Cotton burning characteristics testing device and testing method

Abstract

The present invention provides a cotton combustion characteristic test device and a test method. The cotton combustion characteristic test device comprises an ignition system, a temperature measurement system and a container (6) for containing cotton samples. The container (6) is in the shape of a right quadrangular prism and is surrounded by a metal mesh. The ignition system comprises a power supply (2) and a small heater (4) electrically connected to the power supply (2). The temperature measurement system comprises a data acquisition terminal (1) and a thermocouple (7) electrically connected to the data acquisition terminal (1). The thermocouple (7) is fixed to a metal wire (11) through a fireproof tape (12). The metal wire (11) is tightened and fixed in the container (6). Both ends of the metal wire (11) are connected to the metal mesh surrounding the container (6). The cotton combustion characteristic test device provided by the present invention can better simulate the spontaneous combustion of cotton. Moreover, the position of the thermocouple will not change during the entire test process, so it is conducive to obtaining experimental results that are closer to the actual combustion situation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cotton fire, and in particular to a cotton burning characteristic testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Cotton is a strategic material related to the national economy and people's livelihood. my country's annual cotton output reaches an average of 5 million tons. Cotton needs to be compressed, bundled and packaged before transportation and storage. However, spontaneous combustion of stored cotton stacks occurs many times every year, causing huge economic losses to the country and enterprises.

[0003] In order to effectively deal with cotton fires, it is necessary to study the combustion characteristics of cotton. Currently, most of the test devices used in laboratories ignite cotton in the following way: uniformly heat the outside of the cotton, or directly ignite it with an open flame. However, in reality, the spontaneous combustion of cotton often occurs from the inside, so the above test devices cannot simulate the spontaneous combustion of cotton well.

[0004] In addition, in the current testing method, the thermocouple is usually just buried in the cotton bale and fixed by the internal force of the cotton bale, so it is easy for the position of the thermocouple to change as the cotton burns out, which will affect the collection of temperature data.

[0005] In summary, how to improve the testing device to better study the combustion characteristics of cotton has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a cotton combustion characteristics testing device and a testing method. The cotton combustion characteristics testing device can better simulate the spontaneous combustion of cotton, and the position of the thermocouple will not change during the entire testing process, which is conducive to obtaining experimental results that are closer to the actual combustion conditions.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cotton combustion characteristic testing device comprises an ignition system, a temperature measuring system and a container for containing cotton samples, wherein the container is in the shape of a right quadrangular prism and is surrounded by a metal mesh, the ignition system comprises a power supply and a small heater electrically connected to the power supply, the temperature measuring system comprises a data acquisition terminal and a thermocouple electrically connected to the data acquisition terminal, the thermocouple is fixed to a metal wire by a fireproof tape, the metal wire is tightened and fixed in the container, and both ends of the metal wire are connected to the metal mesh surrounding the container.

[0009] Optionally, the cotton burning characteristics testing device further includes an auxiliary frame, which includes a floor-standing base and a movable rod fixedly connected to the floor-standing base, the end position of the movable rod is adjustable, and the small heater is fixedly installed at the end of the movable rod.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cotton burning characteristics testing device, the movable rod first extends vertically upward from the floor seat, then extends horizontally, and finally extends vertically downward, and the horizontal section of the movable rod and the vertical section away from the floor seat are both adjustable in length.

[0011] Optionally, the cotton burning characteristic testing device further comprises a mass measurement system, the mass measurement system comprises a precision balance and a fireproof bearing plate, and the precision balance is electrically connected to the data acquisition terminal.

[0012] Optionally, the cotton burning characteristics testing device further comprises a bracket for suspending and supporting the container.

[0013] Optionally, in the cotton burning characteristics testing device, the support is in the shape of a square table, including four legs and a rectangular frame located at the top of the legs.

[0014] Optionally, the cotton burning characteristics testing device further comprises at least two cameras, one of which is arranged directly above the container for overhead shooting, and the other cameras are arranged on the side of the container for horizontal shooting.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned cotton burning characteristics testing device, the power supply is a stepless transformer power supply.

[0016] Optionally, in the above cotton burning characteristics testing device, the metal wire is stretched tight between two opposite sides of the container.

[0017] A method for testing the burning characteristics of cotton, the method using the cotton burning characteristics testing device disclosed in any one of the above items, the method comprising:

[0018] Before the power source is turned on for ignition, a cotton sample is placed in the container, and the small heater is inserted into the interior of the cotton sample. The connecting wire between the small heater and the power source passes through the mesh of the metal net surrounding the container.

[0019] According to the above technical scheme, in the cotton burning characteristic test device provided by the present invention, the container for holding the cotton sample is surrounded by a metal mesh, which ensures that the cotton can be fully in contact with the outside air when burning, which is more in line with the actual situation of cotton storage. At the same time, the ignition system includes a power supply and a small heater. When in use, the small heater can be inserted into the inside of the cotton sample, and the connecting wire between the power supply and the small heater passes through the grid of the metal mesh. Since the small heater heats the cotton sample with a point heat source inside the cotton sample instead of heating a certain surface of the cotton sample from the outside, it is more in line with the situation when the cotton bag spontaneously ignites under natural storage. In addition, since the thermocouple is fixed to the metal wire by fireproof tape, and the metal wire is tightened and fixed in the container, the position of the thermocouple will not change with the burning of the cotton. In summary, the cotton burning characteristic test device provided by the present invention can better simulate the spontaneous combustion of cotton, and the thermocouple will not change its position during the entire test process, so it is conducive to obtaining experimental results that are closer to the actual combustion situation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cotton burning characteristics testing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the middle bracket 10;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the middle container 6;

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the thermocouple 7 in the container 6.

[0025] The markings in the figure are:

[0026] 1. Data acquisition terminal; 2. Power supply; 3. Auxiliary frame; 4. Small heater; 5. Camera; 6. Container; 7. Thermocouple; 8. Fireproof bearing plate; 9. Precision balance; 10. Bracket; 11. Metal wire; 12. Fireproof tape. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] For ease of understanding, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] See also Figure 1 , is a schematic diagram of a cotton combustion characteristics test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the cotton combustion characteristics test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention comprises an ignition system, a temperature measurement system and a container 6 for containing a cotton sample, wherein the container 6 is in the shape of a right quadrangular prism and is surrounded by a metal mesh, such as Figure 3 As shown, of course, the mesh shape of the metal mesh can be other shapes besides a rectangle, and the present invention is not limited to this; the ignition system includes a power supply 2 and a small heater 4 electrically connected to the power supply 2; the temperature measurement system includes a data acquisition terminal 1 and a thermocouple 7 electrically connected to the data acquisition terminal 1, as shown Figure 4 As shown, the thermocouple 7 is fixed to the metal wire 11 by means of a fireproof tape 12, the metal wire 11 is tightened and fixed in the container 6, and both ends of the metal wire 11 are connected to the metal mesh surrounding the container 6. Of course, the metal wire 11 is not Figure 4 In this way, the thermocouple 7 is tightened between two opposite sides of the container 6. It can also be tightened between two adjacent sides of the container 6, or between the top surface and the bottom surface of the container 6, and the present invention is not limited to this. In addition, when the thermocouple 7 needs to be arranged on the surface of the cotton bale, the thermocouple 7 can be directly fixed on the side wall of the container 6.

[0029] The container 6 for holding the cotton sample is surrounded by a metal mesh, which ensures that the cotton can be fully in contact with the outside air when burning, which is more in line with the actual situation of cotton storage. At the same time, the ignition system includes a power supply 2 and a small heater 4. When in use, the small heater 4 can be inserted into the inside of the cotton sample, and the connecting wire between the power supply 2 and the small heater 4 passes through the grid of the metal mesh. Since the small heater 4 heats the cotton sample with a point heat source inside the cotton sample instead of heating a certain surface of the cotton sample from the outside, it is more in line with the situation when the cotton bag spontaneously ignites in a natural storage state. In addition, since the thermocouple 7 is fixed to the metal wire 11 by a fireproof tape 12, and the metal wire 11 is tightened and fixed in the container, the position of the thermocouple 7 will not change with the burning of the cotton. In summary, the cotton combustion characteristic test device provided by the present invention can better simulate the spontaneous combustion of cotton, and the thermocouple will not change position during the entire test process, so it is conducive to obtaining experimental results that are closer to the actual combustion situation.

[0030] In specific practical applications, the power supply 2 generally adopts a stepless transformer power supply, which can more flexibly control the temperature of the small heater 4 to meet the requirements of different experiments. For example, the input of the power supply 2 is 220V AC, and the output voltage is 0-20V. The power of the small heater 4 can be changed by changing the output voltage. In this embodiment, the small heater 4 is a cylinder with a length of 3cm and a diameter of 0.6cm, a rated voltage of 16V, and a rated power of 20W.

[0031] In order to facilitate fixing the small heater 4 at different spatial points, in this embodiment, the cotton burning characteristic testing device also includes an auxiliary frame 3, such as Figure 1 As shown, the auxiliary frame 3 includes a floor-standing base and a movable rod fixedly connected to the floor-standing base, the end position of the movable rod is adjustable, and the small heater 4 is fixedly installed at the end of the movable rod. Specifically, the movable rod first extends vertically upward from the floor-standing base, then extends horizontally, and finally extends vertically downward. The horizontal section of the movable rod and the vertical section away from the floor-standing base are both adjustable in length. Of course, in other embodiments, the movable rod can also adopt other structural forms, as long as the small heater 4 can be fixed at different spatial points by adjusting the end position.

[0032] In order to measure the change of mass during the burning process of cotton, the cotton burning characteristic testing device can also include a mass measurement system, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the mass measurement system includes a precision balance 9 and a fireproof bearing plate 8, and the precision balance 9 is electrically connected to the data acquisition terminal 1. The fireproof bearing plate 8 can protect the precision balance 9 and also expand the bearing area of ​​the precision balance 9. The fireproof bearing plate 8 can be rectangular, and the size range is generally 60 to 75 cm long and 40 to 50 cm wide. The range of the precision balance 9 can be 0 to 32 kg, and the accuracy is generally 0.1 g.

[0033] In order to ensure that all sides of the cotton are in direct contact with the air as much as possible, the cotton combustion characteristics testing device may further include a bracket 10 for suspending and supporting the container 6. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the bracket 10 is in the shape of a square table, including four legs and a rectangular frame located at the top of the legs. Figure 1 As shown, the container 6 is placed on the rectangular frame of the bracket 10, and if necessary, the container 6 can be fixedly connected to the bracket 10. In this embodiment, the container 6 is a cube with a side length of 10 cm, and the hollow part of the rectangular frame of the bracket 10 is a square with a side length of 9 cm.

[0034] In order to study the burning propagation characteristics, the cotton burning characteristics testing device usually also includes at least two cameras 5, such as Figure 1 As shown, one of the cameras 5 is arranged directly above the container 6 for overhead shooting, and the remaining cameras 5 are arranged on the side of the container 6 for horizontal shooting.

[0035] In order to avoid affecting the propagation path of the burning as much as possible, the metal wire 11 should be thinner, so that when the internal cotton burns, the heat conducted outward by the metal wire 11 is less.

[0036] Based on the cotton burning characteristics testing device of the present invention, the present invention also provides a cotton burning characteristics testing method, which includes: before turning on the power supply 2 for ignition, placing the cotton sample into the container 6, and inserting the small heater 4 into the interior of the cotton sample, and the connecting wire between the small heater 4 and the power supply 2 passes through the grid of the metal mesh surrounding the container 6.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, when the cotton burning characteristics testing device includes the auxiliary frame 3 , the fireproof bearing plate 8 and the precision balance 9 , the cotton burning characteristics testing method should include placing both the auxiliary frame 3 and the container 6 on the fireproof bearing plate 8 .

[0038] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A cotton burning characteristics testing device, characterized in that: It includes an ignition system, a temperature measurement system and a container (6) for holding a cotton sample; The container (6) is in the shape of a right quadrangular prism and is surrounded by a metal mesh and is suspended by a bracket (10) to ensure that the cotton can be fully in contact with the outside air when burning. The bracket (10) is in the shape of a square table and includes four legs and a rectangular frame located at the top of the legs. The ignition system comprises a power source (2), a small heater (4) electrically connected to the power source (2), and an auxiliary frame (3) for fixing the position of the small heater (4); The power supply (2) adopts a stepless voltage transformer power supply, which is used to flexibly control the temperature of the small heater (4); The auxiliary frame (3) comprises a floor-standing base and a movable rod fixedly connected to the floor-standing base, the end position of the movable rod is adjustable, the movable rod first extends vertically upward from the floor-standing base, then extends horizontally, and finally extends vertically downward, and the horizontal section of the movable rod and the vertical section away from the floor-standing base are both adjustable in length; The connecting wire between the small heater (4) and the power source (2) passes through the mesh of the metal mesh surrounding the container (6); the small heater (4) is fixedly mounted at the end of the movable rod and can be inserted into different positions inside the cotton sample to simulate smoldering scenes under different insulation and oxygen concentration conditions corresponding to different distances from the edge of the cotton bale; The temperature measurement system comprises a data acquisition terminal (1) and a thermocouple (7) electrically connected to the data acquisition terminal (1); the thermocouple (7) is fixed to a metal wire (11) by means of a fireproof tape (12); both ends of the metal wire (11) are connected to a metal mesh surrounding the container (6) and are tightened between two opposite sides of the container (6) to ensure that the position of the thermocouple (7) will not change due to the burning of the cotton sample during the entire test process.

2. The cotton burning characteristics testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a mass measurement system, which comprises a precision balance (9) and a fireproof bearing plate (8), and the precision balance (9) is electrically connected to the data acquisition terminal (1).

3. The cotton burning characteristics testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises at least two cameras (5), one of which is arranged directly above the container (6) for overhead shooting, and the other cameras (5) are arranged on the side of the container (6) for horizontal shooting.

4. A method for testing the burning characteristics of cotton, characterized in that: The cotton burning characteristics testing method uses the cotton burning characteristics testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the cotton burning characteristics testing method comprises: Before the power supply (2) is turned on for ignition, the cotton sample is placed in the container (6), and the small heater (4) is inserted into the interior of the cotton sample. The data acquisition terminal (1) is started, and the required voltage is set according to different experimental requirements to obtain the target heating power. After the cotton sample is ignited, the small heater (4) is turned off.

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