Shield machine cutter head maintenance hole and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shield machine cutter head inspection hole and its construction method. The inspection hole includes: an inspection hole segment formed by excavating soil and arranged vertically, and the inspection hole segment is located in front of the advancing direction of the shield machine; a positioning casing pressed into the inspection hole segment; a plurality of support casings pressed into the positioning casing, and two adjacent support casings are butt-connected. Before pressing in the corresponding support casing, a section of soil is continuously excavated downward, so that an inspection hole is formed in the plurality of support casings. The inspection hole of the present invention is supported by the support casing. During the formation process, a section of soil is excavated and a section of the support casing is sunk. The inspection hole is supported by the support casing with high strength, which can avoid deformation during the cutter head inspection process, improve operation safety, and effectively solve the problem of instability of the traditional reinforced concrete structure, and has very high practical value and popularization value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of underground construction engineering, and particularly to a shield machine cutter head maintenance hole and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As is well known, when the shield tunneling method is used for the construction of long-distance tunnels in urban subways, the cutter head of the shield machine is usually maintained or the cutter is replaced after the shield machine has advanced a certain distance. Generally, before the maintenance, a shield maintenance shaft and a shield maintenance passage need to be constructed in advance. After the shield machine reaches the shield maintenance passage, a shield machine maintenance hole is constructed. For the shield machine maintenance hole, the traditional construction method is to manually dig a hole and then add steel bars (usually circumferential steel bars + vertical steel bars) and cast-in-place concrete (usually C20 early-strength concrete). However, it is known from practice that the maintenance hole constructed by this method has an unstable structure. During the maintenance process of the shield machine cutter head, since the cutter head of the shield machine needs to rotate and the torque is very large at this time, it is extremely easy to cause the deformation of the maintenance hole, bringing great potential safety hazards to the shield machine maintenance. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a more scientific shield machine maintenance hole with stable structure, sufficient bearing capacity and not easy to deform. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a shield machine cutter head maintenance hole and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing reinforced concrete maintenance hole is extremely easy to deform due to the influence of the cutter head torque during the cutter head maintenance process, thereby bringing potential safety hazards to the construction.

[0004] The technical solution for realizing the above purpose is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a shield machine cutter head maintenance hole, including:

[0006] A maintenance hole segment formed by excavating the soil body and vertically arranged, and the maintenance hole segment is located in front of the advancing direction of the shield machine;

[0007] A positioning casing pressed into the maintenance hole segment;

[0008] A plurality of support casings pressed into the positioning casing, and two adjacent support casings are butt-connected. Before pressing in the corresponding support casing, a section of soil body is continuously excavated downward, so that a maintenance hole is formed in the plurality of support casings;

[0009] An opening is formed on one side of the support casing at the bottom corresponding to the cutter head of the shield machine to form a maintenance opening;

[0010] The maintenance hole is arranged in a transverse passage above the shield machine, the inner wall of the transverse passage is provided with a primary support structure, and a breaking opening corresponding to the maintenance hole segment is opened on the primary support structure;

[0011] The outer side of the positioning casing is fixedly connected to the grid main reinforcement in the primary support structure at the breaking opening.

[0012] The inspection hole of the present invention is supported by a support casing. During its formation process, a section of soil is excavated and the support casing is sunk by a section. Using the support casing with high strength to support the inspection hole can avoid deformation during the cutter head inspection process, improve operation safety, and effectively solve the problem of instability of the traditional reinforced concrete structure, having very high practical value and popularization value.

[0013] A further improvement of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention lies in that a jacking mechanism is installed in the transverse passage above the support casing at the top, and the corresponding support casing is pressed down through the jacking mechanism.

[0014] A further improvement of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention lies in that multiple struts are connected to the inner top support of the support casing.

[0015] The present invention also provides a construction method for the cutter head inspection hole of a shield machine, including the following steps:

[0016] Grout and reinforce the soil around the set position of the inspection hole;

[0017] Excavate a section of soil downward at the set position of the inspection hole to form an inspection hole section;

[0018] Provide a positioning casing and press the positioning casing into the formed inspection hole section;

[0019] Provide a support casing and press the support casing into the positioning casing;

[0020] Continue to excavate a section of soil downward, press the next support casing from the top of the positioning casing and butt-connect the adjacent two support casings, and repeat this step until the support casing at the bottom reaches the designed elevation at the bottom of the inspection hole, so that an inspection hole is formed inside multiple support casings;

[0021] Open an inspection opening on one side of the support casing at the bottom corresponding to the cutter head of the shield machine, and inspect the cutter head of the shield machine through the formed inspection opening;

[0022] It also includes setting the position of the inspection hole to be formed in the transverse passage above the shield machine;

[0023] Break the primary support structure at the position corresponding to the set position of the inspection hole at the bottom of the transverse passage;

[0024] When pressing the positioning casing into the formed inspection hole section, connect and fix the top of the positioning casing to the grid main reinforcement in the primary support structure at its periphery.

[0025] A further improvement in the construction method of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention lies in that it further includes:

[0026] Support multiple crossbeams above the positioning casing in the cross passage;

[0027] Install jacks on the crossbeams, connect the jacks to the support casing at the top, and use the jacks to press down the support casing.

[0028] A further improvement in the construction method of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention lies in that it further includes:

[0029] Provide a strut. After the support casing is pressed down in place, connect the strut to the inside of the support casing by jacking. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view after the construction of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention is completed.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a perspective view from above after the construction of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention is completed.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a top view of the orifice of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural view of hoisting earthwork during the construction of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural view of the cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention for inspecting the cutter head of the shield machine. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a cutter head inspection hole of a shield machine and its construction method, which is used to solve the problem that the existing reinforced concrete inspection hole is prone to deformation and brings potential safety hazards. The cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention uses a support casing as the support. The support casing is made of a steel casing, which has sufficient strength and can maintain structural stability even when subjected to a large torque force during the inspection of the cutter head, providing safety protection for construction workers. During the construction of the inspection hole of the present invention, the positioning casing is first used to position the top of the inspection hole to be formed, and then the support casing is installed in the positioning casing, and the construction is carried out by the method of excavating soil while pressing the support casing. The installation accuracy of the support casing can be guaranteed. The inspection hole of the present invention has many advantages such as economy, practicality, convenient operation, and safety and reliability. The cutter head inspection hole of the shield machine of the present invention and its construction method will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0037] Refer to Figure 1 , which shows a cross-sectional view after the construction of the access hole for the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention. Refer to Figure 4 , which shows a schematic structural view of hoisting soil during the construction of the access hole for the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention. The following will be combined with Figure 1 and Figure 4 , to describe the access hole for the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention.

[0038] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, the access hole for the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention includes an access hole segment, a positioning casing 22 and a plurality of supporting casings 23. The access hole for the cutter head of the shield machine is arranged in the soil body 10, and the access hole for the cutter head of the shield machine is arranged in front of the advancing direction of the shield machine, and is used for inspecting the cutter head of the shield machine when the shield machine advances to the position of the access hole. Usually, when the tunneling distance of the shield machine is relatively long, a plurality of inspection positions are arranged on the tunneling path of the shield machine, and the cutter head of the shield machine that tunnels to this place subsequently is inspected by forming a vertically downward access hole in the soil body 10. When the access hole for the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention is constructed, first, the soil body is excavated at the set position to form an access hole segment, that is, a section of soil body is excavated downward to form an access hole segment, and the access hole segment is located in front of the advancing direction of the shield machine. Then, the positioning casing 22 is pressed into the access hole segment, and the positioning casing 22 is arranged at the top of the access hole to be formed, and the positioning casing 22 is used for positioning; the supporting casings 23 are pressed into the positioning casing 22, and two adjacent supporting casings 23 are butt-jointed. Before pressing the corresponding supporting casing 23, a section of soil body is excavated downward, so that an access hole is formed in a plurality of supporting casings 23. Among them, the excavation of the soil body is carried out by manual excavation, and the soil is excavated in sections, and the supporting casings also sink in sections correspondingly, improving the safety of the formation of the access hole.

[0039] The supporting casing 23 is used for supporting, and an access hole is formed inside the supporting casing 23, that is, the inside of the supporting casing 23 is an inspection operation space. The stiffness of the supporting casing 23 provides a safe and stable operation environment for the construction operators, providing guarantee for the safety of the inspection operation.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, in combination with Figure 5As shown, the support casing 23 at the bottom forms an inspection opening 231 on one side corresponding to the cutter head of the shield machine 31. Preferably, the inspection opening 231 is formed by cutting off a part of the support casing 23. When constructing the inspection opening 231, the size of the inspection opening 231 is designed to be adapted to the size of one spoke on the cutter head. With the rotation of the cutter head, all the cutters on the cutter head can be inspected. And the size of the inspection opening 231 is designed to be relatively small, which can avoid having a great impact on the overall strength of the support casing 23 and can ensure the structural strength and stability of the support casing 23.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the inspection hole of the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention further includes a reinforcement structure 21. Before excavating the soil mass to form the inspection hole section, the soil mass is first reinforced to form the reinforcement structure 21. The reinforcement structure 21 is formed by grouting and reinforcing the periphery of the designed position of the inspection hole. The grouting direction adopts WSS backstepping deep-hole grouting. The reinforcement structure 21 is arranged around the designed position of the inspection hole. The width of the reinforcement structure 21 is 3 times the inner diameter of the inspection hole, and the depth is 1 m lower than the designed elevation of the bottom of the inspection hole. The grouting pressure is controlled at 0.5 MPa to 1.0 MPa, the diffusion radius is 0.75 m, and the grouting slurry is cement-sodium silicate slurry. Preferably, the grouting needs to be completed more than 50 m away from the shield machine to ensure that the slurry will not spread into the shield machine. By setting the reinforcement structure 21, the strength of the soil mass around the inspection hole to be formed is reinforced, and the structural stability of the soil mass in this range is also improved, thereby improving the stability of the inspection hole.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the inspection hole is arranged in the cross passage 13 located above the shield machine. The cross passage 13 is arranged above the left-line shield tunnel 11 and the right-line shield tunnel 12. The inspection hole to be formed is arranged in front of the corresponding left-line shield tunnel 11 and right-line shield tunnel 12. An initial support structure is provided on the inner wall of the cross passage 13, and a breaking opening corresponding to the inspection hole section is opened on the initial support structure; the outer side of the positioning casing 22 is fixedly connected to the grid main reinforcement in the initial support structure at the breaking opening. Combining Figure 3 shown, the initial support structure 131 provided on the inner wall of the cross passage 13 is a reinforced concrete structure formed by spraying concrete on the grid main reinforcement 132. When breaking, the concrete on the initial support structure 131 at the inspection hole position is broken. After the breaking is completed, the grid main reinforcement 132 is cut off. When cutting, a part of the grid main reinforcement 132 is left at the periphery of the breaking opening. When constructing the positioning casing 22, the positioning casing 22 is welded and fixed to the grid main reinforcement 132 left at the periphery of the breaking opening to improve the structural stability of the positioning casing 22.

[0043] When pressing down the positioning casing 22, the bottom of the positioning casing 22 is abutted against a solid formation, providing a stable and firm support for the positioning casing 22. And a part of the top of the positioning casing 22 protrudes into the transverse channel 13. The part of the positioning casing 22 that protrudes effectively protects the construction safety in the inspection hole, preventing sundries at the bottom of the transverse channel 13 from falling into the inspection hole and causing the danger of high-altitude falling objects. Preferably, the height of the part of the positioning casing 22 that protrudes into the transverse channel 13 is 20 cm.

[0044] Further, in combination with Figure 4 As shown, to improve the structural stability of the positioning casing 22, a retaining ring structure 26 is provided on the outer periphery of the positioning casing 22, and the retaining ring structure 26 is fixedly connected to the grid main reinforcement 132 at the periphery of the breaking opening. Further, before installing the positioning casing 22, a plurality of grid main reinforcements at the breaking opening are connected together by a circular steel bar to form a whole. Preferably, the retaining ring structure 26 is a circular steel plate, sleeved on the positioning casing 22 and welded to the positioning casing 22, and then the circular steel plate is placed at the periphery of the breaking opening and connected to the corresponding grid main reinforcement to support and position the positioning casing 22.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, a jacking mechanism 24 is installed in the transverse channel 13 above the support casing 23 at the top, and the corresponding support casing 23 is pressed down by the jacking mechanism 24.

[0046] When installing the support casing 23, first hoist a support casing 23 into the positioning casing 22, and then press down the support casing 23 to the in-place position by pushing the top of the support casing 23 through the jacking mechanism. Then excavate a section of soil downward. Due to the friction between the support casing 23 and the soil, the support casing 23 will not fall to the bottom of the newly excavated hole. Then hoist another support casing 23, and continue to press the other support casing 23 into the positioning casing 22 through the jacking mechanism, and fixedly connect the butt joints of the two support casings 23. Repeat this process until the bottom support casing 23 reaches the design elevation at the bottom of the inspection hole.

[0047] Further, the jacking mechanism 24 includes a jacking plate 241 sleeved on the top of the corresponding support casing 23 and a jack 242 abutted against the jacking plate 241. The jack 242 presses down the jacking plate 241 to further press down the support casing 23. Preferably, the jacking plate 241 is an annular plate, and an annular card slot is provided at the bottom of the annular plate. The annular plate is sleeved on the top end of the support casing 23 through the annular card slot, and the annular plate is placed on the top end of the support casing 23. The size of the annular plate is relatively large, providing a relatively stable jacking force-bearing surface for the jack 242, enabling the jacking force of the jack 242 to be evenly transmitted to the support casing 23 and preventing the support casing 23 from being deformed by pressing. Preferably, the jacking plate 241 is made of a steel plate with a width of 100 mm.

[0048] Specifically, a cross beam 27 is transversely supported in the cross passage. The end of the jack 242 is fixed on the cross beam 27, and the cross beam 27 provides a backrest for the jack 242. Preferably, there are multiple cross beams 27.

[0049] Still further, as Figure 4 shown, a lifting mechanism 25 is further installed in the cross passage 13. The corresponding support casing 23 is hoisted into the positioning casing 22 through the lifting mechanism 25. Preferably, the lifting mechanism 25 includes a winch 251 arranged in the cross passage 13, a fixed pulley 252 fixed on the cross passage 13 and located above the positioning casing 22, and a lifting rope 253 wound around the winch 251. The hoisting end of the lifting rope 253 bypasses the fixed pulley 252 and can be lowered into the positioning casing 22. The support casing 23 is connected through the hoisting end, and the support casing 23 can be hoisted to the positioning casing 22. The fixed pulley 252 can be installed and fixed on a corresponding cross beam 27.

[0050] Preferably, lifting lugs are fixedly provided at both ends of the support casing 23. During hoisting, the hoisting end of the lifting rope 253 is connected to the lifting lugs, and then the support casing 23 is hoisted in place. When two adjacent support casings 23 are butt-connected, the two support casings can be fastened and connected by aligning the lifting lugs and then using bolts passing through the two lifting lugs.

[0051] When installing the support casing 23, ensure that the center deviation between the support casing 23 and the pile hole formed by the excavated soil body is not greater than 2 cm, and strictly control the verticality of the support casing 23. The inclination of the support casing is not greater than 1%. After the support casing 23 is installed in place, water-containing clay is evenly backfilled around the support casing 23, and the water content of the clay is added according to the required fluidity. The clay is used to densify the gap between the support casing 23 and the positioning casing 22. Furthermore, when there is a gap between the inner wall of the pile hole formed by the support casing 23 and the excavated soil body, the clay can also fill and densify the gap.

[0052] The specific process of installing the supporting casing 23 is as follows: after the installation of the positioning casing 22 is completed, the first supporting casing is installed, and a 1-ton hand winch is used to place the supporting casing into the positioning casing, and then the supporting casing is positioned in the positioning casing. After positioning, earthwork is excavated, and the excavation depth each time is about 200mm. After the earthwork excavation is completed, a 5-ton jack is used to push the pushing mechanism on the supporting casing to sink the supporting casing. After pushing 200mm, the earthwork is excavated downward again by 200mm, and then the jack continues to push, and the cycle is repeated. Before the tail of the first supporting casing is pushed into the positioning casing 22, the next supporting casing is hoisted, and the bottom of the supporting casing is bolted to the top of the first supporting casing, and the jack is used to continue to push the top supporting casing. At this time, the pushing plate is installed on the top of the supporting casing at the top, and then the jack is pushed onto the pushing plate, and the supporting casing is continuously sunk. The excavation and pushing are cyclically carried out until the design elevation of the bottom of the inspection hole is reached.

[0053] Furthermore, the lifting end of the lifting rope 253 can also be connected to a bucket 254, and the bucket 254 can be used to lift the soil formed by excavation into the transverse passage 13, and then transport it out of the transverse passage 13.

[0054] In a specific implementation, after the support casing 23 is installed, a plurality of support rods are connected inside the support casing 23 to strengthen the structural stability of the support casing 23 by using the support rods.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, in order to prevent people from falling into the manually dug pile, an openable guardrail with a height of 1200 mm is installed on the outer periphery of the positioning casing 22 .

[0056] In a specific embodiment, a bottom sealing structure is provided at the bottom of the support casing 23 at the bottom. The bottom sealing structure is used to seal the bottom of the support casing 23, so that the bottom of the inspection hole is closed, which can be effectively isolated from the external soil, and prevent the external soil from being disturbed by the rotation of the cutter head, thereby affecting the stability of the inspection hole and improving the safety of the operation.

[0057] Preferably, the bottom cover structure includes a plurality of steel sections spread all over the bottom of the supporting casing 23, and the steel sections are supported and connected to the inside of the supporting casing at the bottom.

[0058] In a specific embodiment, a ladder is provided on the inner wall of the support casing 23, and the ladder is provided from the top of the manhole to the bottom of the manhole. The provided ladder can facilitate personnel to enter and exit the manhole.

[0059] Specifically, the positioning casing 22 and the support casing 23 of the present invention adopt steel casings of Q235. The diameter of the positioning casing 22 is 10 cm larger than that of the support casing 23. The positioning casing is 0.7 m long, buried 0.5 m deep, and has a wall thickness of 6 mm. The length of the support casing 23 is designed to be one-fifth of the depth of the inspection hole, with a thickness of 15 mm. There are four lifting lugs for hoisting on each section of the support casing. Holes are provided on the jacking plate of the jacking mechanism corresponding to the lugs, which does not affect the hoisting and jacking operations of the support casing.

[0060] The present invention also provides a construction method for the inspection hole of the cutter head of a shield machine. The construction method for the inspection hole of the cutter head of the shield machine will be described below.

[0061] The construction method for the inspection hole of the cutter head of the shield machine of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0062] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, grouting reinforcement is carried out on the soil around the set position of the inspection hole, and a reinforcement structure 21 is formed through grouting reinforcement;

[0063] Combined with Figure 4 shown, a section of soil is excavated downward at the set position of the inspection hole to form an inspection hole section;

[0064] Provide the positioning casing 22 and press the positioning casing 22 into the formed inspection hole section;

[0065] Provide the support casing 23 and press the support casing 23 into the positioning casing 22;

[0066] Continue to excavate a section of soil downward, press the next support casing from the top of the positioning casing 22 and butt-connect the adjacent two support casings. Repeat this step until the support casing at the bottom reaches the design elevation of the bottom of the inspection hole, so that an inspection hole is formed inside multiple support casings.

[0067] The present invention utilizes the support casing 23 to play a support role. An inspection hole is formed inside the support casing 23, that is, the inside of the support casing 23 is the inspection operation space. The stiffness of the support casing 23 provides a safe and stable operation environment for construction workers and guarantees the safety of the inspection operation.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, combined with Figure 5As shown in the figure, it further includes: an inspection opening 231 is formed on one side of the support casing 23 at the bottom corresponding to the cutter head of the shield machine, and the cutter head of the shield machine is inspected through the formed inspection opening. Preferably, the inspection opening 231 is formed by cutting off a part of the support casing 23. When constructing the inspection opening 231, the size of the inspection opening 231 is designed to be adapted to the size of one spoke on the cutter head. With the rotation of the cutter head, all the cutters on the cutter head can be inspected. Moreover, the size of the inspection opening 231 is designed to be relatively small, which can avoid having a greater impact on the overall strength of the support casing 23 and can ensure the structural strength and stability of the support casing 23.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, as Figure 1 shown in the figure, it further includes: setting the position of the inspection hole to be formed in the cross passage 13 above the shield machine;

[0070] breaking the primary support structure 131 at the position corresponding to the set position of the inspection hole at the bottom of the cross passage 13;

[0071] When pressing the positioning casing 22 into the formed inspection hole section, connecting and fixing the top of the positioning casing 22 with the grid main reinforcement 132 in the primary support structure 131 at its periphery.

[0072] Furthermore, after breaking the primary support structure 131, cutting off the corresponding grid main reinforcement and retaining the grid main reinforcement at the periphery of the formed break. When constructing the positioning casing 22, welding and fixing the positioning casing 22 with the grid main reinforcement 132 remaining at the periphery of the break to improve the structural stability of the positioning casing 22.

[0073] Combined with Figure 4 shown in the figure, to improve the structural stability of the positioning casing 22, a retaining ring structure 26 is provided on the outer periphery of the positioning casing 22, and the retaining ring structure 26 is fixedly connected with the grid main reinforcement 132 at the periphery of the break. Furthermore, before setting the positioning casing 22, a plurality of grid main reinforcements at the break are connected together with a circular steel bar to form a whole. Preferably, the retaining ring structure 26 is an annular steel plate, which is sleeved on the positioning casing 22 and welded to the positioning casing 22, and then the annular steel plate is placed at the periphery of the break and connected with the corresponding grid main reinforcement to play a role in supporting and positioning the positioning casing 22.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, it further includes:

[0075] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, a plurality of cross beams 27 are supported in the cross passage 13 above the positioning casing 22; a jack 242 is installed on the cross beam 27, the jack 242 is connected with the support casing 23 at the top, and the support casing 23 is pressed down by using the jack 242.

[0076] To cooperate with the pushing operation of the jack 242, a pushing plate 241 is installed on the support casing at the top, and the pushing force of the jack 242 is evenly transmitted to the support casing 23 through the pushing plate 241, avoiding deformation of the support casing 23 due to being pressed.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, it further includes: providing a support rod, after the support casing is pressed down in place, the support rod is connected to the inner side of the support casing by jacking.

[0078] The present invention has been described in detail above in combination with the embodiments with the drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various variations of the present invention according to the above description. Therefore, some details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation to the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A maintenance hole for the cutter head of a shield machine, characterized in that, it includes: A maintenance hole segment formed by excavating the soil mass and arranged vertically, and the maintenance hole segment is located in front of the advancing direction of the shield machine; A positioning casing pressed into the maintenance hole segment; A plurality of support casings pressed into the positioning casing, and two adjacent support casings are butt-connected. Before pressing the corresponding support casing, continue to excavate a section of soil mass downward, so that a maintenance hole is formed in the plurality of support casings; An opening is formed on one side of the support casing at the bottom corresponding to the cutter head of the shield machine to form a maintenance opening; The maintenance hole is arranged in a transverse passage located above the shield machine, the inner wall of the transverse passage is provided with a primary support structure, and a breaking opening corresponding to the maintenance hole segment is opened on the primary support structure; The outer side of the positioning casing is fixedly connected to the grid main reinforcement in the primary support structure at the breaking opening.

2. The maintenance hole for the cutter head of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A jacking mechanism is installed in the transverse passage above the support casing at the top, and the corresponding support casing is pressed down through the jacking mechanism.

3. The maintenance hole for the cutter head of a shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple struts are connected by top support inside the support casing.

4. A construction method for the maintenance hole of the cutter head of a shield machine, characterized in that, it includes the following steps: Grout and reinforce the soil mass around the set position of the maintenance hole; Excavate a section of soil mass downward at the set position of the maintenance hole to form a maintenance hole segment; Provide a positioning casing and press the positioning casing into the formed maintenance hole segment; Provide a support casing and press the support casing into the positioning casing; Continue to excavate a section of soil mass downward, press the next support casing from the top of the positioning casing and butt-connect two adjacent support casings, and repeat this step until the support casing at the bottom reaches the design elevation of the bottom of the maintenance hole, so that a maintenance hole is formed inside the plurality of support casings; Open an opening on one side of the support casing at the bottom corresponding to the cutter head of the shield machine to form a maintenance opening, and perform maintenance on the cutter head of the shield machine through the formed maintenance opening; It also includes setting the position where the required maintenance hole is to be formed in a transverse passage located above the shield machine; Break the primary support structure at the position corresponding to the set position of the maintenance hole at the bottom of the transverse passage; When pressing the positioning casing into the formed maintenance hole segment, fixedly connect the top of the positioning casing to the grid main reinforcement in the primary support structure at its periphery.

5. The construction method for the maintenance hole of the cutter head of a shield machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, it also includes: Support multiple cross beams above the positioning casing in the transverse passage; Install jacks on the cross beams, connect the jacks to the support casing at the top, and use the jacks to press down the support casing.

6. The construction method for the maintenance hole of the cutter head of a shield machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, it also includes: Provide struts, and after the support casing is pressed down in place, connect the struts by top support inside the support casing.

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