Wheelchair motor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wheelchair motor, including a motor shaft, a first end cover, a second end cover, a wheel hub, a stator group, a magnetic steel and a brake unit, wherein the brake unit includes a connecting seat, a moving plate, a stator, a friction plate, a resistance spring, a magnetic brake seat, a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the motor and a Hall element for monitoring the distance between the moving plate and the magnetic brake seat and the rotation speed of the friction plate during braking. A polygonal boss ring is provided at one end of the connecting seat; the friction plate is plugged into the polygonal boss ring and is located between the moving and stator plates, and the stator is connected to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial interval L. The temperature sensor and the Hall element are respectively arranged on the silicon steel sheet turns of the stator group and on the magnetic brake seat. The advantages are: large braking force and good braking response, and the internal state of the motor is monitored to make it in good operating state and increase its service life. The placement of the sensor element is cleverly designed to ensure the accuracy of the collected signal without affecting the overall structure; the structure of the whole vehicle is optimized and beautiful.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of motors and electric vehicles, and in particular to a wheelchair motor. Background Art

[0002] The wheel hub motors of existing electric vehicles use brushless or brushless geared motors, and their braking is accomplished by relying on external mechanical brake structures, such as disc brakes, follow-up brakes, drum brakes, etc., in conjunction with brake cables and manual brake handles to achieve vehicle braking. This type of braking method has a long transmission line and a relatively complex structure. In addition, the brake components are exposed, and dust and mud enter during the process, causing wear of the corresponding brake components, which weakens the braking effect; at the same time, some manipulations of the operating components will produce some unnecessary or even unsafe actions. For example, when the manual brake handle is released, the wheel will rotate freely, causing the vehicle to slip; in addition, the routing of the brake handle and brake cable affects the appearance of the entire vehicle, making it lack the aesthetics of a modern vehicle, and it also occupies the space of the entire vehicle while having a high overall cost. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wheelchair motor to address the deficiencies of the prior art, which is specifically achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0004] The wheelchair motor comprises a motor shaft, a first end cover and a second end cover rotatably supported on the motor shaft, a wheel hub connected to the first end cover and the second end cover at both axial ends respectively, a stator group non-rotatably connected to the motor shaft, a magnetic steel arranged on the inner wall of the wheel hub and a brake unit, and also comprises a connecting seat, a moving plate, a stator, a friction plate, a resistance spring, a magnetic brake seat provided with a coil, a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the motor, and a Hall element for monitoring the distance between the moving plate and the magnetic brake seat and the rotation speed of the friction plate during braking. The connecting seat is connected to the first end cover and is sleeved on the motor shaft, and a polygonal boss ring is provided at one axial end; the magnetic brake seat is non-rotatably connected to the motor shaft, and is provided with a first placement hole, and the Hall element is placed in the first placement hole, and several resistance springs are provided. The spring is placed in the magnetic brake seat, and one end extends out of the magnetic brake seat to form a contact end; one axial side of the moving plate contacts the contact end of the contact spring and is sleeved on the motor shaft; the stator is sleeved on the polygonal boss ring of the connecting seat, and is connected to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial interval L; the friction plate is provided with a polygonal hole matched with the polygonal boss ring on the connecting seat, and is movably inserted into the polygonal boss ring through the polygonal hole, and is located between the moving plate and the stator, and the sum of the axial thickness of the friction plate and the moving plate is less than the interval L; the stator group includes enameled wire, a silicon steel sheet turn formed by winding the enameled wire and stacking a plurality of silicon steel sheets, and a sensor for measuring the internal temperature of the motor, a second placement hole is provided on the silicon steel sheet turn, and the temperature sensor is placed in the second placement hole.

[0005] The above wheelchair motor is further designed in that:

[0006] The first end cover is provided with a circular groove, and several light holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the outer side of the circular groove; a through hole is provided in the center of the connecting seat, and a circular ring matching the circular groove is provided on the outer side of the through hole, and several screw holes matching the positions of the light holes are provided on the end face of the circular ring. The connecting seat is sleeved on the motor shaft through the sleeve hole and is circumferentially positioned on the first end cover by inserting the circular ring into the circular groove on the first end cover, and the connecting seat is connected to the first end cover by screws passing through the light hole and then screwed into the screw holes.

[0007] The sum of the axial thicknesses of the stator and the friction plate is greater than the height of the polygonal boss ring, so that the axial end surface of the polygonal boss ring is located in the polygonal hole sleeve of the friction plate.

[0008] The wheelchair motor also includes several spacers with a length of L. The same number of connecting holes and first screw holes are evenly distributed on the same circumference of the stator and the magnetic brake seat. The spacer is arranged between at least two connecting holes and the first screw hole, and the screw is passed through the connecting hole and the spacer and then screwed to the first screw hole, so that the stator is connected to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial interval L.

[0009] A key slot hole is provided in the center of the magnetic brake seat, and a circular coil slot for placing the coil is provided at one axial end, forming an inner circular surface inside the coil slot and an outer circular surface outside the coil slot. The magnetic brake seat is connected to the motor shaft without relative rotation through the key slot hole and the corresponding flat key. The first placement hole is provided on the inner circular surface, and a plurality of spring holes for placing the resistance springs are evenly distributed on the outer circular surface.

[0010] The first screw hole is arranged on the outer annular surface and is located between two adjacent spring holes.

[0011] The silicon steel sheet is composed of a circular portion and a plurality of T-shaped portions uniformly distributed around the circular portion, and the second placement hole is arranged at one end of one of the T-shaped portions away from the circular portion.

[0012] The first end cover and the second end cover are rotatably supported on the motor shaft through bearings.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] (1) The brake unit is arranged on the motor shaft inside the motor. After the power is cut off, the spring of the magnetic brake seat pushes out the moving plate, so that the two end surfaces of the friction plate are squeezed by the fixed plate and the moving plate respectively to form a double friction braking force, which makes the braking force large, and the friction braking force formation time and transmission route are extremely short. Through the cooperation of the polygonal boss ring on the connecting seat and the polygonal hole on the friction, the friction braking force is transmitted quickly and steadily, thereby achieving large braking force and rapid braking, and having a high braking responsiveness.

[0015] (2) Various signal sensing elements are set up to monitor the working status of the motor, thereby ensuring the stability of the motor operation, keeping the motor in a good operating state, and improving the service life of the wheelchair motor.

[0016] (3) The placement of the sensor element is cleverly designed, which not only ensures that the collected sensor signal can represent the current corresponding working state, but also ensures that the corresponding sensor element is easy to assemble without affecting the overall structure of the motor.

[0017] (4) There are no brake handles and brake cables, so the structure is simple, compact, and easy to assemble, which reduces costs and optimizes the structure of the entire vehicle and makes it more beautiful. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wheelchair motor.

[0019] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the brake unit.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA sectional view of the brake unit shown.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The BB section view of the brake unit shown in the figure shows that the coil in the magnetic brake seat is energized.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 The BB section view of the brake unit shown shows that the coil in the magnetic brake seat is de-energized.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of silicon steel sheets constituting silicon steel sheet turns.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the magnetic brake seat.

[0025] In the figure, 1-first end cover, 102-bolt, 2-fixed plate, 21-hole in the center of the fixed plate, 3-friction plate, 4-connecting seat, 41-hexagonal boss ring, 42-sleeve hole, 43-circular ring, 5 Hall element, 6-spacer, 7-moving plate, 71-notch, 8-magnetic brake seat, 81-coil, 82-resistance spring, 8a-inner annular surface, 8b-outer annular surface, 801-spring hole, 802-first screw hole, 803-circular coil groove, 804-first placement hole, 805-key slot hole, 9-temperature sensor, 10-second end cover, 11-turn seat, 12-motor shaft, 121-bearing, 13-flat key, 14-magnetic steel, 15-wheel hub, 16-coil, 17-silicon steel sheet turn, 171-second placement hole, 17a-circular ring portion on the silicon steel sheet, 17b The T-shaped part on the silicon steel sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 The wheelchair motor of this embodiment is mainly composed of a motor shaft 12, a first end cover 1, a second end cover 10, a wheel hub 15, a stator group, a magnetic steel 14 and a brake unit. The first end cover 1 and the second end cover 10 are rotatably supported at both ends of the motor shaft through bearings 121. The axial ends of the wheel hub 15 are respectively connected to the first end cover 1 and the second end cover 10. The magnetic steel 14 is arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the wheel hub 15 and is located on the circumferential outer side of the stator group. The stator group including silicon steel sheet turns 17 and stator coils 16 is connected to the motor shaft without relative rotation relative to the circumferential direction of the motor shaft. The brake unit brakes the rotating parts such as the wheel hub 15, the first end cover 1 and the second end cover 10. The first end cover 1 is connected to the wheel hub 15 by bolts 102.

[0028] like Figure 2-3 The above-mentioned brake unit comprises a connecting seat 4, a moving plate 7, a fixed plate 2, a friction plate 3, a resistance spring 82 and a magnetic brake seat 8 provided with a coil 81. A sleeve hole 42 is provided at the center of the connecting seat 4, and a hexagonal boss ring 41 is provided at one end on the right side. The connecting seat is sleeved through the sleeve hole 42 to pass through the motor shaft 12, and is connected to the first end cover 1 at the same time, so that the connecting seat 4 can rotate relative to the motor shaft 12. The magnetic brake seat 8 provided with the coil 81 is connected to the motor shaft through a flat key 13 and is located on the right side of the connecting seat 4. A resistance spring 82 is provided on the magnetic brake seat 8, and one end thereof extending out of the magnetic brake seat 8 forms a resistance end. One axial side of the moving plate 7 is against the resistance end of the resistance spring 82, and is sleeved on the motor shaft 12 so as to be movable on the motor shaft 12. The center of the stator 2 is provided with a hole 21 larger than the circumscribed circle of the hexagonal boss ring 41 on the connection seat 4, through which the stator 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the hexagonal boss ring 41 without touching the connection seat 4, and the stator 2 is connected to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial interval L. The friction plate 3 is provided with a polygon that matches the hexagonal boss on the connection seat 4, and is movably plugged into the hexagonal boss through the polygonal hole. The friction plate 3 and the moving plate 7 are arranged in the axial interval L between the above-mentioned stator 2 and the magnetic brake seat 8 from left to right. The sum of the axial thicknesses L of the friction plate 3 and the stator 2 is greater than the height H of the hexagonal boss, so that the axial end face of the hexagonal boss is in the hexagonal hole of the friction plate 3, thereby ensuring that the moving plate 7 can fit tightly to the friction plate 3 when it is on one side of the friction plate 3, so as to obtain the greatest possible friction braking force.

[0029] like Figure 4When the motor rotates, the coil 81 on the magnetic brake seat 8 is energized, and the magnetic force generated by it causes the movable plate 7 to move toward the side of the magnetic brake seat 8. The magnetic force will overcome the thrust of the resistance spring 82 that causes the movable plate 7 to move away from the magnetic brake seat 8, so that the movable plate 7 is attached to the side of the magnetic brake seat 8. At this time, there is a gap δ between the movable plate 7 and the friction plate 3. The hexagonal boss ring 41 on the connecting seat cooperates with the hexagonal hole on the friction plate 3 through the hexagonal boss ring 41 on it, driving the friction plate 3 to rotate. Figure 5 When the wheelchair needs to brake, the coil 81 is powered off and no longer generates magnetic force. The movable plate 7 will move away from the magnetic brake seat 8 under the thrust of the resistance spring 82, so that the movable plate 7 is tightly against the friction plate 3, and the friction plate 3 is tightly against the stator 2. The two ends of the friction plate 3 generate friction with the stator and the movable plate respectively. Under the action of the double friction force, the braked wheel hub is quickly stopped.

[0030] Through the analysis of a large amount of data, the wheelchair motor of the present invention is equipped with a temperature sensor 9 and a Hall element 5 to monitor the operation of the motor. The temperature sensor is arranged on the silicon steel sheet turn 17 in the stator assembly, and the Hall element is arranged on the magnetic brake seat 8. By monitoring the temperature change and position change of key positions, the braking action of the brake unit is ensured to be accurate and effective, making driving safer and more reliable, and better ensuring product performance.

[0031] like Figure 6 , the Hall element is arranged in a first placement hole 804 of the magnetic brake seat 8, which is used to monitor the distance between the moving plate and the magnetic brake seat and the rotation speed of the friction plate during braking. The center of the magnetic brake seat 8 is a key slot hole 805, and an annular coil slot 803 for placing the coil 81 is arranged at one axial end, forming an inner annular surface 8a inside the coil slot and an outer annular surface 8b outside the coil slot. The magnetic brake seat is connected to the motor shaft without relative rotation through the key slot hole 805 and the corresponding flat key 13. Three spring holes 801 for placing the conflict spring 82 are evenly distributed on the outer annular surface. The three first screw holes 802 for connecting the stator 2 are also arranged on the outer annular surface and are located between two adjacent spring holes 801. An optimal placement position of the first placement hole 804 is to set it on the inner annular surface, which is convenient for the placement of the Hall element and the connection of the magnetic brake seat 8 with other parts, and does not affect the overall structure. More importantly, the sensor element can better sense the change of the required physical quantity.

[0032] like Figure 7The temperature sensor is arranged in the second placement hole on the silicon steel sheet turn 17, which is formed by overlapping the second placement holes 171 on the silicon steel sheets. The silicon steel sheet is composed of a circular ring portion 17a and a plurality of T-shaped portions 17b uniformly distributed around the circular ring portion. The silicon steel sheet turn 17 is connected to a turn seat 11, and the stator assembly is connected to the motor shaft 12 without relative rotation through the corresponding key slot hole and the corresponding flat key 13 on the turn seat 11. An optimal placement position of the second placement hole is to place it at the end of one of the T-shaped portions away from the circular ring portion, so that the area most susceptible to temperature changes can be sensed in a timely manner.

[0033] In this embodiment, a spacer sleeve 6 with a length of L is used to connect the stator 2 to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial interval L. The stator 2 is evenly distributed with three connection holes whose circumferential positions are the same as the first screw hole 802 on the magnetic brake seat. The stator 2 is screwed into the corresponding first screw hole 802 on the magnetic brake seat after the screw 22 passes through the connection hole on it and the corresponding spacer sleeve 6. The moving plate 7 arranged between the stator 2 and the friction plate 3 is provided with a notch 71 at the circumferential position corresponding to the spacer sleeve 6, so that the spacer sleeve 6 can pass through the moving plate 7 and be connected to the magnetic brake seat 8 without affecting the axial movement of the moving plate 7, thereby limiting its circular motion.

[0034] In order to ensure that the rotation of the wheel hub 15 has a high rotational concentricity with the motor shaft 12, a circular ring 43 is arranged at one end of the connecting seat 4, a circular ring groove matching it is arranged on the first end cover, and four evenly distributed light holes are arranged in the circumferential direction outside the circular ring groove of the first end cover, and screw holes matching the positions of the four light holes are arranged on the circular ring end face of the connecting seat 4. A sleeve hole 42 is arranged at the center of the connecting seat 4. The connecting seat 4 is sleeved on the motor shaft 12 through the sleeve hole 42, and is circumferentially positioned on the first end cover 1 by inserting the circular ring 43 into the circular ring groove on the first end cover, and the connecting seat 4 is connected to the first end cover 1 by screwing the screw 101 through the light hole and then screwing it into the screw hole. The above-mentioned rotation concentricity can be better guaranteed by the concentricity of the circular ring groove relative to the placement hole of the bearing 121.

[0035] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the stator 2 is connected to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial interval L, and is not limited to the use of the spacer sleeve 6. Therefore, any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wheelchair motor, comprising a motor shaft, a first end cover and a second end cover rotatably supported on the motor shaft, a wheel hub connected to the first end cover and the second end cover at both axial ends, a stator group connected to the motor shaft without relative rotation, a magnetic steel arranged on the inner wall of the wheel hub, and a brake unit, characterized in that: The brake unit includes a connecting seat, a moving plate, a fixed plate, a friction plate, a resistance spring, a magnetic brake seat with a coil, a temperature sensor for monitoring the internal temperature of the motor, and a Hall element for monitoring the distance between the moving plate and the magnetic brake seat and the rotation speed of the friction plate during braking. The connecting seat is connected to the first end cover and is sleeved on the motor shaft, and a polygonal boss ring is provided at one axial end; the magnetic brake seat is non-rotatably connected to the motor shaft and is provided with a first placement hole, in which the Hall element is placed, and several resistance springs are placed in the magnetic brake seat, and one end extends out of the magnetic brake seat to form a resistance end; one axial side of the moving plate is against the resistance end of the resistance spring, and is sleeved on the motor shaft; the stator is sleeved on the polygonal boss ring of the connecting seat, and is connected to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial spacing L; the friction plate is provided with a polygonal hole that matches the polygonal boss ring on the connecting seat, through which the polygonal hole can be It is movably inserted on the polygonal boss ring and is located between the moving plate and the stator, and the sum of the axial thicknesses of the friction plate and the moving plate is less than the interval L; the stator group includes enameled wire, a silicon steel sheet turn formed by winding the enameled wire and stacking a number of silicon steel sheets, and a sensor for measuring the internal temperature of the motor, and a second placement hole is provided on the silicon steel sheet turn, and the temperature sensor is placed in the second placement hole; the sum of the axial thicknesses of the stator and the friction plate is greater than the height of the polygonal boss ring, so that the axial end face of the polygonal boss ring is located in the polygonal hole sleeve of the friction plate; the wheelchair motor also includes a plurality of spacer sleeves with a length of L, and the same number of connecting holes and first screw holes are evenly distributed in the same circumferential direction of the stator and the magnetic brake seat, and the spacer sleeve is arranged at least between two connecting holes and the first screw hole, and a screw is passed through the connecting hole and the spacer sleeve and then screwed to the first screw hole, so that the stator is connected to one axial end of the magnetic brake seat with an axial interval L.

2. The wheelchair motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end cover is provided with a circular groove, and several light holes are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the outer side of the circular groove; a through hole is provided in the center of the connecting seat, and a circular ring matching the circular groove is provided on the outer side of the through hole, and several screw holes matching the positions of the light holes are provided on the end face of the circular ring. The connecting seat is sleeved on the motor shaft through the sleeve hole and is circumferentially positioned on the first end cover by inserting the circular ring into the circular groove on the first end cover, and the connecting seat is connected to the first end cover by screws passing through the light hole and then screwed into the screw holes.

3. The wheelchair motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A key slot hole is provided in the center of the magnetic brake seat, and a circular coil slot for placing the coil is provided at one axial end, forming an inner circular surface inside the coil slot and an outer circular surface outside the coil slot. The magnetic brake seat is connected to the motor shaft without relative rotation through the key slot hole and the corresponding flat key. The first placement hole is provided on the inner circular surface, and a plurality of spring holes for placing the resistance springs are evenly distributed on the outer circular surface.

4. The wheelchair motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first screw hole is arranged on the outer annular surface and is located between two adjacent spring holes.

5. The wheelchair motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicon steel sheet is composed of a circular portion and a plurality of T-shaped portions uniformly distributed around the circular portion, and the second placement hole is arranged at one end of one of the T-shaped portions away from the circular portion.

6. The wheelchair motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end cover and the second end cover are rotatably supported on the motor shaft through bearings.

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