A desktop universal full-abrasive grinding device

Abstract

The present application discloses a table-type universal full-abrasive grinding device, including a base, a main grinding head is installed on the base, and the main grinding head includes a plurality of coaxially arranged grinding tools; an adjusting wheel system for driving the workpiece to rotate and move axially is installed on the side of the main grinding head, and the main grinding head, the adjusting wheel system and the workpiece support together constitute an external cylindrical grinding device for centerless external cylindrical grinding of the workpiece; a surface grinding manual workbench is installed below the main grinding head, and a belt grinding head for grinding the workpiece surface with a belt is installed above the main grinding head, and the main grinding head, the surface grinding manual workbench and the belt grinding head together constitute a surface grinding device for surface grinding of the workpiece; an internal cylindrical grinding device and a hand-held grinding device are arranged on the base, including a hand-held tool grinding device and a hand-held workpiece grinding device. The device has a compact structure and an ingenious and reasonable layout, and can complete the rough processing, fine processing and grinding and polishing of various surfaces such as external circles, planes, internal circles and curved surfaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the fields of mechanical engineering and grinding processing, and in particular to a desktop universal grinding tool grinding processing device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the small desktop grinders used in grinding processing are all small tool grinders, which are mainly used for grinding turning tools, drill bits and other cutting tools. The small handheld grinding machines involved mainly include angle grinders, hanging grinders, portable belt grinders, and pistol-type belt grinders, which are mainly used for grinding welds, removing flash or burrs; or used for mold polishing, etc.

[0003] The existing grinding processing devices have the following problems: 1. The functions are single and the processing types are limited; 2. Manual control is not easy to ensure the accuracy or consistency of the processing surface, and requires a high level of technical skills from the operator, with high labor intensity and low efficiency; 3. There are few types of configured or replaceable grinding tools, such as a single belt machine or a single grinding wheel machine. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a multifunctional desktop universal full-abrasive grinding device suitable for full-abrasive tools, so as to realize the surface grinding of various types of workpieces combining motorized and manual operations.

[0005] In order to achieve the above tasks, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A desktop universal full-grinding tool grinding device comprises a base, on which a main grinding head driven by a main motor is mounted, wherein the main grinding head comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged grinding tools;

[0007] An adjusting wheel system for driving the workpiece to rotate and move axially is installed on the side of the main grinding head, and a workpiece holder for placing the workpiece is arranged between the adjusting wheel system and the main grinding head. The main grinding head, the adjusting wheel system and the workpiece holder together constitute an external cylindrical grinding device for performing centerless external cylindrical grinding on the workpiece;

[0008] A manual surface grinding workbench is installed below the main grinding head, a movable workbench for driving the workpiece to move below the main grinding head is provided in the manual surface grinding workbench, and a workpiece fixing area corresponding to the grinding tool is provided on the movable workbench; a belt grinding head for grinding the surface of the workpiece by means of a sanding belt is installed above the main grinding head, and the main grinding head, the manual surface grinding workbench and the belt grinding head together constitute a surface grinding device for surface grinding of the workpiece;

[0009] The base is provided with an internal grinding device, which drives an internal grinding wheel to grind the inner hole of the workpiece, or uses a grinding belt to pass through the inner hole of the workpiece to grind the inner hole;

[0010] A handheld grinding device is arranged on the base, including a handheld tool grinding device and a handheld workpiece grinding device, wherein the handheld tool grinding device includes a hanging grinder, and the handheld workpiece grinding device includes a polishing wheel and an auxiliary bracket arranged under the main grinding head for supporting the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, the main grinding head comprises a main grinding head bracket, a main grinding head spindle and a grinding tool, wherein the grinding tool comprises a grinding belt grinding head contact wheel, a grinding wheel and a polyurethane soft grinding wheel;

[0012] A pair of main grinding head brackets are provided, the bottom of the main grinding head brackets is fixed on the base, and the two ends of the main grinding head spindle are movably connected to the bearing holes provided on the main grinding head brackets; the main motor is arranged on the base, and the left end of the main grinding head spindle is connected to the output shaft of the right end of the main motor through a coupling;

[0013] The main grinding head spindle is a stepped shaft, the belt grinding head contact wheel is inserted from the left end of the main grinding head spindle, and is fixed after being limited by the shaft shoulder; the grinding wheel is inserted from the right end of the main grinding head spindle, and is fixed after being limited by the shaft shoulder; the polyurethane soft grinding wheel is inserted from the right end of the main grinding head spindle, and is fixed after being limited by the shaft shoulder.

[0014] Further, the adjusting wheel system comprises an adjusting wheel bracket, a hyperbolic adjusting wheel, a slave V-belt pulley, an adjusting wheel motor, a master V-belt pulley, an α-angle wedge, and an adjusting wheel spindle;

[0015] The hyperbolic adjusting wheel is fixedly mounted on the adjusting wheel main shaft, a pair of adjusting wheel brackets are provided, and the two ends of the adjusting wheel main shaft are movably connected to the bearing holes on the adjusting wheel bracket; wherein the bearing hole on the right adjusting wheel bracket is a split structure, and the upper half of the bearing hole is an openable bearing upper cover; the adjusting wheel motor is mounted on the adjusting wheel bracket, located on one side of the left adjusting wheel bracket, the main V-belt pulley is mounted on the output shaft of the adjusting wheel motor, the slave V-belt pulley is connected to the left end of the adjusting wheel main shaft, and is connected to the main V-belt pulley through a V-belt;

[0016] The α-angle wedge is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting wheel bracket, so that an α-angle is formed between the adjusting wheel main shaft and the base; by adjusting the position of the α-angle wedge at the bottom of the adjusting wheel bracket, the axis height of the hyperbolic adjusting wheel can be adjusted.

[0017] Further, the surface grinding manual workbench includes a screw guide rail support, a tapered roller bearing, a hand wheel, a rectangular screw, a screw nut, a circular guide rail and the movable workbench;

[0018] Wherein, the screw guide rail support is installed on the base below the main grinding head, the two ends of the rectangular screw are installed on the screw guide rail support through tapered roller bearings, the handwheel is installed on the outer side of the screw guide rail support, and the handwheel is fixedly connected to the end of the rectangular screw; a pair of circular guide rails are arranged on both sides of the rectangular screw on the screw guide rail support, and the two ends of the circular guide rails are connected to the screw guide rail support; the screw nut and a pair of circular guide sleeves are arranged at the bottom of the movable workbench, wherein the screw nut is assembled on the rectangular screw, and the circular guide sleeve is assembled on the circular guide rail and has a clearance fit;

[0019] The movable workbench is provided with three workpiece fixing areas corresponding to the sanding belt grinding head contact wheel, grinding wheel and polyurethane soft grinding wheel in the main grinding head respectively. When performing a surface grinding operation, the workpiece to be ground is fixed on the corresponding workpiece fixing area using a clamp according to the grinding requirements, and then the hand wheel is shaken to drive the movable workbench to move with the cooperation of the lead screw nut and the rectangular lead screw, so that the main grinding head is used to perform surface grinding on the workpiece.

[0020] Furthermore, the abrasive belt grinding head comprises an abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel, a pressure grinding plate, a top tensioning wheel, a movable bracket, a spring, an empty sleeve tensioning wheel, a tensioning wheel bracket and the abrasive belt;

[0021] The tension wheel bracket is fixed to the upper part of the main grinding head bracket, and the idle sleeve tension wheel is installed on one side of the tension wheel bracket through the wheel frame, and the position of the idle sleeve tension wheel on the wheel frame is adjustable; the movable bracket is installed on the top of the tension wheel bracket through the inner hole, the spring is sleeved on the outside of the movable bracket and matched with the inner hole gap, the top tension wheel is fixedly installed on the top of the movable bracket, the sand belt is sleeved on the sand belt grinding head contact wheel, and bypasses the idle sleeve tension wheel and the top tension wheel, and the sand belt is tensioned through the top tension wheel under the action of the spring elastic force;

[0022] The grinding plate is arranged on the other side of the tension wheel bracket. The grinding plate is located below the abrasive belt and is fixed to the tension wheel bracket through studs and locking nuts. The position of the grinding plate can be adjusted by rotating the studs and locking nuts.

[0023] For a handheld workpiece, when the contact wheel of the abrasive belt grinding head drives the abrasive belt to rotate, the handheld workpiece is brought into contact with the abrasive belt on the surface of the pressure grinding plate to achieve surface grinding of the handheld workpiece.

[0024] Further, the internal grinding device comprises a first internal grinding device, and the first internal grinding device comprises an internal grinding hollow shaft, an internal grinding support, an expanding and contracting tool holder, and an internal grinding wheel;

[0025] The inner cylindrical grinding support is arranged on the side of the main motor, and both ends of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft are installed on the inner cylindrical grinding support. A slave V-belt pulley is fixed to the left end of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft. A main V-belt pulley is installed on the left end output shaft of the main motor and is connected with the slave V-belt pulley through a V-belt, so as to realize the transmission of the output power of the left end output shaft of the main motor to the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft; an inner hole with a Morse taper is opened inwardly at the right end of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft, and a corresponding Morse taper expanding and contracting tool clamp is detachably installed in the inner hole; the expanding and contracting tool clamp clamps the shank of the inner cylindrical grinding wheel, and under the action of the main motor, drives the inner cylindrical grinding wheel to rotate at a high speed, so as to realize the grinding of the workpiece that needs to be ground internally.

[0026] Furthermore, the internal cylindrical grinding device also includes a second internal cylindrical grinding device, which includes a driving wheel, a tensioning wheel and a grinding belt, wherein the driving wheel is installed on the output shaft at the left end of the main motor, the tensioning wheel is installed on the left end of the internal cylindrical grinding hollow shaft, and the grinding belt is arranged on the driving wheel and the tensioning wheel; the grinding belt is a detachable grinding belt.

[0027] Furthermore, the handheld tool grinding device includes a flexible shaft joint, a flexible shaft and the hanging grinder, one end of the flexible shaft is connected to the hanging grinder, and the other end is inserted into the inner hole of the output shaft at the left end of the main motor through the flexible shaft joint and fixed, thereby transmitting the power of the main motor to the hanging grinder.

[0028] Furthermore, the auxiliary bracket in the handheld workpiece grinding device is arranged on one side below the main grinding head and above the screw guide rail support, and the auxiliary bracket is fixed on the base. When the workpiece is handheld for grinding, the workpiece is placed on the auxiliary bracket, and the three positions of the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel, grinding wheel, and polyurethane soft grinding wheel are respectively cooperated to achieve rough grinding, fine grinding and fine polishing or grinding of the workpiece.

[0029] Furthermore, the handheld workpiece grinding device also includes a polishing wheel for handheld workpiece operation, and the polishing wheel can be a wool wheel or a cloth wheel.

[0030] This application has the following technical features:

[0031] 1. The grinding processing device proposed in this application has 14 workstations and cooperates with various abrasive tools to realize all-round grinding, polishing, grinding and other manual or motorized operations, and almost accumulates all grinding and polishing functions, including rough processing, fine processing and grinding and polishing of various surfaces such as outer circles, planes, inner circles and curved surfaces; there are both coated abrasive tools and bonded abrasive tools, as well as ultra-finishing abrasive tools or accessories for polishing and grinding.

[0032] 2. The process of this device is convenient and simple to implement, and the clamping and adjustment operations are easy. The device has a compact structure and a clever layout. It fully and reasonably utilizes the main grinding head and has low cost. It has both manual operation and motorized implementation methods. It can be used for a single function or for multiple functions at the same time.

[0033] 3. Using the cylindrical grinding device to perform centerless grinding on small cylindrical workpieces can solve the inherent problem of insufficient workpiece rigidity in center grinding. It can be completed at one time by integrating rough machining, fine machining and polishing. The abrasive belt ensures efficiency, the grinding wheel ensures accuracy, and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel ensures low roughness.

[0034] 4. Suitable for grinding small and fine workpieces with various types of surfaces. The outer circle and plane of small workpieces can be adjusted to meet different size requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the device;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA partial cross-sectional view;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The local projection diagram in C direction;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Local projection diagram in direction B.

[0039] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1 base, 2 centerless grinding of external cylindrical workpiece, 3 bolt, 4 main motor, 5 main V-belt pulley, 6 V-belt, 7 rectangular key, 8 flexible shaft joint, 9 fastening screw, 10 nut, 11 gasket, 12 spacer, 13 polishing wheel, 14 flexible shaft, 15 hanging grinder, 16 nut, 17 gasket, 18 from V-belt pulley, 19 sealing ring, 20 transparent cover, 21 angular contact bearing, 22 internal grinding hollow shaft, 23 internal grinding support, 24 angular contact bearing, 25 transparent cover, 26 expansion and contraction tool holder, 27 motor support, 28 internal grinding wheel, 29 workpiece for grinding internal circle, 30 coupling sleeve, 31 coupling rectangular key, 32 main grinding head support, 33 angular contact bearing, 34 locking nut, 35 auxiliary support, 36 abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel, 37 screw guide support, 38 grinding wheel, 39 tapered roller bearing, 40 handwheel, 41 rectangular screw, 42 screw nut, 43 movable workbench, 44 circular guide, 45 polyurethane Soft grinding wheel, 46 grinding wheel pressure plate, 47 main grinding head bracket, 48 locking nut, 49 positioning pin hole, 50 bearing hole, 51 angular contact bearing, 52 main grinding head spindle, 53 nut and gasket, 54 adjusting wheel bracket, 55 hyperbolic adjusting wheel, 56 from the V-belt pulley, 57 adjusting wheel motor, 58 position adjustment bolt, 59 locking nut, 60 bolt, 61 grinding plane workpiece, 62 grinding belt, 63 stud, 64 grinding plate, 65 top tensioning wheel, 66 hexagon Nut, 67 movable bracket, 68 spring, 69 empty sleeve tensioner, 70 tensioner bracket, 71 workpiece bracket, 72 main V-belt pulley, 73 α angle wedge, 74 bolt, 75 angular contact bearing, 76 rectangular key, 77 adjusting wheel main shaft, 78 bearing cover, 79 angular contact bearing, 80 bolt, 81 bolt, 82 tensioner, 83 sanding belt, 84 soft rubber plug, 85 workpiece for grinding inner circle, 86 rectangular key, 87 left end output shaft, 88 driving wheel, 89 bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technologies and devices, the present application provides a small-scale full-abrasive grinding processing device that is suitable for full-abrasive multi-functions based on the idea of ​​"small equipment and large integration". The device can be installed with the following grinding tools at the same time: sanding belts, grinding wheels, polyurethane soft grinding wheels, wool wheels (used with grinding paste), polishing cloth wheels, etc., to achieve different needs such as rough grinding, fine grinding, polishing and grinding; various types of surface grinding operations combining motorized and manual operations can be achieved, and the outer cylindrical surface, plane, inner hole, and curved surface within the adjustable size range can be ground simultaneously or separately. Manual operation can be handheld machine operation or handheld workpiece operation; there can be 14 different grinding operation stations, which provide more advanced scientific methods, technical means and hardware facilities for related application industries, especially small workpieces and special-shaped workpieces in handicraft workshops. The present application provides a desktop universal full-abrasive grinding processing device, all components and accessories of which are installed on the base, specifically including the following contents:

[0041] 1. Main grinding head

[0042] See also Figure 1 The main grinding head of the present application mainly includes main grinding head brackets 32, 47, a grinding wheel pressure plate 46, a main grinding head spindle 52 and a grinding tool, wherein the grinding tool can be a belt grinding head contact wheel 36, a grinding wheel 38, and a polyurethane soft grinding wheel 45.

[0043] The main grinding head brackets 32 and 47 are provided in pairs, and the bottoms of the main grinding head brackets 32 and 47 are fixed to the base 1 by bolts and pins. Figure 2 As shown. Both ends of the main grinding head spindle 52 are connected to the bearing holes 50 arranged on the main grinding head brackets 32 and 47 through angular contact bearings 33 and 51 and their end covers and sealing components, and positioning pin holes 49. The main motor 4 is arranged on the base 1, and the left end of the main grinding head spindle 52 is connected to the output shaft of the right end of the main motor 4 through the coupling sleeve 30 and the coupling rectangular key 31.

[0044] The main grinding head spindle 52 is a stepped shaft, including a first shaft body at the left end, a second shaft body at the middle, and a third shaft body at the right end, wherein the diameter of the second shaft body is larger than the diameter of the third shaft body, and adjacent shaft bodies are separated by shaft shoulders. The abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel 36 penetrates from the left end of the main grinding head spindle 52 to the first shaft body, is limited by the shaft shoulder, connected by a rectangular key, and fixed by an end cover and a locking nut 34; the grinding wheel 38 penetrates from the right end of the main grinding head spindle 52 to the second shaft body, is limited by the shaft shoulder, and is fixed by two grinding wheel pressure plates 46 and locking nuts 48 on both sides; the polyurethane soft grinding wheel 45 penetrates from the right end of the main grinding head spindle 52 to the third shaft body, is limited by the shaft shoulder, and is fixed by two end covers and locking nuts.

[0045] When the right end output shaft of the main motor 4 rotates, the main grinding head spindle 52 is driven to rotate through the coupling sleeve 30 and the coupling rectangular key 31, thereby driving the belt grinding head contact wheel 36, the grinding wheel 38, and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel 45 to rotate, so as to cooperate with different accessories to realize different grinding processing functions.

[0046] In this solution, the same set of main grinding heads is used for centerless external cylindrical grinding, surface grinding and hand-held workpiece grinding and polishing, wherein the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel 36 is used for rough machining, the grinding wheel 38 is used for fine machining, and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel 45 is used for polishing.

[0047] 2. Cylindrical grinding device

[0048] The cylindrical grinding device includes the main grinding head, the regulating wheel system and the V-shaped workpiece support 71 .

[0049] Adjusting wheel system, see Figure 1 and Figure 3, including an adjusting wheel bracket 54 , a hyperbolic adjusting wheel 55 , a slave V-belt pulley 56 , an adjusting wheel motor 57 , a main V-belt pulley 72 , an α-angle wedge block 73 , and an adjusting wheel main shaft 77 .

[0050] The adjusting wheel system is installed on one side of the main grinding head, and the centerless grinding of the outer circle of the workpiece is realized through the cooperation of the adjusting wheel system, the workpiece bracket 71 and the main grinding head. The hyperboloid adjusting wheel 55 is installed on the adjusting wheel main shaft 77 through the rectangular key 76 and the clamping rings at the left and right ends. The adjusting wheel bracket 54 is provided with a pair, and the two ends of the adjusting wheel main shaft 77 are connected to the bearing holes on the adjusting wheel bracket 54 through the shaft shoulders, angular contact bearings 75, 79 and their end covers and sealing components. The bearing hole on the right adjusting wheel bracket 54 is a split structure, and the upper half of the bearing hole is an openable bearing cover 78, so as to facilitate the installation and disassembly maintenance of the hyperboloid adjusting wheel 55. The adjusting wheel motor 57 is installed on the adjusting wheel bracket 54 through bolts 74, located on one side of the adjusting wheel bracket 54 on the left, and the main V-belt pulley 72 is installed on the output shaft of the adjusting wheel motor 57. The slave V-belt pulley 56 is connected to the left end of the adjusting wheel main shaft 77 through a rectangular key and a nut gasket, and is connected to the main V-belt pulley 72 through a V-belt. The torque of the output shaft of the adjusting wheel motor 57 is transmitted to the hyperbolic adjusting wheel 55 through the V-belt, so that the hyperbolic adjusting wheel 55 performs centerless grinding of the outer circle of the workpiece, driving the workpiece to rotate at a low speed and move axially.

[0051] The bottom of the adjusting wheel bracket 54 is provided with an α-angle wedge 73, and the adjusting wheel bracket 54 is fixed to the rectangular adjusting hole on the base 1 by bolts 80 on both sides of the α-angle wedge 73, so that an α angle is formed between the adjusting wheel spindle 77 and the base, and the hyperboloid adjusting wheel 55 forms an α angle with the external cylindrical workpiece to be centerlessly ground, meeting specific grinding requirements. By adjusting the position of the α-angle wedge 73 at the bottom of the adjusting wheel bracket 54, the axis height of the hyperboloid adjusting wheel 55 can be adjusted.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the workpiece support 71 is arranged between the main grinding head and the adjusting wheel system, and the workpiece support 71 is used to mount the outer cylindrical workpiece 2 that needs to be centerless ground. When centerless grinding is performed, the outer cylindrical workpiece 2 rotates under the hyperboloid adjusting wheel 55 and moves axially, and is respectively rough-machined, fine-machined and fine-polished after passing through the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel 36, the grinding wheel 38 and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel 45. In addition, a polishing cloth wheel or a wool wheel can also be installed at the other end (left end) of the main motor 4, and fine grinding and polishing of the complex curved surface of a handheld small workpiece can be achieved with the aid of abrasive paste.

[0053] The adjusting wheel bracket 54 can be adjusted in axial position through the α angle wedge block 73 and the rectangular adjusting hole on the base 1, and then fixed by bolts 80 after adjustment, so that it can adapt to the surface grinding of external cylindrical workpieces 2 with different diameters.

[0054] 3. Surface grinding device

[0055] The surface grinding device comprises the main grinding head, a surface grinding manual workbench and a sanding belt grinding head.

[0056] 3.1 Surface grinding manual workbench

[0057] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the manual surface grinding workbench includes a screw guide rail support 37, a tapered roller bearing 39, a hand wheel 40, a rectangular screw 41, a screw nut 42, a movable workbench 43, and a circular guide rail 44.

[0058] The screw guide rail support 37 is installed on the base 1 below the main grinding head, and the two ends of the rectangular screw 41 are installed on the screw guide rail support 37 through tapered roller bearings 39 and end cover sealing components. The handwheel 40 is installed on the outer side of the screw guide rail support 37, and the handwheel 40 is fixedly connected to the end of the rectangular screw 41 through a nut and a gasket. A pair of circular guide rails 44 are arranged on both sides of the rectangular screw 41 on the screw guide rail support 37, and the two ends of the circular guide rails 44 are connected to the screw guide rail support 37 through nuts and gaskets 53. The screw nut 42 and a pair of circular guide sleeves are arranged at the bottom of the movable workbench 43, wherein the screw nut 42 is assembled on the rectangular screw 41, and the circular guide sleeve is assembled on the circular guide rail 44 and has a clearance fit.

[0059] The movable workbench 43 is provided with three workpiece fixing areas corresponding to the sanding belt grinding head contact wheel 36, the grinding wheel 38 and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel 45 in the main grinding head respectively. When performing a surface grinding operation, the workpiece 61 to be ground is fixed to the corresponding workpiece fixing area using a clamp according to the grinding requirements, and then the handwheel 40 is shaken, and the movable workbench 43 is driven to move with the cooperation of the screw nut 42 and the rectangular screw 41, so that the main grinding head is used to perform surface grinding on the workpiece.

[0060] Furthermore, the lead screw guide rail support 37 is fixed to a pair of lugs of the base 1 by means of a locking nut 59, and a position adjustment bolt 58 is provided at the lower part of the base, which passes through the base 1 and the end of which contacts the bottom of the lead screw guide rail support 37. After loosening the locking nut 59, the position adjustment bolt 58 is rotated, and during the movement of the position adjustment bolt 58, the lead screw guide rail support 37 is driven to adjust its position up and down, and after adjustment, it is fixed by means of the locking nut 59, so that the height of the movable workbench 43 can be adjusted to grind planes of different thicknesses.

[0061] 3.2 Belt grinding head

[0062] See also Figure 2 The abrasive belt grinding head includes an abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel 36 , an abrasive belt 62 , a pressure grinding plate 64 , a top tensioning wheel 65 , a movable bracket 67 , a spring 68 , an empty sleeve tensioning wheel 69 and a tensioning wheel bracket 70 .

[0063] The tension wheel bracket 70 is fixed to the upper part of the main grinding head bracket 37, 42 by bolts, and the idle tension wheel 69 is installed on one side of the tension wheel bracket 70 through the wheel frame, and the position of the idle tension wheel 69 on the wheel frame is adjustable; the movable bracket 67 is installed on the top of the tension wheel bracket 70 through the inner hole, the spring 68 is sleeved on the outside of the movable bracket 67 and matches with the inner hole gap, and the top tension wheel 65 is fixedly installed on the top of the movable bracket 67 by the hexagonal nut 66. The sanding belt 62 is sleeved on the sanding belt grinding head contact wheel 36, and bypasses the idle tension wheel 69 and the top tension wheel 65. Under the elastic force of the spring 68, the sanding belt 62 is tensioned through the top tension wheel 65.

[0064] The grinding plate 64 is arranged on the other side of the tension wheel bracket 70. The grinding plate 64 is located below the abrasive belt 62 and is fixed to the tension wheel bracket 70 through studs 63 and locking nuts. The position of the grinding plate 64 can be adjusted by rotating the studs 63 and the locking nuts.

[0065] For a handheld workpiece, when the abrasive belt 62 is driven to rotate by the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel 36, the handheld workpiece is brought into contact with the abrasive belt 62 on the surface of the pressure grinding plate 64, thereby achieving surface grinding of the handheld workpiece.

[0066] 4. Internal grinding device

[0067] There are two ways to achieve internal cylindrical grinding: one is to use a small grinding wheel with a suitable fixture, and the other is to use an abrasive belt to pass through the inner hole of the workpiece, then connect it to form a closed loop, and use a soft rubber plug to apply pressure to achieve grinding and polishing.

[0068] This embodiment provides two internal grinding devices, see Figure 1The first internal grinding device includes an internal grinding hollow shaft 22 , an internal grinding support 23 , an expanding and contracting tool holder 26 , and an internal grinding wheel 28 .

[0069] Among them, the inner cylindrical grinding support 23 is arranged on the side of the main motor 4, and the angular contact bearings 21 and 24 are installed at both ends of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft 22, which are movably installed on the inner cylindrical grinding support 23 in combination with the sealing ring 19, the transparent cover 20 and 25. The left end of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft 22 is fixed with a slave V-belt pulley 18 through a nut 16, a gasket 17 and a rectangular key. The main V-belt pulley 5 is installed on the left end output shaft 87 of the main motor 4 and is connected to the slave V-belt pulley 18 through a V-belt 6, so as to realize the transmission of the output power of the left end output shaft 87 of the main motor 4 to the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft 22. The right end of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft 22 is provided with a No. 5 Morse taper inner hole, and a corresponding No. 5 Morse taper expansion and contraction tool holder 26 is detachably installed in the inner hole. The expanding and contracting tool holder 26 clamps the handle of the inner grinding wheel 28 and, under the action of the main motor 4, drives the inner grinding wheel 28 to rotate at a high speed to achieve the grinding process of the workpiece 29 that needs to be ground on the inner circle.

[0070] See also Figure 4 The second internal grinding device includes a driving wheel 88, a tensioning wheel 82 and an abrasive belt 83. The second internal grinding device can be regarded as replacing the main V-belt pulley 5 on the output shaft 87 at the left end of the main motor 4 of the first internal grinding device with the driving wheel 88, replacing the secondary V-belt pulley 18 at the left end of the internal grinding hollow shaft 22 with the tensioning wheel 82, and replacing the V-belt 6 with the abrasive belt 83.

[0071] The abrasive belt 83 is a thin and narrow detachable abrasive belt. After the abrasive belt 83 is disassembled, it is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece 85 whose inner circle needs to be ground, and then the abrasive belt 83 is connected. The power of the output shaft 87 at the left end of the main motor 4 is transmitted to the driving wheel 88 through the rectangular key, and then transmitted to the abrasive belt 83 and the tension wheel 82, so as to realize the high-speed operation of the abrasive belt 83. A soft rubber plug 84 for pressing the abrasive belt 83 is arranged in the inner hole of the workpiece 85. During the grinding operation, the soft rubber plug 84 can make the abrasive belt 83 close to the inner hole of the workpiece 85 to achieve the purpose of grinding and polishing; and the soft rubber plug 84 is pushed to reciprocate along the axial direction, so that the inner hole length of the workpiece 85 can be ground and polished.

[0072] The main motor 4 is fixed to the motor support 27 by bolts 89. The motor support 27 is provided with a strip-shaped fixing hole. The inner grinding support 23 is fixed to the strip-shaped fixing hole by bolts to adjust the distance between the inner grinding support 23 and the main motor 4 to tighten the abrasive belt 83 or the V-belt 6. The motor support 27 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts 81.

[0073] 5.Handheld grinding device

[0074] The handheld grinding device includes a handheld tool grinding device and a handheld workpiece grinding device, wherein:

[0075] 5.1 Handheld tool grinding device

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown, the hand-held tool grinding device includes a flexible shaft joint 8, a flexible shaft 14 and a hanging grinder 15. One end of the flexible shaft 14 is connected to the hanging grinder 15, and the other end is inserted into the inner hole of the output shaft 87 at the left end of the main motor 4 through the flexible shaft joint 8 and fixed by the fastening screw 9, so as to transmit the power of the main motor 4 to the main shaft and the grinding tool of the hanging grinder 15, so as to grind and polish the inner cavity of a relatively large mold or other workpieces.

[0077] 5.2 Handheld workpiece grinding device

[0078] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the handheld workpiece grinding device can realize handheld grinding at four positions, including an auxiliary bracket 35 arranged on one side below the main grinding head and above the screw guide rail support 37. The auxiliary bracket 35 is fixed to the base 1 by bolts 60. When the workpiece is handheld for grinding, the workpiece is placed on the auxiliary bracket 35, and the three positions of the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel 36, the grinding wheel 38, and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel 45 can respectively cooperate to realize rough grinding, fine grinding and fine polishing or grinding of the workpiece.

[0079] The handheld workpiece grinding device also includes a polishing wheel 13 for handheld workpiece operation. The polishing wheel 13 is connected to the left end output shaft 87 of the main motor 4 through a rectangular key 7, and is fixed by a nut 10, a gasket 11, and a spacer 12. The polishing wheel 13 can be a wool wheel or a cloth wheel, and fine grinding and polishing can be achieved by matching abrasive pastes of different particle sizes.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present application:

[0081] For the external cylindrical grinding of workpieces: there are three stations for external cylindrical grinding of workpieces, namely, the V-shaped bracket and the adjusting wheel system cooperate with the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel, grinding wheel and polyurethane soft grinding wheel in the main grinding head to perform different external cylindrical grinding operations. For the centerless external cylindrical grinding of slender rods, the workpiece with a diameter of φ0.5 to 10mm can be reduced from Ra0.8μm to Ra0.05μm after rough grinding with abrasive belt, fine grinding with grinding wheel and polishing with polyurethane soft grinding wheel, and it will not bend or deform.

[0082] For surface grinding of workpieces: There are four stations for surface grinding of workpieces, namely the three workpiece fixing areas corresponding to the main grinding head on the movable workbench in the surface grinding device, and the grinding plate on the belt grinding head. The thickness of the workpiece surface that can be ground ranges from 0.5mm to 10mm. It can be rough ground with abrasive belt grinding, then fine ground with grinding wheel grinding, and finally polished with polyurethane soft grinding wheel, which takes care of both efficiency and accuracy. For the plane of the workpiece with holes, the hole edge can be deburred or chamfered. Reduce the speed of the main grinding head, and with the belt grinding head or the polyurethane soft grinding wheel, with the hand-cranked feed, the directional drawing operation of the smooth surface can also be carried out. The surface grinding or polishing of the hand-held workpiece can also be carried out using the grinding plate.

[0083] For the internal grinding of the workpiece: There are two stations for the internal grinding of the workpiece, namely the internal grinding wheel on the first internal grinding device and the sanding belt on the second internal grinding device. The output shaft 87 at the left end of the main motor outputs power. One is the V-belt speed increase transmission with the fixture to use a small grinding wheel to grind the inner hole of φ5 to 50mm; for the inner hole with a diameter less than φ5, the V-belt wheel is replaced with the tensioning wheel and driving wheel of the sanding belt, and the open sanding belt is inserted into the hole, and then the joint is fixed. When the sanding belt rotates, it cooperates with the soft rubber plug to reciprocate and apply pressure to the inner hole to achieve the purpose of grinding and polishing.

[0084] For the grinding of curved surfaces (special-shaped surfaces): There are five stations for curved surface grinding, including the hanging grinder in the handheld tool grinding device, three places in the handheld workpiece grinding device that use auxiliary brackets to cooperate with the main grinding head, and the polishing wheel of the handheld workpiece grinding device. For the grinding and polishing of larger cavity curved surface workpieces such as plastic molds or die-casting molds, a handheld tool is used, that is, the other end (left end) of the main motor is quickly connected to the flexible shaft to drive the hanging grinder. The hanging grinder can be adapted to various types of fine grinding wheels, wool wheels and grinding pastes to achieve grinding, grinding and polishing, and the lowest roughness can reach 0.01μm mirror effect. For various types of curved surfaces of odd-shaped small workpieces, a handheld workpiece grinding and polishing method is adopted. The handheld grinding auxiliary bracket can be used to manually grasp the workpiece according to the needs. After rough grinding with abrasive belts, fine grinding with grinding wheels and polishing with polyurethane soft grinding wheels, the polishing wheel (wool wheel or polishing cloth wheel) driven by the output of the left end of the main motor can be further used with grinding pastes of different particle sizes to achieve fine grinding and polishing.

[0085] This device is an all-around small machine tool that integrates all grinding tools to complete various grinding operations. It is mainly used for various small workpieces and is suitable for various workshops to replace the hard work of pure manual work by craftsmen, such as watch repair, reproduction, art carving, jade polishing. On the other hand, it can also help improve the accuracy and surface quality and improve work efficiency compared to pure manual work.

[0086] Of course, by enlarging its size ratio, large and medium-sized all-round grinders can also be manufactured. At this time, many manual feeds or operations can be equipped with electric motors or fixtures to implement motorized grinding and polishing.

Claims

1. A desktop universal full-abrasive grinding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), on which a main grinding head driven by a main motor (4) is mounted, and the main grinding head comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged grinding tools; An adjusting wheel system for driving the workpiece to rotate and move axially is installed on the side of the main grinding head, a workpiece support (71) for placing the workpiece is arranged between the adjusting wheel system and the main grinding head, and the main grinding head, the adjusting wheel system and the workpiece support (71) together constitute an external cylindrical grinding device for performing centerless external cylindrical grinding on the workpiece; A manual surface grinding workbench is installed below the main grinding head, a movable workbench (43) is provided in the manual surface grinding workbench for driving the workpiece to move below the main grinding head, and a workpiece fixing area corresponding to the grinding tool is provided on the movable workbench (43); a belt grinding head is installed above the main grinding head for grinding the surface of the workpiece with a first sanding belt (62), and the main grinding head, the manual surface grinding workbench and the belt grinding head together constitute a surface grinding device for surface grinding of the workpiece; The base (1) is provided with an internal grinding device, which drives an internal grinding wheel (28) to grind the inner hole of the workpiece, or uses a second grinding belt (83) to pass through the inner hole of the workpiece to grind the inner hole; The base (1) is provided with a handheld grinding device, including a handheld tool grinding device and a handheld workpiece grinding device, wherein the handheld tool grinding device includes a hanging grinder (15), and the handheld workpiece grinding device includes a polishing wheel (13) and an auxiliary bracket (35) arranged below a main grinding head and used for supporting a workpiece; The main grinding head comprises a main grinding head support, a main grinding head spindle and a grinding tool, wherein the grinding tool comprises a grinding belt grinding head contact wheel (36), a grinding wheel (38) and a polyurethane soft grinding wheel (45); A pair of main grinding head brackets (32) and (47) are provided, the bottoms of the main grinding head brackets (32) and (47) are fixed on the base (1), and the two ends of the main grinding head spindle (52) are movably connected to the bearing holes provided on the main grinding head brackets (32) and (47); the main motor (4) is arranged on the base (1), and the left end of the main grinding head spindle (52) is connected to the output shaft of the right end of the main motor (4) through a coupling; The main grinding head spindle (52) is a stepped shaft; the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel (36) is inserted from the left end of the main grinding head spindle (52), and is fixed by being limited by a shaft shoulder; the grinding wheel (38) is inserted from the right end of the main grinding head spindle (52), and is fixed by being limited by a shaft shoulder; the polyurethane soft grinding wheel (45) is inserted from the right end of the main grinding head spindle (52), and is fixed by being limited by a shaft shoulder; The regulating wheel system comprises an regulating wheel bracket (54), a hyperbolic regulating wheel (55), a first slave triangular belt pulley (56), an regulating wheel motor (57), a first master triangular belt pulley (72), an α-angle wedge (73), and an regulating wheel main shaft (77); The hyperboloid adjusting wheel (55) is fixedly mounted on the adjusting wheel main shaft (77), a pair of adjusting wheel brackets (54) are provided, and the two ends of the adjusting wheel main shaft (77) are movably connected to the bearing holes on the adjusting wheel bracket (54); wherein the bearing hole on the right adjusting wheel bracket (54) is a split structure, and the upper half of the bearing hole is an openable bearing upper cover (78); the adjusting wheel motor (57) is mounted on the adjusting wheel bracket (54), located on one side of the left adjusting wheel bracket (54), the first main V-belt pulley (72) is mounted on the output shaft of the adjusting wheel motor (57), and the first slave V-belt pulley (56) is connected to the left end of the adjusting wheel main shaft (77), and is connected to the first main V-belt pulley (72) through a V-belt; The α-angle wedge block (73) is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting wheel bracket (54), so that an angle α is formed between the adjusting wheel main shaft (77) and the base; by adjusting the position of the α-angle wedge block (73) at the bottom of the adjusting wheel bracket (54), the axis height of the hyperbolic adjusting wheel (55) can be adjusted; The abrasive belt grinding head comprises an abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel (36), a pressure grinding plate (64), a top tensioning wheel (65), a movable bracket (67), a spring (68), an empty tensioning wheel (69), a tensioning wheel bracket (70) and the first abrasive belt (62); The tension wheel bracket (70) is fixed on the upper part of the main grinding head bracket (37) and (42), and the idler tension wheel (69) is installed on one side of the tension wheel bracket (70) through the wheel frame, and the position of the idler tension wheel (69) on the wheel frame is adjustable; the movable bracket (67) is installed on the top of the tension wheel bracket (70) through the inner hole, and the spring (68) is sleeved on the outside of the movable bracket (67) and matches with the inner hole gap, and the top tension wheel (65) is fixedly installed on the top of the movable bracket (67), and the first sanding belt (62) is sleeved on the sanding belt grinding head contact wheel (36) and bypasses the idler tension wheel (69) and the top tension wheel (65). Under the elastic force of the spring (68), the first sanding belt (62) is tensioned through the top tension wheel (65); The grinding plate (64) is arranged on the other side of the tension wheel bracket (70), the grinding plate (64) is located below the first abrasive belt (62) and is fixed to the tension wheel bracket (70) through a stud (63) and a locking nut, and the position of the grinding plate (64) can be adjusted by rotating the stud (63) and the locking nut; For a handheld workpiece, when the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel (36) drives the first abrasive belt (62) to rotate, the handheld workpiece is brought into contact with the first abrasive belt (62) on the surface of the pressure grinding plate (64), thereby achieving surface grinding of the handheld workpiece.

2. The desktop universal full-abrasive tool grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface grinding manual workbench comprises a screw guide rail support (37), a tapered roller bearing (39), a hand wheel (40), a rectangular screw (41), a screw nut (42), a circular guide rail (44) and the movable workbench (43); The screw guide rail support (37) is installed on the base (1) below the main grinding head, and the two ends of the rectangular screw (41) are installed on the screw guide rail support (37) through tapered roller bearings (39). The hand wheel (40) is installed on the outer side of the screw guide rail support (37), and the hand wheel (40) is fixedly connected to the end of the rectangular screw (41); a pair of circular guide rails (44) are arranged on both sides of the rectangular screw (41) on the screw guide rail support (37), and the two ends of the circular guide rails (44) are connected to the screw guide rail support (37); the screw nut (42) and a pair of circular guide sleeves are arranged at the bottom of the movable workbench (43), wherein the screw nut (42) is assembled on the rectangular screw (41), and the circular guide sleeve is assembled on the circular guide rail (44) and is clearance-fitted; The movable worktable (43) is provided with three workpiece fixing areas corresponding to the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel (36), the grinding wheel (38) and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel (45) in the main grinding head respectively. When performing a surface grinding operation, the workpiece to be ground is fixed to the corresponding workpiece fixing area by a clamp according to the grinding requirements, and then the hand wheel (40) is shaken, and the movable worktable (43) is driven to move under the cooperation of the lead screw nut (42) and the rectangular lead screw (41), so that the main grinding head is used to grind the workpiece surface.

3. The desktop universal full-abrasive tool grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal grinding device comprises a first internal grinding device, which comprises an internal grinding hollow shaft (22), an internal grinding support (23), an expansion and contraction tool holder (26), and an internal grinding wheel (28); The inner cylindrical grinding support (23) is arranged on the side of the main motor (4), and the two ends of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft (22) are mounted on the inner cylindrical grinding support (23). The left end of the inner cylindrical grinding hollow shaft (22) is fixed with a second slave V-belt pulley (18). The left end output shaft (87) of the main motor (4) is equipped with a second main V-belt pulley (5) and is connected to the second slave V-belt pulley (18) via a V-belt (6), so that the left end output shaft (87) of the main motor (4) is 87) output power is transmitted to the internal grinding hollow shaft (22); the right end of the internal grinding hollow shaft (22) is provided with a Morse taper inner hole, and a corresponding Morse taper expanding and contracting tool holder (26) is detachably installed in the inner hole; the expanding and contracting tool holder (26) clamps the handle of the internal grinding wheel (28), and under the action of the main motor (4), drives the internal grinding wheel (28) to rotate at a high speed, thereby realizing the grinding process of the workpiece (29) that needs to be ground internally.

4. The desktop universal full-abrasive tool grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal grinding device also includes a second internal grinding device, which includes a driving wheel (88), a tensioning wheel (82) and a second grinding belt (83), wherein the driving wheel (88) is mounted on the output shaft (87) at the left end of the main motor (4), the tensioning wheel (82) is mounted on the left end of the internal grinding hollow shaft (22), and the second grinding belt (83) is arranged on the driving wheel (88) and the tensioning wheel (82); the second grinding belt (83) is a detachable grinding belt.

5. The desktop universal full-abrasive tool grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hand-held tool grinding device comprises a flexible shaft joint (8), a flexible shaft (14) and the hanging grinder (15); one end of the flexible shaft (14) is connected to the hanging grinder (15), and the other end is inserted into the inner hole of the output shaft (87) at the left end of the main motor (4) through the flexible shaft joint (8) and fixed by a fastening screw (9), so as to transmit the power of the main motor (4) to the hanging grinder (15).

6. The desktop universal full-abrasive tool grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary support (35) in the handheld workpiece grinding device is arranged on one side below the main grinding head and above the lead screw guide rail support (37). The auxiliary support (35) is fixed on the base (1). When the handheld workpiece is ground, the workpiece is placed on the auxiliary support (35) and the workpiece can be coarsely ground, finely ground and finely polished or ground by cooperating with the abrasive belt grinding head contact wheel (36), the grinding wheel (38) and the polyurethane soft grinding wheel (45) at three positions.

7. The desktop universal full-abrasive tool grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handheld workpiece grinding device also includes a polishing wheel (13) for handheld workpiece operation, and the polishing wheel (13) is a wool wheel or a cloth wheel.

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