A horizontal five-axis machining center with a flip plate

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flap-type horizontal five-axis machining center, comprising a worktable support mechanism, a worktable, a worktable base, a worktable flip mechanism, a machine bed, a bed column, a saddle, a ram, an AC swing head, a chain chip conveyor, a chip trolley, and a water tank. The worktable support mechanism is equipped with a worktable positioning and clamping mechanism. The machine bed is fixed to the rear end of the worktable support mechanism via a plurality of bottom connectors. The lower ends of the bed columns are mounted on the machine bed, and the upper ends of the bed columns are mounted on the top of the worktable support mechanism. The chain chip conveyor is mounted above the plurality of bottom connectors and below the AC swing head. The chip trolley and the water tank are respectively mounted on the ground. The machining center has a reasonable layout and is easy to install, debug, repair, and maintain. It can ensure that the machine tool has sufficient rigidity and good dynamic characteristics throughout the entire machining stroke, so that the spindle can maintain good cutting performance at any position within the stroke range, thereby improving workpiece machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a machining center, in particular to a flap horizontal five-axis machining center. Background Art

[0002] Large-scale aluminum alloy structural parts for aviation have the characteristics of high metal removal rate, large part size and multiple specifications, high manufacturing precision, and are mostly integral thin-walled structural parts. The processing equipment needs to be able to meet the following requirements: high-speed and efficient processing technology; high-speed and high-power spindle; high rigidity and high precision; multi-axis linkage.

[0003] In traditional gantry-type vertical machining centers, since the workpiece is placed horizontally, a large amount of high-temperature chips generated during machining accumulate in the thin-wall structure of the workpiece and cannot be discharged in time, which can easily cause secondary thermal deformation and secondary cutting of the workpiece, seriously affecting the machining accuracy of the workpiece and the service life of the tool. However, during machining on a flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center, the workpiece is placed vertically. The chips generated during machining can be smoothly discharged under the action of gravity after the worktable is flipped, avoiding the problems of secondary thermal deformation and secondary cutting of the workpiece, greatly improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece and the service life of the tool, and becoming a new choice for the machining of large-scale aluminum alloy structural parts in aviation.

[0004] Existing flip-type horizontal five-axis machining centers usually have two layouts: First, during processing, the column is fixed, the worktable can move in the X direction, and the spindle box mounted on the side of the column can move in the Y and Z directions, and cooperate with the AC swing head on the spindle box to achieve five-axis processing; after the worktable is moved to the outside of the machine tool, it can be flipped to a horizontal position through a flip mechanism to facilitate workpiece clamping. During processing, the worktable is rotated 90 degrees to a vertical position and then moved into the processing area for processing. Second, during processing, the worktable is fixed, the column can move in the X direction, and the spindle box mounted on the side of the column can move in the Y and Z directions, and cooperate with the AC swing head on the spindle box to achieve five-axis processing; the worktable can be flipped to a horizontal position outside the machine tool through a flip mechanism to facilitate workpiece clamping. During processing, the flip mechanism first rotates the worktable 90 degrees to a vertical position, and then returns it to the processing station and fixes it for processing.

[0005] The existing problems of the horizontal five-axis machining center with a fixed column and a movable worktable during machining are:

[0006] 1) The length dimension is large, and the site requirements are high. Because the worktable moves, plus the external turning mechanism and the parallel transportation mechanism for transporting the worktable from the processing area to the turning area, the X-direction length of the machine tool needs to be at least 3.5 times the X-direction stroke, which limits the development of the machining center structure in the direction of large stroke;

[0007] 2) The workbench is heavy and needs to perform multiple movements such as translation and flipping. The corresponding moving mechanism has a complex structure and high precision requirements.

[0008] 3) The overall mass and center of gravity of the moving parts (the worktable and the workpiece on it) vary with different workpieces. Moreover, during the processing of the same workpiece, the overall mass and center of gravity of the moving parts also change continuously as the processing operation proceeds, which is not conducive to the inertia ratio of the drive motor, affects the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool, and thus causes a decrease in the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0009] The existing problems of the horizontal five-axis machining center with a fixed workbench and a movable column during machining are:

[0010] 1) The workbench flip mechanism is placed at the bottom of the workbench. To ensure the height of the entire machine, the flip mechanism is usually installed in a pit, which requires digging a pit, thereby increasing installation costs and difficulty, and is not conducive to subsequent maintenance and repair;

[0011] 2) The worktable flipping mechanism typically uses a hydraulic cylinder as the driving force. Since the flip milling process requires the synchronous movement of two support arms, the hydraulic cylinder synchronization control accuracy is not high, which can easily cause irregular vibration of the worktable. Since the weight of the flip milling workpiece varies greatly, the flipping speed of the worktable must be adjusted according to the workpiece weight to minimize the processing cycle, but the hydraulic system has poor speed regulation capability.

[0012] 3) The spindle is hung on the column sideways, which requires high rigidity of the whole machine and poor thermal stability. The column is in an off-center load state and is prone to deformation, resulting in loss of precision.

[0013] 4) Due to the structural limitations of the side-mounted box, the column width is narrow, the power distribution span of the column's X-axis movement is small, and the spindle center is located outside the column support point. During machining, the column is always subjected to a tilting moment, affecting the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool and thus reducing the workpiece machining accuracy;

[0014] 5) The top of the column lacks support. Due to the characteristics of the workpiece processed by the turnover machine, the processing area is evenly distributed at various positions of the stroke. When high-speed processing is performed on the upper stroke range, the drive motor of the column is placed at the bottom, and the center of gravity of the moving parts is high, which affects the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool and thus reduces the processing accuracy of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center in response to the shortcomings of the existing technology. The machining center has a reasonable layout and is easy to install, debug, repair and maintain. It can ensure that the machine tool has sufficient rigidity and good dynamic characteristics throughout the entire machining stroke, so that the spindle can maintain good cutting performance at any position within the stroke range, thereby improving the workpiece machining accuracy.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center, including a worktable support mechanism, a worktable, a worktable base, a worktable flipping mechanism, a machine tool bed, a bed column, a saddle, a ram, an AC swing head, a chain chip conveyor, an iron chip car and a water tank. The worktable support mechanism is a left-right symmetrical U-shaped frame structure, and the bed column, the saddle, the ram and the AC swing head are all left-right symmetrical structures. A worktable positioning and clamping mechanism is installed on the worktable support mechanism, the worktable is placed horizontally on the worktable base, the worktable base is installed on the front side of the worktable support mechanism, the worktable flipping mechanism is installed on the worktable support mechanism, and the rear end of the worktable support mechanism is fixed with A plurality of bottom connectors, the machine tool bed is fixed on the plurality of bottom connectors, the lower end of the bed column is slidably mounted on the machine tool bed along the X direction of the machine tool through the X-direction main drive mechanism, the upper end of the bed column is slidably mounted on the top of the workbench support mechanism along the X direction of the machine tool through the X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism, the saddle is slidably mounted on the middle part of the bed column along the Y direction of the machine tool through the Y-direction drive mechanism, the ram is slidably mounted on the saddle along the Z direction of the machine tool through the Z-direction drive mechanism, the AC swing head is mounted on the ram, the chain chip conveyor is mounted above the plurality of bottom connectors and below the AC swing head, and the chip trolley and the water tank are respectively mounted on the ground.

[0017] In the flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center of the present invention, the worktable support mechanism, the bottom connector, the machine bed, the bed columns, etc. together constitute an overall frame structure, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the overall structure of the machine tool. In particular, the bed columns are supported at the top and bottom and driven at the same time, which can ensure that the machine tool has sufficient rigidity and good dynamic characteristics throughout the entire machining stroke, so that the spindle can maintain good cutting performance at any position within the stroke range.

[0018] Since the bed column, saddle, ram, AC swing head and other components of this flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center are all symmetrical structures, the overall center of gravity of the bed column in the X direction is always maintained on the spindle center axis. Through the overall reasonable layout, it is ensured that at any position within the Y and Z travel ranges, the overall center of gravity of the bed column in the Z direction is always within its support span, and the spindle movement has little effect on the overall center of gravity of the bed column, which can avoid the bed column from tilting forward. At the same time, the overall symmetrical structure of the bed column can reduce the precision loss caused by thermal deformation, thereby improving the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool and the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0019] The waterproof and chip-proof design of the whole machine of this flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center is relatively simple. The chain chip conveyor is installed above the bottom connector at a certain height from the ground, so that the chip cart and water tank can be installed on the ground. Therefore, the whole flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center does not need to be installed in the ground, which can save installation costs, reduce the installation cycle of the machine tool, and facilitate installation, commissioning, repair and maintenance.

[0020] Preferably, the workbench support mechanism includes a supporting top beam, a positioning top beam, a positioning base, a left supporting column, a right supporting column, and a supporting base, wherein the left supporting column and the right supporting column are respectively upright mounted on the tops of both ends of the supporting base, the supporting top beam is mounted across the tops of the left supporting column and the right supporting column, the positioning top beam is mounted at the bottom of the supporting top beam, the positioning base is mounted at the top of the supporting base, the positioning top beam and the positioning base are spaced apart from each other, the workbench flipping mechanism includes two flipping units, the two flipping units are symmetrically mounted on the supporting base, the workbench base is located between the two flipping units, the multiple bottom connectors are fixed to the rear end of the supporting base, and the upper ends of the bed columns are slidably mounted on the supporting top beam along the X-direction of the machine tool via the X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism. The above structural design can ensure the overall rigidity of the workbench support mechanism and the reliable support effect of the workbench.

[0021] Preferably, each of the flipping units is equipped with a plurality of workbench grabbing units, each of which includes a servo motor, a reducer, a lead screw, a nut, a connecting rod, a support arm, and a base; the servo motor is installed at one end of the support arm, the other end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the base via a first bearing, the reducer is installed at the output end of the servo motor, one end of the lead screw is connected to the reducer, the other end of the lead screw is installed on the support arm, the nut is threadedly connected to the lead screw, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the nut via a second bearing, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the base via a third bearing, and the base is fixed to the support base; a support arm guide rail is installed on the support arm, the support arm guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the lead screw, a slider is installed on the nut, and the slider is slidably mounted on the support arm guide rail. The workbench flipping mechanism is driven by a servo motor, which can ensure that the flipping units on both sides are driven synchronously, so that the workbench can be flipped smoothly and the positioning accuracy of the workbench is guaranteed. Since the servo motor has the ability to precisely regulate speed, the flipping speed can be adjusted according to the weight of the workpiece clamped on the workbench, reducing the processing beat, ensuring the synchronization of the movements of the support arms on both sides and the repeatable position accuracy, and ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece. In the initial state where the workpiece needs to be clamped, the workbench is placed horizontally on the workbench base and the support arms are closed. When the workbench needs to be flipped, several workbench grabbing units grab the workbench, grab the workbench, and then the servo motor works. The servo motor amplifies the torque through the reducer and transmits power to the lead screw, driving the lead screw to rotate and pushing the nut to move along the support arm guide rail. While the nut moves, it pushes the connecting rod to rotate, causing the center point of the second bearing to rotate around the center point of the third bearing, and then the support arm is driven to rotate around the center point of the first bearing through the rotation of the connecting rod until the support arm is fully opened, causing the workbench to flip to a vertical position.

[0022] Preferably, each of the workbench grabbing units includes a grabbing cylinder mounted on the support arm, a positioning support column mounted on the output end of each grabbing cylinder, and positioning blocks corresponding to each of the positioning support columns are fixed on the left and right sides of the workbench, each of the positioning blocks having a positioning hole. During the workbench flipping process, when the workbench grabbing units grab the workbench, each of the positioning support columns is inserted into one of the positioning holes. When the workbench needs to be grabbed, the positioning support columns are respectively inserted into the positioning holes to achieve X-axis positioning support for the workbench.

[0023] Preferably, the workbench positioning and clamping mechanism includes two workbench coarse positioning units, one workbench fine positioning unit and multiple workbench positioning and clamping units, the two workbench coarse positioning units are symmetrically installed on the left supporting column and the right supporting column, each of the workbench coarse positioning units includes a coarse positioning oil cylinder, and the output end of each of the coarse positioning oil cylinders is installed with a coarse positioning pin; the workbench fine positioning unit is installed on the left supporting column, the workbench fine positioning unit includes a fine positioning oil cylinder, and the output end of the fine positioning oil cylinder is installed with a fine positioning pin; the positioning top beam and the positioning base are respectively provided with a plurality of The workbench positioning and clamping unit, each of the workbench positioning and clamping units includes a positioning and clamping cylinder, the output end of each positioning and clamping cylinder is axially connected to a pressure block, and the cylinder body of each positioning and clamping cylinder is axially connected to two left-right symmetrical connecting plates, the front ends of the two connecting plates are respectively axially connected to the middle and upper parts of the pressure blocks, and the pressure blocks are located between the two connecting plates. The top and bottom sides of the workbench are respectively fixed with limit blocks corresponding to each of the pressure blocks. When the workbench is flipped to a vertical state and positioned and clamped, the precision positioning pin presses against the left side of the workbench, and each of the pressure blocks presses against one of the limit blocks. When the workpiece needs to be clamped, the workbench is placed horizontally on the workbench base. After the workpiece is clamped, several workbench grasping units grasp the workbench. After the two flipping units flip the workbench 90 degrees to a vertical position, the two coarse positioning cylinders work first, and the coarse positioning pins on both sides of the workbench extend toward the workbench to roughly position the workbench. At this time, the workbench flipping mechanism is disengaged from the workbench and rotates 90 degrees to return to the initial horizontal position; then the fine positioning cylinder works, and the fine positioning pin extends to tighten the workbench from left to right, so that the workbench is close to the right supporting column. After that, multiple positioning and clamping cylinders work simultaneously, and their output ends extend respectively, so that multiple pressure blocks respectively press multiple limit blocks, and apply a larger clamping force to the multiple limit blocks to achieve positioning and clamping of the workbench. At this time, the machine tool can start processing operations. After the workpiece is processed, the worktable flipping mechanism rotates 90 degrees and rises to a vertical state and grabs the worktable again. At the same time, multiple positioning clamping cylinders, fine positioning cylinders and two coarse positioning cylinders release the worktable. The worktable flipping mechanism grabs the worktable and rotates it 90 degrees again, bringing the worktable back to the worktable base to disassemble the processed workpiece and clamp the next round of workpieces to be processed.

[0024] Preferably, the X-direction main drive mechanism includes two X-direction main drive units, symmetrically positioned on either side of the bottom of the bed column. Each X-direction main drive unit includes an X-direction main drive motor and a first rack-and-pinion transmission mechanism. The output end of the X-direction main drive motor is connected to the input end of the first rack-and-pinion transmission mechanism, and the output end of the first rack-and-pinion transmission mechanism is connected to the lower end of the bed column. Two first X-direction guide rails are symmetrically mounted on the machine tool bed, and the lower end of the bed column is slidably mounted on the two first X-direction guide rails. The two X-direction main drive units are mounted on either side of the bottom of the bed column, respectively, to increase the span of the bed column and improve the smooth operation of the machine tool.

[0025] Preferably, the X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism includes two X-direction auxiliary drive units, and the two X-direction auxiliary drive units are symmetrically arranged at the top of the bed column. Each of the X-direction auxiliary drive units includes an X-direction auxiliary drive motor and a second gear rack transmission mechanism. The output end of the X-direction auxiliary drive motor is connected to the input end of the second gear rack transmission mechanism, and the output end of the second gear rack transmission mechanism is connected to the upper end of the bed column; two second X-direction guide rails are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower support beams, and the upper end of the bed column can be slidably installed on the two second X-direction guide rails.

[0026] Preferably, the Y-direction drive mechanism includes two Y-direction drive units, and the two Y-direction drive units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bed column. Each of the Y-direction drive units includes a Y-direction drive motor and a Y-direction lead screw transmission mechanism. The output end of the Y-direction drive motor is connected to the input end of the Y-direction lead screw transmission mechanism, and the two sides of the saddle are respectively connected to the nuts of the two Y-direction lead screw transmission mechanisms; the bed column is a U-shaped frame structure, and two Y-guide rails are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bed column. The two sides of the saddle can be slidably installed on the two Y-guide rails and are located on the inner side of the U-shaped frame of the bed column.

[0027] Preferably, the middle and lower parts of both sides of the bed column are respectively provided with X-direction widening blocks. The function of the X-direction widening blocks on both sides of the bed column is to move the center of gravity of the bed column downward, further increase the support span of the bed column, and make the machine tool run more smoothly.

[0028] Preferably, the Z-direction drive mechanism includes a Z-direction drive unit, which is arranged at the bottom of the saddle. The Z-direction drive unit includes a Z-direction drive motor and a Z-direction screw transmission mechanism, and the bottom end of the slide is connected to the nut of the Z-direction screw transmission mechanism; the saddle has a U-shaped box structure, and four Z-direction guide rails are symmetrically installed at the four corners of the inner side of the saddle, and the slide can be slidably installed on the four Z-direction guide rails.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. The bed column is driven up and down simultaneously by the X-axis auxiliary drive mechanism and the X-axis main drive mechanism, and the lower and upper ends of the bed column are rigidly connected to the overall frame of the machine tool respectively, ensuring the rigidity of the machine column when it moves quickly, so that the spindle has sufficient rigid support when processing at any position on the bed column, especially the rigidity of the spindle when processing at the upper end of the bed column, ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece when processing at the upper end;

[0031] 2. The worktable support mechanism, bottom connector, machine bed, bed columns, etc. together form an overall frame structure, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the overall structure of the machine tool. Combined with the rigid support of the upper and lower bed columns and the simultaneous drive of the upper and lower columns, it can ensure that the machine tool has sufficient rigidity and good dynamic characteristics throughout the entire processing stroke, so that the spindle can maintain good cutting performance at any position within the travel range;

[0032] 3. The bed column, saddle, ram, AC swing head and other components are all symmetrical structures, ensuring that the overall center of gravity of the bed column in the X direction always remains on the spindle axis. Through the overall reasonable layout, it is ensured that the overall center of gravity of the bed column in the Z direction is always within its support span at any position within the Y and Z travel ranges, which can avoid the deformation caused by eccentric loads. In addition, the spindle movement has little effect on the overall center of gravity of the bed column, which can prevent the bed column from tilting forward. At the same time, the overall symmetrical structure of the bed column can reduce the precision loss caused by thermal deformation, thereby improving the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool and the processing accuracy of the workpiece;

[0033] 4. The machine tool bed can adopt a modular design, which is convenient for the expansion of the X-axis stroke. The increase in the X-axis stroke has little effect on the overall dimensions of the machine and does not require a high installation site.

[0034] 5. The waterproof and chip-proof design of the whole machine is relatively simple. The chain chip conveyor is installed above the bottom connector at a certain height from the ground, so that the chip car and water tank can be installed on the ground. Therefore, the whole flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center does not need to be installed in the ground, which can save installation costs, reduce the installation period of the machine tool, and facilitate installation, commissioning, repair and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a front side view of the flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center with the workbench in a horizontal position in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a front side view of a flap-type horizontal five-axis machining center with the workbench in a vertically clamped state in an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle II sectional view (at this moment the clamping cylinder is positioned and the clamping table is positioned);

[0039] Figure 5 To correspond to Figure 4 The state diagram of the positioning clamping cylinder when releasing the workbench;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a rear side view of the flap-type horizontal five-axis machining center with the workbench in a vertically clamped state in the embodiment;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a front side view of the assembly of the bed column and the machine tool bed in the embodiment;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a rear side view of the assembly of the bed column and the machine tool bed in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] The flip-type horizontal five-axis machining center of the embodiment, as shown in the figure, includes a worktable support mechanism 1, a worktable 2, a worktable base 20, a worktable flipping mechanism, a machine bed 4, a bed column 5, a saddle 61, a ram 62, an AC swing head 63, a chain chip conveyor 71, an iron chip car 72 and a water tank 73. The worktable support mechanism 1 is a bilaterally symmetrical U-shaped frame structure. The bed column 5, the saddle 61, the ram 62 and the AC swing head 63 are all bilaterally symmetrical structures. A worktable positioning and clamping mechanism is installed on the worktable support mechanism 1. The worktable 2 is placed horizontally on the worktable base 20. The worktable base 20 is installed on the front side of the worktable support mechanism 1 (in actual application, the worktable base 20 can be adjusted to a corresponding base form according to whether the worktable needs to be exchanged). The worktable flipping mechanism is installed On the workbench support mechanism 1, two bottom connectors 10 are fixed at the rear end of the workbench support mechanism 1, the machine bed 4 is fixed on the two bottom connectors 10, the lower end of the bed column 5 is slidably mounted on the machine bed 4 along the X direction of the machine tool through the X-direction main drive mechanism, the upper end of the bed column 5 is slidably mounted on the top of the workbench support mechanism 1 along the X direction of the machine tool through the X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism, the saddle 61 is slidably mounted on the middle part of the bed column 5 along the Y direction of the machine tool through the Y-direction drive mechanism, the slide 62 is slidably mounted on the slide saddle 61 along the Z direction of the machine tool through the Z-direction drive mechanism, the AC swing head 63 is mounted on the slide 62, the chain chip conveyor 71 is mounted above the two bottom connectors 10 and below the AC swing head 63, and the chip cart 72 and the water tank 73 are respectively mounted on the ground.

[0045] In this embodiment, the workbench support mechanism 1 includes a supporting top beam 11, a positioning top beam 12, a positioning base 13, a left supporting column 14, a right supporting column 15 and a supporting base 16. The left supporting column 14 and the right supporting column 15 are respectively upright mounted on the top of the two ends of the supporting base 16. The supporting top beam 11 is mounted across the top of the left supporting column 14 and the right supporting column 15. The positioning top beam 12 is mounted on the bottom of the supporting top beam 11. The positioning base 13 is mounted on the top of the supporting base 16. The positioning top beam 12 and the positioning base 13 are spaced apart in the upper and lower directions. The workbench turning mechanism includes two turning units 3. The two turning units 3 are symmetrically mounted on the supporting base 16 on the left and right. The workbench base 20 is located between the two turning units 3. The two bottom connectors 10 are fixed to the rear end of the supporting base 16. The upper end of the bed column 5 is slidably mounted on the supporting top beam 11 along the X direction of the machine tool through the X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism.

[0046] In this embodiment, two workbench grabbing units are installed on each flip unit 3, and each flip unit 3 includes a servo motor 31, a reducer 32, a lead screw 33, a nut 34, a connecting rod 35, a support arm 36 and a base 37; the servo motor 31 is installed at one end of the support arm 36, and the other end of the support arm 36 is rotatably connected to the base 37 via a first bearing 38, the reducer 32 is installed at the output end of the servo motor 31, one end of the lead screw 33 is connected to the reducer 32, and the other end of the lead screw 33 is installed on the support arm 36, the nut 34 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 33, one end of the connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected to the nut 34 via a second bearing 39, and the other end of the connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected to the base 37 via a third bearing 30, and the base 37 is fixed on the support base 16; a support arm guide rail (not shown in the figure) is installed on the support arm 36, and the support arm guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the lead screw 33, and a slider (not shown in the figure) is installed on the nut 34, and the slider is slidably installed on the support arm guide rail. Each workbench grabbing unit includes a grabbing cylinder (not shown in the figure) installed on the support arm 36. A positioning support column 81 is installed at the output end of each grabbing cylinder. Positioning blocks 21 corresponding to each positioning support column 81 are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the workbench 2. A positioning hole 22 is opened on each positioning block 21. During the flipping process of the workbench 2, when the four workbench grabbing units grab the workbench 2, each positioning support column 81 is inserted into a positioning hole 22.

[0047] In this embodiment, the workbench positioning and clamping mechanism includes two workbench coarse positioning units, one workbench fine positioning unit and multiple workbench positioning and clamping units. The two workbench coarse positioning units are symmetrically installed on the left support column 14 and the right support column 15. Each workbench coarse positioning unit includes a coarse positioning oil cylinder (not shown in the figure), and the output end of each coarse positioning oil cylinder is installed with a coarse positioning pin 82; the workbench fine positioning unit is installed on the left support column 14, and the workbench fine positioning unit includes a fine positioning oil cylinder (not shown in the figure), and the output end of the fine positioning oil cylinder is installed with a fine positioning pin 83; the positioning top beam 12 and the positioning base 13 are respectively arranged There are three workbench positioning and clamping units, each of which includes a positioning and clamping cylinder 84. The output end of each positioning and clamping cylinder 84 is axially connected to a pressure block 85. Two left-right symmetrical connecting plates 86 are axially connected to the cylinder body of each positioning and clamping cylinder 84. The front ends of the two connecting plates 86 are axially connected to the middle and upper parts of the pressure blocks 85 respectively. The pressure blocks 85 are located between the two connecting plates 86. The top and bottom sides of the workbench 2 are respectively fixed with limit blocks 23 corresponding to each pressure block 85. When the workbench 2 is flipped to a vertical state and positioned and clamped, the fine positioning pin 83 presses against the left side of the workbench 2, and each pressure block 85 presses a limit block 23.

[0048] In this embodiment, the X-direction main drive mechanism includes two X-direction main drive units, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the bed column 5. Each X-direction main drive unit includes an X-direction main drive motor 91 and a first gear rack transmission mechanism. The output end of the X-direction main drive motor 91 is connected to the input end of the first gear rack transmission mechanism, and the output end of the first gear rack transmission mechanism is connected to the lower end of the bed column 5; two first X guide rails 41 are symmetrically installed on the machine tool bed 4, and the lower end of the bed column 5 can be slidably mounted on the two first X guide rails 41; the X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism includes two X-direction auxiliary drive units, which are symmetrically arranged at the top of the bed column 5, each X-direction auxiliary drive unit includes an X-direction auxiliary drive motor 92 and a second gear rack transmission mechanism, the output end of the X-direction auxiliary drive motor 92 is connected to the input end of the second gear rack transmission mechanism, and the output end of the second gear rack transmission mechanism is connected to the upper end of the bed column 5; two second X guide rails 17 are symmetrically installed on the top beam 11, and the upper end of the bed column 5 can be slidably mounted on the two second X guide rails Rail 17; the Y-direction drive mechanism includes two Y-direction drive units, the two Y-direction drive units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bed column 5, each Y-direction drive unit includes a Y-direction drive motor 93 and a Y-direction screw transmission mechanism, the output end of the Y-direction drive motor 93 is connected to the input end of the Y-direction screw transmission mechanism, and the two sides of the slide saddle 61 are respectively connected to the nut 94 of the two Y-direction screw transmission mechanisms; the bed column 5 is a Hui-shaped frame structure, and two Y guide rails 51 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bed column 5, and the two sides of the slide saddle 61 are slidably mounted on the two Y guide rails 5 1 and is located on the inner side of the U-shaped frame of the bed column 5, and the middle and lower parts of both sides of the bed column 5 are respectively integrally provided with X-direction widening blocks 52; the Z-direction drive mechanism includes a Z-direction drive unit, which is arranged at the bottom of the saddle 61, and the Z-direction drive unit includes a Z-direction drive motor 95 and a Z-direction screw transmission mechanism, and the bottom end of the ram 62 is connected to the nut of the Z-direction screw transmission mechanism (not shown in the figure); the saddle 61 has a U-shaped box structure, and four Z-direction guide rails 64 are symmetrically installed at the four corners of the inner side of the saddle 61, and the ram 62 is slidably mounted on the four Z-direction guide rails 64.

[0049] The working principle of the above-mentioned flip-up horizontal five-axis machining center is as follows: in the initial state where the workpiece needs to be clamped, the workbench 2 is placed horizontally on the workbench base 20, and the support arm 36 is closed. After the workpiece is clamped, when the workbench 2 needs to be flipped, the four grabbing cylinders work, and the four positioning support columns 81 are respectively inserted into the four positioning holes 22 to realize the X-axis positioning support of the workbench 2, grab the workbench 2, and then the servo motor 31 works. The servo motor 31 amplifies the torque through the reducer 32 and transmits the power to the lead screw 33, driving the lead screw 33 to rotate and push the nut 34 to move along the support arm guide rail. While the nut 34 moves, it pushes the connecting rod 35 to rotate, so that the center point of the second bearing 39 rotates around the center point of the third bearing 30, and then the support arm 36 is driven to rotate around the center point of the first bearing 38 through the rotation of the connecting rod 35 until the support arm 36 is fully opened, so that the workbench 2 is flipped to the vertical position; after that, the two rough positioning The oil cylinder works, and the coarse positioning pins 82 located on both sides of the workbench 2 extend toward the workbench 2 to perform coarse positioning on the workbench 2. At this time, the four positioning support columns 81 retract, and the workbench flipping mechanism disengages from the workbench 2 and rotates 90 degrees to return to the initial horizontal position; then the fine positioning oil cylinder works, and the fine positioning pins 83 extend to press the workbench 2 from left to right, so that the workbench 2 is close to the right supporting column 15. Thereafter, multiple positioning and clamping oil cylinders 84 work simultaneously, and their output ends extend respectively, so that multiple pressure blocks 85 respectively press multiple limit blocks 23, and apply a larger clamping force to the multiple limit blocks 23 (in the above embodiment, the clamping force of the designed single pressure block 85 is 4t), to achieve positioning and clamping of the workbench 2, and the machine tool can start processing operations. After the workpiece processing is completed, the worktable flipping mechanism rotates 90 degrees and rises to a vertical state and grabs the worktable 2 again. At the same time, multiple positioning clamping cylinders 84, fine positioning cylinders and two coarse positioning cylinders release the worktable 2. The worktable flipping mechanism grabs the worktable 2 and rotates it 90 degrees again, bringing the worktable 2 back to the worktable base 20 to disassemble the processed workpiece and clamp the next round of workpieces to be processed.

[0050] During machining operations, the bed column 5, driven simultaneously by the four-wheel drive mechanism (X-axis main drive mechanism and X-axis auxiliary drive mechanism), slides on the machine bed 4 in the X-axis direction. The saddle 61, driven by the Y-axis drive mechanism, slides on the bed column 5 in the Y-axis direction. The ram 62, driven by the Z-axis drive mechanism, slides on the saddle 61 in the Z-axis direction. This drive structure, combined with the machine tool's overall symmetrical frame structure, ensures sufficient rigidity and good dynamic characteristics throughout the entire machining range. This ensures excellent cutting performance at any spindle position within its travel range, ensuring workpiece machining accuracy.

Claims

1. A horizontal five-axis machining center with a flap, characterized in that: It includes a workbench support mechanism, a workbench, a workbench base, a workbench flipping mechanism, a machine tool bed, a bed column, a saddle, a ram, an AC swing head, a chain chip conveyor, an iron chip car and a water tank. The workbench support mechanism is a bilaterally symmetrical U-shaped frame structure. The bed column, the saddle, the ram and the AC swing head are all bilaterally symmetrical structures. A workbench positioning and clamping mechanism is installed on the workbench support mechanism. The workbench is placed horizontally on the workbench base. The workbench base is installed on the front side of the workbench support mechanism. The workbench flipping mechanism is installed on the workbench support mechanism. A plurality of bottom connectors are fixed to the rear end of the workbench support mechanism. The machine tool bed is fixed On the plurality of bottom connectors, the lower ends of the bed columns are slidably mounted on the machine bed along the X direction of the machine tool via an X-direction main drive mechanism, the upper ends of the bed columns are slidably mounted on the top of the workbench support mechanism along the X direction of the machine tool via an X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism, the saddle is slidably mounted on the middle part of the bed column along the Y direction of the machine tool via a Y-direction drive mechanism, the ram is slidably mounted on the saddle along the Z direction of the machine tool via a Z-direction drive mechanism, the AC swing head is mounted on the ram, the chain chip conveyor is mounted above the plurality of bottom connectors and below the AC swing head, and the chip cart and the water tank are respectively mounted on the ground; The workbench support mechanism includes a supporting top beam, a positioning top beam, a positioning base, a left supporting column, a right supporting column and a supporting base, the left supporting column and the right supporting column are respectively upright mounted on the tops of both ends of the supporting base, the supporting top beam is mounted across the tops of the left supporting column and the right supporting column, the positioning top beam is mounted on the bottom of the supporting top beam, the positioning base is mounted on the top of the supporting base, the positioning top beam and the positioning base are spaced apart up and down, the workbench turning mechanism includes two turning units, the two turning units are symmetrically mounted on the supporting base, the workbench base is located between the two turning units, the several bottom connectors are fixed to the rear end of the supporting base, and the upper end of the bed column is slidably mounted on the supporting top beam along the X direction of the machine tool through the X-direction auxiliary driving mechanism; Each of the flipping units is equipped with a number of workbench grasping units, and each of the flipping units includes a servo motor, a reducer, a lead screw, a nut, a connecting rod, a support arm and a base; the servo motor is installed at one end of the support arm, and the other end of the support arm is rotatably connected to the base via a first bearing, the reducer is installed at the output end of the servo motor, one end of the lead screw is connected to the reducer, and the other end of the lead screw is installed on the support arm, the nut is threadedly connected to the lead screw, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the nut via a second bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the base via a third bearing, and the base is fixed to the supporting base; a support arm guide rail is installed on the support arm, and the support arm guide rail is arranged along the length direction of the lead screw, and a slider is installed on the nut, and the slider is slidably mounted on the support arm guide rail; The workbench positioning and clamping mechanism includes two workbench coarse positioning units, one workbench fine positioning unit and multiple workbench positioning and clamping units. The two workbench coarse positioning units are symmetrically installed on the left supporting column and the right supporting column. Each of the workbench coarse positioning units includes a coarse positioning oil cylinder, and the output end of each of the coarse positioning oil cylinders is installed with a coarse positioning pin; the workbench fine positioning unit is installed on the left supporting column, and the workbench fine positioning unit includes a fine positioning oil cylinder, and the output end of the fine positioning oil cylinder is installed with a fine positioning pin; the positioning top beam and the positioning base are respectively provided with a plurality of The workbench positioning and clamping unit, each of the workbench positioning and clamping units includes a positioning and clamping oil cylinder, the output end of each positioning and clamping oil cylinder is axially connected to a pressure block, and the cylinder body of each positioning and clamping oil cylinder is axially connected to two left-right symmetrical connecting plates, the front ends of the two connecting plates are respectively axially connected to the middle and upper parts of the pressure blocks, and the pressure blocks are located between the two connecting plates. The top and bottom sides of the workbench are respectively fixed with limit blocks corresponding to each of the pressure blocks. When the workbench is flipped to a vertical state and positioned and clamped, the precision positioning pin presses against the left side of the workbench, and each of the pressure blocks presses against one of the limit blocks.

2. The horizontal five-axis machining center for a turning plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the workbench grabbing units includes a grabbing cylinder installed on the support arm, and a positioning support column is installed at the output end of each of the grabbing cylinders. Positioning blocks corresponding to each of the positioning support columns are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the workbench. A positioning hole is provided on each of the positioning blocks. During the flipping process of the workbench, when the several workbench grabbing units grab the workbench, each of the positioning support columns is inserted into one of the positioning holes.

3. The horizontal five-axis machining center for a turning plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-direction main drive mechanism includes two X-direction main drive units, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the bed column. Each of the X-direction main drive units includes an X-direction main drive motor and a first gear rack transmission mechanism. The output end of the X-direction main drive motor is connected to the input end of the first gear rack transmission mechanism, and the output end of the first gear rack transmission mechanism is connected to the lower end of the bed column; two first X-guide rails are symmetrically installed on the machine tool bed front and back, and the lower end of the bed column can be slidably installed on the two first X-guide rails.

4. The five-axis horizontal machining center for turning plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-direction auxiliary drive mechanism includes two X-direction auxiliary drive units, which are symmetrically arranged at the top of the bed column. Each of the X-direction auxiliary drive units includes an X-direction auxiliary drive motor and a second gear rack transmission mechanism. The output end of the X-direction auxiliary drive motor is connected to the input end of the second gear rack transmission mechanism, and the output end of the second gear rack transmission mechanism is connected to the upper end of the bed column; two second X-direction guide rails are symmetrically installed on the supporting top beam, and the upper end of the bed column can be slidably installed on the two second X-direction guide rails.

5. The horizontal five-axis machining center for a turning plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-direction drive mechanism includes two Y-direction drive units, and the two Y-direction drive units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bed column. Each of the Y-direction drive units includes a Y-direction drive motor and a Y-direction lead screw transmission mechanism. The output end of the Y-direction drive motor is connected to the input end of the Y-direction lead screw transmission mechanism, and the two sides of the slide saddle are respectively connected to the nuts of the two Y-direction lead screw transmission mechanisms; the bed column is a U-shaped frame structure, and two Y-guide rails are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bed column. The two sides of the slide saddle can be slidably installed on the two Y-guide rails and are located on the inner side of the U-shaped frame of the bed column.

6. The horizontal five-axis machining center for a turning plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The middle and lower parts of both sides of the bed column are respectively provided with X-direction widening blocks.

7. The horizontal five-axis machining center for a turning plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-direction drive mechanism includes a Z-direction drive unit, which is arranged at the bottom of the saddle. The Z-direction drive unit includes a Z-direction drive motor and a Z-direction screw transmission mechanism. The bottom end of the slide is connected to the nut of the Z-direction screw transmission mechanism; the saddle is a U-shaped box structure, and four Z-direction guide rails are symmetrically installed at the four corners of the inner side of the saddle, and the slide can be slidably installed on the four Z-direction guide rails.

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