A device and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, belonging to the field of rail transit technology. The device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention comprises a pedal, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are installed on the inner side of the track and are parallel to each other, and a pedal balancing mechanism, wherein the sliding plate is connected to the pedal and the fixed plate assembly through a slide rail mechanism, the sliding plate is connected to the lifting drive mechanism, and an elastic element is connected between the sliding plate and the pedal; the pedal is connected to the pedal balancing mechanism. The technical solution of the present invention can realize real-time dynamic detection of radial runout of train wheel treads, and its detection accuracy and the structural stability of the detection device are effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rail transportation, and more specifically, relates to a device and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the operation of trains, due to the existence of poor line maintenance conditions, unreasonable matching of wheel-rail shape and material, poor technical status of bogies, excessive traction load constant, material of wheels and brake shoes, uneven or excessive braking force when the train brakes, brake shoes are not relieved, causing the wheels to slide on the track, or the wheels roll on the track for a long time, the empty and heavy vehicle adjustment device is missed or misadjusted, resulting in excessive braking force at the heavy position when the empty vehicle is in the empty position, iron shoe brakes in shunting operations, low control level of locomotive drivers and poor vehicle relief, many other reasons, resulting in many vehicle wheel tread scratches, peeling and other faults, making the tread rolling circle into a chord-shaped (flat). In addition, the high-speed, heavy-load and high-density operation of trains also accelerates the wear of wheels, causing wear on the wheel tread and wheel flange, changing the geometric shape of the wheel, reducing the wheel diameter, causing the wheel to be out of round, which seriously affects the safety and service life of trains and track facilities, and even affects driving safety.

[0003] At present, most of the wheel tread defect detection in my country is still in the state of section repair, and the technicians use mechanical calipers or measuring rulers to measure. The use of these mechanical instruments is not only cumbersome and labor-intensive, but also greatly affected by the surrounding environment. It cannot eliminate human measurement errors, so its measurement accuracy is low and the measurement efficiency is not high. Online dynamic detection refers to the real-time online measurement when the train is running normally on the rails. Online detection has the characteristics of high degree of measurement automation, no turnover time of locomotives and vehicles, and convenient storage of wheel information, and is increasingly valued at home and abroad.

[0004] The online dynamic detection methods currently used mainly include vibration acceleration detection method and contact measurement method. Among them, the vibration acceleration detection method extracts the wheel out-of-roundness information by analyzing the vibration of the track when the entire train passes the detection point, but this method is affected by the sensor installation fixture and the vibration attenuation of the sleepers, and the measurement accuracy is not high. The contact measurement method is typically the parallelogram method, such as the application number 200720082608.9, the invention name is: Lifting type wheel tread damage and out-of-roundness online dynamic detection device, and the application number 201210307496.8, the invention name is: A wheel tread damage and out-of-roundness online detection device. Both applications disclose online measurement methods and improvements of parallelogram structures. In the above applications, the displacement sensor is connected to a support fixed on a steel rail that constitutes one side of the parallelogram mechanism. The sensor can directly measure the change in relative height between the wheel tread and the wheel rim. The displacement sensor records the diameter of the entire tread circumference. When the tread is out-of-round, the sensor outputs a curve to derive the out-of-roundness. However, the above methods are not suitable for detection when a train passes at high speed, and their detection accuracy needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the existing train wheel tread radial runout detection, and provide a device and method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout. The technical solution of the present invention can realize real-time dynamic detection of train wheel tread radial runout, and its detection accuracy and structural stability of the detection device are effectively improved compared with the existing detection mechanism.

[0007] 2. Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0009] The present invention discloses an apparatus for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, comprising a pedal, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are installed on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other, and a pedal balancing mechanism, wherein the sliding plate is connected to the pedal and the fixed plate assembly via a slide rail mechanism, the sliding plate is connected to a lifting drive mechanism, and an elastic element is connected between the sliding plate and the pedal; the pedal is connected to the pedal balancing mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the pedal balancing mechanism includes a swing arm, a slider fixing plate and a guide rail seat, wherein the slider fixing plate is slidably mounted on the guide rail seat through a slide rail mechanism, and both ends of the swing arm are respectively connected to the slider fixing plate and the pedal for rotation.

[0011] Furthermore, the slide rail mechanism between the slider fixing plate and the guide rail seat includes a second guide rail installed on the guide rail seat and a second slider installed on the slider fixing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide rail seat is processed into an L-shaped structure, the second guide rail is installed on the bottom plate of the guide rail seat, and a guide rail seat reinforcement plate is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rail seat, and the guide rail seat and the guide rail seat reinforcement plate are respectively provided with matching limiting ridges and limiting grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixed plate assembly and the pedal balancing mechanism are both fixedly mounted on the bottom plate assembly, and the bottom plate assembly is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the track.

[0014] Furthermore, both ends of the sliding plate are provided with a guide column and guide sleeve mechanism, which includes a guide column, a guide sleeve and a base, wherein the guide sleeve is fixedly installed on the upper part of the sliding plate, the base is fixedly installed on the bottom plate assembly, the guide column passes through the guide sleeve and is fixedly connected to the base; an inner lining is also provided between the guide sleeve and the guide column, and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining.

[0015] Furthermore, the sliding plate is connected to the lifting drive mechanism through a rocker rod transmission mechanism, and the rocker rod transmission mechanism includes an upper slider fixing plate, a rocker rod and a lower slider fixing plate, wherein the two ends of the rocker rod are respectively rotatably connected to the upper slider fixing plate and the lower slider fixing plate to form a parallelogram mechanism, the upper slider fixing plate is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and the lower slider fixing plate is drivingly connected to the lifting drive mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the lower slider fixing plate is slidably connected to the base plate assembly via a slide rail mechanism, and the slide rail mechanism includes a first slider installed on the lower slider fixing plate, and a first guide rail installed on the base plate assembly and cooperating with the first slider.

[0017] Furthermore, the fixed plate assembly includes a main fixed plate, end fixed plates located at both ends of the main fixed plate, and an upper sealing plate located on the top of the main fixed plate, and the main fixed plate, the end fixed plates and the upper sealing plate together form a box-type structure; further, an intermediate fixed plate is also provided between the pedal and the sliding plate, wherein the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the pedal is installed obliquely relative to the sliding plate, and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly is installed vertically relative to the sliding plate; a displacement sensing plate is fixed on the pedal, and a fixedly installed displacement sensor is provided above or below the displacement sensing plate.

[0018] A method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention adopts the detection device of the present invention, and the detection process is as follows:

[0019] Step 1: Adjust the pedal height: According to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be tested, the lifting drive mechanism drives the swing rod transmission mechanism to swing, thereby driving the sliding plate to lift and lower. At this time, there is no relative movement between the pedal and the sliding plate, and the pedal rises and falls synchronously with the sliding plate. When the pedal rises and falls to the specified position, the drive mechanism stops working;

[0020] Step 2: Wheel radial runout detection: When the wheel presses on the pedal, the pedal is pressed down by the wheel rim, resulting in a downward displacement along the slide rail. During the pedal descent, the sliding plate remains stationary relative to the fixed plate assembly under the action of the driving mechanism. At this time, the displacement sensor generates a relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate. The displacement of the pedal pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes by is obtained through conversion. The radial runout of the train wheel tread can be obtained by processing the data collected by the displacement sensor within the entire wheel tread circumference.

[0021] Step 3: When the wheel leaves, the pedal returns to its initial position under the action of the elastic element; at this time, the drive mechanism continues to start working, and the drive pedal descends to a specified position, where the wheel rim cannot press the pedal no matter how high the wheel rim is passing by.

[0022] 3. Beneficial effects

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following significant effects:

[0024] (1) The present invention provides an apparatus for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, comprising a pedal, a sliding plate and a fixed plate assembly which are installed on the inner side of a track and are parallel to each other, wherein the sliding plate is connected to a lifting drive mechanism, and when the wheel passes over the pedal surface, the pedal moves downward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate, and at this time, the sliding plate and the fixed plate assembly remain relatively still. By measuring the change in the downward displacement of the pedal relative to the sliding plate within the entire circumference of the tread of the train wheel, the radial runout of the tread of the train wheel can be measured online dynamically, thereby greatly improving the measurement efficiency. In addition, the measurement accuracy and the structural stability of the entire measurement device are significantly improved compared with the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism.

[0025] (2) In the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention, an elastic element is connected between the sliding plate and the pedal, and the pedal can automatically return to the initial position under the restoring force of the elastic element when the wheel leaves. At the same time, the sliding plate is connected to the lifting drive mechanism, and before the train arrives, the sliding plate is driven by the lifting drive mechanism to perform lifting movement, so that the pedal and the sliding plate can be synchronously lifted and lowered under the action of the elastic element, and the initial height of the pedal can be adjusted to meet the measurement requirements of wheels with different rim heights, prevent the wheel from causing a large impact on the pedal, and help ensure the measurement accuracy.

[0026] (3) The present invention is a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the pedal is connected to a pedal balancing mechanism, and the pedal balancing mechanism is a parallelogram swing arm structure. The setting of the pedal balancing mechanism can effectively prevent the pedal from tilting after the wheel presses on the pedal, which is beneficial to ensure that the pedal surface always remains at a level, and further helps to ensure the detection accuracy.

[0027] (4) The present invention is a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the pedal balancing mechanism includes a swing arm, a slider fixing plate and a guide rail seat. When the wheel presses onto the pedal, the pedal exerts a downward pressure on the swing arm during its downward movement, thereby driving the slider fixing plate to move horizontally along the guide rail. The swing arm, the slider fixing plate and the pedal form a parallelogram structure, which effectively prevents the pedal surface from tilting.

[0028] (5) The present invention provides a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the guide rail seat is processed into an L-shaped structure, the second guide rail is installed on the bottom plate of the guide rail seat, and a guide rail seat reinforcement plate is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rail seat, and the guide rail seat and the guide rail seat reinforcement plate are respectively provided with mutually matching limiting ridges and limiting grooves, which is beneficial to ensure that the deformation of the guide rail seat when subjected to force is minimized, thereby improving the rigidity and strength of the overall structure.

[0029] (6) In a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention, guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms are provided at both ends of the sliding plate. The movement of the sliding plate can be guided by the setting of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms, thereby ensuring that the sliding plate can only generate displacement along the direction of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanisms, and preventing the sliding plate from moving downward when the wheel presses on the pedal, thereby facilitating the improvement of the accuracy of the detection result. In addition, an inner lining is provided between the guide sleeve and the guide post of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining, thereby facilitating the full play of the function of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism, and preventing the sliding plate from moving downward with the pedal during the detection process.

[0030] (7) The present invention is a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, wherein the sliding plate is connected to the lifting drive mechanism through a rocker transmission mechanism, and the rocker transmission mechanism includes an upper slider fixing plate, a rocker and a lower slider fixing plate. The present invention uses the rocker transmission mechanism to drive the lower slider fixing plate to move left and right in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing the lifting movement of the sliding plate in the vertical direction. This is beneficial to ensure the smoothness of the lifting movement of the sliding plate and effectively prevent the sliding plate from tilting when the wheel presses over the pedal. On the other hand, it can also effectively save the installation space of the driving mechanism and directly convert the horizontal movement of the output end of the driving mechanism into the lifting movement of the sliding plate.

[0031] (8) The device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention, the fixing plate assembly includes a main fixing plate, end fixing plates located at both ends of the main fixing plate, and an upper sealing plate located at the top of the main fixing plate, the main fixing plate, the end fixing plates and the upper sealing plate together surround to form a box-type structure, thereby further improving the structural strength and stability of the entire detection device and the stability of the relative movement between the sliding plate and the pedal and the fixing plate assembly. An intermediate fixing plate is also provided between the sliding plate and the pedal, thereby further improving the structural stability of the device.

[0032] (9) The method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention optimizes the structure of the online dynamic detection device, so that the wheel radial runout can be detected online in real time, and its detection efficiency and detection accuracy are improved compared with the existing detection device. In addition, by adopting the method of the present invention, the initial height of the pedal assembly can be adjusted according to the wheel rim height of the train wheel, so as to meet the detection requirements of wheels with different wheel rim heights, and effectively reduce the impact caused by the train wheel passing through. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fixing plate assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention (I);

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of the present invention (II);

[0037] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sliding plate lifting drive and transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the base plate assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the lifting drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rocker transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pedal balancing mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pedal balancing mechanism of the present invention (I);

[0043] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the pedal balancing mechanism of the present invention (II);

[0044] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spiral tension spring of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the spring pin of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of the symbols in the schematic diagram:

[0048] 1. Track; 2. Pedal; 3. Sliding plate; 4. Fixed plate assembly; 401. Main fixed plate; 402. End fixed plate; 403. Upper sealing plate; 404. Intermediate fixed plate; 5. Bottom plate assembly; 501. Bottom support plate; 502. First track pressure plate; 503. Pressure plate bolt; 504. Pressure plate nut; 505. Tie rod bolt; 506. Fixing ear; 507. Reinforcement rib; 508. Second track pressure plate; 6. Lifting drive mechanism; 601. Drive motor; 602. Motor mounting seat; 603. Lead screw; 604. Lead screw nut; 605. Lead screw fixing seat; 701. First slide rail; 702. Second slide rail; 703. Third slide rail; 704. Fourth slide rail; 8. Elastic element; 801. Elastic element support; 802. Elastic element adjustment plate; 803. Elastic element support plate; 804, spring pin; 805, hook groove; 901, displacement sensor; 902, sensor mounting seat; 903, displacement sensing plate; 10, rocker transmission mechanism; 1001, upper slider fixing plate; 1002, rocker; 1003, lower slider fixing plate; 1004, first slider; 1005, first guide rail; 1006, nut connecting rod; 11, electromagnetic brake; 12, guide column and guide sleeve mechanism; 1201, guide column; 1202, guide sleeve; 1203, base; 1204, lining; 13, pedal balancing mechanism; 1301, bearing pin; 1302, rocker arm; 1303, slider fixing plate; 1304, second guide rail; 1305, guide rail seat; 1306, second slider; 1307, guide rail seat reinforcement plate; 1308, limiting ridge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is now described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Combination Figure 1-Figure 5 , a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of this embodiment includes a pedal 2, a sliding plate 3 and a fixed plate assembly 4 installed on the inner side of a track 1 and parallel to each other, the sliding plate 3 is connected to the pedal 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 through a slide rail mechanism, the sliding plate 3 is connected to a lifting drive mechanism 6, and an elastic element 8 is connected between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal 2; the pedal 2 is connected to a pedal balancing mechanism 13, and the pedal balancing mechanism 13 and the pedal 2 form a parallelogram swing arm structure.

[0052] The train wheel consists of a tread part and a rim part. The tread is worn out of round due to long-term contact with the track, while the rim does not contact other objects and remains a standard circle. Therefore, when the wheel tread contacts the rail at different positions, the distance from the rim vertex to the rail top surface is different. In this embodiment, a pedal 2 is installed on the track. When the wheel passes, the top surface of the pedal 2 always keeps in contact with the rim vertex. The pedal 2 generates a downward displacement under the pressure of the wheel rim, and the displacement varies with the different contact points between the tread and the track. By collecting the changes in the displacement of the pedal 2 during the wheel passing through the pedal 2, the out-of-round situation of the wheel tread can be described.

[0053] Because in actual use, the wheel rim heights of all wheels on a train will be different, the pedal 2 will be higher than the wheel rim by a certain value as the preload during measurement. The preload value cannot be too large, otherwise the wheel will seriously hit the pedal 2, causing damage to the pedal 2 and reducing the measurement accuracy; the preload value cannot be too small, otherwise the wheel rim will not be able to press the pedal 2, resulting in no data detection. In this embodiment, through the split structural design of the pedal 2, the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4, and the action of the lifting drive mechanism 6, the wheel tread defects can be measured and the initial height of the pedal 2 can be adjusted, thereby meeting the measurement requirements of wheels with different wheel rim heights, reducing the greater impact of the wheel on the pedal 2, and ensuring the measurement accuracy. Specifically, before the train arrives, according to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be measured, the sliding plate 3 is driven to rise and fall relative to the fixed plate assembly 4 through the lifting drive mechanism 6, and under the action of the elastic element 8, the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3 are synchronously lifted and lowered, thereby realizing the adjustment of the initial height of the pedal assembly 2. When the height of the pedal 2 reaches the set value, the lifting drive mechanism 6 stops working.

[0054] When the train wheel presses on the pedal 2, the pedal 2 moves downward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate 3 under the rolling action of the wheel. At this time, the sliding plate 3 does not slide relative to the fixed plate assembly 4 under the support of the lifting drive mechanism 6; and when the train wheel leaves the pedal 2, the pedal 2 gradually and automatically moves upward along the slide rail mechanism relative to the sliding plate 3 under the restoring force of the elastic element 8. By processing the downward displacement data of the pedal 2, the radial runout, tread scratch and wear data of the train wheel tread can be obtained, realizing the online dynamic measurement of the train wheel defects and greatly improving the measurement efficiency. This embodiment optimizes the structure of the detection device, guides the movement of the pedal 2 with the help of the slide rail mechanism, and makes it perform a restoring motion through the action of the elastic element 8, so that the structural stability and measurement accuracy of the measurement device are effectively improved compared with the existing parallelogram measurement mechanism.

[0055] Specifically, if there is no scratch on the wheel tread, the vertical position relative to the rail within the entire tread circumference remains unchanged, and the downward displacement of the pedal 2 remains unchanged; on the contrary, if there is scratch or uneven wear on the wheel tread, the relative height from the tread to the top of the wheel rim changes, and the vertical position of the pedal 2 and the rail also changes relatively. At this time, the change in the vertical height of the pedal 2 is the amount of scratch. At the same time, the downward displacement of the pedal 2 at this time is compared with that of a new wheel without wear, and the wear amount of the wheel tread can be obtained. In this embodiment, a displacement sensing plate 903 is fixed on the pedal 2, and a fixed displacement sensor 901 is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate 903. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the displacement sensing plate 903 rises and falls synchronously with the pedal 2, and the displacement sensor 901 remains fixed. The radial runout of the wheel tread can be directly obtained by the displacement change between the displacement sensor 901 and the displacement sensing plate 903 during the wheel rolling process.

[0056] However, when the wheel presses on the pedal 2 from one side, the pedal 2 will be tilted due to the unilateral force, thereby affecting the measurement result. The pedal balancing mechanism 13 is set in this embodiment to effectively prevent the pedal 2 from tilting after the wheel presses on the pedal 2, which is beneficial to ensure that the surface of the pedal 2 always remains at a level, and further helps to ensure the detection accuracy.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, and the main difference is that: Figure 8-Figure 11The pedal balancing mechanism 13 of this embodiment includes a swing arm 1302, a slider fixing plate 1303 and a guide rail seat 1305, wherein the slider fixing plate 1303 is slidably mounted on the guide rail seat 1305 through a slide rail mechanism, and the two ends of the swing arm 1302 are respectively connected to the slider fixing plate 1303 and the pedal 2 for rotation. Specifically, bearings are respectively installed at the two ends of the swing arm 1302, and the slider fixing plate 1303 and the pedal 2 are respectively connected to the swing arm 1302 for rotation through bearing pins 1301. The slide rail mechanism between the slider fixing plate 1303 and the guide rail seat 1305 includes a second guide rail 1304 mounted on the guide rail seat 1305 and a second slider 1306 mounted on the slider fixing plate 1303. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the pedal 2 moves downward, and at this time, the swing arm 1302 swings downward, pushing the slider fixing plate 1303 to move horizontally along the second guide rail 1304. In this embodiment, the two ends of the pedal 2 are respectively connected to the slider fixing plate 1303 through the swing arms 1302. The lengths of the swing arms are consistent, and the bearing spacings on the two swing arms are consistent, thereby forming a parallelogram swing rod structure together. When the pedal 2 moves up and down, the height of the quadrilateral will change, but it can ensure that the pedal 2 is always in a horizontal state, thereby preventing the tilt of the pedal 2 from affecting the detection result.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 2, and the main difference is that: Fig.10 As shown, the guide rail seat 1305 of this embodiment is processed into an L-shaped structure, the second guide rail 1304 is installed on the bottom plate of the guide rail seat 1305, and a guide rail seat reinforcement plate 1307 is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rail seat 1305, and the guide rail seat 1305 and the guide rail seat reinforcement plate 1307 are also respectively provided with matching limiting ridges 1308 and limiting grooves, thereby effectively ensuring that the deformation of the guide rail seat when subjected to force is minimized, which is beneficial to improving the rigidity and strength of the overall structure.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] The present embodiment is a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, the structure of which is basically the same as that of Embodiment 3, the main difference being that the fixed plate assembly 4 and the pedal balancing mechanism 13 are both fixedly mounted on the base plate assembly 2, and the base plate assembly 2 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the track 1.

[0063] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8The bottom plate assembly 5 of this embodiment includes a bottom support plate 501, on which a first track pressure plate 502 and a second track pressure plate 508 are provided. The first track pressure plate 502 is fixedly connected to the bottom support plate 501 by a pressure plate bolt 503, and the two sides of the bottom of the track 1 are respectively pressed and fixed between the first track pressure plate 502, the second track pressure plate 508 and the bottom support plate 501; the bottom support plate 501 is also provided with a pressure plate nut 504, on which a bite shape that imitates the bottom side of the track 1 is processed, and the pressure plate nut 504 is fixedly connected to the fixing ear 506 at the bottom of the bottom support plate 501 by a pull rod bolt 505. When the tie rod bolt 505 fastens the pressure plate nut 504 through the fixing ear 506, the bite distance between the pressure plate nut 504 and the second rail pressure plate 508 is reduced, so that the bottom plate assembly 5 is tightly fixed to the rail; and then the bottom support plate 501 is further connected and fastened to the rail through the pressure plate bolt 503 and the first rail pressure plate 502. In this embodiment, reinforcing ribs 507 are also provided on both sides of the bottom support plate 501. The bottom support plate 501 and the reinforcing ribs 507 are integrated and can be cast or welded to ensure the rigidity of the entire mechanism to meet the measurement accuracy requirements of the entire mechanism.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 4, and the difference mainly lies in: Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig.12 A guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 12 is provided at both ends of the sliding plate 3, and the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism 12 includes a guide post 1201, a guide sleeve 1202 and a base 1203, wherein the guide sleeve 1202 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the sliding plate 3, and the base 1203 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate assembly 2, and the guide post 1201 passes through the guide sleeve 1202 and is fixedly connected to the base 1203; an inner lining 1204 is also provided between the guide sleeve 1202 and the guide post 1201, and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining 1204.

[0066] The sliding plate 3 will only produce vertical displacement when the height of the pedal 2 needs to be adjusted, that is, when the lifting drive mechanism 6 is working. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the sliding plate 3 remains stationary, and the pedal 2 is displaced relative to the sliding plate 3. The support of the sliding plate 3 is the lifting drive mechanism 6 in the middle, and the restriction of the movement direction depends on the slide rail between the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4. Due to the errors in processing and assembly, it is difficult to ensure that the displacement of the sliding plate 3 during lifting is strictly vertical, and it is also difficult to ensure that the sliding plate 3 does not produce displacement when the wheel presses on the pedal 2. Therefore, this embodiment adds two guide column and guide sleeve mechanisms 12 to the sliding plate 3, so that the sliding plate 3 can be effectively limited to be displaced only in the direction constrained by the guide column and guide sleeve mechanism 12, thereby reducing the measurement error and improving the measurement accuracy. Since an inner lining 1204 is also provided between the guide sleeve 1202 and the guide column 1201 of the guide column and guide sleeve mechanism 12, and a ball is provided on the inner lining, it is conducive to further ensuring that the guide column and guide sleeve mechanism is fully utilized, and preventing the sliding plate from moving downward with the pedal during the detection process.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 5, and the difference lies in that the sliding plate 3 is connected to the driving mechanism through the rocker transmission mechanism 10, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the rocker transmission mechanism 10 of this embodiment includes an upper slider fixing plate 1001, a rocker rod 1002 and a lower slider fixing plate 1003, wherein the two ends of a plurality of parallel rocker rods 1002 are respectively connected to the upper slider fixing plate 1001 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003 for rotation (bearings are respectively installed at the two ends of the rocker rod 1002, and bearing pins matching the bearings are respectively fixed on the upper slider fixing plate 1001 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003, thereby realizing the rotation connection between the rocker rod 1002 and the upper slider fixing plate 1001 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003) and forming a parallelogram mechanism, the upper slider fixing plate 1001 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 3, and the lower slider fixing plate 1003 is connected to the lifting drive mechanism 6 for driving. The lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the lower slider fixing plate 1003 to move in the horizontal direction, and under the action of the rocker rod 1002, the upper slider fixing plate 1001 will move up and down, thereby driving the sliding plate 3 and the pedal 2 to move up and down synchronously. This embodiment sets up a rocker transmission mechanism and optimizes its structure, which, on the one hand, helps to ensure the smoothness of the lifting movement of the sliding plate 3 and effectively prevents the sliding plate 3 from tilting when the wheel passes over the pedal 2. On the other hand, it can also effectively save the installation space of the lifting drive mechanism 6 and directly convert the horizontal movement of the output end of the lifting drive mechanism 6 into the lifting movement of the sliding plate 3.

[0069] Example 7

[0070] The present embodiment is a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, and its structure is basically the same as that of embodiment 6, and the main difference is that the rocker arm transmission mechanism 10 of the present embodiment is slidably connected to the base plate assembly 5 through a slide rail mechanism. Specifically, the slide rail mechanism includes a first slider 1004 and a first guide rail 1005, wherein the first guide rail 1005 is fixedly installed on the base plate assembly 5, and the first slider 1004 is fixedly installed at an interval at the bottom of the lower slider fixing plate 1003. When the lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the lower slider fixing plate 1003, it is easy to make the lower slider fixing plate 1003 move horizontally along the linear guide rail, and it is beneficial to ensure the smooth movement of the rocker arm transmission mechanism 10.

[0071] Example 8

[0072] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 7, and the main difference is that: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 includes a slider and a guide rail that cooperate with each other. In this embodiment, the pedal 2 and the fixed plate assembly 4 are respectively fixedly mounted with sliders, and the sliding plate 3 is correspondingly provided with a guide rail that slidably cooperates with the above-mentioned sliders, wherein the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the fixed plate assembly 4 is vertically installed relative to the sliding plate 3, and the slide rail mechanism between the sliding plate 3 and the pedal 2 is tiltedly installed relative to the sliding plate 3, which is beneficial to improve the structural stability of the entire device and effectively reduce the impact of the wheel on the measuring device.

[0073] Example 9

[0074] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in the embodiment 8, and the main difference is that the lifting drive mechanism 6 is driven by a motor, specifically, Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, the lifting drive mechanism 6 of this embodiment includes a driving motor 601, a lead screw 603 and a lead screw nut 604, wherein the driving motor 601 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bottom support plate 501 through a motor mounting seat 602, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the lead screw 603 through a coupling, and the other end of the lead screw 603 passes through the lead screw nut 604 and is threadedly connected to the lead screw nut 604, and a lead screw fixing seat 605 is fixed on the bottom support plate 501, and the lead screw 603 is installed and supported by the lead screw fixing seat 605. The lead screw nut 604 is fixedly connected to the lower slider fixing plate 1003 of the rocker transmission mechanism 10 through a nut connecting rod 1006. In this embodiment, the lower end of the nut connecting rod 1006 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the lead screw nut 604, and the upper end thereof passes through the bottom support plate 501 and is fixedly connected to the lower slider fixing plate 1003. When the motor rotates, the lead screw 603 is driven to rotate, and the lead screw nut 604 will move back and forth along the horizontal direction with the nut connecting rod 1006 and the lower slider fixing plate 1003, thereby realizing the up and down movement of the sliding plate 3. It should be noted that the lifting drive mechanism 6 is not limited to the specific structure of this embodiment, as long as it can realize the horizontal movement of the lower slider fixing plate 1003, for example, a servo electric cylinder is used to directly replace the drive motor 601 of this embodiment, and the cylinder rod of the servo electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the nut connecting rod 1006.

[0075] Example 10

[0076] The present embodiment is a device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, and its structure is basically the same as that of Embodiment 9, with the main difference being that in the present embodiment, the end of the lead screw 603 is also fixedly connected to the electromagnetic brake 11, and the electromagnetic brake 11 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the bottom support plate 501.

[0077] Due to the needs of the system, when the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the force borne by the pedal 2 at this time will be transmitted to the sliding plate 3 through the elastic element 8. If the sliding plate 3 is displaced, the measurement will be affected, and even the displacement sensor cannot measure the data. At this time, it is particularly important for the sliding plate 3 to keep its position. In this embodiment, an electromagnetic brake 11 is installed at the end of the screw 603. When the motor is driven, the electromagnetic brake 11 opens the brake, and the motor can smoothly move the sliding plate 3 up and down. When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the motor remains stationary, and the electromagnetic brake 11 keeps braking, thereby ensuring that the screw nut 604 does not move horizontally, and the sliding plate 3 does not move up and down, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy.

[0078] Embodiment 11

[0079] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout in this embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 10, and the main difference is that: Figure 2The fixed plate assembly 4 of this embodiment includes a main fixed plate 401, end fixed plates 402 located at both ends of the main fixed plate 401, and an upper sealing plate 403 located at the top of the main fixed plate 401. The main fixed plate 401, the end fixed plate 402 and the upper sealing plate 403 are surrounded together to form a box-type structure. The sliding plate 3 is slidably connected to the pedal 2 through the first slide rail 701, is slidably connected to the main fixed plate 401 through the second slide rail 702, and is slidably connected to the end fixed plate 402 through the third slide rail 703, so that the stability of the entire device structure and the stability of the sliding plate when moving up and down can be further improved, which is conducive to ensuring the measurement accuracy. Furthermore, an intermediate fixed plate 404 is also provided between the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3, and the sliding plate 3 is slidably connected to the intermediate fixed plate 404 through the fourth slide rail 704. The main fixed plate 401, the end fixed plate 402, the upper sealing plate 403 and the intermediate fixed plate 404 are surrounded together to form a relatively closed box-type structure, and the sliding plate 3 is installed inside the box-type fixed plate assembly. In this embodiment, the displacement sensor 901 is fixedly mounted on the upper sealing plate 403 through a sensor mounting seat 902, and the sensor mounting seat 902 is processed into a C-shaped structure.

[0080] Example 12

[0081] The structure of the device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the embodiment 11, and the main difference is that the elastic element 8 can be a spring, specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the elastic element 8 of this embodiment adopts a compression spring structure, which is fixedly mounted on the sliding plate 3 through an elastic element support 801 (a mounting hole with the same diameter as the elastic element is processed on the elastic element support 801), and the pedal 2 is correspondingly provided with an elastic element support plate 803 that acts on the piston rod end of the elastic element 8. The elastic element support plate 803 of this embodiment is processed into a Z shape. In this embodiment, an elastic element adjustment plate 802 is also fixed on the sliding plate 3. The elastic element adjustment plate 802 is L-shaped and fixed to the sliding plate 3 with bolts. A threaded hole is processed on the elastic element adjustment plate 802. A top screw passes through the threaded hole and presses on the elastic element support plate 803 of the pedal, that is, the top screw is used to adjust the spring preload. After adjusting to a predetermined position, a nut is used to tighten the top screw.

[0082] It should be noted that the elastic element 8 specifically includes but is not limited to a coil spring, a gas spring, a liquid spring, a leaf spring, a rubber spring, etc., and its mounting support can be made into different supports according to the shape of the element and the use requirements, as long as the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3 can be elastically connected to each other. Fig.13 When the helical tension spring is used as the elastic element, a spring pin 804 is fixed on the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3. Fig.14As shown, both ends of the coil tension spring are provided with spring hooks, and the spring pin 804 is processed with a hook groove 805 corresponding to the spring hook, and the two ends of the coil tension spring are fixedly mounted on the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3 respectively through the spring hooks.

[0083] A method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout of this embodiment adopts the device of this embodiment, and the detection process is as follows:

[0084] Step 1: Adjust the pedal height: According to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be detected, the lifting drive mechanism 6 drives the swing rod transmission mechanism 10 to swing, thereby driving the sliding plate 3 to lift. At this time, there is no relative movement between the pedal 2 and the sliding plate 3, and the pedal 2 is lifted and lowered synchronously with the sliding plate 3. When the pedal 2 is lifted and lowered to the specified position, the lifting drive mechanism 6 stops working;

[0085] Step 2: Wheel radial runout detection: When the wheel presses on the pedal 2, the pedal 2 is pressed down by the wheel rim, resulting in a downward displacement along the slide rail. During the descent of the pedal 2, the sliding plate 3 remains stationary relative to the fixed plate assembly 4 under the action of the lifting drive mechanism 6. At this time, the displacement sensor 901 generates a relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate 903. The displacement of the pedal 2 pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes by is obtained through conversion. By processing the data collected by the displacement sensor 901 within the entire wheel tread circumference, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be obtained.

[0086] Step 3, when the wheel leaves, the pedal 2 returns to its initial position under the action of the elastic element 8; at this time, the lifting drive mechanism 6 continues to start working, driving the pedal 2 to descend to the specified position, at which position the wheel rim cannot press on the pedal 2 regardless of the height of the wheel rim passing by.

[0087] The present invention and its embodiments are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and designs a structural method and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pedal (2), a sliding plate (3) and a fixed plate assembly (4) which are installed inside a track (1) and are parallel to each other, and a pedal balancing mechanism (13), wherein the fixed plate assembly (4) and the pedal balancing mechanism (13) are both fixedly installed on a bottom plate assembly (5), and the bottom plate assembly (5) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the track (1); the sliding plate (3) and the pedal (2) are connected via a slide rail mechanism, and the sliding plate (3) and the fixed plate assembly (4) are connected via a lifting drive mechanism (6), and an elastic element (8) is connected between the sliding plate (3) and the pedal (2); and the pedal (2) is connected to the pedal balancing mechanism (13).

2. The device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pedal balancing mechanism (13) comprises a swing arm (1302), a slider fixing plate (1303) and a guide rail seat (1305), wherein the slider fixing plate (1303) is slidably mounted on the guide rail seat (1305) via a slide rail mechanism, and the two ends of the swing arm (1302) are rotationally connected to the slider fixing plate (1303) and the pedal (2) respectively.

3. The device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide rail mechanism between the slider fixing plate (1303) and the guide rail seat (1305) comprises a second guide rail (1304) installed on the guide rail seat (1305) and a second slider (1306) installed on the slider fixing plate (1303).

4. The device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide rail seat (1305) is processed into an L-shaped structure, the second guide rail (1304) is installed on the bottom plate of the guide rail seat (1305), and a guide rail seat reinforcement plate (1307) is fixedly provided on the side of the guide rail seat (1305), and the guide rail seat (1305) and the guide rail seat reinforcement plate (1307) are also respectively provided with mutually matching limiting ridges (1308) and limiting grooves.

5. A device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the sliding plate (3) are provided with a guide post and guide sleeve mechanism (12), the guide post and guide sleeve mechanism (12) comprising a guide post (1201), a guide sleeve (1202) and a base (1203), wherein the guide sleeve (1202) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the sliding plate (3), the base (1203) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate assembly (5), the guide post (1201) passes through the guide sleeve (1202) and is fixedly connected to the base (1203); an inner lining (1204) is also provided between the guide sleeve (1202) and the guide post (1201), and a ball bearing is provided on the inner lining (1204).

6. A device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sliding plate (3) is connected to the lifting drive mechanism (6) through a rocker transmission mechanism (10), and the rocker transmission mechanism (10) comprises an upper slider fixing plate (1001), a rocker (1002) and a lower slider fixing plate (1003), wherein the two ends of the rocker (1002) are respectively rotatably connected to the upper slider fixing plate (1001) and the lower slider fixing plate (1003) to form a parallelogram mechanism, the upper slider fixing plate (1001) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (3), and the lower slider fixing plate (1003) is drivingly connected to the lifting drive mechanism (6).

7. The device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower slider fixing plate (1003) is slidably connected to the base plate assembly (5) via a slide rail mechanism, wherein the slide rail mechanism comprises a first slider (1004) mounted on the lower slider fixing plate (1003), and a first guide rail (1005) mounted on the base plate assembly (5) and cooperating with the first slider (1004).

8. A device for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A displacement sensing plate (903) is fixed on the pedal (2), and a fixedly installed displacement sensor (901) is correspondingly provided above or below the displacement sensing plate (903).

9. A method for online dynamic detection of wheel radial runout, characterized in that: Using the device described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the detection process is: Step 1: Adjusting the pedal height: According to the wheel rim height of the train wheel to be inspected, the lifting drive mechanism (6) drives the swing rod transmission mechanism (10) to swing, thereby driving the sliding plate (3) to lift and lower. At this time, there is no relative movement between the pedal (2) and the sliding plate (3), and the pedal (2) rises and falls synchronously with the sliding plate (3). When the pedal (2) rises and falls to a specified position, the drive mechanism (6) stops working; Step 2, wheel radial runout detection: when the wheel presses on the pedal (2), the pedal (2) is pressed down by the wheel rim, resulting in a downward displacement along the slide rail direction. During the process of the pedal (2) descending, the sliding plate (3) remains stationary relative to the fixed plate assembly (4) under the action of the driving mechanism (6). At this time, the displacement sensor (901) generates a relative displacement relative to the displacement sensing plate (903). The displacement of the pedal (2) pressed down by the wheel rim when the wheel passes by is obtained through conversion. By processing the data collected by the displacement sensor (901) within the entire wheel tread circumference, the radial runout of the train wheel tread can be obtained. Step 3: When the wheel leaves, the pedal (2) returns to its initial position under the action of the elastic element (8); at this time, the drive mechanism (6) continues to start working, driving the pedal (2) to descend to a specified position, at which the wheel rim cannot press on the pedal (2) regardless of the height of the wheel rim of the wheel passing by.

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