Outdoor status monitoring device and system for frequency-shift pulse track circuit

Abstract

The present invention provides an outdoor state monitoring device and system for a frequency-shift pulse track circuit, comprising: a choke transformer, a collection sensor and a collection extension arranged in the same box. The collection sensor collects the outdoor state of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit to obtain a collection signal, and sends the collection signal to the collection extension. The collection extension collects the signal for processing to obtain communication data, and the communication data is sent to a collection device through a cable using a power carrier communication method. In this solution, by setting a collection sensor at a pre-set collection point, the data of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit is collected, and the collected data is processed and transmitted by the collection extension, so that the operating state of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and sudden fault points can be located in time, thereby avoiding the increase in the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circuit monitoring, and in particular to an outdoor state monitoring device and system for a frequency-shift pulse track circuit. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology, track circuit technology has been widely used in various railway lines across the country. Since the environment in which the track circuit is located is prone to changes, the track circuit is prone to problems such as changes in the ballast environment, loose connecting wires, loose plugs, insulation damage or rail corrosion, which can cause sudden failures such as burned insulation failures or "red light bands", resulting in safety issues for train operation.

[0003] In order to ensure the safe operation of trains, it is necessary to monitor the operating status of track circuits. At present, the distribution of traction current in traction return equipment is monitored by the self-monitoring equipment of railway choke transformers to avoid the influence of the overall distribution of traction return on track transmission signals. However, when a sudden fault occurs in the track circuit, the above method cannot timely understand the operation status of the track circuit, making it impossible to locate the sudden fault point in time, thereby increasing the impact range of the fault. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides an outdoor status monitoring device and system for a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit to solve the problem in the prior art that sudden fault points cannot be located in time, thereby increasing the impact range of the fault.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses an outdoor state monitoring device for a frequency-shift pulse track circuit, the monitoring device comprising: a choke transformer, a collection sensor and a collection extension arranged in the same box;

[0007] The acquisition sensor is arranged at a collection point preset by the choke transformer and is communicatively connected with the sampling extension;

[0008] The acquisition sensor is used to collect the outdoor state of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit, obtain an acquisition signal, and send the acquisition signal to the acquisition extension;

[0009] The acquisition extension is used to sample, encrypt and integrate the acquisition signal to obtain communication data, and send the communication data to the collection device through a cable using a power carrier communication method.

[0010] Optionally, the pre-set collection points of the choke transformer include a coil center node, an adapter collection point, a lightning protection module collection point, a cable side collection point, and a rail side collection point;

[0011] Wherein, the coil center node and the rail side collection point are located in the same horizontal plane.

[0012] Optionally, the collection sensors arranged at the adapter collection point and the cable side collection point are installed on the upper top plate or the insulating plate of the choke transformer.

[0013] Optionally, the acquisition sensor includes an opening arrangement and a acquisition sensor having a single-sided winding structure;

[0014] Alternatively, the acquisition sensor includes an opening, a retaining spring is arranged in the opening, and the acquisition sensor has a single-sided winding structure.

[0015] Optionally, the acquisition extension includes: a sampling module, a main control module and a carrier module;

[0016] The sampling module is used to perform signal separation on the collected signal to obtain a frequency-shifted signal and a pulse signal;

[0017] The main control module is used to sample the frequency-shifted signal after superimposing a 50 Hz mixing signal, calculate the effective values ​​of the frequency-shifted signal and the 50 Hz mixing signal based on a sliding filter algorithm using the obtained sampling signal, obtain encrypted sampling data using an encryption algorithm, and integrate the encrypted sampling data according to the G3_PLC protocol to obtain communication data;

[0018] The carrier module is used to amplify and couple the communication data, and adopt a power carrier communication method to send the communication data to the aggregation device via a cable, and receive the downlink instructions sent by the aggregation device via the cable, and couple and filter the downlink instructions.

[0019] Optionally, the sampling module includes a separation circuit;

[0020] The separation circuit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first inductor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first transformer, a second transformer, a first output terminal, a second output terminal, a third output terminal and a fourth output terminal;

[0021] The first input terminal is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first inductor;

[0022] The other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the first transformer transmitting coil, and the other end of the first transformer transmitting coil is connected to the second input end;

[0023] One end of the first transformer receiving coil is connected to the first output end, and the other end of the first transformer receiving coil is connected to the second output end;

[0024] The common end of the first input end and the first capacitor is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor;

[0025] The common end of the second input end connected to the transmitting coil of the first transformer is connected to the second end of the third resistor;

[0026] The third end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, and the fourth end of the third resistor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor;

[0027] The third end of the second capacitor is connected to one end of the transmitting coil of the second transformer, and the fourth end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the transmitting coil of the second transformer;

[0028] One end of the second transformer receiving coil is connected to the third output end, and the other end of the second transformer receiving coil is connected to the fourth output end;

[0029] The acquisition signal obtained by the acquisition sensor is input through the first input terminal and the second input terminal, and the acquisition signal passes through the resonance circuit formed by the first capacitor, the first inductor and the transmitting coil of the first transformer to separate the frequency-shifted signal, and is output to the main control module through the first output terminal and the second output terminal; the acquisition signal passes through the resonance circuit formed by the second capacitor and the transmitting coil of the second transformer to separate the pulse signal.

[0030] Optionally, the separation circuit further includes: a bidirectional diode;

[0031] A common end where the first inductor is connected to the first transformer is connected to one end of the bidirectional diode, and a common end where the second input end is connected to the first transformer is connected to the other end of the bidirectional diode.

[0032] Optionally, the carrier module includes: a transceiver module, an operational amplifier, a filter circuit and a coupling circuit;

[0033] The transceiver module includes a first output terminal for sending the transceiver module, a second output terminal for sending the transceiver module, a first input terminal for receiving the transceiver module, and a second input terminal for receiving the transceiver module;

[0034] The operational amplifier comprises a first input terminal of the operational amplifier, a second input terminal of the operational amplifier, a first output terminal of the operational amplifier, and a second output terminal of the operational amplifier;

[0035] The first output terminal of the transceiver module is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the second output terminal of the transceiver module is connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier;

[0036] The coupling circuit includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first transformer primary coil, a first transformer secondary coil, a first transient suppression diode, a coupled first output terminal, and a coupled second output terminal;

[0037] The primary coil of the first transformer includes four pins on one side, the first pin is connected to the first output terminal of the operational amplifier, the fourth pin is connected to the second output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the second pin and the third pin are connected in series via a third capacitor;

[0038] One side of the secondary coil includes two pins, the sixth pin is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the coupled first output end, the common end connected to the sixth pin and the fourth capacitor and the fifth pin are connected in parallel through the first transient suppression diode, and the common end of the fifth pin and the first transient suppression diode is connected to the coupled second output end;

[0039] The filtering circuit is used to filter the instructions sent by the aggregation device;

[0040] The coupling circuit is used to couple the communication data sent by the main control module, send it to the cable through the coupled first output end and the coupled second output end, and send it to the aggregation device through the cable.

[0041] Optionally, the filter circuit and the operational amplifier are arranged in parallel between the coupling circuit and the transceiver module;

[0042] The filter circuit comprises: a first filter input terminal, a second filter input terminal, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a first filter output terminal, and a second filter output terminal;

[0043] The first input end of the filter is connected to the first pin of the primary coil of the first transformer, and the second input end of the filter is connected to the fourth pin of the primary coil of the first transformer;

[0044] The first filter input terminal is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the first filter output terminal;

[0045] The second filter input terminal is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the second filter output terminal;

[0046] The fifth capacitor is connected to a common end connected to the first output end of the filter and one end of the sixth resistor, and the sixth capacitor is connected to a common end connected to the second output end of the filter and the other end of the sixth resistor;

[0047] The first filter output terminal is connected to the first receiving input terminal of the transceiver module, and the second filter output terminal is connected to the second receiving input terminal of the transceiver module.

[0048] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses an outdoor state monitoring system of a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit, comprising: the outdoor state monitoring device and collection device of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit disclosed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] The collection device is connected to the outdoor status monitoring device via a cable;

[0050] The aggregation device is used to receive the encrypted sampling data sent by the outdoor status monitoring device according to the power carrier communication mode through the cable.

[0051] Based on the outdoor state monitoring device and system of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, the outdoor state monitoring device of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit includes: a choke transformer, a collection sensor and a collection extension arranged in the same box, the collection sensor is arranged at a collection point pre-set by the choke transformer, and is connected to the sampling extension for communication. The collection sensor is used to collect the outdoor state of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit, obtain a collection signal, and send the collection signal to the collection extension, the collection extension is used to sample, encrypt and integrate the collection signal, obtain communication data, and send the communication data to the collection device through a cable using a power carrier communication method. In this scheme, by setting a collection sensor at a pre-set collection point, collecting data of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit, and processing and transmitting the collected data through the collection extension, the operating state of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and the sudden fault point can be located in time, so as to avoid the increase of the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing the maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0053] Figure 1A block diagram of an outdoor state monitoring device for a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of setting a data collection transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 A right side view of a choke transformer box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 A specific structural diagram of a collection extension provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 A circuit block diagram of a separation circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a sliding filter algorithm provided in an embodiment of the present invention for sampling and processing a frequency-shifted signal;

[0059] Figure 7 A timing diagram of the interaction between the main control module and the carrier module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 A structural block diagram of a carrier module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig. 9 A specific structural diagram of a carrier module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.10 A structural block diagram of a filter circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.11 A diagram showing a cross section and inner core structure of a twisted pair provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.12 A simulation diagram of a signal transmission frequency band provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.13 A block diagram of an outdoor status monitoring system for a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.14 A schematic flow chart of an outdoor state monitoring method for a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.15 A schematic flow chart of an outdoor status monitoring method for a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] In this application, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0070] As can be seen from the background technology, the distribution of traction current in the traction return device is monitored by the self-monitoring device of the railway choke transformer to avoid the influence of the overall distribution of traction return on the track transmission signal. However, when a sudden fault occurs in the track circuit, the above method cannot timely understand the operation status of the track circuit, making it impossible to locate the sudden fault point in time, thereby increasing the impact range of the fault.

[0071] Therefore, an embodiment of the present invention provides an outdoor status monitoring device and system for a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit. By setting a collection sensor at a pre-set collection point, data of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit is collected, and the collected data is processed and transmitted through the collection extension. The operating status of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and sudden fault points can be located in time, thereby avoiding the expansion of the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0072] For ease of understanding, the terms appearing in the embodiments of the present invention are explained below:

[0073] Frequency-shifted pulse track circuit: It superimposes the frequency-shifted signal and the pulse signal. The frequency-shifted signal contains the carrier frequency information for detecting the train position and the low-frequency information for controlling the train speed. In addition, considering that the rails outdoors will rust, and the rust layer on the rails will directly lead to the failure of the track circuit system, such problems often occur in sections with low traffic density such as the inner side lines of stations. Therefore, a high-amplitude pulse signal is superimposed to break through the rust layer.

[0074] Choke transformer: It belongs to the equipment category. Choke transformers used in different scenarios have great differences in functional principles. There are air-conditioning chokes and suction-line chokes for traction return; there are choke transformers for outdoor transmission equipment of 25Hz track circuits; there are choke transformers for outdoor equipment of frequency-shifted pulse track circuits. The specific functions of choke transformers are distinguished by models. The choke transformer model involved in this invention is BSM-ZPW1000A.

[0075] Power Line Carrier (PLC) technology refers to a special communication method that modulates signals onto a high-frequency carrier and uses power lines as the information transmission medium for voice or data transmission.

[0076] refer to Figure 1 , which is a block diagram of an outdoor status monitoring device for a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The outdoor status monitoring device 100 includes: a choke transformer 200, a collection sensor 300 and a collection extension 400 arranged in the same box.

[0077] The collection sensor 300 is disposed at a collection point pre-set on the choke transformer 100 and is communicatively connected with the sampling extension unit 400 .

[0078] The acquisition sensor 300 is used to collect the outdoor status of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit, obtain a collection signal, and send the collection signal to the collection extension 400.

[0079] The acquisition extension 400 is used to sample, encrypt and integrate the acquisition signals to obtain communication data, and send the communication data to the collection device through the cable using the power carrier communication method.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, the collection point for setting the collection sensor is set according to the requirements of the transmission characteristics of the choke transformer, and the requirements of the transmission characteristics of the choke transformer include:

[0081] Requirement 1: To provide a circuit for traction return in electrified railways, it is necessary to monitor in real time whether the passage is unobstructed.

[0082] Requirement 2: In order to form series resonance with the 50Hz signal, real-time monitoring is required to prevent it from invading the main circuit.

[0083] Requirement 3: Real-time monitoring of whether the lightning protection module is deteriorating.

[0084] Requirement 4: It is necessary to monitor whether there is unbalanced current on the rail side and ensure that the choke transformer is working properly.

[0085] Requirement 5: Ensure that the cables connected to the choke transformer are intact.

[0086] According to different requirements of the transmission characteristics of the choke transformer, different collection points will be set for the choke transformer, such as Figure 2 As shown, the collection points include: a collection point at the center node of the choke transformer coil, a collection point at the adapter, a collection point at the lightning protection module, a collection point on the cable side, and a collection point on the rail side.

[0087] According to requirement 1, a first acquisition sensor is provided at the center node of the coil, that is, position 3, and the first acquisition sensor is used to acquire the current at the center node.

[0088] According to requirement 2, a second acquisition sensor is provided at the adapter, that is, at position 4, and the second acquisition sensor is used to acquire the current at the adapter.

[0089] According to requirement 3, a third acquisition sensor is provided at the lightning protection module, that is, at position 7, and the third acquisition sensor is used to collect the current at the lightning protection module.

[0090] According to requirement 4, a fourth acquisition sensor is provided on the rail side, namely, at position 1 and position 2. The fourth acquisition sensor is used to collect the current on the rail side.

[0091] According to requirement 5, a fifth acquisition sensor is provided on the cable side, namely, at position 5 and position 6. The fifth acquisition sensor is used to acquire the current on the cable side.

[0092] Optionally, the first to sixth acquisition sensors are all current acquisition sensors.

[0093] Optionally, since the electrical characteristics of the current collected by the collection sensor 300 at each position are different, the measurement and accuracy of the current collected by each collection sensor are also different.

[0094] The accuracy of the acquisition sensor used is determined based on the performance index requirements of the above acquisition point locations. The specific performance indexes of different acquisition points are shown in Table (1):

[0095] Table (1):

[0096]

[0097] Optional, according to the above Figure 2 The collection sensor 300 is installed at the installation position corresponding to the collection point shown, wherein the fourth collection sensor and the first collection sensor are arranged on the same horizontal plane, that is, the collection sensor of the coil center node and the rail side collection point is located on the same horizontal plane.

[0098] The second acquisition sensor and the fifth acquisition sensor, ie, the acquisition sensors at the adapter acquisition point and the cable side acquisition point, are installed on the upper top plate or the insulating plate of the choke transformer.

[0099] Optionally, the second acquisition sensor and the fifth acquisition sensor may be fixed with threaded holes. Since the lightning protection module and the circuit breaker on the insulating board can be moved to the left as a whole by a maximum of 6 cm, the size of the second acquisition sensor and the fifth acquisition sensor shall not be greater than (6+6)*13.2*7.8 cm.

[0100] Optionally, the specific structure of the acquisition sensor 300 includes an opening arrangement and a single-sided winding structure. In the embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition sensor 300 with a single-sided winding structure can ensure that the acquisition sensor 300 is separated from top to bottom.

[0101] Optionally, the openings of the acquisition sensors at positions 1, 2, and 3 cannot be less than 2.2*0.8 cm, and the size is 5.4*5.2*1.9 cm.

[0102] In addition to the specific structure of the acquisition sensor shown in the above embodiment, the acquisition sensor may also have another specific structure, which includes: the acquisition sensor 300 includes an opening, a retaining spring is arranged in the opening, and the acquisition sensor has a single-sided winding structure.

[0103] In a possible implementation of the present invention, the acquisition sensors may be fixed by threaded holes, so as to facilitate installation and removal of the acquisition sensors.

[0104] Since the cables from indoor to outdoor may be connected in parallel during actual use, two collection sensors are set at positions 4 and 5 of the collection point, and one collection sensor is set at position 6 of the collection point.

[0105] Optionally, based on the installation positions of the various acquisition sensors shown above, in order to facilitate the installation and removal of the various acquisition sensors, the box of the choke transformer is expanded so that the box of the choke transformer extends outward by a preset distance. In the original choke transformer, the shortest distance between the secondary lead wire of the transformer and the inner wall of the box on the same side is 2.18 cm. Without affecting the original choke function, the distance range between the secondary lead wire of the transformer in the choke transformer and the inner wall of the box on the same side can be set to 10 cm to 13 cm.

[0106] Optionally, position 1, position 2 and position 3 are all located on the secondary lead of the transformer, so the fourth acquisition sensor at position 1 and position 2, and the first acquisition sensor at position 3 can be self-fixed on the secondary lead of the transformer.

[0107] Preferably, the preset distance can be set to 10 cm, in which case 8.18 cm can be left for installation and removal of the sampling sensor. Figure 3 Shown is the right side view of the choke transformer box.

[0108] In an embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition extension 400 is specifically used for: performing signal separation on the acquisition signal to obtain a frequency-shifted signal and a pulse signal, sampling the frequency-shifted signal after superimposing a 50 Hz mixing signal, using the obtained sampling signal to respectively calculate the effective values ​​of the frequency-shifted signal and the 50 Hz mixing signal based on a sliding filtering algorithm to obtain acquisition data, using an encryption algorithm to obtain encrypted sampling data, integrating the encrypted sampling data according to the G3-PLC protocol to obtain communication data, coupling and filtering the communication data to obtain communication data, and using a power carrier communication method to communicate the communication data to achieve data interaction between the acquisition extension and the aggregation device through a cable.

[0109] During implementation, the data collection extension can supply power to the data collection sensor.

[0110] In a possible implementation of the present invention, the acquisition extension 400 is fixed to the upper end of the impedance compensator in the box, and is fixed through a threaded mounting hole of the shell of the acquisition extension 400, and the impedance compensator is arranged on the choke transformer.

[0111] Optionally, based on the collection extension shown above, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses a specific structure of the collection extension in a specific implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the data collection extension 400 includes: a sampling module 401 , a main control module 402 and a carrier module 403 .

[0112] The sampling module 401 is used to perform signal separation on the collected signal to obtain a frequency-shifted signal and a pulse signal.

[0113] The main control module 402 is used to sample the frequency-shifted signal after superimposing a 50 Hz mixing signal, and use the obtained sampling signal to calculate the effective values ​​of the frequency-shifted signal and the 50 Hz mixing signal based on a sliding filtering algorithm to obtain collected data, use an encryption algorithm to obtain encrypted sampling data, and integrate the encrypted sampling data according to the G3_PLC protocol to obtain communication data.

[0114] The carrier module 403 is used to amplify and couple the communication data, and adopt the power carrier communication method to send the communication data to the aggregation device through the cable, and receive the downlink instructions sent by the aggregation device through the cable, and couple and filter the downlink instructions.

[0115] Specifically, the transceiver module in the carrier module sends the communication data to the operational amplifier, which is amplified and sent to the cable by the coupling circuit, and then transmitted to the aggregation device by the cable to obtain the communication data. The instructions sent by the aggregation device are sent to the coupling circuit by the cable, and the coupling circuit receives them and couples them, and sends them to the filter circuit. The transceiver module receives the instructions sent by the filter circuit after filtering, and obtains the instructions sent by the aggregation device to realize data interaction between the collection extension and the aggregation device.

[0116] In an embodiment of the present invention, by setting a collection sensor at a pre-set collection point, data of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit is collected, and the collected data is processed and transmitted through the collection extension, so that the operating status of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and the sudden fault point can be located in time, thereby avoiding the expansion of the impact range of the fault, and then shortening the fault repair time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0117] Based on the above Figure 4 The specific structure of the collection extension shown in FIG. 4 is that the sampling module 401 includes a separation circuit 4011, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0118] The separation circuit 4011 includes: a first input terminal V1, a second input terminal V2, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first inductor L1, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first transformer B1, a second transformer B2, a first output terminal Y1, a second output terminal Y2, a third output terminal M1 and a fourth output terminal M2.

[0119] The first input terminal V1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 , the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 , and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first inductor L1 .

[0120] The other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to one end of the transmitting coil of the first transformer B1 , and the other end of the transmitting coil of the first transformer B1 is connected to the second input end V2 .

[0121] One end of the receiving coil of the first transformer B1 is connected to the first output terminal Y1, and the other end of the receiving coil of the first transformer B1 is connected to the second output terminal Y2.

[0122] A common end where the first input end V1 and the first capacitor C1 are connected is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 , and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a first end of the third resistor R3 .

[0123] The common end where the second input end V2 is connected to the transmitting coil of the first transformer B1 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3.

[0124] The third end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, and the fourth end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor C2.

[0125] The third end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to one end of the transmitting coil of the second transformer B2, and the fourth end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the transmitting coil of the second transformer B2.

[0126] One end of the receiving coil of the second transformer B2 is connected to the third output terminal M1, and the other end of the receiving coil of the second transformer B2 is connected to the fourth output terminal M2.

[0127] The acquisition signal collected by the acquisition sensor 400 is input through the first input terminal V1 and the second input terminal V2. The acquisition signal passes through the resonant circuit composed of the first capacitor C1, the first inductor L1 and the transmitting coil of the first transformer B1 to separate the frequency-shifted signal and output it to the main control module 402 through the first output terminal Y1 and the second output terminal Y2.

[0128] The collected signal passes through a resonant circuit formed by the second capacitor C2 and the transmitting coil of the second transformer B2 to separate a pulse signal, and outputs the pulse signal to the main control module 402 through the third output terminal M1 and the fourth output terminal M2.

[0129] It should be noted that the first resistor R1 is a current-limiting resistor, which can ensure the impedance of the inlet of the first transformer B1 and limit overcurrent.

[0130] The second capacitor C2 is a four-terminal capacitor, which can enhance the actual current signal of the track circuit, and when the second capacitor C2 fails, it can automatically cut off the electrical path to avoid the current signal becoming larger and causing the monitoring system to malfunction.

[0131] The third resistor R3 is a four-terminal resistor, which can adjust the impedance matching of the entire separation circuit 4011.

[0132] Optional, in the above Figure 5 On the basis of the separation circuit shown, a bidirectional diode FV1 may be further provided.

[0133] The common end of the first inductor L1 connected to the first transformer B1 is connected to one end of the bidirectional diode FV1 , and the common end of the second input end V2 connected to the first transformer B1 is connected to the other end of the bidirectional diode FV1 .

[0134] In the embodiment of the present invention, by setting a collection sensor at a pre-set collection point, the data of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit is collected, and the frequency-shift signal and the pulse signal are separated through its own separation circuit. This allows the collection extension to process and transmit the separated frequency-shift signal. Furthermore, adding a bidirectional diode to the separation circuit can better protect the separation circuit and the components of the separation circuit.

[0135] Based on the above Figure 4 In the specific structure of the collection extension shown, the main control module 402 includes: a sampling circuit and a main control chip.

[0136] The sampling circuit and the main control chip use the sliding filter algorithm to sample and process the frequency shift signal separated by the separation circuit 4011. The specific implementation principle is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the waveform shown in the figure is a mixed waveform after the frequency-shifted signal is superimposed with a 50 Hz mixing signal.

[0137] In order to better understand the process in which the sampling circuit and the main control chip use the sliding filter algorithm to sample and process the frequency-shifted signal separated by the separation circuit 4011, an explanation is given below.

[0138] First, the main control chip determines the number of samples required for a mixed signal obtained by a sampling circuit after a complete frequency shift signal is superimposed on a 50 Hz mixing signal.

[0139] Specifically, a sampling window P1 is pre-set, and the length of the sampling window P1 needs the number of samples, and the number of samples is N. 移频 =f 采样 / f 移频 The number of samples required to obtain a complete 50Hz mixing signal is N 50HZ =f 采样 / f 50HZ , the number of samples required for the length of the sampling window P1 and the number of samples required for a complete 50Hz mixing signal are calculated to obtain the number of samples N required for a mixed signal after a complete frequency shift signal is superimposed on a 50Hz mixing signal 50HZ / N 移频 =f 移频 / f 50HZ .

[0140] It should be noted that the sampling number refers to the number of sampling times required to sample a complete frequency-shifted signal.

[0141] Secondly, according to the characteristic that the sum of the whole periods of the frequency-shifted signal is 0, the mean value C1 of the 50 Hz mixing signal under the current sampling window is calculated.

[0142] Since in a frequency shift signal period T yThe amplitude of the superimposed 50HZ mixing signal will not change, so the frequency-shifted signal, that is, the signal of the sampling window, is equivalent to a complete frequency-shifted signal superimposed with a fixed value C, which is the period T of the frequency-shifted signal. y The mean value C of the mixing signal within 50HZ.

[0143] Get the frequency shift signal period T y , calculate the mean value C1 of the 50 Hz mixing signal corresponding to the first sampling window using formula (1).

[0144] Formula (1):

[0145]

[0146] Where N is the number of samples required for a complete frequency shift signal superimposed with a 50 Hz mixing signal, S i are the sampling values ​​S1, S2…S N (N = N shift frequency), It is the accumulation of N sampling values.

[0147] It should be noted that each sampling point corresponds to a sampling value, and N sampling values ​​result in a set of waveforms, which is a complete cycle of the frequency-shifted waveform superimposed with the values ​​of the 50 Hz signal at these sampling points.

[0148] Again, calculate the effective value V of the frequency-shifted signal corresponding to the current sampling window y .

[0149] Specifically, according to formula (1) and N sampling values, the effective value V of the frequency-shifted signal corresponding to the current first sampling window is calculated by formula (2): y1 .

[0150] Formula (2):

[0151]

[0152] When obtaining the next updated sampling value S N+1 When the current sampling window P1 is moved forward, the current sampling value S N and the previous N-1 sample values ​​(S1, S2…S N-1 ), forming a new sampling window, and substituting it into formula (1) or formula (2) to calculate the 50Hz mean value C2 and the effective value V of the frequency-shifted signal under the second sampling window y2 .

[0153] Each time the first sampling value is obtained, the sampling window is first slid forward once, and C3, C4, ... C are calculated by formula (1) using the same sliding method. N And use the same sliding method through formula (2) Vy3 , V y4 …V yN .

[0154] Then, when the sampling times reaches N50Hz+N frequency shift times, substitute the 50Hz mean value C calculated by formula (1) into the value, as shown in formula (3):

[0155]

[0156] When the sampling times reaches N50Hz+N frequency shift times, combined with formula (3), the effective value V of the frequency shift signal under the current sampling window is calculated y , as shown in formula (4):

[0157]

[0158] Finally, until C1, C2…C N50HZ This constitutes a complete waveform sampling of the mixed signal after the frequency shift signal is superimposed with the 50Hz mixing signal. Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the effective value of the mixed signal after a complete frequency shift signal is superimposed on a 50Hz mixing signal is V 501 The calculation is shown in formula (5).

[0159] Formula (5):

[0160]

[0161] In an embodiment of the present invention, a receiving sampling module collects the separated frequency-shifted signal, superimposes a 50 Hz mixing signal on the frequency-shifted signal, and processes it using a sliding filtering algorithm to obtain the effective values ​​of the frequency-shifted signal and the 50 Hz mixing signal, so that the operating status of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and sudden fault points can be located in time, thereby avoiding the expansion of the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0162] Optionally, the main control chip uses an encryption algorithm to encrypt the collected data and integrates it into communication data according to the G3-PLC protocol.

[0163] In the embodiment of the present invention, the process of the main control chip encrypting the sampled data is as follows:

[0164] The master node and the slave node encrypt and transmit the data according to the consistent session key, and the transmission process is automatically implemented in the carrier modules of the master and slave nodes.

[0165] The main control module of the master node is used to transmit the pre-set key to the slave node in an encrypted manner, and use the key as the final session key.

[0166] It should be noted that different nodes have different assigned session keys.

[0167] Optionally, the encrypted transmission process of the session key includes: encrypting the plain text according to a certain key based on the AES_128 encryption algorithm to generate cipher text.

[0168] Based on this algorithm, the implementation process of encrypted transmission of session keys is as follows: the operations of the master node are all controlled by the master control module of the master node, and the operations of the slave nodes are independently implemented by the carrier module.

[0169] The shared key refers to a key that is pre-made and consistent between the master and slave nodes.

[0170] Optionally, the initial key generation process includes:

[0171] The master node is used to use a 16-byte input block of "0" as plain text and a shared key as a key, and encrypt based on the AES_128 algorithm to obtain the encrypted first ciphertext.

[0172] The first ciphertext is XORed with a 16-byte input block of "2", and the XOR result is also encrypted using the shared key and based on AES_128 to obtain the initial key.

[0173] The slave node obtains the same initial key as the master node by autonomously completing the same operation as the process of the master node obtaining the initial key through the carrier module in the slave node.

[0174] The interaction between the master node and the slave node refers to the carrier module of the slave node autonomously sending a set of random numbers to the master node.

[0175] Optionally, the process of generating the session key includes:

[0176] The master node is used to use the random number returned by the slave node as plain text and the initial key as the key, and encrypts it based on the AES_128 algorithm to obtain the encrypted second ciphertext.

[0177] The second ciphertext is XORed with the 16-byte input block of "1", and the XOR result is encrypted again with the initial key using AES_128 to obtain a process key.

[0178] The slave node is used to complete the same operation as the process of the master node obtaining the initial key according to the random number generated in the previous step, and obtain the same process key as the master node.

[0179] Optionally, the encryption process of the session key includes:

[0180] The master node is used to encrypt a 16-byte parameter as plain text with the process key as the key based on the AES_128 algorithm to obtain the encrypted third ciphertext.

[0181] The third ciphertext is XORed with the session key to be transmitted by the master node, thereby completing the encryption of the session key.

[0182] The slave node is used to decrypt the encrypted session key sent by the master node according to the process key generated in the previous step to obtain the session key.

[0183] The interaction between the master node and the slave node refers to the master node's main control module encrypting and transmitting the session key, and the slave node's carrier module decrypting it, so that the two nodes share the same session key.

[0184] Based on the encryption process of the session key shown above, the specific calculation method of the 16-byte parameter is described below:

[0185] The process key is used as the key, a 16-byte input block of "0" is used as the plain text, and encryption is performed based on the AES_128 algorithm to obtain the fourth ciphertext.

[0186] A temporary key is generated after judging the fourth ciphertext.

[0187] If the lower address bit is 0, the fourth ciphertext is shifted left by one bit; otherwise, the fourth ciphertext is shifted left by one bit and the result is XORed with the sixteen-byte value of "135".

[0188] The 32 bytes of "0" are grouped as input, the 16 bytes of "0" in the low address are encrypted based on AES_128 with the process key as the key, and the 16 bytes of "0" in the high address are XORed with the temporary key. The outputs of the two groups are XORed, and the XOR result is used as plain text, and the process key is used as the key to encrypt based on the AES_128 algorithm, thereby obtaining the 16-byte parameters required for session key encryption.

[0189] The process of the main control chip integrating the encrypted collected data into communication data according to the G3_PLC protocol is as follows.

[0190] Optionally, to ensure the quality of transmitted data, the main control chip uses UART to interact with the carrier module according to the set SLIP rules, completes the setting of the PHY layer and MAC layer in the carrier module, and implements the protocol configuration of G3-PLC.

[0191] Among them, the SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) rule is a packet framing protocol, which is a series of characters used to encapsulate data packets into frames on a serial line.

[0192] The format of the frame under the SLIP rule is shown in the following table (2):

[0193] Table (2):

[0194]

[0195] The size of the frame delimiter is 1 byte, and the frame delimiter is used to indicate the start bit and the end bit of the frame.

[0196] The size of the device type is 1 byte, and the device type is used to identify the type of device. For example, for the carrier module shown above, the device type can be set to a fixed value of 02.

[0197] The size of this device address is 2 bytes. This device address is used to prevent more than 1 device from being accessed over the same serial link. This address is hardcoded to 0x0001 and cannot be changed.

[0198] The size of this layer is 1 byte, and this layer indicates the layer where the primitive is located. For example, 02 indicates the MAC layer, and 01 indicates the PHY layer.

[0199] The size of this primitive is 1 byte. This primitive represents the instruction of a specific operation and has an indefinite length.

[0200] This configuration parameter represents the configuration parameter corresponding to the setting under specific operation.

[0201] The size of the frame check sequence is 2 bytes, and the frame check sequence is used to check whether the entire frame is correct.

[0202] Among them, the PHY layer is the physical layer, which is a chip that provides an interface with external signals and completes the modulation / demodulation function.

[0203] Specifically, in the G3-PLC protocol, the modulation function of the PHY layer is to superimpose the original data on the high-frequency carrier. At the same time, in order to improve the data throughput, the high-frequency carrier is modulated into an OFDM waveform in a prescribed manner. Similarly, the demodulation function of the PHY layer is to split the OFDM waveform carrying the data by inverse transformation of the modulation method to obtain the original data.

[0204] Optionally, the PHY layer of the carrier module shown in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented by a carrier chip. However, the modulation / demodulation method of the carrier module, as well as modulation / demodulation parameters such as carrier frequency, should conform to the channel environment of actual communication, and therefore the main control chip needs to configure this.

[0205] The specific configuration process of the main control chip for the modulation / demodulation mode of the carrier module and the modulation / demodulation parameters such as the carrier frequency is as follows:

[0206] According to the actual situation of the channel, that is, the spare core wire of the cable, it is determined that the transmission loss is the smallest under the FCC frequency band. Therefore, the frequency band of the carrier module is set. For example, the set frequency band parameter is 0203120225120000090101 in C002000102020203120225120000090101ED79C0.

[0207] According to the requirement of data transmission volume, the modulation mode of the carrier module is determined to be QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keyin). The details are as follows:

[0208] C0020001020202031201AD12000009020002D1BFC002031201AD12000009020002.

[0209] The above primitives are transmitted to the carrier module through UART (Universal Asynchronous Transmitter), thus completing the configuration of the frequency band and modulation mode.

[0210] Among them, the MAC layer is the media access control layer, which is responsible for the framing of data packets, the address management of each node, and the establishment and joining of the network.

[0211] Optionally, when there are multiple nodes in the communication link, the management of the MAC layer should be determined based on the number of actual collection extensions and the communication topology. The carrier module used in the present invention supports the routing optimization algorithm. When there are multiple nodes in the communication link, the main control chip should be able to achieve network control of the carrier module based on the calculation results.

[0212] Specifically, the master node will preset a whitelist, which contains the addresses of slave nodes to be communicated with on-site. Based on the access records of the nodes, multiple accesses to the same node are restricted to ensure that the data of each node can be transmitted within one upload cycle. The settings include but are not limited to:

[0213] Set the master-slave mode of the node to the last 01 in C002000103020203111012000009010171C2C0.

[0214] Among them, this is the master node mode.

[0215] The master node network establishment request is C00200010306020112781D705BC0.

[0216] Add the address to 7FFF where the target address is C002000103020203112312000009027FFF4EE9C0.

[0217] Set the waiting time for sending network access request to 0014D in C002000103020203112012000009020014D2BEC0.

[0218] In order to better understand the above-mentioned process of completing the protocol configuration of G3-PLC and the encryption process, the following specific process is used for explanation.

[0219] like Figure 7 The figure shows a timing diagram of the interaction between the aggregation device and the carrier module. The master node shown in the figure is the aggregation device, and the slave node shown in the figure is the outdoor status monitoring device of the frequency shift pulse track circuit.

[0220] First, the main control module of the master node and the main control module of the slave node respectively initialize their respective carrier modules, and respectively configure the frequency band of the physical layer of their respective carrier modules, and respectively configure the demodulation mode of their respective carrier modules.

[0221] Next, the main control module of the master node sets the master node as a server and sends it to the carrier module, and the main control module of the slave node sets the master node as a client.

[0222] Secondly, the main control module of the master node configures the server MAC address for the carrier module, so that the main control module of the master node and the carrier module of the master node establish a network.

[0223] The master control module of the slave node configures the client MAC address to the carrier module. The slave node searches for the network established by the master node and applies to join the network.

[0224] Again, the main control module of the master node verifies whether the object applying to join the network sent by the carrier module of the master node, that is, the slave node, is in its own whitelist.

[0225] Among them, the whitelist of master nodes is pre-set.

[0226] If it is determined whether the slave node is in the white list of the master node, the pre-set key is sent to the carrier module of the slave node in an encrypted manner.

[0227] Then, the carrier module of the slave node receives and confirms the session key, and sends a message confirming the session key to the main control module of the master node.

[0228] Finally, the main control module of the slave node sends communication data to the main control module of the master node according to the confirmed session key, and the communication data is encrypted through the encryption channel.

[0229] The main control module of the master node receives the communication data, thereby realizing the protocol configuration of the G3-PLC.

[0230] Specifically, the encryption of communication data through an encrypted channel refers to an encryption algorithm based on AES_128, which encrypts plain text according to a certain key to generate cipher text.

[0231] Based on the above Figure 4 The specific structure of the collection extension is shown, combined with Figure 4 ,refer to Figure 8 The carrier module 403 includes: a transceiver module 4031 of a PLC carrier chip constituting a PHY layer and a MAC layer, a filter circuit 4032, an operational amplifier 4033 and a coupling circuit 4034.

[0232] The transceiver module 4031 comprises a first transceiver module sending output terminal TX1, a second transceiver module sending output terminal TX2, a first transceiver module receiving input terminal RX1 and a second transceiver module receiving input terminal RX2.

[0233] The operational amplifier 4033 includes a first operational amplifier input terminal, a second operational amplifier input terminal, a first operational amplifier output terminal, and a second operational amplifier output terminal.

[0234] The first transceiver module transmission output terminal TX1 of the transceiver module 4031 is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier 4033 , and the second transceiver module transmission output terminal TX2 of the transceiver module 4031 is connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier 4033 .

[0235] Based on the above Figure 8 The structural block diagram of the carrier module shown in FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the carrier module. In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, a specific structural diagram of the carrier module is also shown, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the coupling circuit 4034 includes a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, first transformer primary coils W1 and W2, a first transformer secondary coil W4, a first transient suppression diode Z1, a coupled first output terminal, and a coupled second output terminal.

[0236] One side of the primary coils W1 and W2 of the first transformer includes four pins, the first pin is connected to the first output terminal of the operational amplifier 4033, the fourth pin is connected to the second output terminal of the operational amplifier 4033, and the second pin and the third pin are connected in series through the third capacitor C3.

[0237] One side of the secondary coil W4 of the first transformer includes two pins, the sixth pin is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the coupled first output end, the common end connected to the sixth pin and the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth pin are connected in parallel through the first transient suppression diode Z1, and the common end of the fifth pin and the first transient suppression diode Z1 is connected to the coupled second output end.

[0238] It should be noted that the first transient voltage suppression diode Z1 is used to protect the entire circuit device.

[0239] Optionally, a coil is provided at the second pin and the third pin respectively, and the two coils are connected in series via a third capacitor C3 to prevent a short circuit of a differential signal of the transformer.

[0240] It should be noted that the third capacitor C3 is a filter capacitor, which is used to prevent the 50 Hz power supply current in the cable from entering the signal port.

[0241] Optionally, a magnetic core is further provided between the first transformer primary coils W1 and W2 and the first transformer secondary coil W4.

[0242] The coupling circuit 4034 is used to couple the communication data, and then send it to the cable by coupling the first output terminal and the second output terminal, and then send it to the aggregation device via the cable.

[0243] It should be noted that the coupling circuit 4034 is transformer coupling.

[0244] Specifically, the transceiver module in the carrier module sends the communication data to the operational amplifier, which is amplified and sent to the cable by the coupling circuit, and then transmitted to the aggregation device by the cable to obtain the communication data. The instructions sent by the aggregation device are sent to the coupling circuit by the cable, and the coupling circuit receives them and couples them, and sends them to the filter circuit. The transceiver module receives the instructions sent by the filter circuit after filtering, and obtains the instructions sent by the aggregation device to realize data interaction between the collection extension and the aggregation device.

[0245] Based on the above Fig. 9 The specific structural block diagram of the carrier module shown in the embodiment of the present invention is also shown in the specific implementation of the filter circuit in the carrier module, such as Fig.10 As shown, the filter circuit 4032 and the operational amplifier 4033 are arranged in parallel between the coupling circuit 4034 and the transceiver module 4031. The filter circuit 4032 includes: a first filter input terminal, a second filter input terminal, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a first filter output terminal, and a second filter output terminal.

[0246] The first filter input terminal is connected to the first pins of the first transformer primary coils W1 and W2 of the coupling circuit 4034 , and the second filter input terminal is connected to the fourth pins of the first transformer primary coils W1 and W2 of the coupling circuit 4034 .

[0247] The first filter input terminal is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor C5, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the first filter output terminal.

[0248] The second filter input terminal is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor C6, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the second filter output terminal.

[0249] The fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the common end of the first filter output terminal and one end of the sixth resistor R6, and the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the common end of the second filter output terminal and the other end of the sixth resistor R6.

[0250] The first output terminal of the filter is connected to the first receiving input terminal of the transceiver module 4031 , and the second output terminal of the filter is connected to the second input terminal of the transceiver module 4031 .

[0251] The filter circuit 4032 is used to filter the instructions sent by the received aggregation device.

[0252] In the embodiment of the present invention, since the cables used for the outdoor equipment of the existing track circuit in the station are long and of different lengths, the cable testing faces the problems of inconvenience and uncertainty of the test length. Therefore, the basic characteristic parameters of the transmission line at different distances and different frequency bands are obtained through simulation, and the communication frequency band is selected by analyzing the change characteristics of the parameters, so as to obtain the optimized filtering circuit and coupling circuit, so as to be applicable to efficient communication covering cables of different lengths.

[0253] The specific simulation process is to build a 3D model with a length of 60m in Q3D based on the actual two-core shielded twisted pair cable. The cross-section and inner core structure are as follows Fig.11 shown.

[0254] The mesh division of the twisted pair cable is determined by manual division, and the maximum cell length is set to 0.1 mm.

[0255] By adding sweeps of four different frequency bands, namely CHNELEC A, CHNELECB, FCC, and ARIB, with a step size of 1 kHz, the values ​​of the primary parameters at different frequencies are obtained.

[0256] Optionally, based on the value of the primary parameter obtained by the simulation, the simulation parameter is adjusted, and the adjustment process includes:

[0257] The first-order parameters C and G obtained by simulation have errors. Therefore, fitting is used to indirectly obtain C and G, thereby increasing the accuracy of the parameters.

[0258] The specific process of indirectly obtaining C and G by fitting is as follows:

[0259] First, the parameters R, G, and L are obtained through simulation, and C is calculated using formula (6).

[0260] Formula (6):

[0261]

[0262] Among them, Z in is the simulated input impedance, R, G, l are the primary parameters obtained by simulation, and L is the line length of the cable.

[0263] Then, the C value calculated by formula (6) is combined with the linear fitting formula (7) to calculate the actual capacitance C'.

[0264] Formula (7):

[0265]

[0266] Among them, f end It can be set to 30MHZ, the range of m is 0.9~1.2, and n≤0.02.

[0267] Optionally, by adjusting the values ​​of m and n, the image resonance points can be made to coincide.

[0268] Finally, the actual G value is calculated using formula (8) in combination with the C value calculated using formula (6).

[0269] Formula (8):

[0270] G=ω×tan(θ)C (8)

[0271] Based on the above formulas (6), (7) and (8), it can be determined that tan(θ) of this cable is 0.0045.

[0272] Optionally, based on the adjusted simulation parameters R, L, G, and C, the attenuation of the signal in different frequency bands is calculated in the simulation device, and the attenuation of the signal in different frequency bands is tested and verified, so that the attenuation process of the signal can be measured.

[0273] Optionally, the best frequency band for signal transmission is determined through channel modeling.

[0274] Specifically, by conducting experimental simulation on channel modeling, the impedance characteristics of the cable under different conditions are verified, so as to determine the optimal frequency band for signal transmission, such as Fig.12 As shown,

[0275] based on Fig.12 The 8 frequency bands for signal transmission shown have consistent impedance characteristics at each length and controllable losses. At the same time, the number of carriers in the selected frequency band meets the communication data volume requirements. It is determined that the FCC frequency band has the advantages of large capacity, small attenuation, small phase shift, and no obvious noise. Therefore, FCC is selected as the frequency band for optimal signal transmission.

[0276] The simulation results of the 60m railway signal cable spare core model are consistent with the attenuation of the actual test result signal. Therefore, according to the 60 simulation results, the model length is extended to 3000m in steps of 250m.

[0277] In the embodiment of the present invention, channel modeling is used to ensure that the number of carriers in the selected frequency band meets the communication data volume requirement.

[0278] Based on the simulation results, as a preferred implementation in the embodiment of the present invention, the parameters of the filter circuit can be set as follows:

[0279] According to the selected carrier chip data sheet, the sixth resistor R6 can be set to 4.3kΩ according to the actual communication environment; the cut-off frequency f can be set to 74KHz; the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 are current limiting resistors, so the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5 can be set to 51Ω; when in high pass, according to the calculation formula of the cut-off frequency of the RC filter circuit, the cut-off frequency f is 74KHz, and the calculated capacitance value is 0.5nf. Considering the balance of the circuit, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are set to 1nF respectively.

[0280] Based on the above Fig. 9 The specific structure of the coupling circuit shown is a preferred implementation in the embodiment of the present invention. In practical applications, the structural parameters of the coupling circuit 4034 need to be set as follows:

[0281] The parameter settings for the first transformer primary coils W1 and W2 and the first transformer secondary coil W4 structure include:

[0282] According to the ratio of the parallel resistance to the overall equivalent resistance of the filter circuit shown above and the balance of the overall circuit, the ratio of the number of winding turns of the first transformer primary coils W1 and W2 to the number of winding turns of the first transformer secondary coil W4 is set to 2:1.33.

[0283] According to the input voltage, the number of turns of the primary coils W1 and W2 of the first transformer is determined, and the number of turns of the secondary coil W4 of the first transformer is determined according to the ratio of the number of turns of the primary coils W1 and W2 of the first transformer to the number of turns of the secondary coil W4 of the first transformer. For example, the number of turns of the primary coils W1 and W2 of the first transformer determined by calculation is greater than or equal to 33, thereby determining that the number of turns of the secondary coil W4 of the first transformer is greater than or equal to 22.

[0284] The wire diameter of the first transformer primary coils W1 and W2 and the wire diameter of the first transformer secondary coil W4 are determined according to the current and current density. For example, the wire diameter of the first transformer primary coils W1 and W2 is determined by calculation to be greater than or equal to 0.23 mm, and the wire diameter of the secondary coil is greater than or equal to 0.15 mm.

[0285] The structural parameter settings for the magnetic core include:

[0286] The material of the magnetic core may be manganese-zinc ferrite PC40. The magnetic core is composed of two sub-magnetic cores. A retaining spring is arranged on the outside of the magnetic core to fix the magnetic core. The packaging material of the magnetic core may be EP13.

[0287] In an embodiment of the present invention, the collected data is processed and transmitted through the collection extension, so that the operating status of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and the sudden fault point can be located in time, thereby avoiding the expansion of the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0288] Optionally, the present invention also provides an outdoor state monitoring system of a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit comprising the outdoor state monitoring device of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit shown in the above embodiment, combined with Figure 1 , see Fig.13 In addition to the outdoor status monitoring equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit shown above, the system also includes: a collection device 500.

[0289] The connection relationship between the collection device 500 and the outdoor status monitoring device of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit has been mentioned before and will not be repeated here.

[0290] The aggregation device 500 is connected to the outdoor status monitoring device through a cable.

[0291] The aggregation device 500 is used to receive the encrypted sampling data sent by the outdoor status monitoring device 100 according to the power line carrier communication mode through a cable.

[0292] It should be noted that the aggregation device and each collection extension are connected using a star network topology, and the distance between the aggregation device and each collection extension shall not be greater than 3 kilometers.

[0293] In an embodiment of the present invention, the collection device is connected to the outdoor status monitoring device via a cable. The collection device receives the encrypted sampling data sent by the outdoor status monitoring device according to the power carrier communication method via the cable, so that the operating status of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and the sudden fault point can be located in time, thereby avoiding the expansion of the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0294] Based on the outdoor state monitoring device of a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit disclosed in the above embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment of the present invention also discloses another outdoor state monitoring method of a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit, such as Fig.14FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an outdoor state monitoring method of a frequency-shifted pulse track circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0295] Step S1401: The acquisition sensor acquires the outdoor state of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit, obtains an acquisition signal, and sends the acquisition signal to the acquisition extension.

[0296] Step S1402: the acquisition extension samples, encrypts and integrates the acquisition signal to obtain communication data, and sends the communication data to the aggregation device through a cable using a power line carrier communication method.

[0297] It should be noted that the specific execution process of the outdoor status monitoring method of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention is the same as the specific principles of each unit in the outdoor status monitoring device of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit shown in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to the corresponding parts in the outdoor status monitoring device of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, and no further details will be given here.

[0298] In an embodiment of the present invention, a collection sensor collects the outdoor status of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit to obtain a collection signal, and sends the collection signal to a collection extension. The collection extension samples, encrypts and integrates the collection signal to obtain communication data, and uses a power carrier communication method to send the communication data to a collection device through a cable. In this solution, by setting a collection sensor at a pre-set collection point, the data of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit is collected, and the collected data is processed and transmitted by the collection extension, so that the operating status of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and sudden fault points can be located in time, thereby avoiding the increase in the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing maintenance costs.

[0299] based on Fig.14 In the outdoor state monitoring method of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit shown in FIG, step S1402 is performed when the acquisition extension performs sampling, encryption and integration processing on the acquisition signal to obtain communication data, and the communication data is sent to the collection device through the cable using the power carrier communication method, such as Fig.15 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0300] Step S1501: The sampling module performs signal separation on the collected signal to obtain a frequency-shifted signal and a pulse signal.

[0301] Step S1502: the main control module samples the frequency-shifted signal after superimposing the 50 Hz mixing signal, and calculates the effective values ​​of the frequency-shifted signal and the 50 Hz mixing signal based on the sliding filter algorithm using the obtained sampled signal to obtain collected data.

[0302] Step S1503: The main control module encrypts the collected data using an encryption algorithm, and the encrypted collected data is integrated according to the G3_PLC protocol to obtain communication data.

[0303] Step S1504: The carrier module amplifies and couples the communication data, and uses the power carrier communication method to send the communication data to the aggregation device through the cable, and receives the sending instructions sent by the aggregation device through the cable, and couples and filters the sending instructions.

[0304] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sampling module performs signal separation on the collected signal to obtain a frequency-shifted signal and a pulse signal, and samples the frequency-shifted signal after superimposing a 50Hz mixing signal on the frequency-shifted signal through the main control module. The effective values ​​of the frequency-shifted signal and the 50Hz mixing signal are respectively calculated based on the sliding filter algorithm using the obtained sampling signal to obtain the collected data. After the collected data is encrypted, it is integrated into communication data according to the G3_PLC protocol. The carrier module adopts a power carrier communication method to send the communication data to the collection device through a cable. In this solution, the collected data is processed and transmitted by the collection extension, so that the operating status of the outdoor equipment of the frequency-shifted pulse track circuit can be understood in real time, and the sudden fault point can be located in time, so as to avoid the increase of the impact range of the fault, thereby shortening the fault repair time and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0305] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system or system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can refer to the partial description of the method embodiment. The system and system embodiments described above are merely schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without creative work.

[0306] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0307] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An outdoor status monitoring device for a frequency-shift pulse track circuit, characterized in that: The monitoring equipment includes: a choke transformer, a collection sensor and a collection extension which are arranged in the same box; The acquisition sensor is arranged at a collection point preset by the choke transformer and is communicatively connected with the acquisition extension; The acquisition sensor is used to collect the outdoor state of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit, obtain an acquisition signal, and send the acquisition signal to the acquisition extension; The acquisition extension is used to sample, encrypt and integrate the acquisition signal to obtain communication data, and send the communication data to the collection device through a cable using a power carrier communication method; The pre-set collection points of the choke transformer include the coil center node, the adapter collection point, the lightning protection module collection point, the cable side collection point and the rail side collection point; Wherein, the coil center node and the rail side collection point are located in the same horizontal plane; Wherein, the acquisition sensor includes an opening arrangement and a acquisition sensor having a single-side winding structure; Wherein, the acquisition extension includes: a sampling module, a main control module and a carrier module; The sampling module is used to perform signal separation on the collected signal to obtain a frequency-shifted signal and a pulse signal; The main control module is used to sample the frequency-shifted signal after superimposing a 50 Hz mixing signal, calculate the effective values ​​of the frequency-shifted signal and the 50 Hz mixing signal based on a sliding filter algorithm using the obtained sampling signal, obtain encrypted sampling data using an encryption algorithm, and integrate the encrypted sampling data according to the G3_PLC protocol to obtain communication data; The carrier module is used to amplify and couple the communication data, and adopt a power carrier communication method to send the communication data to the aggregation device via a cable, and receive the downlink instructions sent by the aggregation device via the cable, and couple and filter the downlink instructions.

2. The outdoor status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection sensors arranged at the collection points of the adapter and the collection points on the cable side are installed on the upper top plate or the insulating plate of the choke transformer.

3. The outdoor status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling module includes a separation circuit; The separation circuit includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a first inductor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first transformer, a second transformer, a first output terminal, a second output terminal, a third output terminal and a fourth output terminal; The first input terminal is connected to one end of the first capacitor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first inductor; The other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the first transformer transmitting coil, and the other end of the first transformer transmitting coil is connected to the second input end; One end of the first transformer receiving coil is connected to the first output end, and the other end of the first transformer receiving coil is connected to the second output end; The common end of the first input end and the first capacitor is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the third resistor; The common end of the second input end connected to the transmitting coil of the first transformer is connected to the second end of the third resistor; The third end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, and the fourth end of the third resistor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor; The third end of the second capacitor is connected to one end of the transmitting coil of the second transformer, and the fourth end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the transmitting coil of the second transformer; One end of the second transformer receiving coil is connected to the third output end, and the other end of the second transformer receiving coil is connected to the fourth output end; The acquisition signal obtained by the acquisition sensor is input through the first input terminal and the second input terminal, and the acquisition signal passes through the resonance circuit formed by the first capacitor, the first inductor and the transmitting coil of the first transformer to separate the frequency-shifted signal, and is output to the main control module through the first output terminal and the second output terminal; the acquisition signal passes through the resonance circuit formed by the second capacitor and the transmitting coil of the second transformer to separate the pulse signal.

4. The outdoor status monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The separation circuit further comprises: a bidirectional diode; A common end where the first inductor is connected to the first transformer is connected to one end of the bidirectional diode, and a common end where the second input end is connected to the first transformer is connected to the other end of the bidirectional diode.

5. The outdoor status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier module includes: a transceiver module, an operational amplifier, a filter circuit and a coupling circuit; The transceiver module includes a first output terminal for sending the transceiver module, a second output terminal for sending the transceiver module, a first input terminal for receiving the transceiver module, and a second input terminal for receiving the transceiver module; The operational amplifier comprises a first input terminal of the operational amplifier, a second input terminal of the operational amplifier, a first output terminal of the operational amplifier, and a second output terminal of the operational amplifier; The first output terminal of the transceiver module is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the second output terminal of the transceiver module is connected to the second input terminal of the operational amplifier; The coupling circuit includes a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first transformer primary coil, a first transformer secondary coil, a first transient suppression diode, a coupled first output terminal, and a coupled second output terminal; The primary coil of the first transformer includes four pins on one side, the first pin is connected to the first output terminal of the operational amplifier, the fourth pin is connected to the second output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the second pin and the third pin are connected in series via a third capacitor; One side of the secondary coil includes two pins, the sixth pin is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the coupled first output end, the common end connected to the sixth pin and the fourth capacitor and the fifth pin are connected in parallel through the first transient suppression diode, and the common end of the fifth pin and the first transient suppression diode is connected to the coupled second output end; The filtering circuit is used to filter the instructions sent by the aggregation device; The coupling circuit is used to couple the communication data sent by the main control module, send it to the cable through the coupled first output end and the coupled second output end, and send it to the aggregation device through the cable.

6. The outdoor status monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter circuit and the operational amplifier are arranged in parallel between the coupling circuit and the transceiver module; The filter circuit comprises: a first filter input terminal, a second filter input terminal, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a first filter output terminal, and a second filter output terminal; The first input end of the filter is connected to the first pin of the primary coil of the first transformer, and the second input end of the filter is connected to the fourth pin of the primary coil of the first transformer; The first filter input terminal is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the fifth capacitor, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the first filter output terminal; The second filter input terminal is connected to one end of the fifth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the second filter output terminal; The fifth capacitor is connected to a common end connected to the first output end of the filter and one end of the sixth resistor, and the sixth capacitor is connected to a common end connected to the second output end of the filter and the other end of the sixth resistor; The first filter output terminal is connected to the first receiving input terminal of the transceiver module, and the second filter output terminal is connected to the second receiving input terminal of the transceiver module.

7. An outdoor status monitoring system for a frequency-shift pulse track circuit, characterized in that: include: The outdoor status monitoring device and collection device of the frequency-shift pulse track circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6; The collection device is connected to the outdoor status monitoring device via a cable; The aggregation device is used to receive the encrypted sampling data sent by the outdoor status monitoring device according to the power carrier communication mode through the cable.

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