An automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold, which relates to the technical field of shield equipment. The present invention includes a frame, a vertical displacement mechanism (1), a horizontal feeding mechanism (2), a side movement fine-tuning mechanism (3), and a bolt tightening and loosening device (4) installed on the frame. The vertical displacement mechanism (1) is installed at the front end of the horizontal feeding mechanism (2), the side movement fine-tuning mechanism (3) is connected to the vertical displacement mechanism (1), and the bolt tightening and loosening device (4) is installed on the outside of the side movement fine-tuning mechanism (3). It has the advantages of reducing the influence of human factors and reducing the scrap rate of shield segments produced by the shield segment production line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shield equipment, and particularly relates to an automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold. Background Art

[0002] Shield segments are the main assembled components in shield construction. They are the innermost barriers of the tunnel, bearing the functions of resisting soil pressure, groundwater pressure, and some special loads. They are concrete precast components produced by special shield segment molds, and their precision depends on the special molds. Therefore, the molds play a very important role in the production process of shield segments.

[0003] For example, in the patent with the publication number CN109227899A, this patent discloses a new type of tunnel lining segment mold, which consists of a bottom mold, end molds symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom mold, and side molds symmetrically arranged on the top of the bottom mold. This mold has accurate positioning, stable structure, high precision, no cleaning dead corners, and is suitable for surface vibration, which can improve product quality. However, the opening and closing of the mold require manual operation, and the degree of automation is not high.

[0004] Another example is the patent with the publication number CN203391093U. This patent discloses an automatically opening and closing segment mold, which includes a bottom mold located in the middle and lower part of the mold, side templates on the front and rear sides of the mold; end templates on the left and right sides of the templates; a cover plate on the top of the mold, and a connecting and fastening device on the side templates and end templates. This invention uses hydraulic cylinders for opening and closing, simplifies the production process of shield segments, minimizes the use of operators to the greatest extent, and can avoid human error.

[0005] The automatically opening and closing segment mold has higher efficiency and opening and closing precision than the new type of tunnel lining segment mold, and has less human influence, making it more suitable for automated production lines. However, at present, most shield segment production lines use the new type of tunnel lining segment mold, and the opening and closing of the side mold of the segment mold rely on manual labor; if we want to achieve the automatic opening and closing of the side mold, it is difficult and costly to transform the mold itself, and currently, no equipment for automatically opening and closing the side mold of the new type of tunnel lining segment mold has been found. Therefore, it is very important to develop an automatic opening and closing device for shield segment molds to achieve the automatic opening and closing of the side mold of the new type of tunnel lining segment mold. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the invention is to provide an automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold, aiming at the problems in the prior art that the production line of shield segments uses the new type of tunnel lining segment mold, it is very difficult to achieve automatic opening and closing of the new type of tunnel lining segment mold used in the shield segment production line, the opening and closing of the side mold of the segment mold rely on manual labor, resulting in large workload, difficult operation, and low efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:

[0008] An automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold, comprising a frame. In the side mold of the shield segment mold, there is a side mold opening and closing bolt located in the center and two side mold fastening bolts respectively above and below the side mold opening and closing bolt. The automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold further includes a vertical displacement mechanism, a horizontal feeding mechanism, a side movement fine-tuning mechanism, and a bolt tightening and loosening device installed on the frame. The vertical displacement mechanism is installed at the front end of the horizontal feeding mechanism. The side movement fine-tuning mechanism is connected to the vertical displacement mechanism. The bolt tightening and loosening device is installed outside the side movement fine-tuning mechanism. Through the linkage adjustment among the vertical displacement mechanism, the horizontal feeding mechanism, and the side movement fine-tuning mechanism, the automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold enables the bolt tightening and loosening device to automatically screw out or tighten the side mold opening and closing bolt.

[0009] Preferably, the vertical displacement mechanism includes a first motor, a first coupling, a high-precision synchronous pulley set one, a side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set one, and a connecting plate. The high-precision synchronous pulley set one is connected to the output end of the first motor through the first coupling. The side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set one is fixed on the frame. One end of the connecting plate is fixed on the side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set one, and the other end of the connecting plate is connected to the high-precision synchronous pulley.

[0010] Preferably, the horizontal feeding mechanism includes a second motor, a second coupling, a gear, a rack, and a side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set two. The gear is connected to the output end of the second motor through the second coupling. The rack is fixed on the frame. One end of the side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set two is fixed on the frame, and the other end of the side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set two is connected to the frame where the side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set one is fixed. The gear and the rack are meshed.

[0011] Preferably, the side movement fine-tuning mechanism includes a third motor, a third coupling, a high-precision synchronous pulley set three, a fine-tuning guide rail slider set, and a fixing plate. The high-precision synchronous pulley set three is connected to the output end of the third motor through the third coupling. The fine-tuning guide rail slider set is fixedly installed on the connecting plate. Four sliders of the fine-tuning guide rail slider set are fixed on the fixing plate. The fixing plate is connected to the high-precision synchronous belt in the high-precision synchronous pulley set three.

[0012] Preferably, the bolt tightening and loosening device includes a connecting fork, a pneumatic wrench body, pneumatic wrench clamping plates, a pneumatic wrench connecting frame, a secondary spring, a nitrogen spring, a circular guide rail set, a main spring, and a shaft support connecting piece. The connecting fork is connected to the pneumatic wrench body. The pneumatic wrench body is clamped by the pneumatic wrench clamping plates on the left and right sides. Bearings are installed on the pneumatic wrench clamping plates, and the bearings can slide vertically up and down in the bearing grooves of the pneumatic wrench connecting frame. The bearings are pressed by the secondary spring. The pneumatic wrench clamping plates and the pneumatic wrench connecting frame are hinged to the nitrogen spring at the rear end. A linear bearing in the circular guide rail set is installed on the pneumatic wrench connecting frame, and the linear bearing is connected to a circular guide rail in the circular guide rail set installed on the shaft support connecting piece. The main spring is sleeved on the rear end of the circular guide rail set.

[0013] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. Since the side formwork opening and closing bolts move downward and outward during the opening and closing of the side formwork (i.e., there are displacements in both the horizontal and vertical directions), an automatic adaptation mechanism for its movement is required. This solution proposes a device that uses only damping (springs) to achieve the movement adaptation between the side formwork opening and closing bolts and the docking pneumatic wrench during the movement process. Its main damping consists of rotational adaptive damping, vertical adaptive damping, and feeding adaptive damping. The three dampings respectively correspond to three degrees of freedom, and the movements of these three degrees of freedom can fit the movement trajectory of the side formwork opening and closing bolt head during the opening and closing of the side formwork. Since damping is added to each degree of freedom, after the side formwork opening and closing bolts are tightened, the device can automatically restore to enable it to automatically continue the opening and closing of the side formwork opening and closing bolts of the next mold. Also due to the existence of damping, the control motor can be locked and immobile after the movement reaches the position, ensuring the reliability when the pneumatic wrench tightens the middle bolts. A flexible rubber cushion block is padded between the pneumatic wrench and the mechanism, which can well absorb the large vibration during the operation of the pneumatic wrench and also play a role in protecting the bolt tightening and loosening device.

[0015] 2. The device of this solution can automatically adapt to the trajectory during the opening and closing of the side formwork opening and closing bolts of the shield segment mold, so as to realize the automatic opening and closing of the side formwork opening and closing bolts of the shield segment mold, thus making up for the deficiency of the automation of the opening and closing of this kind of shield segment mold compared with the automatic opening and closing of the segment mold. It proposes a solution to the key problem of the automatic opening and closing of the mold in the automation transformation of the existing shield segment production line, reduces the influence of human factors, and reduces the rejection rate of the shield segments produced by the shield segment production line. Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 Front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Markings in the figure: 1 - vertical displacement mechanism, 101 - motor one, 102 - coupling one, 103 - high-precision synchronous pulley set one, 104 - side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set one, 105 - connecting plate, 2 - horizontal feeding mechanism, 201 - motor two, 202 - coupling two, 203 - gear, 204 - rack, 205 - side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set two, 3 - side movement fine-tuning mechanism, 301 - motor three, 302 - coupling three, 303 - high-precision synchronous pulley set three, 304 - fine-tuning guide rail slider set, 305 - fixing plate, 4 - bolt tightening device, 401 - connecting fork, 402 - pneumatic wrench body, 403 - pneumatic wrench clamp, 404 - pneumatic wrench connecting frame, 405 - auxiliary spring, 406 - nitrogen spring, 407 - circular guide rail set, 408 - main spring, 409 - shaft support connecting piece. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the reference numerals and letters in the specification represent similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention in a simplified manner, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In addition, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or hanging vertically, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] An automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold, including a frame. In the side mold of the shield segment mold, there is a side mold opening and closing bolt located in the center and two side mold fastening bolts respectively located above and below the side mold opening and closing bolt. The automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold further includes a vertical displacement mechanism, a horizontal feeding mechanism, a side movement fine-tuning mechanism and a bolt loosening and tightening device installed on the frame. The vertical displacement mechanism is installed at the front end of the horizontal feeding mechanism. The side movement fine-tuning mechanism is connected to the vertical displacement mechanism. The bolt loosening and tightening device is installed outside the side movement fine-tuning mechanism. The automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold makes the bolt loosening and tightening device automatically unscrew or tighten the side mold opening and closing bolt through the linkage adjustment among the vertical displacement mechanism, the horizontal feeding mechanism and the side movement fine-tuning mechanism. The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] An automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a frame. In the side mold of the shield segment mold, there is a side mold opening and closing bolt in the center and two side mold fastening bolts respectively above and below the side mold opening and closing bolt. The automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold further includes a vertical displacement mechanism 1, a horizontal feeding mechanism 2, a side movement fine-tuning mechanism 3, and a bolt tightening and loosening device 4 installed on the frame. The vertical displacement mechanism 1 is installed at the front end of the horizontal feeding mechanism 2. The side movement fine-tuning mechanism 3 is connected to the vertical displacement mechanism 1. The bolt tightening and loosening device 4 is installed outside the side movement fine-tuning mechanism 3. Through the linkage adjustment among the vertical displacement mechanism 1, the horizontal feeding mechanism 2, and the side movement fine-tuning mechanism 3, the automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold enables the bolt tightening and loosening device 4 to automatically screw out or tighten the side mold opening and closing bolt.

[0029] In the vertical displacement mechanism 1, a motor one 101 is connected to a coupling one 102, and then connected to a high-precision synchronous pulley group one 103 for the power transmission of the vertical displacement mechanism 1. A side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group one 104 is fixed on the frame, and a connecting plate 105 is fixed on the side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group one 104. A part is used to connect the connecting plate 105 and the high-precision synchronous pulley group one 103 to achieve the high-precision vertical movement of the device.

[0030] In the horizontal feeding mechanism 2, a motor two 201 is connected to a coupling two 202, and then connected to a gear 203. A rack 204 is fixed on the frame for the power transmission of the horizontal feeding mechanism 2. A side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group two 205 is fixed on the frame and then connected to the frame fixed with the side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group one 104. The horizontal feeding mechanism 2 lifts the entire front-end vertical displacement mechanism 1, side movement fine-tuning mechanism 3, and bolt tightening and loosening device 4, and realizes the horizontal feeding movement through the meshing of the gear 203 and the rack 204.

[0031] The side movement fine-tuning mechanism 3 is similar to the vertical displacement mechanism 1. It is also powered by connecting a motor three 301 to a coupling three 302 and then to a high-precision synchronous pulley group three 303. A fine-tuning guide rail slider group 304 is fixedly installed on the connecting plate 105, and four sliders are fixed on a fixing plate 305. The fixing plate 305 is then connected to the high-precision synchronous belt in the high-precision synchronous pulley group three 303 to achieve side movement fine-tuning. When there is an error in the positioning of the shield segment mold, the side movement fine-tuning mechanism 3 can be automatically adjusted to better and more accurately connect the connecting fork 401 with the bolt.

[0032] In the bolt tightening and loosening device 4, the connecting fork 401 is connected to the pneumatic wrench body 402. The pneumatic wrench body 402 is clamped by the pneumatic wrench clamping plates 403 on the left and right sides. Bearings are installed on the pneumatic wrench clamping plates 403, and the bearings can slide vertically up and down in the bearing grooves of the pneumatic wrench connecting frame 404. Then, the bearings are pressed by the auxiliary spring 405 to form an active constraint on the degree of freedom in the vertical direction. The pneumatic wrench clamping plates 403 and the pneumatic wrench connecting frame 404 are hinged at the rear end to connect the nitrogen spring 406 to restrict the free rotation of the bearings and form an active constraint on rotation. A linear bearing in the circular guide rail group 407 is installed on the pneumatic wrench connecting frame 404 and is connected to the circular guide rail in the circular guide rail group 407 installed on the shaft support connecting piece 409, enabling the pneumatic wrench body 402 to move horizontally freely. At the rear end of the circular guide rail group 407, a main spring 408 is sleeved to form an active constraint on the horizontal free movement of the pneumatic wrench body 402.

[0033] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the equipment of this embodiment works, during the process of unscrewing the side form opening and closing bolt: First, through the linkage of the vertical displacement mechanism 1 and the horizontal feed mechanism 2, it reaches near the side form opening and closing bolt of the shield segment mold that has been positioned. Then, through the linkage adjustment of the vertical displacement mechanism 1, the horizontal feed mechanism 2, and the side movement fine adjustment mechanism 3, the connecting fork 401 is connected to the side form opening and closing bolt. After that, the vertical displacement mechanism 1, the horizontal feed mechanism 2, and the side movement fine adjustment mechanism 3 are locked, and the pneumatic wrench body 402 is started. At this time, the three springs in the bolt tightening and loosening device 4 automatically adjust according to the movement of the side form opening and closing bolt, and the side form opening and closing bolt can be automatically unscrewed to the appropriate angle for the side form to open. During the process of screwing in the side form opening and closing bolt: At the beginning, it is also necessary to first pass through the linkage of the vertical displacement mechanism 1 and the horizontal feed mechanism 2 to reach near the side form opening and closing bolt of the shield segment mold that has been positioned. Then, through the linkage adjustment of the vertical displacement mechanism 1, the horizontal feed mechanism 2, and the side movement fine adjustment mechanism 3, the connecting fork 401 is connected to the side form opening and closing bolt. The difference is that it is also necessary to feed through the horizontal feed mechanism 2 so that the main spring 408 is compressed by a displacement greater than the length of the side form opening and closing bolt unscrewed when the side form is opened at the appropriate angle. Then, the vertical displacement mechanism 1, the horizontal feed mechanism 2, and the side movement fine adjustment mechanism 3 are locked, and the pneumatic wrench body 402 is started. The three springs in the bolt tightening and loosening device 4 automatically adjust according to the movement of the side form opening and closing bolt to tighten the side form opening and closing bolt.

[0034] The above is the embodiment of the present invention. The foregoing are the various preferred embodiments of the present invention. If the preferred implementation manners in the various preferred embodiments are not obviously self - contradictory or based on a certain preferred implementation manner, the various preferred implementation manners can be arbitrarily superimposed and combined for use. The embodiments and the specific parameters in the embodiments are only for clearly expressing the inventor's invention verification process and are not used to limit the patent protection scope of the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention still takes its claims as the criterion. Any equivalent structural changes made by using the content of the specification of the present invention should, by the same token, be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of a shield segment mold, comprising a frame. In the side mold of the shield segment mold, there is a side mold opening and closing bolt located in the center and two side mold fastening bolts respectively located above and below the side mold opening and closing bolt. It is characterized in that: The automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold further includes a vertical displacement mechanism (1), a horizontal feeding mechanism (2), a side movement fine-tuning mechanism (3), and a bolt tightening and loosening device (4) installed on the frame. The vertical displacement mechanism (1) is installed at the front end of the horizontal feeding mechanism (2). The side movement fine-tuning mechanism (3) is connected to the vertical displacement mechanism (1). The bolt tightening and loosening device (4) is installed outside the side movement fine-tuning mechanism (3). Through the linkage adjustment among the vertical displacement mechanism (1), the horizontal feeding mechanism (2), and the side movement fine-tuning mechanism (3), the automatic opening and closing device for the side mold of the shield segment mold enables the bolt tightening and loosening device (4) to automatically screw out or tighten the side mold opening and closing bolts. The vertical displacement mechanism (1) includes a first motor (101), a first coupling (102), a first high-precision synchronous pulley set (103), a first side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set (104), and a connecting plate (105). The first high-precision synchronous pulley set (103) is connected to the output end of the first motor (101) through the first coupling (102). The first side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set (104) is fixed on the frame. One end of the connecting plate (105) is fixed on the first side mold opening and closing guide rail slider set (104), and the other end of the connecting plate (105) is connected to the first high-precision synchronous pulley set (103). The bolt tightening and loosening device (4) includes a connecting fork (401), a pneumatic wrench body (402), a pneumatic wrench clamp plate (403), a pneumatic wrench connecting frame (404), a secondary spring (405), a nitrogen spring (406), a circular guide rail set (407), a main spring (408), and a shaft support connecting piece (409). The connecting fork (401) is connected to the pneumatic wrench body (402). The pneumatic wrench body (402) is clamped by the pneumatic wrench clamp plates (403) on the left and right sides. Bearings are installed on the pneumatic wrench clamp plates (403), and the bearings can slide vertically up and down in the bearing grooves of the pneumatic wrench connecting frame (404). The bearings are pressed by the secondary spring (405). The pneumatic wrench clamp plates (403) and the pneumatic wrench connecting frame (404) are hinged and supported by the nitrogen spring (406) at the rear end. A linear bearing in the circular guide rail set (407) is installed on the pneumatic wrench connecting frame (404), and the linear bearing is connected to a circular guide rail in the circular guide rail set (407) installed on the shaft support connecting piece (409). The main spring (408) is sleeved on the rear end of the circular guide rail set (407).

2. The side mold automatic opening and closing device for a shield segment mold according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal feeding mechanism (2) comprises a second motor (201), a second coupling (202), a gear (203), a rack (204), and a second side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group (205). The gear (203) is connected to the output end of the second motor (201) through the second coupling (202). The rack (204) is fixed on the machine frame. One end of the second side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group (205) is fixed on the machine frame, and the other end of the second side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group (205) is connected to the machine frame where the first side mold opening and closing guide rail slider group (104) is fixed. The gear (203) meshes with the rack (204).

3. The side mold automatic opening and closing device for shield segment molds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side movement fine adjustment mechanism (3) comprises a third motor (301), a third coupling (302), a third high-precision synchronous pulley group (303), a fine adjustment guide rail slider group (304), and a fixing plate (305). The third high-precision synchronous pulley group (303) is connected to the output end of the third motor (301) through the third coupling (302). The fine adjustment guide rail slider group (304) is fixedly installed on the connecting plate (105). Four sliders of the fine adjustment guide rail slider group (304) are fixed on the fixing plate (305). The fixing plate (305) is connected to the high-precision synchronous belt in the third high-precision synchronous pulley group (303).

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