A kind of rail transit wheel radial runout online dynamic detection device and detection method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an online dynamic detection device and method for radial runout of rail transit wheels, and belongs to the field of rail transit. An online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels of the present invention comprises a pedal assembly, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are sequentially installed on the inner side of the track and parallel to each other, wherein the sliding plate is slidably connected to the pedal assembly and the fixed plate assembly respectively through a slide rail mechanism, and the sliding plate and the pedal assembly are also connected through an elastic element; a displacement sensing plate is provided on the pedal assembly, and a displacement sensor is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate, or the installation positions of the two are interchanged. The technical solution of the present invention can be used to perform real-time dynamic detection of radial runout of a train when the train is running at high speed, and its detection accuracy is effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism, and the structural stability of the detection device is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and more specifically, relates to an online dynamic detection device and a detection method for radial runout of rail transit wheels. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's economy, the requirements for train running speed and heavy load are getting higher and higher, which requires the train wheels to be able to withstand large dynamic loads to ensure the safety of train driving. Among them, the circumferential surface of the train wheel is composed of two curved surfaces, the rim and the tread. The tread contacts the track to achieve load-bearing driving, and together with the rim, guides the train. During the long-term operation of the train wheels, the surfaces in contact with the track will wear, causing the train wheels to lose roundness, which will cause the train wheels to have radial runout on the track, thereby damaging train components, reducing passenger comfort, affecting the safety and service life of trains and track facilities, and even causing axle breakage and wheel collapse, causing major accidents.

[0003] Therefore, the detection of radial runout of wheel tread is of great significance to ensure the driving safety of trains. For the detection of train wheelsets, traditional technology usually uses strain gauges attached to the neutral axis on both sides of the rail waist to sense the strain force changes when the truck passes, so as to determine the tread damage on the wheel tread surface and the unbalanced load condition of the vehicle body. However, this detection method is only applicable to the detection of low-speed trains, and when installing the strain gauges, the original rails need to be destroyed. Obviously, this is not allowed in high-speed railways. In other words, the traditional detection method is not suitable for online detection of high-speed train wheelsets, and its detection accuracy is relatively low. The debugging cycle after the detection system is installed is long, maintenance is inconvenient, and the rails need to be replaced when necessary, which is very cumbersome.

[0004] Online dynamic detection refers to the real-time online measurement when the train is running normally on the rails. Online detection has been increasingly valued at home and abroad due to its high degree of measurement automation, no turnover time of locomotives and vehicles, and convenient storage of wheel information. Among them, the contact measurement method is a commonly used online dynamic detection method. It mainly relies on the pedal structure installed on the track. When the wheel passes, the pedal always keeps in contact with the apex of the wheel flange. The pedal produces a downward displacement under the pressure of the wheel flange, and the displacement varies with the different contact points between the tread and the track. The changes in the downward displacement of the pedal during the wheel passing through the pedal can depict the wheel tread out-of-roundness and radial runout.

[0005] However, the existing dynamic measurement mechanism for wheel tread defects usually adopts a parallelogram structure, and the structural stability of the detection mechanism is relatively poor, and its detection accuracy still needs to be further improved. For example, Chinese patent 201620323667.X discloses a dynamic detection device for wheel tread scratches and out-of-roundness, which includes a base plate installed on the inner side of the rail, and at least two sets of parallelogram mechanisms are installed on the base plate. A scratch rod in contact with the wheel tread is hinged on the top of each parallelogram mechanism, and a first damping mechanism is installed between the scratch rod and the base plate, and a second damping mechanism is installed between each parallelogram mechanism and the base plate. A sensing plate is installed at the bottom of the scratch rod, and a displacement sensor for sensing the displacement of the sensing plate is installed on the base plate. This application can improve the impact resistance of the detection mechanism to a certain extent through the installation of the damping mechanism, but the detection accuracy and structural stability of the detection mechanism still need to be further improved. At the same time, the device cannot control the height of the abrasion rod of the parallelogram mechanism. When the wheel rims are of different heights due to wear, the wheel rims may have no contact or excessive contact with the abrasion rod, resulting in no measurement results or a large impact on the mechanism, affecting the measurement and even damaging the mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0006] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the existing train wheel tread defect detection, and to provide a rail transit wheel radial runout online dynamic detection device and detection method. The technical solution of the present invention can perform real-time dynamic detection of train radial runout when the train is running at high speed, and its detection accuracy is effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism, and the structural stability of the detection device is good.

[0008] 2. Technical solution

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0010] The present invention provides an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels, comprising a pedal assembly, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are sequentially installed on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other, wherein the sliding plate is slidably connected to the pedal assembly and the fixed plate assembly respectively via a slide rail mechanism, and the sliding plate and the pedal assembly are also connected via an elastic element; a displacement sensing plate is provided on the pedal assembly, and a displacement sensor is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate, or the installation positions of the two are interchanged.

[0011] Furthermore, the sliding plate is connected to a lifting drive mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting drive mechanism includes a driving motor, a lead screw and a lead screw nut, wherein the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw, the other end of the lead screw is threadedly connected to the lead screw nut, and the lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive motor is fixedly connected to the fixed plate assembly through a motor mounting seat, the screw nut is mounted on the nut fixing plate, and the nut fixing plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plate; a screw fixing seat is also fixed on the fixed plate assembly, the screw passes through the screw fixing seat and is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor through a first coupling.

[0014] Furthermore, a braking system is provided at the bottom of the sliding plate, which includes a screw, an electromagnetic brake, a brake coupling plate and a coupling plate connecting plate, wherein one end of the screw is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate through a second coupling, and the other end thereof passes through the electromagnetic brake, the brake coupling plate, the coupling plate connecting plate in sequence and is threadedly connected to the screw nut, and a bearing is also installed on the coupling plate connecting plate, and a bearing seat is provided outside the bearing.

[0015] Furthermore, a support fixing seat is fixed at the bottom of the sliding plate, and the second coupling is fixedly connected to the support fixing seat; the brake coupling plate, coupling plate connecting plate and screw nut are fixedly connected, and the electromagnetic brake and the bearing seat are fixedly connected to the base plate assembly.

[0016] Furthermore, the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the pedal assembly is installed obliquely relative to the sliding plate, and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly is installed vertically relative to the sliding plate; the installation direction of the elastic element is parallel to the installation direction of the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the pedal assembly; more optimized, the fixed plate assembly includes a main fixed plate, end fixed plates located at both ends of the main fixed plate, and an upper sealing plate located at the top of the main fixed plate, and the main fixed plate, the end fixed plate and the upper sealing plate together form a box-type structure; the sliding plate is slidably connected to the main fixed plate through a second slide rail, and is slidably connected to the end fixed plate through a third slide rail; an intermediate fixed plate is also provided between the sliding plate and the pedal assembly, and the sliding plate and the intermediate fixed plate are slidably connected through a fourth slide rail (the first slide rail is installed obliquely relative to the sliding plate, and the second slide rail, the third slide rail and the fourth slide rail are all installed vertically relative to the sliding plate).

[0017] Furthermore, the fixing plate assembly is fixed on the base plate assembly, and the base plate assembly is installed and fixed to the bottom of the track; further, the base plate assembly includes a bottom support plate, on which a first track pressure plate and a second track pressure plate are provided, the first track pressure plate is fixedly connected to the bottom support plate by pressure plate bolts, and the two sides of the bottom of the track are respectively clamped and fixed between the first track pressure plate, the second track pressure plate and the bottom support plate; the bottom support plate is also provided with a pressure plate nut, on which a bite shape that imitates the side of the bottom of the track is processed, and the pressure plate nut is fixedly connected to the fixing ear at the bottom of the bottom support plate by a pull rod bolt; reinforcing ribs are also provided on both sides of the bottom support plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the elastic element is a tension spring or a compression spring, and both ends of the elastic element are fixedly connected to the pedal assembly and the sliding plate respectively.

[0019] An online dynamic detection method for radial runout of a rail transit wheel of the present invention adopts the online dynamic detection device of the present invention, and the process is as follows:

[0020] Step 1: Adjust the height of the pedal assembly: according to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be tested, the sliding plate is driven up and down by the lifting drive mechanism. At this time, there is no relative movement between the pedal assembly and the sliding plate. The pedal assembly rises and falls synchronously with the sliding plate. When the pedal assembly rises and falls to the specified position, the lifting drive mechanism stops working.

[0021] Step 2, wheel detection process: when the wheel presses on the pedal assembly, the pedal assembly is pressed down by the wheel rim, resulting in a downward displacement along the slide rail direction. During the descending process of the pedal assembly, the sliding plate remains stationary relative to the fixed plate assembly. At this time, the displacement sensor generates a relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate. The displacement of the pedal assembly pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes by is obtained through conversion. By processing the data collected by the displacement sensor within the entire wheel tread circumference, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be obtained.

[0022] Step 3: When the wheel leaves, the pedal assembly returns to its initial position under the action of the elastic element; at this time, the lifting drive mechanism continues to start working and drives the pedal assembly down to a specified position, where the wheel rim cannot press on the pedal assembly regardless of the height of the wheel rim passing by.

[0023] 3. Beneficial effects

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following significant effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention provides an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of a rail transit wheel, comprising a pedal assembly, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are sequentially installed on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other. The sliding plate is slidably connected to the pedal assembly and the fixed plate assembly via a slide rail mechanism. When a train wheel presses onto the pedal assembly, the pedal assembly moves downward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate. When the train wheel leaves the pedal assembly, the pedal assembly moves upward along the slide rail mechanism under the action of an elastic element, thereby driving the displacement sensing plate to move relative to the displacement sensor. By measuring the change in the distance between the displacement sensor and the displacement sensing plate, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be dynamically measured online, thereby greatly improving the measurement efficiency. In addition, the measurement accuracy and the structural stability of the entire measurement device are significantly improved compared to the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism.

[0026] (2) In the present invention, an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels is provided, wherein the sliding plate is connected to a lifting drive mechanism, and the lifting drive mechanism drives the sliding plate to move up and down. Under the action of an elastic element, the pedal assembly moves synchronously with the sliding plate, so that the initial height of the pedal assembly can be adjusted, thereby meeting the measurement requirements of wheels with different wheel rim heights, preventing the wheels from causing a large impact on the pedal assembly, and ensuring the measurement accuracy.

[0027] (3) The present invention provides an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels, wherein the lifting drive mechanism includes a driving motor, a lead screw, a lead screw nut and a nut fixing plate. The driving motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and the lead screw nut moves axially relative to the lead screw. Since the lead screw nut is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, the sliding plate and the pedal assembly can be driven to move up and down together. When the train wheel presses on the pedal assembly, the lifting drive mechanism supports the sliding plate, so that the pedal assembly can slide relative to the sliding plate.

[0028] (4) The present invention is an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels. When the lifting drive mechanism of the present invention is adopted, when the wheel presses onto the pedal assembly, there will inevitably be a threaded plate gap between the lead screw nut and the lead screw, which will cause the sliding plate to move downward, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement result. The present invention provides a braking system at the bottom of the sliding plate, thereby effectively preventing the sliding plate from moving downward when the wheel passes over it, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the measurement result.

[0029] (5) In the online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels of the present invention, the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly is installed vertically relative to the sliding plate, and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the pedal assembly is installed obliquely relative to the sliding plate, which is beneficial to further improve the structural and operational stability of the entire measuring device, effectively reduce the impact of the wheel on the detection device, and ensure the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0030] (6) In the present invention, an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels is provided. The fixed plate assembly includes a main fixed plate, an end fixed plate and an upper sealing plate. The main fixed plate, the end fixed plate and the upper sealing plate are surrounded together to form a box-type structure. The sliding plate is slidably connected to the main fixed plate, the end fixed plate and the upper sealing plate through a slide rail mechanism, thereby further improving the structural strength and stability of the entire detection device and the stability of the relative movement between the sliding plate and the pedal assembly and the fixed plate assembly. An intermediate fixed plate is also provided between the sliding plate and the pedal assembly, and the sliding plate and the intermediate fixed plate are slidably connected through a fourth slide rail, thereby further improving the structural stability of the device.

[0031] (7) In the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels of the present invention, the fixed plate assembly is fixed on the base plate assembly. By optimizing the structure of the base plate assembly, the firmness of the installation between the base plate assembly and the track can be effectively guaranteed, thereby facilitating improving the installation firmness and detection accuracy of the entire device.

[0032] (8) The present invention provides a method for online dynamic detection of radial runout of rail transit wheels. By optimizing the structure of the online dynamic detection device, the wheel radial runout can be detected online in real time, and its detection efficiency and detection accuracy are improved compared with the existing detection device. In addition, by using the method of the present invention, the initial height of the pedal assembly can be adjusted according to the wheel rim height of the train wheel, thereby meeting the detection requirements of wheels with different wheel rim heights, and effectively reducing the impact caused by the train wheel passing through. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of a rail transit wheel according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixing plate assembly of an online dynamic detection device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding plate of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the online dynamic detection device of the present invention (I);

[0037] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the split structure of the online dynamic detection device of the present invention (II);

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the online dynamic detection device of the present invention (III);

[0039] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base plate assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the brake system of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the braking system of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tension spring of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spring pin of the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of the symbols in the schematic diagram:

[0046] 1. Track; 2. Pedal assembly; 201. Pedal; 202. Pedal support plate; 3. Sliding plate; 4. Fixed plate assembly; 401. Main fixed plate; 402. End fixed plate; 403. Upper sealing plate; 404. Intermediate fixed plate; 5. Bottom plate assembly; 501. Bottom support plate; 502. First track pressure plate; 503. Pressure plate bolt; 504. Pressure plate nut; 505. Tie rod bolt; 506. Fixing ear; 507. Reinforcement rib; 508. Second track pressure plate; 6. Lifting drive mechanism; 601. Drive motor; 602. First coupling; 603. Motor mounting seat; 604. Screw fixing seat; 605. Screw; 606. Screw nut; 607 , nut fixing plate; 701, first slide rail; 702, second slide rail; 703, third slide rail; 704, fourth slide rail; 8, elastic element; 801, elastic element support; 802, elastic element adjustment plate; 803, elastic element support plate; 804, spring pin; 805, hook groove; 9, displacement sensor; 901, displacement sensing plate; 902, sensor mounting seat; 10, braking system; 1001, support fixing seat; 1002, second coupling; 1003, screw rod; 1004, electromagnetic brake; 1005, brake coupling plate; 1006, coupling plate connecting plate; 1007, screw rod nut; 1008, bearing; 1009, bearing seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is now described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Combination Figure 1-Figure 6 , an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment comprises a pedal assembly 2, a sliding plate 3 and a fixed plate assembly 4 which are sequentially installed on the inner side of a track 1 and are parallel to each other, wherein the sliding plate 3 is slidingly connected to the pedal assembly 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 respectively through a slide rail mechanism, and the sliding plate 3 is also connected to the pedal assembly 2 through an elastic element 8; a displacement sensing plate 901 is provided on the pedal assembly 2, and a displacement sensor 9 is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate (the installation positions of the two are interchangeable), and in this embodiment, the displacement sensor 9 is installed on the sliding plate 3 through a sensor mounting seat 902.

[0050] In this embodiment, a pedal assembly 2 is installed on the track. When the wheel passes by, the top surface of the pedal assembly 2 always keeps in contact with the top of the wheel rim. The pedal assembly 2 generates a downward displacement under the pressure of the wheel rim, and the displacement varies with the different contact points between the tread and the track. By collecting the changes in the displacement of the pedal assembly 2 in the process of the wheel passing through the pedal assembly 2, the out-of-roundness of the wheel tread can be depicted. Among them, when the train wheel presses on the pedal assembly 2, under the rolling action of the wheel, the pedal assembly 2 moves downward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate 3. At this time, the sliding plate 3 does not slide relative to the fixed plate assembly 4, and the distance between the displacement sensing plate 901 and the displacement sensor 9 changes; and when the train wheel leaves the pedal assembly 2, under the action of the restoring force of the elastic element 8, the pedal assembly 2 gradually moves upward relative to the sliding plate 3 along the slide rail mechanism. By processing the distance change data between the displacement sensing plate 901 and the displacement sensor 9, the radial runout, tread scratch and wear data of the train wheel tread can be obtained, and the online dynamic measurement of the train wheel defects is realized, which greatly improves the measurement efficiency. In this embodiment, the movement of the pedal assembly 2 is guided by the setting of the slide rail mechanism, and the elastic element 8 is used to make it perform a restoring movement. Compared with the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism, the structural stability and measurement accuracy of the measurement device are effectively improved.

[0051] Specifically, if there is no scratch on the wheel tread, the vertical position of the entire tread circumference relative to the rail remains unchanged, and the corresponding measured value of the displacement sensor 9 remains unchanged; on the contrary, if there is scratch or uneven wear on the wheel tread, the relative height from the tread to the top of the wheel flange changes, and the vertical position of the pedal assembly 2 and the rail also changes relatively. At this time, the change in the measured value of the displacement sensor 9 is the amount of scratch. At the same time, the measured value is compared with that of a new wheel without wear to obtain the wear amount of the wheel tread.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The present embodiment is an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels, and its structure is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, and the main difference is that: in the present embodiment, the sliding plate 3 is connected to the lifting drive mechanism 6, and the lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the sliding plate 3 to move up and down along the slide rail mechanism relative to the fixed plate assembly 4. At this time, there is no relative sliding between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal assembly 2, thereby driving the pedal assembly 2 to move up and down together, thereby realizing flexible adjustment of the installation height of the pedal assembly 2.

[0054] In actual use, the wheel rim heights of all wheels on a train will be different. When measuring, the pedal assembly 2 will be higher than the wheel rim by a certain value as the preload. The preload value cannot be too large, otherwise the wheel will seriously hit the pedal assembly 2, causing damage to the pedal assembly 2 and reducing the measurement accuracy; the preload value cannot be too small, otherwise the wheel rim will not be able to press the pedal assembly 2, resulting in no data detection. In this embodiment, the split structural design of the pedal assembly 2, the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4, while cooperating with the lifting drive mechanism 6, can not only realize the measurement of wheel tread defects, but also adjust the initial height of the pedal assembly 2, thereby meeting the measurement requirements of wheels with different wheel rim heights, reducing the greater impact of the wheel on the pedal assembly 2, and ensuring the measurement accuracy.

[0055] During the initial research process, the inventor directly connected the pedal assembly 2 to the fixed plate through a slide rail mechanism, and directly drove the pedal assembly up and down through a lifting drive device to achieve height adjustment of the pedal assembly 2. However, the structure and operation stability of the detection mechanism using this structure are relatively poor. Therefore, in subsequent research, the inventor added a sliding plate 3 between the pedal assembly 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4, and adjusted the height of the pedal assembly by driving the sliding plate 3 to rise and fall, thereby effectively improving the structure and operation stability of the detection mechanism.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The present embodiment is an online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels, and its structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 2, and the main difference is that the slide rail mechanisms include sliders and guide rails that cooperate with each other. In the present embodiment, sliders are fixedly installed on the pedal assembly 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 respectively, and the sliding plate 3 is correspondingly provided with guide rails that slidably cooperate with the above-mentioned sliders, wherein the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4 is vertically installed relative to the sliding plate 3, and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal assembly 2 is inclined relative to the sliding plate 3, which is beneficial to improve the structural stability of the entire device and effectively reduce the impact of the wheel on the measuring device.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] The structure of the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the second embodiment, and the main difference is that: Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the lifting drive mechanism 6 of this embodiment includes a driving motor 601, a screw 605, a screw nut 606 and a nut fixing plate 607, wherein the driving motor 601 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate assembly 4 through a motor mounting seat 603, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the screw 605 through a first coupling 602, and the other end of the screw 605 is threadedly connected to the screw nut 606, the screw nut 606 is installed on the nut fixing plate 607, and the nut fixing plate 607 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 3.

[0060] When the driving motor 601 rotates downward, relative rotation occurs between the lead screw 605 and the lead screw nut 606, and the lead screw nut 606 moves downward along the central axis of the lead screw, thereby driving the nut fixing plate 607 and the sliding plate 3 to move downward together, and under the action of the elastic element 8, the pedal assembly 2 also moves downward synchronously. When the driving motor 601 rotates upward, the lead screw nut 606 moves upward along the central axis of the lead screw, thereby driving the nut fixing plate 607 and the sliding plate 3 to move upward together, and under the action of the elastic element 8, the pedal assembly 2 also moves upward synchronously. That is, before the wheel arrives, the driving motor 601 drives the sliding plate 3 to drive the pedal assembly 2 to move up and down together, and there is no relative movement between the two, so that the pedal assembly 2 is higher than the lowest point of the wheel rim by a certain height (such as about 1.5-3mm) and remains motionless. When the wheel presses on the pedal assembly 2, the pedal assembly 2 and the sliding plate 3 will produce a certain relative displacement. At this time, the displacement sensor installed on the sliding plate 3 can measure the displacement of the pedal assembly 2. If the displacement is connected and there is a high or low phenomenon, it means that the wheel tread is defective as mentioned above.

[0061] In this embodiment, the motor mounting seat 603 is processed into an L-shaped structure, wherein a circular stepped hole matching the motor is processed on the bottom plate of the motor mounting seat 603, the motor shaft passes through the mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the vertical plate of the motor mounting seat 603 is fixedly installed on the fixed plate assembly. A lead screw fixing seat 604 is also fixed on the fixed plate assembly 4, and a lead screw 605 passes through the lead screw fixing seat 604 and is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 601 through the first coupling 602, and the lead screw 605 is guided by the lead screw fixing seat 604.

[0062] In this embodiment, an online dynamic detection method for radial runout of a rail transit wheel is used, and the online dynamic detection device is activated. The process is as follows:

[0063] Step 1: Adjust the height of the pedal assembly: according to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be tested, the sliding plate 3 is driven to rise and fall by the lifting drive mechanism 6. At this time, there is no relative movement between the pedal assembly 2 and the sliding plate 3. The pedal assembly 2 rises and falls synchronously with the sliding plate 3. When the pedal assembly 2 rises and falls to the specified position, the lifting drive mechanism 6 stops working;

[0064] Step 2, wheel detection process: when the wheel presses on the pedal assembly 2, the pedal assembly 2 is pressed down by the wheel rim, resulting in a downward displacement along the slide rail direction. During the descending process of the pedal assembly 2, the sliding plate 3 remains stationary relative to the fixed plate assembly 4. At this time, the displacement sensor 9 generates a relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate 901. The displacement of the pedal assembly 2 pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes by is obtained through conversion; by processing the data collected by the displacement sensor 9 within the entire wheel tread circumference, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be obtained;

[0065] Step 3, when the wheel leaves, the pedal assembly 2 returns to its initial position under the action of the elastic element 8; at this time, the lifting drive mechanism 6 continues to start working, driving the pedal assembly 2 to descend to the specified position. No matter how high the rim of the wheel passing by is, the rim of the wheel cannot press on the pedal assembly 2.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] The structure of the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and the main difference is that: Figure 3 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , the bottom of the sliding plate 3 is provided with a brake system 10, which includes a screw 1003, an electromagnetic brake 1004, a brake coupling plate 1005 and a coupling plate connecting plate 1006, wherein one end of the screw 1003 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 3 through the second coupling 1002, and the other end thereof passes through the electromagnetic brake 1004, the brake coupling plate 1005, the coupling plate connecting plate 1006 in sequence and is threadedly connected to the screw nut 1007, and a bearing 1008 is also installed on the coupling plate connecting plate 1006, and a bearing seat 1009 is provided outside the bearing 1008. In this embodiment, a support fixing seat 1001 is fixed to the bottom of the sliding plate 3, and the second coupling 1002 is fixedly connected to the support fixing seat 1001; the brake coupling plate 1005, the coupling plate connecting plate 1006 and the screw nut 1007 are fixedly connected, and the electromagnetic brake 1004 and the bearing seat 1009 are both fixedly connected to the bottom plate assembly 5.

[0068] The sliding plate 3 will be subjected to vertical downward pressure when the wheel passes by. At this time, since the sliding plate 3 is mainly supported by the lifting drive mechanism 6, and there will inevitably be a thread gap between the lead screw nut 606 and the lead screw 605, the lead screw nut 606 will rotate within the limited gap, causing the sliding plate 3 to move downward, resulting in inaccurate data collection. Based on the above problems, this embodiment installs a braking system 10 at the corresponding position of the lower part of the sliding plate 3 that cooperates with the bottom plate assembly. When the wheel passes by, the sliding plate 3 will transfer the vertical downward pressure it receives to the braking system 10. Through the braking force of the braking system 10, the sliding plate 3 will not be displaced when it is under pressure, thereby improving the overall structural stability of the detection mechanism and the accuracy of the detection data.

[0069] Specifically, before the train arrives, the sliding plate 3 is driven to rise / fall by the lifting drive mechanism. During the lifting process of the sliding plate 3, the screw rod 1003 is subjected to axial force and radial force, and the radial force drives the brake coupling plate, the coupling plate connecting plate, the screw rod nut and the inner ring of the bearing to rotate together. When the sliding plate 3 is lifted / fallen to the specified position, the power of the electromagnetic brake is turned on, and a large attraction is generated between the electromagnetic brake 1004 and the brake coupling plate 1006. This attraction is greater than the pressure on the sliding plate 3 when the wheel passes by, thereby offsetting the axial force and radial force on the screw rod 1003 when the wheel passes by, so that the sliding plate 3 can not be displaced when the wheel passes by, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0070] Example 6

[0071] The structure of the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 5, and the main difference is that: Figure 1-Figure 6 The fixed plate assembly 4 of this embodiment includes a main fixed plate 401, end fixed plates 402 located at both ends of the main fixed plate 401, and an upper sealing plate 403 located at the top of the main fixed plate 401. The main fixed plate 401, the end fixed plate 402 and the upper sealing plate 403 are surrounded together to form a box-type structure. The sliding plate 3 is slidably connected to the pedal assembly 2 through the first sliding rail 701, slidably connected to the main fixed plate 401 through the second sliding rail 702, and slidably connected to the end fixed plate 402 through the third sliding rail 703, so that the stability of the entire device structure and the stability of the sliding plate when moving up and down can be further improved, which is conducive to ensuring the measurement accuracy. More optimally, an intermediate fixed plate 404 is further provided between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal assembly 2, and the sliding plate 3 and the intermediate fixed plate 404 are slidably connected via a fourth slide rail 704, and the main fixed plate 401, the end fixed plate 402, the upper sealing plate 403 and the intermediate fixed plate 404 together form a relatively closed box-type structure, and the sliding plate 3 is installed inside the box-type fixed plate assembly.

[0072] Example 7

[0073] The structure of the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 6, and the main difference is that the fixing plate assembly 4 is fixed on the bottom plate assembly 5, and the bottom plate assembly 5 is installed and fixed on the bottom of the track 1. Specifically, Figure 8 As shown, the bottom plate assembly 5 of this embodiment includes a bottom support plate 501, on which a first track pressure plate 502 and a second track pressure plate 508 are provided, and the first track pressure plate 502 is fixedly connected to the bottom support plate 501 by a pressure plate bolt 503, and the two sides of the bottom of the track 1 are respectively pressed and fixed between the first track pressure plate 502, the second track pressure plate 508 and the bottom support plate 501; the bottom support plate 501 is also provided with a pressure plate nut 504, on which a bite shape that imitates the bottom side of the track 1 is processed, and the pressure plate nut 504 is fixedly connected to the fixing ear 506 at the bottom of the bottom support plate 501 by a pull rod bolt 505. When the tie rod bolt 505 fastens the pressure plate nut 504 through the fixing ear 506, the bite distance between the pressure plate nut 504 and the second rail pressure plate 508 is reduced, so that the bottom plate assembly 5 is tightly fixed to the rail; and then the bottom support plate 501 is further connected and fastened to the rail through the pressure plate bolt 503 and the first rail pressure plate 502. In this embodiment, reinforcing ribs 507 are also provided on both sides of the bottom support plate 501. The bottom support plate 501 and the reinforcing ribs 507 are integrated and can be cast or welded to ensure the rigidity of the entire mechanism to meet the measurement accuracy requirements of the entire mechanism.

[0074] Example 8

[0075] The structure of the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 6, and the main difference is that the two ends of the elastic element 8 are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding plate 3 and the pedal assembly 2, and the installation direction of the elastic element 8 is parallel to the installation direction of the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal assembly 2. Specifically, Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, the elastic element 8 of this embodiment adopts a tension spring, and both ends of the tension spring are provided with spring hooks. The pedal assembly 2 and the sliding plate 3 are respectively provided with spring pins 804 (the height of the spring pin on the pedal assembly 2 is lower than the height of the spring pin on the sliding plate 3). The spring pins 804 are processed with hook grooves 805 corresponding to the spring hooks, and both ends of the tension spring are respectively hooked and installed in the above-mentioned spring hook grooves through the spring hooks. When the wheel rolls on the pedal assembly 2, the pedal assembly 2 moves downward, thereby stretching the elastic element 8 downward. When the wheel gradually leaves the pedal, the pedal assembly 2 gradually recovers under the action of the elastic element 8.

[0076] Example 9

[0077] The structure of the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 8, and the main difference is that: Figure 3 As shown, the elastic element 8 of this embodiment adopts a compression spring, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate 3 through an elastic element support 801, and the pedal assembly 2 is provided with an elastic element support plate 803 corresponding to the other end of the compression spring (the height of the elastic element support plate 803 is greater than the height of the elastic element support 801), and the sliding plate 3 is provided with an elastic element adjustment plate 802 above the elastic element support plate 803, and a threaded hole is processed on the elastic element adjustment plate 802, and a top screw passes through the threaded hole and is pressed on the elastic element support plate 803, that is, the top screw is used to adjust the spring preload, and after adjusting to a predetermined position, a nut is used to tighten the top screw (omitted in the figure). When the wheel rolls on the pedal assembly 2, the pedal assembly 2 drives the elastic element support plate 803 to move downward, thereby further compressing the elastic element 8, and when the wheel gradually leaves the pedal, the pedal assembly 2 gradually recovers under the action of the elastic element 8.

[0078] Example 10

[0079] The structure of the on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 9, and the main difference is that: Figure 5 As shown, the pedal assembly 2 of this embodiment includes a pedal 201 and a pedal support plate 202, the pedal 201 is mounted on the pedal support plate 202; the displacement sensing plate 901, the first slide rail 701, the elastic element support plate 803 or the spring pin 804 are all mounted on the pedal support plate 202. The pedal is in the shape of a long strip, and its length is determined by the number of measuring mechanisms actually set, and the total length of the pedals of several detection mechanisms is not less than the circumference of the wheel tread.

[0080] The present invention and its embodiments are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and designs a structural method and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pedal assembly (2), a sliding plate (3) and a fixed plate assembly (4) which are sequentially installed on the inner side of a track (1) and are parallel to each other, wherein the sliding plate (3) is slidably connected to the pedal assembly (2) and the fixed plate assembly (4) respectively via a slide rail mechanism, and the sliding plate (3) is also connected to the pedal assembly (2) via an elastic element (8); a displacement sensing plate (901) is provided on the pedal assembly (2), and a displacement sensor (9) is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate (901); The lifting drive mechanism (6) comprises a driving motor (601), a lead screw (605) and a lead screw nut (606), wherein the output shaft of the driving motor (601) is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw (605), the other end of the lead screw (605) is threadedly connected to the lead screw nut (606), and the lead screw nut (606) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (3); The slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate (3) and the pedal assembly (2) is installed obliquely relative to the sliding plate (3), and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate (3) and the fixed plate assembly (4) is installed vertically relative to the sliding plate (3); the fixed plate assembly (4) is fixed on the bottom plate assembly (5), and the bottom plate assembly (5) is installed and fixed on the bottom of the track (1).

2. The on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding plate (3) is connected to a lifting drive mechanism (6).

3. The on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive motor (601) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate assembly (4) via a motor mounting seat (603); the lead screw nut (606) is mounted on a nut fixing plate (607), and the nut fixing plate (607) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (3); a lead screw fixing seat (604) is also fixed on the fixed plate assembly (4); the lead screw (605) passes through the lead screw fixing seat (604) and is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (601) via a first coupling (602).

4. An online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A brake system (10) is provided at the bottom of the sliding plate (3), and the brake system (10) comprises a screw (1003), an electromagnetic brake (1004), a brake coupling plate (1005) and a coupling plate connecting plate (1006), wherein one end of the screw (1003) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate (3) via a second coupling (1002), and the other end thereof passes through the electromagnetic brake (1004), the brake coupling plate (1005), and the coupling plate connecting plate (1006) in sequence and is threadedly connected to a screw nut (1007), and a bearing (1008) is also installed on the coupling plate connecting plate (1006), and a bearing seat (1009) is provided outside the bearing (1008).

5. The on-line dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support fixing seat (1001) is fixed at the bottom of the sliding plate (3), and the second coupling (1002) is fixedly connected to the support fixing seat (1001); the brake coupling plate (1005), the coupling plate connecting plate (1006) and the screw nut (1007) are fixedly connected to each other, and the electromagnetic brake (1004) and the bearing seat (1009) are both fixedly connected to the bottom plate assembly (5).

6. An online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The installation direction of the elastic element (8) is parallel to the installation direction of the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate (3) and the pedal assembly (2); the fixed plate assembly (4) comprises a main fixed plate (401), end fixed plates (402) located at both ends of the main fixed plate (401) and an upper sealing plate (403) located at the top of the main fixed plate (401), and the main fixed plate (401), the end fixed plate (402) and the upper sealing plate (403) are together surrounded to form a box-type structure; the sliding plate (3) is slidably connected to the main fixed plate (401) through the second sliding rail (702), and is slidably connected to the end fixed plate (402) through the third sliding rail (703); an intermediate fixed plate (404) is also provided between the sliding plate (3) and the pedal assembly (2), and the sliding plate (3) and the intermediate fixed plate (404) are slidably connected through the fourth sliding rail (704).

7. An online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate assembly (5) comprises a bottom support plate (501), on which a first track pressure plate (502) and a second track pressure plate (508) are provided, the first track pressure plate (502) being fixedly connected to the bottom support plate (501) by a pressure plate bolt (503), and the bottom two sides of the track (1) are respectively pressed and fixed between the first track pressure plate (502), the second track pressure plate (508) and the bottom support plate (501); the bottom support plate (501) is also provided with a pressure plate nut (504), on which a bite groove that imitates the bottom side of the track (1) is processed, and the pressure plate nut (504) is fixedly connected to the fixing ear (506) at the bottom of the bottom support plate (501) by a pull rod bolt (505); and reinforcing ribs (507) are also provided on both sides of the bottom support plate (501).

8. An online dynamic detection device for radial runout of rail transit wheels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The elastic element (8) is a tension spring or a compression spring, and the two ends of the elastic element (8) are respectively fixedly connected to the pedal assembly (2) and the sliding plate (3).

9. An online dynamic detection method for radial runout of rail transit wheels, characterized in that: The online dynamic detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used, and the process is as follows: Step 1: height adjustment of the pedal assembly: according to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be inspected, the sliding plate (3) is driven to rise and fall by the lifting drive mechanism (6). At this time, there is no relative movement between the pedal assembly (2) and the sliding plate (3). The pedal assembly (2) rises and falls synchronously with the sliding plate (3). When the pedal assembly (2) rises and falls to a specified position, the lifting drive mechanism (6) stops working. Step 2, wheel detection process: when the wheel presses on the pedal assembly (2), the pedal assembly (2) is pressed down by the wheel rim, resulting in a downward displacement along the slide rail direction. During the descending process of the pedal assembly (2), the sliding plate (3) remains stationary relative to the fixed plate assembly (4). At this time, the displacement sensor (9) generates a relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate (901). The displacement of the pedal assembly (2) pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes by is obtained through conversion. By processing the data collected by the displacement sensor (9) within the entire wheel tread circumference, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be obtained. Step 3: When the wheel leaves, the pedal assembly (2) returns to its initial position under the action of the elastic element (8); at this time, the lifting drive mechanism (6) continues to start working, driving the pedal assembly (2) to descend to a specified position, at which position, no matter how high the rim of the wheel passing by is, the rim of the wheel cannot press on the pedal assembly (2).

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