Ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor and its installation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk motor, comprising: a first stator core, a second stator core, a stator winding, a housing, a heat dissipation pipeline, a front cover, a rear cover, a high-speed rotor, and a ceramic bearing; the high-speed rotor comprises a high-speed rotor core, a permanent magnet, a rotor sleeve, and a rotating shaft; the high-speed rotor core is sleeved on the rotor shaft, and a permanent magnet wedge-shaped mounting groove is processed in the radial direction to install the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is respectively installed on both sides of the axial direction of the high-speed rotor disk, and the rotor sleeve is installed on the high-speed rotor core; the motor of the present invention not only has high mechanical strength and is suitable for ultra-high-speed operation of the motor, but also has a good heat dissipation system designed to prevent the permanent magnet from demagnetizing when the disk motor is running at ultra-high speed. The present invention not only proposes an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet motor scheme, but also discloses a motor assembly method.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor and an assembly method thereof. Background technology:

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of materials and processes, ultra-high-speed motors have been widely used. However, some special applications have strict restrictions on the size of ultra-high-speed motors. Ultra-high-speed disc motors have the advantages of high power density, small size, short axial length, and good heat dissipation. They are the development direction of special power devices (or power generation devices). Compared with conventional motors, higher requirements are placed on the mechanical strength of the ultra-high-speed motor rotor and the cooling of the permanent magnet of the ultra-high-speed motor.

[0003] Therefore, the mechanical strength and heat dissipation issues of ultra-high-speed motors are of great significance to improving motor performance and promoting their application. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk motor to improve the mechanical strength and good heat dissipation of the ultra-high-speed motor, while solving the problems of long effective air gap and low rotor reliability caused by the installation of permanent magnet sheaths in radial ultra-high-speed motors. The motor not only has high mechanical strength and is suitable for ultra-high-speed operation of the motor, but also has a good heat dissipation system designed to prevent the permanent magnet from demagnetizing when the disk motor is running at ultra-high speed. The motor rotor has a short axial length, high power density, good dynamic characteristics, simple structure and easy installation. The high-speed permanent magnet disk motor can be used as a generator or as a motor.

[0005] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk type motor, comprising: a first stator core, a second stator core, a stator winding, a casing, a heat dissipation pipeline, a front cover, a rear cover, a high-speed rotor, a ceramic bearing, and a stator slot wedge; the characteristic is that the high-speed rotor comprises a high-speed rotor core, a permanent magnet, a rotor sleeve, a rotating shaft, a key, and a rotor fixing sleeve; the high-speed rotor disk is sleeved on the rotor shaft, and a permanent magnet wedge-shaped installation groove is processed in the radial direction to install the permanent magnet, the permanent magnets are respectively installed on both axial sides of the high-speed rotor disk, and the rotor sleeve is installed on the high-speed rotor.

[0007] The present invention also provides a technical solution in another aspect, wherein the first stator core and the second stator core are respectively installed on two axial sides of the high-speed rotor to form a double stator structure.

[0008] The present invention also provides a technical solution in another aspect, wherein the bearings are ceramic bearings, which are respectively installed at the inner middle positions of the front end cover and the rear end cover of the motor.

[0009] The present invention also provides a technical solution in another aspect, wherein the permanent magnet installation groove is a wedge-shaped installation groove, and the permanent magnet is installed from a radial direction.

[0010] The present invention also provides a technical solution in another aspect, wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is in a NN back-to-back form.

[0011] The present invention also provides another technical solution, wherein a front end cover and a rear end cover are provided at both ends of the casing, and both ends of the rotor shaft are supported on the front end cover and the rear end cover respectively through ceramic bearings.

[0012] The present invention also provides a technical solution in another aspect, wherein the front end cover and the rear end cover are respectively composed of two layers, and the heat dissipation pipeline is evenly distributed inside the interlayer of the front end cover and the rear end cover.

[0013] The present invention also provides another aspect of the technical solution, wherein the first stator core is fixedly connected to the front end cover, the second stator core is fixedly connected to the rear end cover, and the stator winding is installed on the first stator core and the second stator core.

[0014] The present invention also provides a technical solution in another aspect, wherein the material of the rotor sleeve is a high-strength alloy sleeve, and the installation method is an interference fit, which plays a radial fixing role on the permanent magnet.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for installing an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk motor according to one of the above-mentioned technical solutions, wherein the bearing and the front end cover, and the bearing and the rear end cover are installed with interference fit; after the magnetized permanent magnet is radially inserted into the rotor core, the permanent magnet is fixed using a rotor sleeve; the stator winding is fixed to the stator core using a stator slot wedge, and a heat dissipation pipeline is installed between the front end cover and the rear end cover.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The invention provides an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk type motor. The high-speed rotor core is radially processed with a permanent magnet wedge-shaped installation groove. The permanent magnet is installed from the radial direction, which is convenient to install, reduces the axial effective air gap, improves the air gap magnetic density, and reduces the amount of permanent magnet material used.

[0018] The existing ultra-high-speed motor mainly adopts the radial magnetic field solution. Due to the installation of the permanent magnet sheath, the ultra-high-speed motor has problems such as long effective air gap, low rotor reliability, poor heat dissipation performance, etc. The motor described in the present invention is an axial magnetic field motor. The high-speed rotor core of the motor is added with a rotor sheath made of high-strength alloy. The installation process adopts interference fit to enhance the rotor strength and overcome the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet block of the motor rotor at high speed. The problems of long effective air gap and low rotor reliability of the radial ultra-high-speed motor are successfully solved, which is conducive to the ultra-high-speed operation of the motor.

[0019] The front cover and rear cover of the motor are composed of two layers respectively. The heat dissipation pipeline is evenly distributed inside the interlayer of the front cover and the rear cover. The heat dissipation pipeline is easy to install and economical and reasonable. The refrigeration medium adopts low boiling point, high insulation, environmentally friendly CH2Cl2, C2F2CL3, etc. The boiling point is 35℃~45℃ under standard atmospheric pressure, and it is liquid at room temperature. It is stable in nature, non-flammable, has good insulation performance, and is not highly corrosive, meeting national environmental protection requirements. The inside of the motor basically maintains a constant temperature state, and it has the characteristics of low cooling temperature, uniform temperature distribution, and no local hot spots. The cooling efficiency is high, which prevents the permanent magnet from demagnetizing when the disc motor runs at ultra-high speed.

[0020] High-speed ceramic bearings are installed at the connection between the front and rear end covers of the motor and the rotor shaft. They are corrosion-resistant, have good temperature resistance, and have a high elastic modulus, which is conducive to the high-speed operation of the motor.

[0021] The motor rotor uses permanent magnet excitation, and there is no need to install slip rings, brushes and other vulnerable components, which simplifies the structure and improves system reliability.

[0022] The magnetizing direction of the permanent magnets of the motor rotor is NN back-to-back, which makes the left and right forces of the rotor symmetrical, reduces the axial force of the bearing and increases the service life of the rotor.

[0023] The motor adopts a double stator structure. When used as a motor, the electromagnetic torque generated by the active current on the two stators acts on the rotor to do mechanical work, with large output torque and high output power. When used as a generator, when the rotor rotates, the two stators output induced voltage at the same time. The motor has the advantages of high precision, fast response, large acceleration, small torque fluctuation, high overload capacity, high mechanical integration, and high utilization rate of motor structure materials, and has high use value in actual production. Description of the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3is a schematic structural diagram of a high-speed rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the permanent magnet structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation pipeline structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotor protection cover according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped installation groove structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-speed rotor core according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic lines of force of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.10 is an exploded schematic diagram of a motor assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a high-speed rotor of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a water-cooled end cover and a stator module of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. front cover, 2. heat dissipation pipeline, 3. first stator core, 4. high-speed rotor core, 5. rotor sleeve, 6. casing, 7. rear cover, 8. permanent magnet, 9. second stator core, 10. rotor shaft, 11. ceramic bearing, 12. stator winding, 13. mounting groove, 14. screw, 15. rear motor water-cooled end cover and stator module, 16. high-speed rotor, 17. front motor water-cooled end cover and stator module, 18. key, 19. rotor fixing sleeve, 20. stator slot wedge. Specific implementation method:

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] See attached Figure 1-11 An ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor includes: a front cover 1, a heat dissipation pipeline 2, a first stator core 3, a housing 6, a rear cover 7, a second stator core 9, a ceramic bearing 11, a stator winding 12, a screw 14, a key 18, a rotor fixing sleeve 19, a stator slot wedge 20, and a high-speed rotor 16. The high-speed rotor includes a high-speed rotor core 4 (see Figure 8 ), permanent magnet 8 (see Figure 4 ), rotor sleeve 5 (see Figure 6 ), rotor shaft 10.

[0039] The motor adopts a double stator structure. When used as a motor, the electromagnetic torque generated by the active current on the two stators acts on the rotor to do mechanical work, with large output torque and high output power. When used as a generator, when the rotor rotates, the two stators output induced voltage at the same time. The motor has the advantages of high precision, fast response, large acceleration, small torque fluctuation, high overload capacity, high mechanical integration, and high utilization rate of motor structure materials, and has high use value in actual production.

[0040] The high-speed rotor disk is radially processed with a permanent magnet wedge-shaped mounting groove 13 (see Figure 7 ), see Figure 3 The permanent magnet 8 is inserted from the radial direction, which is convenient for installation compared with the traditional bonding and bolting, and saves the air gap space, reduces the axial air gap, and improves the utilization efficiency of the permanent magnet. The rotor sleeve 5 is added to the high-speed rotor of the motor. The material is a high-strength alloy. The installation process adopts interference fit to enhance the rotor strength and overcome the centrifugal force of the permanent magnet block of the motor rotor at high speed, which is conducive to the ultra-high-speed operation of the motor.

[0041] The high-speed rotor core 4 is mounted on the rotor shaft, and the permanent magnets 8 are respectively installed on both sides of the high-speed rotor core 4 in the axial direction, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnets 8 is in the form of NN back-to-back. Fig. 9 , shows a schematic diagram of the motor magnetic lines of force. The motor magnetic lines of force are a double closed loop structure. The rotor axial forces are symmetrical on the left and right sides, which reduces the axial force on the bearing and increases the service life of the rotor.

[0042] The motor rotor is excited by permanent magnets made of high-performance NdFeB materials. It does not require the installation of slip rings, brushes and other vulnerable components, which simplifies the structure and improves system reliability.

[0043] The two ends of the rotor shaft are supported on the front cover 1 and the rear cover 7 respectively through ceramic bearings 11. Ceramic bearings are installed at the connection between the motor end cover and the rotating shaft. They are corrosion-resistant, have good temperature resistance, and have a high elastic modulus, which is conducive to the high-speed operation of the motor. The first stator core 3 is fixedly connected to the front cover 1, and the second stator core 9 is fixedly connected to the rear cover 7. The stator winding 12 is installed on the first stator core 3 and the second stator core 9.

[0044] The two ends of the housing are provided with a front cover 1 and a rear cover 7, the front cover 1 and the rear cover 7 are respectively composed of two layers, and the heat dissipation pipeline 2 is evenly distributed inside the interlayer of the front cover 1 and the rear cover 7. The front cover 1 and the rear cover 7 of the motor are respectively composed of two layers, and the heat dissipation pipeline 2 is evenly distributed inside the interlayer of the front cover 1 and the rear cover 7, and the heat dissipation pipeline 2 is easy to install and economical and reasonable.

[0045] See attached Figure 2 , showing the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant medium in the heat dissipation pipeline 2. The refrigerant medium uses low boiling point, high insulation, environmentally friendly CH2Cl2, C2F2CL3, etc., with a boiling point of 35℃~45℃ under standard atmospheric pressure, liquid at room temperature, stable in nature, non-flammable, good in insulation performance, and no strong corrosiveness, meeting national environmental protection requirements. The motor is basically kept at a constant temperature, and has the characteristics of low cooling temperature, uniform temperature distribution, no local hot spots, and high cooling efficiency.

[0046] The specific installation method of this ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor is as follows: Figure 10-12 The motor general assembly drawing, motor rotor module assembly drawing, motor water-cooled end cover and stator module assembly drawing are shown respectively.

[0047] See attached Fig.10 , shows the general assembly drawing of the ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk motor, including: casing 6, screws 14, rear motor water-cooled end cover and stator module 15, high-speed rotor 16, front motor water-cooled end cover and stator module 17. First, use six screws to fix the rear motor water-cooled end cover and stator module 15 to the left side of the casing. The screws used are hexagon socket countersunk screws, and the end bearing is installed with an interference fit. Secondly, with the assistance of the rotor installation tooling, install the high-speed rotor 16 from the right side. Finally, use six screws to fix the front motor water-cooled end cover and stator module 17 to the right side of the casing. After the installation is completed, the overall dimensions are as shown below. Figure 2 shown.

[0048] See attached Fig.11 , shows the rotor module assembly diagram of the ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk motor, including: a high-speed rotor core 4, a rotor sleeve 5, a permanent magnet 8, a rotor shaft 10, a ceramic bearing 11, a key 18, and a rotor fixing sleeve 19. First, use a tool to radially install the magnetized permanent magnet 8 into the rotor core 4. The permanent magnet installation direction is NN back-to-back. The wedge-shaped structure B of the permanent magnet and the wedge-shaped groove A of the rotor core are installed in coordination. Secondly, use the rotor sleeve 5 to fix the permanent magnet 8, and the installation method uses an interference fit. Next, use the rotor fixing sleeve 19 and the key 18 to fix the assembled rotor disk on the rotor shaft. The installed rotor module is as shown. Figure 3 shown.

[0049] See attached Fig.12, shows the assembly diagram of the front water-cooled end cover and stator module of the ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor, including: a front end cover 1, a heat dissipation pipeline 2, a first stator core 3, a ceramic bearing 11, a stator winding 12, a screw 14, and a stator slot wedge 20. First, the stator winding 12 is embedded in the first stator core 3, and the stator winding 12 is fixed using the stator slot wedge 20. The stator winding shown is a full-pitch winding, and only part of the winding is shown. Secondly, the heat dissipation pipeline 2 is installed in the middle of the double-layer end cover of the front end cover. Next, the ceramic bearing 11 is installed in the empty space in the middle of the end cover. Finally, six screws are used to install the assembled stator module and end cover module together. The installed front water-cooled end cover and stator module 17 are shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the installation method of the rear water-cooled end cover and the stator module 15 is the same.

[0050] This ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk motor can be used as a high-speed generator, with a rated power of 8kW and a maximum speed of 50,000r / min, and is used in special occasions such as aviation generators and micro-turbine power generation. This ultra-high-speed permanent magnet disk motor can also be used as a high-speed motor, and is used in special occasions such as compressors and drones.

[0051] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor, characterized in that: include: A first stator core (3), a second stator core (9), a stator winding (12), a housing (6), a heat dissipation pipeline (2), a front cover (1), a rear cover (7), a high-speed rotor (16), and a bearing (11); the high-speed rotor (16) comprises a high-speed rotor core (4), a permanent magnet (8), a rotor sleeve (5), and a rotor shaft (10); the high-speed rotor core (4) is sleeved on the rotor shaft (10), and is provided with a permanent magnet mounting groove (13) in the radial direction for mounting the permanent magnet (8); the permanent magnet mounting groove (13) is a wedge-shaped mounting groove; the permanent magnet (8) is mounted in the radial direction; the permanent magnet (8) is respectively mounted on both axial sides of the high-speed rotor core (4); the rotor sleeve (5) is mounted on the high-speed rotor core (4) and rotates together with the rotor.

2. The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stator iron core (3) and the second stator iron core (9) are respectively mounted on two axial sides of the high-speed rotor (16) to form a double stator structure.

3. The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearings are ceramic bearings (11) and are respectively installed at the middle positions inside the front end cover (1) and the rear end cover (7) of the motor.

4. The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is NN back-to-back.

5. The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A front end cover (1) and a rear end cover (7) are provided at both ends of the casing (6), and both ends of the rotor shaft (10) are supported on the front end cover (1) and the rear end cover (7) respectively through ceramic bearings (11).

6. The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end cover (1) and the rear end cover (7) are respectively composed of two layers, and the heat dissipation pipeline (2) is evenly distributed inside the interlayer of the front end cover (1) and the rear end cover (7).

7. The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first stator core (3) is fixedly connected to the front end cover (1), the second stator core (9) is fixedly connected to the rear end cover (7), and the stator winding (12) is mounted on the first stator core (3) and the second stator core (9).

8. The ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the rotor sleeve (5) is a high-strength alloy sleeve, and the installation method is interference fit, which plays a radial fixing role on the permanent magnet.

9. A method for installing an ultra-high-speed permanent magnet magnetic disc motor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The bearing (11) and the front end cover (1) are installed in an interference fit, as well as the bearing (11) and the rear end cover (7). After the magnetized permanent magnet (8) is radially inserted into the high-speed rotor core (4), the permanent magnet (8) is fixed using a rotor sleeve (5). The stator winding (12) is fixed to the stator core using a stator slot wedge (20), and the heat dissipation pipeline (2) is installed between the interlayer of the front end cover and the rear end cover.

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