be tested, and receive the elastic wave signal collected by the signal acquisition unit. The control unit 503 is also used to filter the elastic wave signal; perform zero-meaning processing on the elastic wave signal after filtering; perform Fourier transform on the elastic wave signal after zero-meaning processing to obtain an amplitude spectrum; and judge whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 503 controls the excitation unit 501 to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track to be tested. Preferably, the excitation unit 501 is a push-pull electromagnet impactor, which is arranged at a preset distance from the upper surface of the ballastless track to be tested, and the preset distance is the impact stroke of the push-pull electromagnet impactor. For example, if the impact stroke of the push-pull electromagnet is 4 mm, the push-pull electromagnet is arranged at a position 4 mm away from the upper surface of the ballastless track to be tested. The push-pull electromagnetic impactor is controlled by controlling the power supply of the push-pull electromagnetic impactor to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track to be tested. When the push-pull electromagnetic impactor is powered on, a push rod in the push-pull electromagnetic impactor extends to strike the ballastless track to be tested, and a spring is provided on the push rod. When the push-pull electromagnetic impactor is powered off, the push rod returns to the initial position under the action of the spring. The process of striking the ballastless track to be tested is automatically controlled by the excitation unit 501, and manual operation is not required, saving human resources.

[0083] The control unit 503 controls the signal acquisition unit 502 to acquire the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track to be tested. After the signal acquisition unit 502 acquires the elastic wave signal, it sends the elastic wave signal to the control unit 503, and the control unit 503 receives the elastic wave signal. Preferably, the signal acquisition unit 502 is a laser displacement sensor, which can accurately measure the changes of various physical quantities of the ballastless track to be tested without contacting the ballastless track to be tested.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 503 performs filtering, zero-meaning, Fourier transform and determines whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects on the elastic wave in the same manner as steps S101 to S105 of the first embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated.

[0085] Preferably, it further comprises a detection frame and a driving motor; the excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502 are arranged on the bottom end surface of the detection frame. The driving motor is connected to the control unit 501 and the detection frame respectively. The control unit controls the driving motor to drive the detection frame to move along the ballastless track.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present invention, the excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502 are installed on the bottom end face of the detection frame, and the control unit 503 controls the driving motor so that the driving motor controls the detection frame to move along the ballastless track to be tested. When testing ballastless tracks in different sections, there is no need to reinstall the excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502.

[0087] The embodiment of the present invention detects whether there are defects in the ballastless track by the impact echo method. The control unit 503 controls the excitation unit to collect the ballastless track, excite elastic waves, controls the signal acquisition unit to collect the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track plate, and receives the elastic wave signal collected by the signal acquisition unit. The control unit pre-processes, zero-means, and Fourier transforms the elastic wave to obtain amplitude spectrum data. It is determined whether there are defects in the ballastless track based on the amplitude spectrum data, and accurate detection results can be obtained. In addition, no manual operation is required, and full-automatic detection can be achieved, saving manpower and material resources.

[0088] Embodiment 6

[0089] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects provided in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects in this embodiment includes: an excitation unit 501, a signal acquisition unit 502 and a control unit (not shown in the drawings). The control unit is connected to the excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502 respectively.

[0090] The non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects also includes: a first guide rail 504, a second guide rail 505, a mounting frame 506, a first drive motor 507, and a second drive motor 508. A first slider 5041 is provided on the first guide rail 504, the first slider 5041 is connected to the mounting frame 506, and the first drive motor 507 is connected to the control unit and the first slider 5041 respectively; the control unit controls the first drive motor 507 to drive the mounting frame 506 to move along the first guide rail.

[0091] A second slider 5051 is provided on the second guide rail 505 , and the second slider 5051 is vertically connected to the first guide rail 504 ; the second drive motor 508 is respectively connected to the control unit and the second slider 5051 ; the control unit controls the second drive motor 508 to drive the mounting frame 506 to move along the second guide rail 505 .

[0092] The mounting frame 506 includes a mounting plate 5061 and a support frame 5062; the support frame 5062 passes through the mounting plate 5061; the mounting plate 5061 is connected to the first slider 5041; the excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502 are respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the mounting plate 5061; the support frame 5062 is installed on the ballastless track 100 to be tested.

[0093] The control unit is used to control the excitation unit 501 to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track 100 to be tested. The control unit is also used to control the signal acquisition unit 502 to acquire the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track 100 to be tested, and receive the elastic wave signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit. The control unit is also used to filter the elastic wave signal; perform zero-mean processing on the elastic wave signal after filtering; perform Fourier transform on the elastic wave signal after zero-mean processing to obtain an amplitude spectrum; and determine whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present invention, the control unit controls the first drive motor 507, and the first drive motor 507 controls the first slider 5041 to move up and down along the first guide rail 504, so that the first slider 5041 drives the mounting plate 5061 to move up and down, and the control unit controls the second drive motor 508, and the first drive motor 508 controls the second slider 5051 to move left and right along the first guide rail 505, so that the second slider 5051 drives the mounting plate 5061 to move left and right, and the excitation unit 501 is fixed to a suitable position by moving the first guide rail 504 and the second guide rail 505.

[0095] Preferably, the excitation unit 501 is a push-pull type electromagnet impactor, and when the excitation unit 501 moves to a distance from the ballastless track 100 to be tested that is equal to the impact stroke of the push-pull type electromagnet impactor, the first slider 5041 stops moving. Then the control unit 503 controls the excitation unit 501 to excite elastic waves toward the ballastless track to be tested.

[0096] Preferably, the excitation unit 501 is a push-pull electromagnetic impactor, which excites elastic waves to the ballastless track to be tested by controlling the power supply of the push-pull electromagnetic impactor. When the push-pull electromagnetic impactor is powered on, a push rod in the push-pull electromagnetic impactor extends to strike the ballastless track to be tested, and a spring is provided on the push rod. When the push-pull electromagnetic impactor is powered off, the push rod returns to its initial position under the action of the spring. The process of striking the ballastless track to be tested is automatically controlled by the excitation unit 501, and no manual operation is required, thus saving human resources.

[0097] The control unit 503 controls the signal acquisition unit 502 to acquire the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track to be tested. After the signal acquisition unit 502 acquires the elastic wave signal, it sends the elastic wave signal to the control unit 503, and the control unit 503 receives the elastic wave signal. Preferably, the signal acquisition unit 502 is a laser displacement sensor, which can accurately measure the changes of various physical quantities of the ballastless track to be tested without contacting the ballastless track to be tested.

[0098] Embodiment 7

[0099] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects provided in the seventh embodiment of the present invention. The non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects in this embodiment includes: an excitation unit 501, a signal acquisition unit 502 and a control unit (not shown in the drawings). The control unit is connected to the excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502 respectively.

[0100] The non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects also includes: a driving motor (not shown in the drawings), a bottom plate 601, and a roller 602 arranged on the bottom plate. The excitation unit 501 and the signal acquisition unit 502 are respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the bottom plate 601. The driving motor is connected to the roller 602 and the control unit respectively.

[0101] The control unit is used to control the excitation unit 501 to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track 100 to be tested. The control unit is also used to control the signal acquisition unit 502 to acquire the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track 100 to be tested, and receive the elastic wave signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit. The control unit is also used to filter the elastic wave signal; perform zero-mean processing on the elastic wave signal after filtering; perform Fourier transform on the elastic wave signal after zero-mean processing to obtain an amplitude spectrum; and determine whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present invention, the base plate 601 and the rollers 602 arranged on the base plate constitute a track trolley, and the control unit controls the driving motor so that the driving motor drives the track trolley to move along the ballastless track to be tested.

[0103] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0105] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed units / terminal devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the unit / terminal device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the units or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0106] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0107] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0108] If the integrated module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or unit capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0109] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact non-destructive detection method for ballastless track defects, characterized in that: include: Obtaining elastic wave signals reflected by the ballastless track to be tested; Performing filtering processing on the elastic wave signal; Performing zero-mean processing on the elastic wave signal after filtering; Performing Fourier transform on the elastic wave signal after zero-mean processing to obtain amplitude spectrum data; Determining whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum data; The step of judging whether the ballastless track to be tested has defects according to the amplitude spectrum data includes: According to the expression Determine the upper limit of the first frequency band, according to the expression determining a lower limit of the first frequency band; According to the expression Determine the upper limit of the second frequency band, according to the expression determining a lower limit of the second frequency band; Determine the amplitude spectrum data corresponding to the first frequency band Δf1=[f 11 ,f 12 ] and the corresponding amplitudes to obtain the first amplitude; Determine the value corresponding to the second frequency band Δf2=[f 21 ,f 22 ] and the corresponding amplitudes to obtain the second amplitude; Determine whether the ratio of the first amplitude to the second amplitude exceeds a preset threshold value, if so, the ballastless track to be tested has defects, if not, the ballastless track to be tested does not have defects; The ballastless track to be tested is composed of track slab, concrete layer, support layer and roadbed layer from top to bottom; D1 is the thickness of the track slab, D2 is the thickness of the concrete layer, D3 is the thickness of the support layer, D4 is the thickness of the roadbed, β is the shape coefficient of the ballastless track to be tested, C p is the P-wave velocity; The filtering process of the elastic wave signal comprises: The elastic wave signal is subjected to bandpass filtering, wherein, according to the expression Determine the lower cutoff frequency f of the bandpass filter 下 , according to the expression Determine the upper cutoff frequency f of the bandpass filter 上 ; The ballastless track to be tested is composed of track slab, concrete layer, support layer and roadbed layer from top to bottom; D1 is the thickness of the track slab, D2 is the thickness of the concrete layer, D3 is the thickness of the support layer, D4 is the thickness of the roadbed, β is the shape coefficient of the ballastless track to be tested, C p is the P-wave velocity, f a is the first offset, f b is the second offset.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Before filtering the elastic wave signal, the method further comprises: determining a standard deviation of the amplitude of the elastic wave signal; Data in the elastic wave signal whose amplitude is greater than a preset multiple of the standard deviation is removed.

3. A non-contact non-destructive detection terminal device for ballastless track defects, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 are implemented.

4. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2 are implemented.

5. A non-contact non-destructive detection system for ballastless track defects, characterized in that: include: An excitation unit, a signal collection unit and a control unit; the control unit is connected to the excitation unit and the signal collection unit respectively; The control unit is used to control the excitation unit to excite elastic waves to the ballastless track to be tested; The control unit is also used to control the signal acquisition unit to acquire the elastic wave signal reflected by the ballastless track to be tested, and receive the elastic wave signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit; The control unit is also used to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that It also includes a detection frame and a drive motor; the excitation unit and the signal acquisition unit are respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the detection frame; the drive motor is respectively connected to the control unit and the detection frame; the control unit is used to control the drive motor to drive the detection frame to move along the ballastless track.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The detection frame includes: a first guide rail, a second guide rail, a mounting plate and a support frame; the drive motor includes a first drive motor and a second drive motor; the support frame passes through the mounting plate; the support frame is installed on the ballastless track to be tested; the excitation unit and the signal acquisition unit are respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the mounting plate; A first slider is provided on the first guide rail, the first slider is connected to the mounting plate, and the first drive motor is connected to the control unit and the first slider respectively; the control unit is used to control the first drive motor to drive the mounting plate to move along the first guide rail; The second guide rail is provided with a second slider, and the second slider is connected to the first guide rail; the second drive motor is connected to the control unit and the second slider respectively; the control unit is used to control the second drive motor to drive the mounting plate to move along the second guide rail.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The detection frame includes a bottom plate and a roller arranged on the bottom plate; the excitation unit and the signal acquisition unit are respectively arranged on the bottom end surface of the bottom plate; and the driving motor is respectively connected to the roller and the control unit.

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