Rotating electric machines

Abstract

A rotating electric machine (M) comprising: an annular stator core (31) having a plurality of teeth (31b) and a plurality of slots (32) respectively formed between adjacent teeth; a coil (1) having a plurality of unit coils (11) configured to be wound around the plurality of slots by wave winding; and a rotor (2) disposed to face the stator core and rotate by receiving a magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil, wherein, among both ends of all the unit coils, one end is disposed on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core in the slot, and the other end is disposed on the innermost peripheral side of the stator core in the slot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a rotating electric machine provided with a coil formed by wave winding. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, a three-phase AC rotating electric machine is known, which includes: an annular stator core having a plurality of teeth and a plurality of slots respectively formed between adjacent teeth; a coil wound around the stator core; and a rotor arranged to face each other in a radial direction of the stator core and rotate in response to a magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil. A three-phase AC rotating electric machine provided with a coil formed by wave winding has a unit coil in which a plurality of wire bundles are wave-wound at a predetermined coil pitch for each phase, and the unit coils of each phase (U phase, V phase, W phase) are sequentially inserted into a plurality of slots along a circumferential direction of the same diameter (for example, see JP7-163074A (reference 1), JP2011-182522A (reference 2), JP2013-183492A (reference 3)).

[0003] In the rotating electric machine disclosed in reference 1, a separated magnetic flux coil is formed by dividing each unit coil (conductor in the reference) of each phase into a plurality of parts, and a winding form in which a second layer of separated coils of each phase is sequentially wave-wound in a circumferential direction of the same diameter after a first layer of separated coils of each phase is sequentially wave-wound in a circumferential direction of the same diameter is repeated in a plurality of layers. Therefore, the width of the coil end in one layer of the separated magnetic flux coil is reduced, and expansion in the radial direction due to interference between the coil ends of each phase is minimized.

[0004] References 2 and 3 disclose a rotating electric machine having 3 phases, 8 poles, and 48 slots, in which long pitch winding, in which a coil pitch is larger than the number of slots per pole (the number of slots of a stator core divided by the number of poles of a rotor), and short pitch winding, in which a coil pitch is smaller than the number of slots per pole, are alternately and repeatedly wave-wound along the circumferential direction of the same diameter. In the rotating electric machines disclosed in References 2 and 3, two same-phase unit coils respectively inserted into two adjacent slots are formed of a seamless continuous wire.

[0005] In the rotating electric machines disclosed in references 1 to 3, each unit coil of each phase is sequentially inserted into a plurality of slots along the circumferential direction of the same diameter. Therefore, the coil ends of each phase are stacked from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side of the stator core, and the end of the unit coil of each phase extends from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side of the stator core. Therefore, the connection work of the phase terminal of each unit coil of each phase and the neutral point in the Y connection becomes complicated.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a rotating electric machine that allows easy connection work at the ends of the coils formed by wave winding. Summary of the invention

[0007] A rotating electric machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that the rotating electric machine includes: an annular stator core having a plurality of teeth and a plurality of slots respectively formed between adjacent teeth; a coil having a plurality of unit coils, the plurality of unit coils being configured to be wound on the plurality of slots by wave winding; and a rotor disposed to face the stator core and to rotate by receiving a magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil, wherein, among both end portions of all the unit coils, one end portion is disposed on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core in the slot, and the other end portion is disposed on the innermost peripheral side of the stator core in the slot.

[0008] In this configuration, among both ends of all unit coils, one end is arranged on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core, and the other end is arranged on the innermost peripheral side of the stator core. Therefore, for example, in the case of Y connection in a three-phase AC rotating motor, the connection work of the phase terminals of the unit coils of each phase (U phase, V phase, W phase) and the connection work of the neutral points of the unit coils between each phase are easy.

[0009] In addition, if one end of the unit coil (e.g., phase terminal) is arranged on the outermost peripheral side and the other end of the unit coil (e.g., neutral point) is arranged on the innermost peripheral side, the division between the phase terminal and the neutral point becomes clear. In this way, a rotating electric machine can be provided in which the connection work of the coil end formed by wave winding is easy.

[0010] Another feature is that, in the unit coil, the coil end at one end face side of the tooth is formed by alternatingly repeating long pitch winding and short pitch winding, the long pitch winding having a coil pitch larger than the number of slots per pole obtained by dividing the number of slots of the stator core by the number of poles of the rotor, and the short pitch winding having a coil pitch smaller than the number of slots per pole, and the coil end at the other end face side of the tooth is formed by full pitch winding in which the coil pitch is equal to the number of slots per pole.

[0011] As in this configuration, if the coil end at one end face side of the tooth is formed by long-pitch winding and short-pitch winding, and the coil end at the other end face side of the tooth is formed by full-pitch winding, the two ends of the unit coil can be set on the outermost peripheral side or the innermost peripheral side while making the shape of the unit coil universal.

[0012] Another feature is that both ends of the unit coil extend to one end surface side of the tooth.

[0013] In this configuration, since one end face side of the tooth is formed by long pitch winding and short pitch winding, when two in-phase unit coils are inserted into adjacent slots, the coil end of one unit coil formed by long pitch winding and the coil end of the other unit coil formed by short pitch winding are set. Thus, a space for the coil end is formed in the radial direction without interfering with the corresponding coil ends of the two in-phase unit coils in the radial direction. Therefore, as in this configuration, if both ends of the unit coil are led out to the one end face side, a wire connection portion can be formed by effectively utilizing the space in the radial direction.

[0014] Another feature is that both ends of the unit coil extend to the other end surface side of the tooth.

[0015] In this configuration, since the other end face side of the tooth is formed by full pitch winding, when two same-phase unit coils are inserted into adjacent slots, the width in the radial direction becomes large, but a space in the axial direction is formed. Therefore, as in this configuration, if both end portions of the unit coil are led out to the other end face side, a wire connection portion can be formed by effectively utilizing the space in the axial direction.

[0016] Another feature is that, among two same-phase unit coils inserted into adjacent slots, in one unit coil, the coil end at one end face side of the tooth is formed by long-pitch winding, the long-pitch winding has a coil pitch larger than the number of slots per pole obtained by dividing the number of slots of the stator core by the number of poles of the rotor, and the coil end at the other end face side of the tooth is formed by short-pitch winding, the short-pitch winding has a coil pitch smaller than the number of slots per pole, and in the other unit coil, the coil end at one end face side of the tooth is formed by short-pitch winding, and the coil end at the other end face side of the tooth is formed by long-pitch winding.

[0017] In this configuration, long pitch winding and short pitch winding are repeatedly arranged in two unit coils, and the two unit coils are arranged on one end face side or the other end face side of the tooth. Therefore, the width of the coil ends on both end faces of the tooth in the radial direction can be reduced without interfering with the corresponding coil ends in the two in-phase unit coils.

[0018] Another feature is that the unit coil is formed in a spiral shape that is shifted by one layer in the radial direction for each of the following angles, which is obtained by multiplying the value obtained by dividing 360 degrees by the number of parallel connections of multiple same-phase unit coils electrically connected in parallel and the number of slots per pole per phase obtained by dividing the number of slots of the stator core by the number of phases and the number of poles of the rotor.

[0019] In this configuration, for example, in the case where the parallel number of a rotating electric machine having 3 phases, 8 poles, and 48 slots is 4, the unit coil is formed in a spiral shape shifted by one layer in the radial direction every 180 degrees. That is, in a rotating electric machine in which the number of slots per phase per pole is 2, the parallel number can be increased up to 45 degrees (360 degrees / 8 poles), which is the coil pitch angle of full-pitch winding, and the number of parallel connections can be as high as 16. Therefore, both end portions of the unit coil can be set on the outermost peripheral side or the innermost peripheral side, while increasing the parallel number and applying a large current to the rotating electric machine.

[0020] Another feature is that one end of the unit coil is formed by a Y-connected neutral point.

[0021] The neutral point of the Y connection has one neutral point connection line for connecting all phases, which is smaller than the phase terminal connection line provided in each phase. As in this configuration, if one end of the unit coil provided on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core is the neutral point, since the neutral point connection line can be provided along the coil end on the outer peripheral side of the coil, the shaft size of the rotating electric machine can be made compact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The foregoing and additional features and characteristics of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description considered with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a unit coil;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic plan view showing an example of arrangement in a slot of a unit coil;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic plan view showing a wiring example of a Y connection;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic plan view showing a winding configuration of the U1 phase;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic plan view showing a winding configuration of the U2 phase;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic plan view showing a winding configuration of the U3 phase;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic plan view showing a winding configuration of the U4 phase;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a development diagram showing a unit coil of each unit phase;

[0032] Fig.10 is a schematic side view showing the winding configuration of each phase;

[0033] Fig.11 is a schematic plan view showing an arrangement example of U-phase unit coils according to another embodiment 1;

[0034] Fig.12 is a schematic plan view showing an example of arrangement of U-phase unit coils according to another embodiment 2;

[0035] Fig.13 is a schematic plan view showing a winding configuration of a U1 phase according to another embodiment 2; and

[0036] Fig.14 is a schematic plan view showing a winding configuration of the U2 phase according to another embodiment 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a rotating electric machine according to the present disclosure will be described based on the accompanying drawings. In this embodiment, a three-phase AC synchronous motor (hereinafter, referred to as motor M) will be described as an example of a rotating electric machine. However, it is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown in , the motor M includes: a stator 3 having a plurality of slots 32 around which the coil 1 is wound; and a rotor 2 which is arranged opposite to the stator 3 and has a plurality of permanent magnets 22. In the following description, the rotation direction and the reverse rotation direction of the rotor 2 are referred to as the circumferential direction X, the radial direction of the rotor 2 is referred to as the radial direction Y, and the direction parallel to the axis of the stator core 31 (coaxial with the rotation axis of the rotor 2) is referred to as the axial direction Z. In addition, in the radial direction Y, the direction from the stator 3 to the rotor 2 (the opening side of the slot 32) is referred to as the inward radial direction Y1, and the direction from the rotor 2 to the stator 3 (the bottom side of the slot 32) is referred to as the outward radial direction Y2. In addition, in the axial direction Z, the direction from the stator 3 to the rotor 2 (the opening side of the slot 32) is referred to as the outward radial direction Y2. Figure 1 The direction from the front side to the rear side of the figure is called the rearward axis direction Z1, and Figure 1The direction from the rear side to the front side of the figure is called the forward axis direction Z2.

[0039] The stator 3 has a cylindrical stator core 31, and the stator core 31 is formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic steel plates. The stator core 31 is configured by a yoke 31a formed annularly on the outer radial direction Y2 side, a plurality of teeth 31b protruding from the yoke 31a in the inner radial direction Y1, and a flange 31c provided at the protruding ends of the plurality of teeth 31b along the circumferential direction X. Slots 32 are formed between adjacent teeth 31b, respectively, around which the coil 1 is wound, and a plurality of slots 32 are provided to be the same number as the plurality of teeth 31b.

[0040] The rotor 2 is arranged to face the flange portion 31c of the stator core 31, and rotates in response to the magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil 1. The rotor 2 has: a cylindrical rotor core 21, which is formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic steel plates; and a plurality of permanent magnets 22, which are embedded in the rotor core 21. The rotor core 21 is supported by a shaft member (not shown), and the rotor 2 is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction X relative to the stator 3. The permanent magnets 22 are configured of rare earth magnets or the like, and the N poles and the S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction X. The outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of permanent magnets 22 may be exposed from the rotor core 21.

[0041] The coil 1 wound around the plurality of slots 32 is made of, for example, a wire in which a copper wire is covered with an insulating layer. For the wire, various wires such as a round wire with a round cross section, a square wire with a polygonal cross section, and a rectangular wire with a rectangular cross section are used. In this embodiment, the winding method of the coil 1 with respect to the slots 32 is wave winding.

[0042] Figure 2 The wave-wound unit coil 11 is shown as a winding method of the coil 1 with respect to the slot 32. Although the details will be described later, the coil 1 is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of in-phase unit coils 11 in parallel (see Figure 4 ).

[0043] Although the unit coil 11 is generally constructed by bundling a plurality of conductive wires, for convenience, the unit coil 11 is represented by a line segment. The unit coil 11 has a plurality of coil sides 11a along the axial direction Z and a plurality of coil ends 11b along the circumferential direction X. One end of the coil side 11a along the axial direction Z is connected to the coil end 11b in a first direction (rightward direction of the figure) along the circumferential direction X, and the other end of the coil side 11a along the axial direction Z is connected to the coil end 11b in a second direction (leftward direction of the figure) along the circumferential direction X opposite to the first direction. That is, the coil end 11b is alternately connected to one end or the other end of a pair of coil sides 11a adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction X, and the pair of coil sides 11a have a predetermined coil pitch in the axial direction Z. As described above, in the wave-wound coil 1, the coil end 11b alternately repeats one end face side of the tooth 31b and the other end face side of the tooth 31b (see Fig.10 ).

[0044] The coil pitch is an integer close to the number of slots per pole or close to the number of slots per pole obtained by dividing the number of slots 32 of the stator 3 by the number of poles of the rotor 2. For example, in the case of a motor M having 8 poles and 48 slots (the number of slots per pole is 6), for the coil pitch, 6 slots (full pitch winding), 5 slots (short pitch winding), or 7 slots (long pitch winding) are selected.

[0045] Back to Figure 1 Each of the coils 1 of each phase (U phase, V phase, W phase) has a plurality of unit coils 11 stacked in the slots 32 along the radial direction Y (in this embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 7 The number of stacked layers of the coil side 11a in the slot 32 is not particularly limited as long as the number is two or more.

[0046] Figure 3 An arrangement example is shown in which a plurality of coil sides 11a of a unit coil 11 in each phase are stacked in a slot 32. The U-phase coil 1, the V-phase coil 1, and the W-phase coil 1 are 120° out of phase with each other in electrical angle, respectively. In the following, since the setting configuration of the unit coil 11 is the same except for the phase shift of each phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase), the U-phase coil 1 will be described as a representative. In addition, the numbers that increase in a counterclockwise direction along the periphery represent slot numbers that are set in a virtually manner. In the following, when the slot number of each slot 32 is represented, it is described as, for example, "slot No. 1."

[0047] In this embodiment, a motor M having 3 phases, 8 poles, and 48 slots will be described as an example. The motor M according to this embodiment is an integer slot, in which an irreducible fraction (hereinafter, also referred to as the number of slots per phase per pole) obtained by dividing the number of slots 32 of the stator 3 (48 slots) by the number of phases (3 phases) and the number of magnetic poles of the rotor 2 (8 poles) is 2. That is, in the case where the number of slots having the same phase and the same current direction in each pole (N pole or S pole) is 2, for example, in the case of the U phase, the adjacent slots No. 1 and No. 48 face the same magnetic pole.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown in , the U-phase coil 1 has four unit coils 11, and these unit coils 11 are electrically connected in parallel. Similarly, in the V-phase coil 1 and the W-phase coil 1, the four unit coils 11 are also electrically connected in parallel. The three-phase coil 1 is electrically connected at the neutral point of the Y connection. The three-phase coil 1 can be electrically connected by Δ connection, and there is no special limitation. In the following, the four U-phase unit coils 11 are respectively represented as "U1 phase unit coil 11", "U2 phase unit coil 11", "U3 phase unit coil 11" and "U4 phase unit coil 11".

[0049] Back to Figure 3 The U1-phase unit coil 11 is provided with one end portion on the outermost layer in the outermost radial direction Y2 of slot No. 1 (neutral point U1n in this embodiment) and the other end portion on the innermost layer in the innermost radial direction Y1 of slot No. 18 (phase terminal U1s in this embodiment). The U2-phase unit coil 11 is provided with one end portion on the outermost layer in the outermost radial direction Y2 of slot No. 13 (neutral point U2n in this embodiment) and the other end portion on the innermost layer in the innermost radial direction Y1 of slot No. 30 (phase terminal U2s in this embodiment).

[0050] The U3-phase unit coil 11 is provided with one end portion on the outermost layer in the outermost radial direction Y2 of slot No. 25 (neutral point U3n in this embodiment) and the other end portion on the innermost layer in the innermost radial direction Y1 of slot No. 42 (phase terminal U3s in this embodiment). The U4-phase unit coil 11 is provided with one end portion on the outermost layer in the outermost radial direction Y2 of slot No. 37 (neutral point U4n in this embodiment) and the other end portion on the innermost layer in the innermost radial direction Y1 of slot No. 6 (phase terminal U4s in this embodiment). As described above, the V-phase terminals V1s to V4s, the V-phase neutral points V1n to V4n, the W-phase terminals W1s to W4s, and the W-phase neutral points W1n to W4n have the same configuration, and thus description thereof is omitted.

[0051] That is, in this embodiment, among both ends of all unit coils 11, one end is arranged on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core 31, and the other end is arranged on the innermost peripheral side of the stator core 31. In addition, one end of the unit coil 11 is composed of a Y-connected neutral point, and the other end of the unit coil 11 is composed of a Y-connected phase terminal.

[0052] Then, use Figure 3 and Figures 5 to 10 A winding configuration (arrangement configuration of the unit coil 11) for arranging both ends of all the unit coils 11 on the outermost peripheral side or the innermost peripheral side of the stator core 31 is described. In the following description, in the slots 32 of the five layers in which the coil side 11a is accommodated, the first layer to the fifth layer are described from the outermost layer on the outermost peripheral side to the innermost layer on the innermost peripheral side. That is, the outermost layer of the slots 32 is the first layer, and the second layer, the third layer, the fourth layer, and the fifth layer are arranged along the inward radial direction Y1.

[0053] exist Figure 3 and Figures 5 to 8 In the example, the coil side 11a of the unit coil 11 of the U1 phase (also applicable to Figure 3 The V1 phase and W1 phase in the figure are represented by solid circles, and the coil side 11a of the unit coil 11 of the U2 phase (the same applies to Figure 3 The V2 phase and W2 phase in the figure are represented by solid squares, and the coil side 11a of the unit coil 11 of the U3 phase (the same applies to Figure 3 The V3 phase and W3 phase in the figure are indicated by a dotted circle, and the coil side 11a of the unit coil 11 of the U4 phase (the same applies to Figure 3 The V4 phase and W4 phase in the graph are represented by dashed boxes. Figures 5 to 8 In the coil end 11b connecting the adjacent coil sides 11a in the circumferential direction X, one end surface side of the tooth 31b (the front side in the figure) is indicated by a solid line, and the other end surface side of the tooth 31b (the rear side in the figure) is indicated by a dotted line. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , the U-phase unit coil 11 is represented by a solid line, the V-phase unit coil 11 is represented by a single-dot chain line, and the W-phase unit coil 11 is represented by a double-dot chain line. Fig. 9 The numbers on the development view of the unit coil 11 shown in indicate the coil pitch. Figure 3 and Figures 5 to 8 It is a schematic diagram in which the flange portion 31 c of the stator core 31 is omitted.

[0054] Figure 5The winding configuration of the U1 phase unit coil 11 is shown. One end portion (neutral point U1n) of the U1 phase unit coil 11 is the first layer of slot No. 1, the coil side 11a is arranged on the rearward axial direction Z1 of slot No. 1, and the coil end 11b is arranged on the other end face side (the rear side of the figure) of the tooth 31b from the first layer of slot No. 1 to the first layer of slot No. 7, wherein the coil pitch is full pitch winding (6 slots). Next, the coil side 11a is arranged on the forward axial direction Z2 of slot No. 7, and the coil end 11b is arranged on one end face side (the front side of the figure) of the tooth 31b from the first layer of slot No. 7 to the first layer of slot No. 12, wherein the coil pitch is short pitch winding (5 slots).

[0055] Next, the coil side 11a is arranged in the rearward axial direction Z1 of the slot No. 12, and the coil end 11b is arranged on the other end face side (the rear side in the figure) of the tooth 31b from the first layer of the slot No. 12 to the first layer of the slot No. 18, wherein the coil pitch is full pitch winding (6 slots). Next, the coil side 11a is arranged in the forward axial direction Z2 of the slot No. 18, and the coil end 11b is arranged on one end face side (the front side in the figure) of the tooth 31b from the first layer of the slot No. 18 to the second layer of the slot No. 25, wherein the coil pitch is long pitch winding (7 slots). The coil pitch of the U1 phase unit coil 11 in this half cycle (0.5 turns) is repeated in this order of full pitch winding, short pitch winding, full pitch winding, and long pitch winding. The U1 phase unit coil 11 is arranged to be shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 in the slot No. 25 shifted by 180 degrees from the slot No. 1.

[0056] That is, the first 0.5 turns of the U1-phase unit coil 11 repeat the full pitch winding, short pitch winding, full pitch winding, and long pitch winding in this order in the order of slot No. 1, slot No. 7, slot No. 12, slot No. 18, and slot No. 25. In slot No. 25 shifted by 180 degrees from slot No. 1, the coil side 11a is disposed on the second layer of the slot 32 shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1.

[0057] Similarly, the second 0.5 turns of the U1-phase unit coil 11 repeat the full pitch winding, short pitch winding, full pitch winding, and long pitch winding in this order in the order of slot No. 25, slot No. 31, slot No. 36, slot No. 42, and slot No. 1. In slot No. 1 shifted by 180 degrees from slot No. 25, the coil side 11a is disposed on the third layer of the slot 32 shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1. Furthermore, the same winding configuration is repeated one turn (1 turn), and the coil side 11a of the U1-phase unit coil 11 is disposed on the third and fifth layers of slot No. 1.

[0058] Next, the coil end 11b is arranged on the other end face side (the rear side in the figure) of the tooth 31b from the fifth layer of slot No. 1 to the fifth layer of slot No. 7, wherein the coil pitch is full pitch winding (6 slots). Next, the coil side 11a is arranged on the forward axis direction Z2 of slot No. 7, and the coil end 11b is arranged on one end face side (the front side in the figure) of the tooth 31b from the fifth layer of slot No. 7 to the fifth layer of slot No. 12, wherein the coil pitch is short pitch winding (5 slots). Next, the coil side 11a is arranged on the rear axis direction Z1 of slot No. 12, and the coil end 11b is arranged on the other end face side (the rear side in the figure) of the tooth 31b from the fifth layer of slot No. 12 to the fifth layer of slot No. 18, wherein the coil pitch is full pitch winding (6 slots). Then, the coil side 11a is arranged on the forward axis direction Z2 of slot No. 18, and the other end (phase terminal U1s) of the U1 phase unit coil 11 is led out. That is, the fifth layer of slot No. 18 is the other end (phase terminal U1s) of the U1 phase unit coil 11. That is, approximately the fifth 0.5 turns of the U1 phase unit coil 11 are arranged in the order of full pitch winding, short pitch winding, and full pitch winding from the fifth layer of slot No. 1 to the fifth layer of slot No. 18, and the other end (phase terminal U1s) of the U1 phase unit coil 11 is led out from the end of the full pitch winding.

[0059] Therefore, the U1 phase unit coil 11 has approximately 2.5 turns in total, and short pitch winding and long pitch winding are repeated alternately on one end face side (front side of the figure) of the tooth 31b. On the other end face side (back side of the figure) of the tooth 31b, all full pitch winding is present.

[0060] Figure 6 The winding configuration of the U2-phase unit coil 11 is shown. One end of the U2-phase unit coil 11 (neutral point U2n) is the first layer of slot No. 13, and the other end of the U2-phase unit coil 11 (phase terminal U2s) is the fifth layer of slot No. 30. That is, compared with the positions of the two ends of the U1-phase unit coil 11, the positions of the two ends of the U2-phase unit coil 11 are shifted counterclockwise by the following angle (90 degrees), which is obtained by dividing 360 degrees by the number of U-phase unit coils 11 (four, with Figure 4 The same number of parallel connections in is obtained.

[0061] In the winding configuration of the U2-phase unit coil 11, similarly to the U1-phase unit coil 11, in the first 0.5 turns, full-pitch winding, short-pitch winding, full-pitch winding, and long-pitch winding are repeated in this order in the order of slot No. 13, slot No. 19, slot No. 24, slot No. 30, slot No. 37, and the coil side 11a is disposed in slot No. 37 shifted by 180 degrees from slot No. 13 on the second layer shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 of the slot 32. Similarly, the second 0.5 turns of the U2-phase unit coil 11 cause full-pitch winding, short-pitch winding, full-pitch winding, and long-pitch winding to be repeated in this order in the order of slot No. 37, slot No. 43, slot No. 48, slot No. 6, and slot No. 13, and the coil side 11a is disposed in slot No. 13 shifted by 180 degrees from slot No. 37 on the third layer shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 of the slot 32. In addition, the same winding configuration is repeated one circle (1 turn), and the coil side 11a of the U2-phase unit coil 11 is arranged on the third layer and the fifth layer of slot No. 13. Approximately the fifth 0.5 turns of the U2-phase unit coil 11 are arranged from the fifth layer of slot No. 13 to the fifth layer of slot No. 30 in the order of full-pitch winding, short-pitch winding, and full-pitch winding, and the other end portion (phase terminal U2s) of the U2-phase unit coil 11 is led out from the end portion of the full-pitch winding.

[0062] Figure 7 The winding configuration of the U3-phase unit coil 11 is shown. One end of the U3-phase unit coil 11 (neutral point U3n) is the first layer of slot No. 25, and the other end of the U3-phase unit coil 11 (phase terminal U3s) is the fifth layer of slot No. 42. That is, compared with the positions of the two ends of the U2-phase unit coil 11, the positions of the two ends of the U3-phase unit coil 11 are shifted counterclockwise by the following angle (90 degrees), which is obtained by dividing 360 degrees by the number of U-phase unit coils 11 (four, with Figure 4 The same number of parallel connections in is obtained.

[0063] In the winding configuration of the U3-phase unit coil 11, similarly to the U1-phase unit coil 11, in the first 0.5 turns, full-pitch winding, short-pitch winding, full-pitch winding, and long-pitch winding are repeated in this order in the order of slot No. 25, slot No. 31, slot No. 36, slot No. 42, and slot No. 1, and the coil side 11a is disposed in slot No. 1 shifted by 180 degrees from slot No. 25 on the second layer shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 of the slot 32. Similarly, the second 0.5 turns of the U3-phase unit coil 11 cause full-pitch winding, short-pitch winding, full-pitch winding, and long-pitch winding to be repeated in this order in the order of slot No. 1, slot No. 7, slot No. 12, slot No. 18, and slot No. 25, and the coil side 11a is disposed in slot No. 25 shifted by 180 degrees from slot No. 1 on the third layer shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 of the slot 32. In addition, the same winding configuration is repeated one circle (1 turn), and the coil side 11a of the U3-phase unit coil 11 is arranged on the third and fifth layers of slot No. 25. Approximately the fifth 0.5 turns of the U3-phase unit coil 11 are arranged from the fifth layer of slot No. 25 to the fifth layer of slot No. 42 in the order of full-pitch winding, short-pitch winding, and full-pitch winding, and the other end portion (phase terminal U3s) of the U3-phase unit coil 11 is led out from the end portion of the full-pitch winding.

[0064] Figure 8 The winding configuration of the U4-phase unit coil 11 is shown. One end of the U4-phase unit coil 11 (neutral point U4n) is the first layer of slot No. 37, and the other end of the U4-phase unit coil 11 (phase terminal U4s) is the fifth layer of slot No. 6. That is, compared with the positions of the two ends of the U3-phase unit coil 11, the positions of the two ends of the U4-phase unit coil 11 are shifted counterclockwise by the following angle (90 degrees), which is obtained by dividing 360 degrees by the number of U-phase unit coils 11 (four, with Figure 4 The same number of parallel connections in is obtained.

[0065] In the winding configuration of the U4 phase unit coil 11, similar to the U1 phase unit coil 11, in the first 0.5 turns, full pitch winding, short pitch winding, full pitch winding and long pitch winding are repeated in this order in the order of slot No. 37, slot No. 43, slot No. 48, slot No. 6 and slot No. 13, and the coil side 11a is arranged in slot No. 13 which is shifted 180 degrees from slot No. 37 on the second layer of the slot 32 which is shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1. Similarly, the second 0.5 turns of the U4-phase unit coil 11 repeats the full pitch winding, short pitch winding, full pitch winding, and long pitch winding in this order in the order of slot No. 13, slot No. 19, slot No. 24, slot No. 30, and slot No. 37, and the coil side 11a is arranged on the third layer of the slot 32 shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 in slot No. 37 shifted by 180 degrees from slot No. 13. In addition, the same winding configuration is repeated one circle (1 turn), and the coil side 11a of the U4-phase unit coil 11 is arranged on the third layer and the fifth layer of slot No. 37. The approximately fifth 0.5 turns of the U4-phase unit coil 11 are arranged in the order of full pitch winding, short pitch winding, and full pitch winding from the fifth layer of slot No. 37 to the fifth layer of slot No. 6, and the other end (phase terminal U4s) of the U4-phase unit coil 11 is led out from the end of the full pitch winding.

[0066] As described above, for two turns, the winding configuration of the U-phase unit coil 11 repeats 0.5 turns consisting of full pitch winding, short pitch winding, full pitch winding, and long pitch winding, and the final shape is substantially the same as the full pitch winding, short pitch winding, and full pitch winding in 0.5 turns (see Fig. 9 In addition, if Figures 5 to 8 As shown in , a plurality of same-phase unit coils 11 have the same spiral shape, which is constructed by shifting the positions of both end portions by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction X. Therefore, even when the U1-phase to U4-phase unit coils 11 are electrically connected in parallel, no potential difference is generated between the respective unit coils 11, and the generation of circulating current can be prevented.

[0067] A plurality of unit coils 11 electrically connected in parallel are formed in a spiral shape, and each unit coil 11 is shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 every 180 degrees (0.5 turns). The angle of one layer shift is defined by the angle obtained by multiplying the number of slots per pole per phase (two) by the value obtained by dividing 360 degrees by the number of parallel connections (four) in which a plurality of same-phase unit coils 11 are electrically connected in parallel. That is, in the motor M of this embodiment in which the number of slots per pole per phase is 2, the number of parallel connections can be increased to up to 45 degrees (360 degrees / 8 poles), which is the coil pitch angle of full-pitch winding, and the number of parallel connections can be up to 16. Therefore, a large current can be applied to the motor M by increasing the number of parallel connections.

[0068] like Fig. 9 As shown in , when the unit coil 11 is unfolded, the U-phase unit coils 11 all have the same shape, which includes 10 full pitch windings and a total of 9 short pitch windings or long pitch windings. Similar to the U phase, the V phase and the W phase all have the same shape, which includes 10 full pitch windings and a total of 9 short pitch windings or long pitch windings. As described above, since the shapes of all the unit coils 11 are the same, the forming tools of the unit coils 11 can be generalized and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[0069] Here, the total number (F) of the full-pitch wound coil ends 11b of the unit coil 11 in this embodiment and the total number (G) of the short-pitch wound or long-pitch wound coil ends 11b can be defined by the following equations (1) and (2). A represents the number of phases, B represents the number of slots, C represents the number of in-phase unit coils 11 (the same as the parallel number), and D represents the number of stacked slots 32.

[0070] Expression (1) F = (D / C) × (B / 2A)

[0071] Expression (2) G = (D / C) × (B / 2A) - 1

[0072] The motor M of this embodiment has 3 phases, 8 poles and 48 slots (A=3, B=48), the number of in-phase unit coils 11 is 4 (C=4), and the number of stacked slots 32 is 5 (D=5). Therefore, according to equation (1), the total number of full-pitch wound coil ends 11b is F=(5 / 4)×(48 / 6)=10, and the total number of short-pitch wound or long-pitch wound coil ends 11b is G=(5 / 4)×(48 / 6)-1=9.

[0073] Fig.10 A conceptual diagram showing the winding configuration of each phase when viewed from the radial direction Y is shown. Fig.10It can be understood that, in all the unit coils 11 of each phase, on one end face side (upper side of the figure) of the tooth 31b, short pitch winding and long pitch winding are repeated alternately, and on the other end face side (lower side of the figure) of the tooth 31b, all full pitch winding is presented. Since one end face side of the tooth 31b is composed of long pitch winding and short pitch winding, when two unit coils 11 of the same phase are inserted into adjacent slots 32, coil ends 11b are provided in which one unit coil 11 is formed by long pitch winding and the other unit coil 11 is formed by short pitch winding. Therefore, the width of the coil ends 11b in the radial direction Y can be reduced without interfering with the coil ends 11b in the same phase unit coils 11. On the other hand, since the full pitch winding is repeated on the other end face side of the tooth 31b, the width in the radial direction Y is greater than the width in the radial direction Y at one end face side, because the coil ends 11b in the same phase unit coils 11 interfere with each other. Therefore, in a plan view, a space is formed on one end surface side in the radial direction Y. In this embodiment, both ends of the unit coil 11 extend in the same direction as the axial direction Z, and both ends of the unit coil 11 are led out to one end surface side (see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 ). That is, since one end face side, in which a space is formed in the radial direction Y, is the same direction side to which both ends of the unit coil 11 extend, a wire connection portion can be formed by effectively utilizing the space, and the diameter size of the motor M can be made compact. Both ends of the unit coil 11 can extend in the same direction in the axial direction Z, and both ends of the unit coil 11 can be led out to the other end face side. In this case, the width in the radial direction Y in the other end face side is greater than the width in the radial direction Y in one end face side, but a space is created in the axial direction Z. Therefore, the space can be effectively used to form a wire connection portion, and the axial size of the motor M can be made compact.

[0074] Another embodiment 1

[0075] Fig.11 An example of a configuration of a U-phase unit coil 11 according to another embodiment 1 in a motor M having 3 phases, 8 poles, and 48 slots is shown. In this embodiment, among two same-phase unit coils 11 inserted into adjacent slots 32, in one unit coil 11, a coil end 11b at one end face side of a tooth 31b is formed by long-pitch winding and a coil end 11b at the other end face side of the tooth 31b is formed by short-pitch winding, and in the other unit coil 11, a coil end 11b at one end face side of a tooth 31b is formed by short-pitch winding and a coil end 11b at the other end face side of the tooth 31b is formed by long-pitch winding.

[0076] That is, in the U1-phase unit coil 11 and the U3-phase unit coil 11 inserted into the slot No. 1, the coil end 11b on one end face side (front side in the figure) of the tooth 31b is formed by long-pitch winding, and the coil end 11b on the other end face side (rear side in the figure) of the tooth 31b is formed by short-pitch winding. On the other hand, in the U2-phase unit coil 11 and the U4-phase unit coil 11 inserted into the slot No. 48 adjacent to the slot No. 1, the coil end 11b on one end face side (front side in the figure) of the tooth 31b is formed by short-pitch winding, and the coil end 11b on the other end face side (rear side in the figure) of the tooth 31b is formed by long-pitch winding.

[0077] That is, in this embodiment, in two unit coils 11 (for example, U1 phase unit coil 11 and U2 phase unit coil 11) provided at one end face side or the other end face side of the tooth 31b, long pitch winding and short pitch winding are repeatedly provided. Therefore, the width of the coil end 11b at both end faces of the tooth 31b in the radial direction Y can be reduced without interfering with the coil end 11b in the same phase unit coil 11.

[0078] Another embodiment 2

[0079] Figure 12 to Figure 14 A configuration example of a U-phase unit coil 11 according to another embodiment 2 in a motor M having 3 phases, 8 poles, and 48 slots is shown.

[0080] In this embodiment, the parallel number in which a plurality of (two in this embodiment) same-phase unit coils 11 are electrically connected in parallel is two. Also in this embodiment, as in the above-described embodiment, the unit coil 11 is formed in a spiral shape that is shifted by one layer in the radial direction Y at every angle (360 degrees) obtained by multiplying the number of slots per phase per pole (two) by the value obtained by dividing 360 by the parallel number (two) (see Fig.13 and Fig.14 ).

[0081] In this embodiment, since the parallel connection number and the number of slots per pole per phase are the same, a plurality of (five in this embodiment) coil sides 11a of a unit coil 11 can be provided for one slot 32. Therefore, there is no need to Figure 3 As in the example shown in , the end of the U1-phase unit coil 11 and the end of the U3-phase unit coil 11 are arranged to be shifted by 180 degrees.

[0082] In this embodiment, if Fig.12As shown in , one end portion (neutral point U1n) of the U1-phase coil side 11a serves as the first layer of slot No. 1, and one end portion (neutral point U2n) of the U2-phase coil side 11a serves as the first layer of slot No. 48 adjacent to slot No. 1. In addition, the other end portion (phase terminal U1s) of the U1-phase coil side 11a serves as the fifth layer of slot No. 42, and the other end portion (phase terminal U2s) of the U2-phase coil side 11a serves as the fifth layer of slot No. 43 adjacent to slot No. 42.

[0083] Therefore, the ends of the two U-phase unit coils 11 are led out from the adjacent slots 32. Thus, the phase terminal connection line can be shortened, and erroneous wiring of the phase terminal connection line of each phase can be prevented.

[0084] In addition, all unit coils 11 have approximately 5 turns in total, and on one end face side (front side of the figure) of the tooth 31b, short pitch winding and long pitch winding are repeated alternately. On the other end face side (rear side of the figure) of the tooth 31b, all full pitch windings are present (see Fig.13 and Fig.14 ).

[0085] Here, the total number (F) of the coil ends 11b of the unit coil 11 wound at full pitch and the total number (G) of the coil ends 11b wound at short pitch or long pitch can be defined as follows. The motor M of the present embodiment has 3 phases, 8 poles and 48 slots (A=3, B=48), the number of the same-phase unit coils 11 is 2 (C=2), and the number of stacked slots 32 is 5 (D=5). Therefore, according to the above equation (1), the total number of the coil ends 11b wound at full pitch is F=(5 / 2)×(48 / 6)=20, and according to equation (2), the total number of the coil ends 11b wound at short pitch or long pitch is G=(5 / 2)×(48 / 6)-1=19.

[0086] On the other hand, the shape of the unit coil 11 is different between the U1 phase and the U2 phase. Fig.13 As shown in , for 4.5 turns, the U1 phase unit coil 11 repeats 0.5 turns consisting of full pitch winding, short pitch winding, full pitch winding and long pitch winding, and the last approximately 0.5 turns consists of full pitch winding, short pitch winding and full pitch winding. Fig.14 As shown in , for 4.5 turns, the U2-phase unit coil 11 repeats 0.5 turns consisting of full pitch winding, long pitch winding, full pitch winding and short pitch winding, and the last approximately 0.5 turns consist of full pitch winding, long pitch winding and full pitch winding.

[0087] As described above, in this embodiment, although it is necessary to prepare two types of unit coils 11 of different shapes, the phase terminal connection line can be shortened and incorrect wiring of the phase terminal connection line can be prevented. Figure 3 In the example, as in the embodiment, both ends of the U3 phase unit coil 11 and both ends of the U4 phase unit coil 11 can be pulled out from adjacent slots 32, while both ends of the U1 phase unit coil 11 and both ends of the U2 phase unit coil 11 can be pulled out from adjacent slots 32.

[0088] Other Implementations

[0089] (1) In the above-described embodiment, one end of the unit coil 11 disposed on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core 31 is constituted by a Y-connected neutral point, and the other end of the unit coil disposed on the innermost peripheral side of the stator core 31 is constituted by a Y-connected phase terminal. Instead of such a configuration, one end of the unit coil 11 disposed on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core 31 may be constituted by a Y-connected phase terminal, and the other end of the unit coil 11 disposed on the innermost peripheral side of the stator core 31 may be constituted by a Y-connected neutral point.

[0090] (2) In the above embodiment, the unit coil 11 is wound from the outermost peripheral side of the stator core 31 in a manner shifted by one layer in the inward radial direction Y1 at every predetermined angle, but the unit coil 11 may be wound from the innermost peripheral side of the stator core 31 in a manner shifted by one layer in the outward radial direction Y2 at every predetermined angle.

[0091] (3) In the above embodiment, the motor M having 8 poles and 48 slots has been described as an example, but any motor M may be used as long as the number of slots per pole per phase is an integer. In addition, the motor M is not limited to the motor M in which the rotor 2 is arranged along the inner radial direction Y1 of the stator core 31, but may be the motor M in which the rotor 2 is arranged along the outer radial direction Y2 of the stator core 31.

[0092] (4) The motor M in the above-described embodiment is not limited to a three-phase AC synchronous motor, and may be an AC motor having two or more phases, an induction motor, a synchronous motor, or the like.

[0093] The present disclosure is applicable to a rotating electric machine provided with a coil formed by wave winding.

[0094] The principles, preferred embodiments and modes of operation of the present invention have been described in the foregoing description. However, the invention, which is intended to be protected, should not be construed as being limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. In addition, the embodiments described herein should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive. Variations and modifications may be made by others without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and equivalents may be adopted. Therefore, it is expressly intended that all such variations, modifications and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the claims are thereby covered.

Claims

1. A rotating electrical machine (M), comprising: An annular stator core (31), the annular stator core (31) having a plurality of teeth (31b) and a plurality of slots (32) respectively formed between adjacent teeth; A coil (1) having a plurality of unit coils (11) configured to be wound around the plurality of slots by wave winding; and a rotor (2) disposed to face the stator core and rotated by receiving magnetic flux generated by energizing the coil, wherein, among both ends of all the unit coils, one end is disposed on the outermost peripheral side of the stator core in the slot, and the other end is disposed on the innermost peripheral side of the stator core in the slot, wherein the unit coil is formed in a spiral shape shifted by one layer in the radial direction for each angle obtained by multiplying a value obtained by dividing 360 degrees by the number of parallel connections in which a plurality of same-phase unit coils are electrically connected in parallel and a number of slots per phase per pole obtained by dividing the number of slots of the stator core by the number of phases and the number of poles of the rotor, In which, in the unit coil, the coil end at one end face side of the tooth is formed by alternatingly repeating long pitch winding and short pitch winding, the long pitch winding has a coil pitch larger than the number of slots per pole obtained by dividing the number of slots of the stator core by the number of poles of the rotor, the short pitch winding has a coil pitch smaller than the number of slots per pole, and the coil end at the other end face side of the tooth is formed by full pitch winding, in which the coil pitch is equal to the number of slots per pole.

2. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, in, Both ends of the unit coil extend to one end surface side of the tooth.

3. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, in, Both ends of the unit coil extend to the other end surface side of the tooth.

4. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The one end portion of the unit coil is formed by a Y-connected neutral point.

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