Omnidirectional Electrically Small Antenna

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to an omnidirectional small electric antenna, comprising: a metal cavity having a cavity enclosed by a shell; at least one set of antenna radiators located inside the metal cavity; and a bus connected to the metal cavity. This invention is small in size and lightweight, can be integrated inside a black box, is not easily affected by external electromagnetic interference, and provides stable antenna operation. The antenna's radiation performance is not affected by either side of the black box facing upwards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna technology, specifically relating to an omnidirectional electrically small antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, various communication technologies have emerged. In recent years, wireless communication systems have been widely used in various fields, allowing users to transmit information without distance limitations. Antennas, as one of the most important components in wireless communication, are receiving increasing attention. With the development of wireless communication and electronic technologies, wireless electronic products in daily life are becoming increasingly powerful, smaller, thinner, and lighter. In the overall product design, the space and weight allocated to antennas are limited; therefore, miniaturized antennas must be designed to facilitate integration with device circuitry.

[0003] In existing technologies, most marine rescue system antennas operate at a single frequency, are not small enough, and radiate from only one side, making them susceptible to external interference. Because of this single-sided radiation, the orientation of the radiating surface is uncertain after an accident, affecting the efficiency of search and rescue operations at sea.

[0004] To address the above problems, the present invention provides an omnidirectional electrically small antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems or defects and to provide at least one advantage, which will be described later.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide an omnidirectional electrically small antenna that greatly improves the performance and reliability of radio beacon positioning.

[0007] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, the present invention provides an omnidirectional electrically small antenna, further comprising:

[0008] A metal cavity having a hollow space enclosed by a shell;

[0009] At least one set of antenna radiators is located inside the metal cavity.

[0010] A bus that is connected to the metal cavity.

[0011] This invention designs a metal cavity antenna that achieves the miniaturization and high strength requirements of a life-saving antenna, while making the operating frequency less susceptible to external interference and improving the stability of the antenna operation.

[0012] Preferably, the at least one set of antenna radiators includes a first antenna radiator and a second antenna radiator, the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator are connected by a power divider, the power divider being located between the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator.

[0013] This invention employs a modular design to shape the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna, ensuring that radiation performance is not affected regardless of which side of the black box faces upwards, thus significantly improving antenna reliability and search and rescue efficiency at sea. Power is supplied via a power divider network; the effective combination of the two antenna radiators guarantees that the other unit can continue to function normally even if one unit fails.

[0014] Preferably, the operating frequency of the omnidirectional electric miniature antenna is 243MHz±0.7MHz.

[0015] Preferably, the first antenna radiator includes a first vertical radiating plate, a first horizontal radiating plate, and a first feed line. The first vertical radiating plate is located at one end of the metal cavity. The first vertical radiating plate is connected to the ground of the first horizontal radiating plate and the power divider, respectively. One end of the first feed line is connected to one end of the power divider, and the other end of the first feed line is connected to the first horizontal radiating plate. The first feed line is arranged parallel to the first vertical radiating plate.

[0016] The first vertical radiating plate, the first horizontal radiating plate, and the first feeder form an inverted F-shaped structure.

[0017] The first antenna radiator is designed using an inverted F antenna. By utilizing the characteristic of the inverted F antenna to bend the radiator and increase the current path, the size of the antenna is reduced while ensuring the omnidirectionality of the antenna pattern.

[0018] Preferably, the second antenna radiator includes a second vertical radiating plate, a second horizontal radiating plate, and a second feed line. The second vertical radiating plate is located at the other end of the metal cavity. The second vertical radiating plate is connected to the ground of the second horizontal radiating plate and the power divider, respectively. One end of the second feed line is connected to the other end of the power divider, and the other end of the second feed line is connected to the second horizontal radiating plate. The second feed line is arranged parallel to the second vertical radiating plate.

[0019] The second vertical radiating plate, the second horizontal radiating plate, and the second feeder form an inverted F-shaped structure.

[0020] The second antenna radiator is designed using an inverted-F antenna, which reduces the antenna size, ensures omnidirectional antenna pattern, and places the antenna in a metal cavity to reduce the influence of the surrounding environment on the operating frequency. Effectively combined with the first antenna radiator, it can be integrated inside the black box, making it less susceptible to external electromagnetic interference. The antenna operates stably, and its radiation performance is not affected by which side of the black box faces upwards.

[0021] Preferably, the bus includes a free end and a connection end, the free end being located outside the metal cavity, and the connection end being connected to the at least one set of antenna radiators via the power divider;

[0022] The connection point between the bus and the power divider is located in the center of the power divider.

[0023] The antenna radiator is enclosed in a metal cavity. It receives and outputs radio frequency (RF) signals from a power divider via a bus. The power divider splits the input and output RF signals into two signals of equal value and 180° phase difference, which are then transmitted to the antenna radiators at both ends. Therefore, as a structure that splits and combines energy, the bus port is naturally in the middle, and the splitter ports are at both ends.

[0024] Preferably, the height of the first feed line is 1.3% of the operating wavelength.

[0025] Preferably, the height of the second feed line is 1.3% of the operating wavelength.

[0026] The heights of the first and second feed lines are determined by the size of the cavity formed by the metal cavity, thereby maximizing the antenna's performance. Specifically, the optimal height of the first and second feed lines is 1.3% of the operating wavelength, which is both adaptable to small spaces and achieves the best antenna performance.

[0027] Preferably, the metal cavity is filled with a foaming agent.

[0028] The entire metal cavity is finally fixed by filling it with foam to ensure it can meet the requirements of strong impact and guarantee the normal use of the omnidirectional electric miniature antenna.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0030] 1. The present invention provides an omnidirectional small electric antenna, which uses a combined inverted-F antenna with a metal cavity as the antenna radiator, which reduces the size of the antenna, ensures the omnidirectionality of the antenna pattern, and reduces the influence of the surrounding environment on the operating frequency.

[0031] 2. The present invention provides an omnidirectional electrically small antenna, which provides a metal cavity antenna that achieves the miniaturization and high strength requirements of the life-saving antenna and improves the stability of the antenna;

[0032] 3. The omnidirectional electric miniature antenna provided by the present invention has its antenna radiator implemented in the form of a binary array, which can ensure that if one element fails, the other element can work normally, thus improving the stability of the entire antenna operation.

[0033] 4. The present invention provides an omnidirectional small electric antenna, which is small in size and light in weight, can be integrated into the black box, is not easily affected by external electromagnetic interference, and the antenna works stably. The antenna radiation performance will not be affected no matter which side of the black box faces upward. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the omnidirectional electrically small antenna described in this invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the omnidirectional electrically small antenna described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the omnidirectional electrically small antenna described in this invention;

[0037] Wherein 1-metal cavity, 2-cavity, 3-bus, 4-first antenna radiator, 5-second antenna radiator, 6-power divider, 7-first vertical radiating plate, 8-first horizontal radiating plate, 9-first feeder, 10-second vertical radiating plate, 11-second horizontal radiating plate, 12-second feeder, 13-free end, 14-connection end. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0039] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0040] In this specification, when an element is referred to as "connected to" or "located in" another element, it may be "directly" connected to or "directly" located in the other element, or connected to or located in the other element with other elements interposed therebetween, unless it is referred to as "directly connected to" or "directly located" in the other element. Furthermore, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as "on," "above," "below," or "under" another element, it may be in "direct" contact with the other element or in contact with the other element through which other elements are interposed, unless it is referred to as being in direct contact with the other element.

[0041] To achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an omnidirectional electrically small antenna, comprising:

[0042] Metal cavity 1, which has a cavity 2 enclosed by a shell;

[0043] At least one set of antenna radiators is located inside the metal cavity;

[0044] Bus 3 is connected to the metal cavity 1.

[0045] This invention provides a metal cavity antenna that achieves the miniaturization and high strength requirements of a life-saving antenna, while making the operating frequency less susceptible to external interference, thus improving the stability and reliability of the antenna operation.

[0046] The metal casing used in this invention can greatly improve the antenna strength, enabling it to meet the requirements of use even after a strong impact of 400 km / h. It also improves the antenna's performance against the uncertainties caused by seawater fluctuations and surrounding equipment.

[0047] In this embodiment, specifically, the at least one set of antenna radiators includes a first antenna radiator 4 and a second antenna radiator 5. The first antenna radiator 4 and the second antenna radiator 5 are connected by a power divider 6, which is located between the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator.

[0048] This invention employs a modular design to shape the antenna's horizontal radiation pattern, ensuring that radiation performance is unaffected regardless of which side of the black box faces upwards, thus significantly improving antenna reliability and search and rescue efficiency at sea. Power is supplied via a power divider network; the effective combination of the two radiating elements guarantees that the other element can continue to function normally even if one element fails.

[0049] The omnidirectional electric small antenna operates at a frequency of 243MHz ± 0.7MHz.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, specifically, the first antenna radiator includes a first vertical radiating plate 7, a first horizontal radiating plate 8, and a first feed line 9. The first vertical radiating plate is located at one end of the metal cavity. The first vertical radiating plate is connected to the ground of the first horizontal radiating plate and the power divider, respectively. One end of the first feed line is connected to one end of the power divider, and the other end of the first feed line is connected to the first horizontal radiating plate. The first feed line is arranged parallel to the first vertical radiating plate.

[0051] The first vertical radiating plate, the first horizontal radiating plate, and the first feeder form an inverted F-shaped structure.

[0052] The first antenna radiator is designed using an inverted F antenna. The inverted F antenna is used to bend the radiator to increase the current path, so that the maximum current intensity appears on the vertical radiating plate 7. This reduces the size of the antenna and ensures the omnidirectionality of the antenna pattern. By combining the bent inverted F antenna with the metal cavity, the size of the antenna is greatly reduced, so that the height of the antenna, i.e. the first feed line, is 1.3% of the working wavelength.

[0053] Based on the above embodiments, specifically, the second antenna radiator includes a second vertical radiating plate 10, a second horizontal radiating plate 11, and a second feed line 12. The second vertical radiating plate is located at the other end of the metal cavity. The second vertical radiating plate is connected to the ground of the second horizontal radiating plate and the power divider, respectively. One end of the second feed line is connected to the other end of the power divider, and the other end of the second feed line is connected to the second horizontal radiating plate. The second feed line is arranged parallel to the second vertical radiating plate.

[0054] The second vertical radiating plate, the second horizontal radiating plate, and the second feeder form an inverted F-shaped structure.

[0055] The power divider is connected to the central bus, and the other two input / output ports of the power divider are located at both ends of the power divider. They are connected to the first horizontal radiating plate and the second horizontal radiating plate through the first feed line and the second feed line to realize radio frequency signal transmission and reception.

[0056] The second antenna radiator is designed using an inverted F antenna. By bending the radiator with the inverted F antenna, the current path is increased, and the maximum current intensity occurs on the vertical radiating plate 10. This reduces the size of the antenna while ensuring the omnidirectionality of the antenna pattern. By combining the bent inverted F antenna with the metal cavity, the size of the antenna is significantly reduced, making the height of the antenna, i.e., the second feed line, 1.3% of the operating wavelength. The second antenna radiator is effectively combined with the first antenna radiator and can be integrated inside the black box. It is not easily affected by external electromagnetic interference, and the antenna works stably. The antenna radiation performance is not affected by which side of the black box faces upwards.

[0057] The use of two inverted-F monopole omnidirectional antenna arrays increases the reliability and efficiency of seawater search and rescue beacon systems. When a black box falls into the sea, it's impossible to determine which side is facing upwards. With traditional beacon antennas, which only have one radiating surface, it's easy for the surface to be facing outwards and covered by seawater. Since seawater is a semiconductor, its radiating signal cannot be emitted. This invention uses two inverted-F monopole omnidirectional antennas, ensuring that even if one radiating surface is covered and affected, the other radiating surface can still function normally. Furthermore, the overall size is smaller than previous methods.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, specifically, the bus includes a free end 13 and a connection end 14. The free end is located outside the metal cavity, and the connection end is connected to the at least one set of antenna radiators through the power divider.

[0059] The connection point between the bus and the power divider is located in the center of the power divider.

[0060] The antenna radiator is enclosed in a metal cavity. It receives and outputs radio frequency (RF) signals from a power divider via a bus. The power divider splits the input and output RF signals into two signals of equal value and 180° phase difference, which are then transmitted to the antenna radiators at both ends. Therefore, as a structure that splits and combines energy, the bus port is naturally in the middle, and the splitter ports are at both ends.

[0061] Specifically, the height of the first feed line is 1.3% of the operating wavelength, and the height of the second feed line is 1.3% of the operating wavelength. The heights of the first and second feed lines are designed to fit the space of the cavity formed by the metal cavity, thereby achieving good performance. In other words, the optimal choice is for the heights of the first and second feed lines to be 1.3% of the operating wavelength, which can adapt to small spaces and achieve the best antenna performance.

[0062] Specifically, the metal cavity is filled with a foaming agent, and the entire metal cavity is ultimately fixed by filling it with the foaming agent, so that it can meet the requirements of strong impact and ensure the normal use of the omnidirectional electric miniature antenna.

[0063] In another embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the at least one set of antenna radiators includes a first antenna radiator 5 and a second antenna radiator 4. The first antenna radiator 5 and the second antenna radiator 4 are connected by a power divider 6, which is located between the first antenna radiator 5 and the second antenna radiator 4.

[0064] Based on the above embodiments, specifically, the first antenna radiator 5 includes a first vertical radiating plate 10, a first horizontal radiating plate 11, and a first feed line 12. The first vertical radiating plate is located at one end of the metal cavity. The first vertical radiating plate is connected to the ground of the first horizontal radiating plate and the power divider, respectively. One end of the first feed line is connected to one end of the power divider, and the other end of the first feed line is connected to the first horizontal radiating plate. The first feed line is arranged parallel to the first vertical radiating plate.

[0065] The first vertical radiating plate, the first horizontal radiating plate, and the first feeder form an inverted F-shaped structure.

[0066] The first antenna radiator is designed using an inverted F antenna, which reduces the size of the antenna while ensuring the omnidirectional nature of the antenna pattern.

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, specifically, the second antenna radiator 4 includes a second vertical radiating plate 7, a second horizontal radiating plate 8, and a second feed line 9. The second vertical radiating plate is located at the other end of the metal cavity. The second vertical radiating plate is connected to the ground of the second horizontal radiating plate and the power divider, respectively. One end of the second feed line is connected to the other end of the power divider, and the other end of the second feed line is connected to the second horizontal radiating plate. The second feed line is arranged parallel to the second vertical radiating plate.

[0068] The second vertical radiating plate, the second horizontal radiating plate, and the second feeder form an inverted F-shaped structure.

[0069] The second antenna radiator is designed using an inverted-F antenna, which reduces the antenna size while ensuring omnidirectional radiation. When effectively combined with the first antenna radiator, it can be integrated inside the black box, making it less susceptible to external electromagnetic interference. The antenna operates stably, and its radiation performance is unaffected by which side of the black box faces upwards.

[0070] The other components in Example 2 are the same as those in Example 1, so they will not be described again.

[0071] In this invention, when the antenna transmits, the radio frequency signal enters the power divider 6 through the bus 3. The power divider 6 sends the signal with equal amplitude and a 180-degree phase difference to the first feeder 9 and the second feeder 12, enabling both radiators to operate simultaneously. Because the power divider has an absorption load and a relatively wide designed bandwidth, it ensures that the other antenna can still function normally when one radiator fails.

[0072] This invention is the first to reduce the size of two inverted-F monopole omnidirectional antennas to 1.3% of the operating wavelength. Furthermore, by combining them with the enclosure of a metal cavity, the antenna strength is greatly improved, enabling it to meet the requirements of use even after a strong impact of 400 km / h. It also improves the antenna's performance against the uncertainties caused by seawater fluctuations and surrounding equipment.

[0073] Other alternative embodiments of the present invention are also available, which will not be described in detail here.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. An omnidirectional electrically small antenna, characterized by, The application relates to an omnidirectional electric small antenna. The antenna comprises: a metal cavity with a cavity surrounded by a shell; at least one set of antenna radiators inside the metal cavity; a bus connected with the metal cavity; the at least one set of antenna radiators comprises a first antenna radiator and a second antenna radiator, the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator are connected through a power divider between the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator; the first antenna radiator comprises a first vertical radiation plate, a first horizontal radiation plate and a first feeder, the first vertical radiation plate is located at one end of the metal cavity, the first vertical radiation plate is connected with the first horizontal radiation plate and the ground of the power divider respectively, one end of the first feeder is connected with one end of the power divider, the other end of the first feeder is connected with the first horizontal radiation plate, and the first feeder is arranged in parallel with the first vertical radiation plate; wherein the first vertical radiation plate, the first horizontal radiation plate and the first feeder form an inverted F structure; the second antenna radiator comprises a second vertical radiation plate, a second horizontal radiation plate and a second feeder, the second vertical radiation plate is located at the other end of the metal cavity, the second vertical radiation plate is connected with the second horizontal radiation plate and the ground of the power divider respectively, one end of the second feeder is connected with the other end of the power divider, the other end of the second feeder is connected with the second horizontal radiation plate, and the second feeder is arranged in parallel with the second vertical radiation plate; wherein the second vertical radiation plate, the second horizontal radiation plate and the second feeder form an inverted F structure; the first antenna radiator and the second antenna radiator increase the current path through the inverted F antenna bending radiator, so that the maximum current intensity appears on the first vertical radiation plate and the second vertical radiation plate, the omnidirectional property of the antenna pattern is ensured, the size of the antenna is reduced through the combination of the zigzag inverted F antenna and the metal cavity, the second antenna radiator and the first antenna radiator can be integrated in a black box, the black box can work normally when any one side faces up after falling into the sea; the central part of the power divider is connected with the bus, input and output openings are arranged at two ends of the power divider, the input and output openings are connected with the first horizontal radiation plate and the second horizontal radiation plate through the first feeder and the second feeder respectively, and radio frequency signal radio transmission is realized; the antenna radiators input and output radio frequency signals to the power divider through the bus, the power divider divides the input and output radio frequency signals into two signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 180 DEG and transmits the two signals into and out of the antenna radiators at two ends; the working frequency of the omnidirectional electric small antenna is 243MHz+ / -0.7MHz; 2. The omnidirectional electrically small antenna of claim 1, wherein, the height of the first feeder and the second feeder is 1.3% of the working wavelength. the bus comprises a free end and a connecting end, the free end is located outside the metal cavity, and the connecting end is connected with the at least one set of antenna radiators through the power divider; 3. The omnidirectional electrically small antenna of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein, wherein the connection between the bus and the power divider is located at the central part of the power divider. foaming agent is filled in the metal cavity.

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