A pier, bridge structure, tower and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a pier, a bridge structure, a tower column and a construction method, wherein the pier comprises a bottom pier section, a middle pier section and an upper pier section which are sequentially connected; the bottom pier section, the middle pier section and the upper pier section each comprise an outer steel cylinder and an inner steel cylinder, the outer steel cylinder is sleeved outside the inner steel cylinder, vertical steel plates are connected between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, and the vertical steel plates separate the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder into a plurality of chambers; the chambers are filled with reinforced concrete; wherein the inner steel cylinder of the bottom pier section is filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete; the inner steel cylinder of the middle pier section is hollow; and the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder of the upper pier section is hollow, or the cavity is entirely filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete, or the cavity is partially filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete. The above structure can be widely applied to large bridges, and is especially suitable for large bridge construction in mountainous areas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of bridge pier, bridge structure, tower column and construction method, in particular to a kind of large bridge structure suitable for higher anti-explosion and anti-seismic requirements. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is known that the topography of southwest China is complex, mainly plateau and mountainous, and various natural disasters such as earthquakes, mudslides, landslides and other frequent areas, therefore, the construction and development of land transportation is difficult. In recent years, with the rapid development of high-speed rail technology to the southwest, China's Sichuan-Tibet line construction, accompanied by high-intensity, frequent earthquakes challenge, while the anti-explosion of large bridge is also put forward higher requirements. The bridge pier has a special important role for large bridge.

[0003] It is of great significance to find a bridge pier and its bridge structure that can resist earthquakes and explosions with high performance. SUMMARY

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, the present application provides a multi-cavity steel pipe concrete bridge pier, tower column formed by adopting a new type of structure form multi-cavity steel pipe concrete as a basic unit, and a new type of bridge structure formed by the multi-cavity steel pipe concrete bridge pier, tower column. The new structure solves the existing large bridge.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a kind of bridge pier, including sequentially connected bottom bridge pier section, middle bridge pier section and upper bridge pier section;

[0007] The bottom bridge pier section, the middle bridge pier section, the upper bridge pier section all include outer steel cylinder, inner steel cylinder, the outer steel cylinder is sleeved outside the inner steel cylinder, the vertical steel plate is connected between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, the vertical steel plate separates the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder into several chambers; The chamber is filled with reinforced concrete;

[0008] Among them, the inner steel cylinder of the bottom bridge pier section is filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete;

[0009] The inner steel cylinder of the middle bridge pier section is hollow;

[0010] The cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder of the upper bridge pier section is hollow, or the cavity is filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete, or partially filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete.

[0011] Further, the pier further comprises a pier top end, the pier top end comprises an outer steel cylinder and an inner steel cylinder, a transverse steel plate is arranged between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, and a cover plate is arranged on the top of the inner steel cylinder of the pier top end, the cover plate is a steel plate with stiffening ribs, a reinforced concrete cover plate, a steel-concrete composite cover plate, or a steel-reinforced concrete composite cover plate, and the cover plate is provided with a stiffening rib beam.

[0012] Further, the outer periphery of the bottom pier section is provided with a reinforced concrete protection ring.

[0013] Further, the outer steel cylinder is formed by a plurality of steel plates or is formed by section steel.

[0014] Further, the inner steel cylinder is internally provided with at least one transverse partition plate and / or a longitudinal partition plate, and a hole is formed in the transverse partition plate.

[0015] In a second aspect, the application provides a bridge structure formed by the pier, comprising a pedestal, a plurality of connecting beams, the at least one pier being supported at the bottom of the connecting beams and being rigidly connected or being connected through elastic shock isolation supports, and when the pier is two or more, a transverse frame is formed between the connecting beams and the pier.

[0016] Further, the connecting beam is a reinforced concrete beam, a steel reinforced concrete beam, a steel beam, or an outer steel plate concrete beam.

[0017] The transverse frames are provided with buckling restrained braces or steel plate shear walls, restrained steel plate shear walls.

[0018] In a third aspect, the application provides a tower column, comprising a bottom tower column section, a middle tower column section, and an upper tower column section connected in sequence.

[0019] The bottom tower column section, the middle tower column section, and the upper tower column section all comprise an outer steel cylinder and an inner steel cylinder, the outer steel cylinder is sleeved outside the inner steel cylinder, vertical steel plates are arranged between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, the vertical steel plates divide the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder into a plurality of chambers, and the chambers are filled with reinforced concrete.

[0020] The inner steel cylinder of the bottom tower column section is filled with plain concrete or concrete.

[0021] The inner steel cylinder of the middle tower column section is hollow.

[0022] The cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder of the upper tower column section is hollow, or the cavity is entirely filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete, or is partially filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete.

[0023] In a fourth aspect, the application also provides a cable-stayed bridge structure formed by the tower column, comprising a main beam, characterized in that the tower column and the cable are further included, the main beam is connected to the middle part of the tower column and extends to both sides of the tower column, the cable extends from the side of the tower column to the main beam, and a transverse inner partition plate is arranged in the cavity at the connection position of the tower column and the cable.

[0024] In a fifth aspect, the application also provides a suspension bridge structure formed by the tower column, comprising a main beam, further comprising the tower column, the arc-shaped main cable, the oblique cable and the suspender, the main beam is connected to the middle part of the tower column and extends to both sides of the tower column, the cable extends from the side of the tower column to the main beam, the arc-shaped main cable is arranged between adjacent tower columns, the arc-shaped main cable is connected to the main beam through the vertically arranged suspender, and the oblique cable extends from the outside of the tower column to both ends of the main beam; a transverse inner partition plate is arranged in the cavity at the connection position of the tower column and the arc-shaped main cable and the oblique cable.

[0025] In a sixth aspect, the application also provides a suspension cable-stayed combined bridge structure, comprising a main beam, further comprising the tower column, the arc-shaped main cable, the first oblique cable, the second oblique cable and the suspender, the main beam is connected to the middle part of the tower column and extends to both sides of the tower column, the arc-shaped main cable is arranged between adjacent tower columns, the arc-shaped main cable is connected to the main beam through the vertically arranged suspender, the first oblique cable extends from the outside of the tower column to both ends of the main beam, the second oblique cable extends from both sides of the tower column to the main beam, and a transverse inner partition plate is arranged in the cavity at the connection position of the tower column and the arc-shaped main cable, the first oblique cable and the second oblique cable.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, a construction method of a bridge pier comprises the following steps,

[0027] Step one, cutting into an inner pipe steel plate, an outer pipe steel plate, a vertical connecting steel plate and a transverse steel partition plate in a factory;

[0028] Step two, processing the steel plates into a predetermined shape and opening holes in the vertical connecting steel plate, the transverse steel partition plate and other steel plates;

[0029] Step three, welding the above steel plates together to form a steel plate module, which can be divided into N inner steel cylinder modules and M outer steel cylinder modules according to design requirements, wherein N≥1 and M≥1;

[0030] Step four, transporting the inner steel cylinder modules and the outer steel cylinder modules to a construction site;

[0031] Step five, welding the inner steel cylinder modules into an inner steel cylinder and welding the outer steel cylinder modules into an outer steel cylinder on site;

[0032] Step six, placing a steel reinforcement cage in the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder.

[0033] Step seven, pouring concrete in the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, or injecting concrete through a pressure grouting pipe, pouring concrete from the bottom to the top, or pouring concrete from top to bottom, and vibrating;

[0034] Step eight, curing the concrete to the predetermined strength, so that the outer steel cylinder, the reinforcement cage, the concrete and the inner steel cylinder form an integral whole;

[0035] Step nine, after repeating steps five to eight to the top, the cover plate at the top is constructed.

[0036] The beneficial effects produced by the above technical scheme are:

[0037] 1. The outer steel pipe and the inner steel pipe of the pier are connected together by vertical connecting steel plates to form a steel pipe concrete structure, which can effectively improve the stress performance of traditional steel pipe concrete. The concrete is in the core and is subjected to the strong constraint action of the space steel pipe composed of the inner steel pipe and the outer steel pipe, which can greatly improve the compressive bearing capacity of the inner cylinder concrete; the vertical connecting plate reduces the support length of the steel plate, which can effectively improve the stress performance of the steel pipe. Multiple cavities are beneficial to concrete pouring and can reduce the shrinkage and creep of concrete. The giant column has small deformation, small strain and high bearing capacity. The anti-seismic, anti-blast, anti-ship and anti-vehicle impact capacity can be effectively improved.

[0038] 2. The inner cavity of the middle pier section is empty or partially poured with concrete, which can effectively reduce the self-weight of the pier. At the same time, the anti-blast and anti-seismic capacity can be effectively guaranteed.

[0039] 3. By having more than one transverse partition plate and / or longitudinal partition plate inside the inner steel pipe, and by having openings on the transverse partition plate, the anti-local explosion capacity of the steel pipe concrete pier can be improved.

[0040] 4. The inner steel pipe at the top of the pier has a cover plate, which is a steel plate with stiffening ribs, a reinforced concrete cover plate, a steel-concrete composite cover plate, or a steel-reinforced concrete composite cover plate, and the cover plate can have a stiffened rib beam.

[0041] 5. The above structure improves the overall performance of the pier, transmits the lateral force from the top of the car or train or earthquake, and can place the bridge support with strong fireproof and explosion-proof capacity, with multiple lines of defense. When the outer steel pipe loses its bearing capacity, the inner steel pipe and the reinforced concrete still have strong bearing capacity.

[0042] 6. The bottom of the pier is made of external concrete or reinforced concrete, which can prevent the pier from being hit by ships / rocks / cars and being washed by floodwater, and is convenient for replacement and maintenance.

[0043] In summary, the bridge pier structure and the bridge structure formed by the bridge pier structure can be widely applied to large bridges, especially to the bridge construction in mountainous areas in the western region of China, and has high anti-seismic performance and anti-explosion performance, is convenient to construct, has low cost and high construction efficiency compared with the existing bridge technology.

[0044] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages, which will be further described in detail in conjunction with the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a front view of the bridge pier of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 is a front view of the bridge pier with a protection ring arranged at the outer periphery of the bottom of the bridge pier;

[0047] Figure 3 is a front view of the bottom bridge pier Figure 1 ;

[0048] Figure 4 is a front view of the bottom bridge pier Figure 2 ;

[0049] Figure 5 is a front view of the middle bridge pier Figure 1 ;

[0050] Figure 6 is a front view of the upper bridge pier Figure 1 ;

[0051] Figure 7 is a front view of the upper bridge pier Figure 2 ;

[0052] Figure 8 is a front view of the upper bridge pier Figure 3 ;

[0053] Figure 9 is a schematic view of a reinforced concrete cover plate;

[0054] Figure 10 is a schematic view of a steel cover plate;

[0055] Figure 11 is a schematic view of a steel-concrete composite cover plate;

[0056] Figure 12 is a schematic view of the bridge structure Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 13 is a schematic view of the bridge structure with the beam being a reinforced or steel reinforced concrete beam;

[0058] Figure 14 is a schematic view of the bridge structure with the beam being a steel beam;

[0059] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a bridge structure of a steel-encased concrete beam;

[0060] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of a bridge structure formed by a hollow multi-cavity steel pipe concrete tower column;

[0061] Figure 17 is a cable-stayed bridge structure;

[0062] Figure 18 is a suspension bridge structure;

[0063] Figure 19 is a suspension-cable-stayed combined bridge structure;

[0064] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a reinforced on-site non-welding multi-cavity steel pipe concrete bridge pier connection.

[0065] Reference signs: 1 - bottom pier segment, 2 - middle pier segment, 3 - upper pier segment, 4 - top end of the pier, 5 - outer steel cylinder, 6 - inner steel cylinder, 7 - vertical steel plate, 8 - bottom filler, 9 - upper filler, 10 - inner cylinder transverse partition plate, 11 - outer cylinder transverse partition plate, 12 - top cover plate, 13 - reinforced concrete cover plate support, 14 - steel cover plate, 15 - first stiffening rib, 16 - steel-concrete combined cover plate, 17 - second stiffening rib, 18 - reinforced concrete protection ring, 19 - transverse steel reinforcement, 20 - longitudinal steel reinforcement, 21 - outer cavity concrete, 22 - upper hollow, 23 - reinforced concrete cover plate, 24 - cover plate concrete, 25 - steel or steel-reinforced concrete beam, 26 - hollow multi-cavity steel pipe concrete bridge pier, 27 - steel beam, 28 - partition plate, 29 - steel-encased concrete beam, 30 - steel-encased plate, 31 - hollow multi-cavity steel pipe concrete tower column, 32 - transverse inner partition plate, 33 - cross beam, 34 - main beam, 35 - first cable, 36 - second cable, 37 - arc-shaped main cable, 38 - suspender, 39 - horizontal connecting plate, 40 - fixing member, 41 - vertical stiffening rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application can be implemented in various different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0067] As Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 8As shown, a hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite pier 26 includes a bottom pier segment, a middle pier segment, and an upper pier segment connected sequentially. Each of the bottom, middle, and upper pier segments includes an outer steel cylinder 5 and an inner steel cylinder 6. The outer steel cylinder 5 is fitted over the inner steel cylinder 6. A vertical steel plate 7 connects the outer steel cylinder 5 and the inner steel cylinder 6, dividing the cavity between the outer and inner steel cylinders into several chambers. These chambers are filled with reinforced concrete. The inner steel cylinder of the bottom pier segment is filled with a bottom filler 8, which is plain concrete or reinforced concrete. The inner steel cylinder of the middle pier segment is hollow, and the space between the outer steel cylinder 5 and the inner steel cylinder 6 is filled with outer cavity concrete 21. The cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder of the upper pier segment is an upper hollow 22. Figure 7 As shown, or the cavity is entirely filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, the upper filler material 9 is partially filled. Figure 6 As shown, the upper filling material 9 can be plain concrete or reinforced concrete. In the above-mentioned piers, the upper pier: the outer cavity is filled with concrete, the outer cavity is partially filled with concrete, and the outer cavity is completely filled with concrete, reducing the amount of concrete used and lowering the difficulty of pouring concrete at the top of the pier. This measure can reduce construction difficulty. The outer steel pipe and the inner steel pipe are connected together by vertical connecting steel plates to form a steel-concrete composite structure, which can effectively improve the load-bearing performance of traditional steel-concrete composite structures. The concrete is located in the core and is strongly constrained by the spatial steel pipe composed of the outer steel cylinder 5 and the inner steel cylinder 6, which can significantly improve the compressive bearing capacity of the inner cylinder concrete; the vertical steel plate 7 reduces the support length of the steel plate, which can effectively improve the load-bearing performance of the steel pipe. Multiple cavities are beneficial for concrete pouring and help reduce concrete shrinkage and creep. The mega-column has small deformation, small strain, and high load-bearing capacity. It can effectively improve the resistance to earthquakes, blasts, and ship and vehicle impacts. The internal cavity is empty, or partially filled with concrete, which can effectively reduce the self-weight of the pier. At the same time, it effectively ensures the resistance to blasts and earthquakes. The inner steel cylinder 6 has one or more transverse diaphragms 10 and / or longitudinal diaphragms inside, with openings in the transverse diaphragms to improve the resistance of the steel-concrete composite pier to local explosions.

[0068] In the aforementioned pier structure, the bottom pier segment is between one-half and one-third of the total pier height. For land-use bridges, the smaller value is used for the bottom pier segment; for water-use bridges, the bottom pier segment is the design water level plus one-quarter of the total pier height. The upper pier segment is less than or equal to one-half of the total pier height. The height of the middle pier segment is the total bridge height minus the height of the bottom and upper pier segments.

[0069] In practice, there are two or more vertical steel plates 7. In order to ensure the smooth pouring of concrete, there is one or more concrete flow holes in the vertical steel plate 7.

[0070] In the specific implementation, the pier further comprises a pier top end, the pier top end comprises an outer steel cylinder 5 and an inner steel cylinder 6, and the outer steel cylinder 5 and the inner steel cylinder 6 are blocked by a transverse steel plate, the inner steel cylinder of the pier top end has a top cover plate 12, the cover plate is a steel cover plate 14 with stiffeners as shown in Figure 10 , the bottom of the steel cover plate is provided with first stiffeners 15, the reinforced concrete cover plate is supported on a reinforced concrete cover plate support 13 as shown in Figure 9 , the top cover plate 12 is a steel-concrete composite cover plate 16, or a steel-reinforced concrete composite cover plate as shown in Figure 11 , the cover plate comprises cover plate concrete 24 and second stiffeners 17, wherein the second stiffeners 17 are embedded in the cover plate concrete 24. By providing the pier top end, the overall performance of the pier is improved, the lateral force transmitted from the top of the car or train or earthquake can be placed on the bridge support and the like.

[0071] As shown in Figure 2 , the outer periphery of the bottom pier section is provided with a reinforced concrete protection ring. The reinforced concrete protection ring can prevent ship / stone / car impact, flood scouring, and facilitate maintenance.

[0072] In the specific implementation, the outer steel cylinder 5 is formed by a plurality of steel plates or by section steels.

[0073] In the specific implementation, the inner cylinder transverse bulkhead 10 has at least one hole. There are at least one more than one bolt on the steel pipe or steel plate.

[0074] In the specific implementation, the vertical steel plates of the bottom, middle and top are continuously through. The load on the guide beam can be directly transmitted from the top to the bottom of the pier, forming a direct force transmission path, and the force transmission efficiency is high.

[0075] In the specific implementation, the concrete has transverse steel bars 19 and longitudinal steel bars 20, the steel skeleton formed by the transverse steel bars 19 and the longitudinal steel bars 20, the transverse steel bars 19 are circular or rectangular, polygonal, or a combination of the above, and the longitudinal steel bars and stirrups and concrete form reinforced concrete. The above structure has strong fireproof and explosion-proof capacity, has multiple lines of defense, and the outer steel pipe loses bearing capacity, and the inner steel pipe and the reinforced concrete still have strong bearing capacity.

[0076] In the specific implementation, the longitudinal steel plates forming the outer steel cylinder 5 are connected by bolts or rivets, without welding connection, which is convenient for field construction.

[0077] In the specific implementation, the outer steel cylinder 5 and the inner steel cylinder 6 can be circular, rectangular, polygonal, oval, or a combination of the above shapes

[0078] In specific implementation, the outer steel cylinder 5 and the inner steel cylinder 6 may have vertical stiffening steel ribs, which can be connected by steel bars or steel plates, and there may be steel skeletons in the inner and outer cavities.

[0079] like Figures 12 to 15 As shown, the bridge structure formed by the aforementioned piers includes abutments, several connecting beams, and at least one hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite pier 26 is supported at the bottom of the connecting beams. Figure 12 The diagram shows a hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite pier 26. The hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite pier 26 and the connecting beam are rigidly connected or have elastic seismic isolation bearings. When there are two or more piers... Figure 13 As shown, a transverse frame is formed between the connecting beam and the pier. In specific implementations, buckling-restrained braces or steel plate shear walls and restrained steel plate shear walls are provided between the transverse frames.

[0080] Furthermore, the connecting beam is a reinforced concrete beam or a steel-reinforced concrete beam, as shown in Figure 25. Figure 12 As shown, steel beam 27 Figure 14 A partition 28 is provided at the connection between the steel beam 27 and the hollow multi-cavity steel tube concrete pier 26; or an outer steel plate concrete beam 29 is provided as shown. Figure 15 As shown, the outer steel plate 30 of the outer steel plate concrete beam 29 is located at the bottom of the beam and can be directly welded to the top surface of the pier or welded after being inserted through connectors.

[0081] The above-mentioned pier structure can also be used to form a hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31, such as... Figure 16 As shown; the tower column includes a bottom tower column section, a middle tower column section, and an upper tower column section connected in sequence; each of the bottom tower column section, the middle tower column section, and the upper tower column section includes an outer steel cylinder and an inner steel cylinder, the outer steel cylinder being fitted over the inner steel cylinder, and a vertical steel plate connecting the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, the vertical steel plate dividing the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder into several chambers; the chambers are filled with reinforced concrete; wherein, the inner steel cylinder of the bottom tower column section is filled with plain concrete or concrete; the inner steel cylinder of the middle tower column section is hollow; the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder of the upper column section is hollow, or the cavity is entirely filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete, with some areas filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete.

[0082] The cable-stayed bridge structure formed by the above-mentioned hollow multi-cavity steel tube concrete tower column 31 is as follows: Figure 17As shown, a cable-stayed bridge structure includes a main beam 34, a hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower 31, and a first cable 35. The main beam 34 is connected to the middle of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower 31 and extends to both sides of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower 31. The first cable 35 extends obliquely from the side of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower 31 toward the main beam 34. A transverse inner diaphragm 32 is provided in the cavity at the connection position between the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower 31 and the first cable 35.

[0083] The suspension bridge structure formed by the aforementioned hollow multi-cavity steel tube concrete tower column 31 is as follows: Figure 18 As shown, the structure includes a main beam 34, the aforementioned hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31, an arc-shaped main cable 37, a second cable 36, and a hanger 38. The main beam 34 is connected to the middle of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 and extends to both sides of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31. The second cable 36 extends obliquely from the side of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 towards the main beam 34. The arc-shaped main cable 37 is disposed between adjacent hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower columns 31 and is connected to the main beam 34 through a vertically arranged hanger 38. The second cable 36 extends from the outside of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 towards both ends of the main beam 34. A transverse inner partition 32 is provided in the cavity at the connection position between the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 and the arc-shaped main cable 37 and the second cable 36.

[0084] A suspension-cable-stayed composite bridge structure formed by the aforementioned hollow multi-cavity steel tube concrete tower column 31 is as follows: Figure 19 As shown, the structure includes a main beam 34, as well as the aforementioned hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31, an arc-shaped main cable 37, a first cable 35, a second cable 36, and a hanger 38. The main beam 34 is connected to the middle of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 and extends to both sides of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31. The arc-shaped main cable 37 is disposed between adjacent hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower columns 31 and is connected to the main beam 34 through the vertically arranged hanger 38. The first cable 35 extends from the outside of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 to both ends of the main beam 34. The second cable 36 extends from both sides of the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 to the main beam 34. A transverse inner partition 32 is provided in the cavity at the connection position between the hollow multi-cavity steel-concrete composite tower column 31 and the arc-shaped main cable 37, the first cable 35, and the second cable 36.

[0085] In practice, the connection between two bridge piers can be achieved using a weld-free connection, such as... Figure 20As shown, horizontal connecting plates 39 are arranged on the end faces of the two-section pier, the horizontal connecting plates 39 extend out of the horizontal plane of the steel cylinder, the horizontal connecting plates are connected by fixing members 40 such as bolts or rivets, and vertical stiffening ribs 41 are arranged at the positions of the included angles between the horizontal connecting plates and the cylinder.

[0086] The construction method of the pier comprises the following steps,

[0087] Step one, cutting into inner pipe steel plates, outer pipe steel plates, vertical connecting steel plates and horizontal steel partition plates in a factory;

[0088] Step two, processing the steel plates into predetermined shapes, and opening holes in the vertical connecting steel plates and the horizontal steel partition plates;

[0089] Step three, welding the steel plates together to form steel plate modules, which can be divided into N inner steel cylinder modules and M outer steel cylinder modules according to design requirements, wherein N≥1 and M≥1;

[0090] Step four, transporting the inner steel cylinder modules and the outer steel cylinder modules to a construction site;

[0091] Step five, welding the inner steel cylinder modules into an inner steel cylinder and welding the outer steel cylinder modules into an outer steel cylinder on site;

[0092] Step six, placing a steel reinforcement cage in the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder;

[0093] Step seven, pouring concrete in the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, or injecting concrete through a pressure grouting pipe, pouring and jacking the concrete from the bottom to the top, or pouring and vibrating the concrete from top to bottom;

[0094] Step eight, curing the concrete to a predetermined strength, so that the outer steel cylinder, the steel reinforcement cage, the concrete and the inner steel cylinder form an integral whole;

[0095] Step nine, repeating steps five to eight to construct a cover plate at the top.

[0096] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the patent, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be noted that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application patent should be subject to the appended claims.​

Claims

1. A bridge pier, characterized in that: It includes the bottom pier section, the middle pier section and the upper pier section connected in sequence; The bottom pier section, the middle pier section, and the upper pier section all include an outer steel cylinder and an inner steel cylinder. The outer steel cylinder is fitted over the inner steel cylinder. A vertical steel plate connects the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, and the vertical steel plate divides the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder into several chambers. The chambers are filled with reinforced concrete. The inner steel cylinder of the bottom pier section is filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete. The inner steel cylinder of the central pier section is hollow; The cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder of the upper pier section is hollow, or the cavity is completely filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete, and partially filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete. The outer steel cylinder is formed by several steel plates or by splicing together shaped steel sections; The outer steel cylinders of the bottom pier section, middle pier section, and upper pier section are correspondingly arranged and fixedly connected; the inner steel cylinders of the bottom pier section, middle pier section, and upper pier section are correspondingly arranged and directly fixedly connected.

2. The bridge pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the top of the bridge pier, which includes an outer steel cylinder and an inner steel cylinder. A transverse steel plate seals between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder. The top of the inner steel cylinder at the top of the bridge pier has a cover plate. The cover plate is a steel plate with stiffening ribs, a reinforced concrete cover plate, a steel-concrete composite cover plate, or a steel-reinforced concrete composite cover plate. The cover plate is provided with stiffening rib beams.

3. The bridge pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforced concrete protective ring is provided around the outer perimeter of the bottom pier section.

4. The bridge pier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner steel cylinder has at least one transverse diaphragm and / or longitudinal diaphragm, with openings in the transverse diaphragm.

5. A bridge structure, comprising a pier and a plurality of connecting beams, characterized in that, It also includes the piers as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least one of the piers is supported at the bottom of the connecting beam, and the two are rigidly connected or have elastic seismic isolation bearings, and when there are two or more piers, a transverse frame is formed between the connecting beam and the pier.

6. The bridge structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting beam is a reinforced concrete beam, a steel-reinforced concrete beam, a steel beam, or a steel-plated concrete beam.

7. A bridge structure as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: Buckling-restrained braces or steel plate shear walls and restrained steel plate shear walls are provided between the transverse frames.

8. A tower column, comprising a bottom tower column section, a middle tower column section and an upper tower column section connected in sequence; The bottom tower section, the middle tower section, and the upper tower section each include an outer steel cylinder and an inner steel cylinder. The outer steel cylinder is fitted over the inner steel cylinder. A vertical steel plate connects the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder, and the vertical steel plate divides the cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder into several chambers. The chambers are filled with reinforced concrete. in, The inner steel cylinder of the bottom tower column section is filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete. The inner steel cylinder of the central tower section is hollow; The cavity between the outer steel cylinder and the inner steel cylinder of the upper tower column section is hollow, or the cavity is completely filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete, and partially filled with plain concrete or reinforced concrete. The outer steel cylinder is formed by several steel plates or by splicing together shaped steel sections; The outer steel cylinders of the bottom tower section, the middle tower section, and the upper tower section are correspondingly arranged and fixedly connected; the inner steel cylinders of the bottom tower section, the middle tower section, and the upper tower section are correspondingly arranged and directly fixedly connected.

9. A cable-stayed bridge structure, comprising a main girder, characterized in that, It also includes the tower column as described in claim 8 and the first cable, wherein the main beam is connected to the middle of the tower column and extends to both sides of the tower column, the first cable extends obliquely from the side of the tower column toward the main beam, and a transverse inner partition is provided in the cavity at the connection position between the tower column and the first cable.

10. A suspension bridge structure, comprising a main girder, characterized in that, It also includes the tower column, arc-shaped main cable, second cable and suspender as described in claim 8, wherein the main beam is connected to the middle of the tower column and extends to both sides of the tower column, the second cable extends obliquely from the side of the tower column toward the main beam, the arc-shaped main cable is disposed between adjacent tower columns, the arc-shaped main cable is connected to the main beam through vertically disposed suspender, and the second cable extends from the outside of the tower column toward both ends of the main beam; A transverse inner partition is provided in the cavity at the connection point between the tower column and the arc-shaped main cable and the second cable.

11. A suspension-cable-stayed composite bridge structure, comprising a main girder, characterized in that, It also includes the tower column, arc-shaped main cable, first cable, second cable and suspender as described in claim 8, wherein the main beam is connected to the middle of the tower column and extends to both sides of the tower column, the arc-shaped main cable is disposed between adjacent tower columns, the arc-shaped main cable is connected to the main beam through vertically disposed suspender, and the first cable extends from the outside of the tower column to both ends of the main beam; The second cable extends from both sides of the tower column toward the main beam; a transverse inner partition is provided in the cavity at the connection position between the tower column and the arc-shaped main cable, the first cable, and the second cable.

12. A construction method for a bridge pier as described in claim 1, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The steel plates are cut into inner tubes, outer tubes, vertical connecting plates, and horizontal steel partitions at the factory. Step two: Process the steel plate into the predetermined shape and make holes in the vertical connecting steel plate, horizontal steel partition, and other steel plates; Step 3: Weld the above steel plates together to form a steel plate module, which can be divided into N inner steel cylinder modules and M outer steel cylinder modules according to design needs, where N≥1 and M≥1; Step four: Transport the inner steel cylinder module and the outer steel cylinder module to the construction site; Step 5: Weld the inner steel cylinder module into an inner steel cylinder on site, and weld the outer steel cylinder module into an outer steel cylinder on site. Step 6: Place a reinforcing cage in the cavity between the outer and inner steel cylinders; Step 7: Pour concrete into the cavity between the outer and inner steel cylinders, or inject concrete using a pressure grouting pipe to lift and pour the concrete from bottom to top, or pour the concrete from top to bottom and vibrate it. Step 8: Curing the concrete to the predetermined strength to form a whole from the outer steel cylinder, the reinforcing cage, the concrete, and the inner steel cylinder; Step nine: After repeating steps five through eight to reach the top, install the top cover plate.

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