A coal floating and sinking experimental system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of coal floating and sinking experiments, and discloses a coal floating and sinking experiment system, including a floating and sinking separator, a floating coal cleaning and dehydration device, a floating and sinking coal slime treatment device, a drying device, a coal tray, and a conveying system for conveying the coal tray; a hoist and a manipulator are provided on one side of the conveying system, the manipulator transfers the coal in the coal tray to the hoist, and the hoist conveys the coal to the floating and sinking separator; the floating and sinking coal slime treatment device is connected with the floating and sinking separator to collect the floating and sinking coal slime; in the conveying direction of the conveying system, the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device is located downstream of the floating and sinking separator to clean and dehydrate the floating coal; the drying device dries the floating and sinking coal slime and the floating coal; the conveying system is also provided with an online weighing device to weigh the dried coal slime and the floating coal. The coal floating and sinking experiment system can completely replace manual labor, realize automation, and improve experimental efficiency; at the same time, it can collect and summarize data and quickly produce experimental reports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal floating and sinking experiments, in particular to a coal floating and sinking experiment system. Background Art

[0002] The floating and sinking experiment is to "use heavy liquids of different densities to separate coal samples into different density levels to determine the yield and characteristics of each level of products". The purpose of the raw coal floating and sinking experiment is to understand the selectivity of coal, that is, to determine the density composition and quality characteristics of coal, so as to provide a basis for the rational use of coal and the design of coal preparation plants. The floating and sinking experiment of washed raw coal and its products can be used to evaluate the effect of coal preparation technology and guide production. At present, most floating and sinking experiments rely on manual labor, and the experimental efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a coal floating and sinking experimental system, which solves the technical problem of low experimental efficiency in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a coal floating and sinking experimental system, comprising a floating and sinking separator, a floating coal washing and dehydrating device, a floating and sinking coal slime processing device, a drying device, a coal tray and a conveying system for conveying the coal tray;

[0005] A hoist and a manipulator are provided on one side of the conveying system, the manipulator transfers the coal in the coal tray to the hoist, and the hoist conveys the coal to the float-sink separator;

[0006] The floating and sinking coal slime processing device is connected to the floating and sinking separator to collect the floating and sinking coal slime;

[0007] In the conveying direction of the conveying system, the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device is located downstream of the floating and sinking separator to clean and dehydrate the floating coal;

[0008] The drying device dries the floating coal slime and the floating coal;

[0009] The conveying system is also provided with an online weighing device to weigh the dried coal slime and floating coal.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the float-sink separator comprises

[0011] A separation box, wherein a separation chamber is provided in the separation box, and a separation outlet is provided on a side wall of the separation chamber;

[0012] A door assembly, wherein the door assembly can open or close the separation outlet;

[0013] a partition, the partition being located below the separation outlet, the partition being able to slide into or out of the separation chamber in a horizontal direction, and being able to separate the separation chamber into an upper separation chamber connected to the separation outlet and a lower separation chamber isolated from the separation outlet after the partition is extended into the separation chamber;

[0014] and a scraper, the scraper sliding on the partition and the scraper being able to approach or move away from the separation outlet;

[0015] It also includes a mesh plate, which is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the separation chamber; and a mesh plate driving component on the outer wall of the separation box for driving the mesh plate to rotate or swing.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the separation outlet is located at the upper end of the separation box, and the separation box is provided with a partition accommodating groove, the partition accommodating groove and the separation outlet are respectively located on opposite side walls of the separation box, and the partition and the scraper are both located in the partition accommodating groove; a cylinder connecting plate is fixed on the side wall of the partition accommodating groove opposite to the separation outlet, a scraper cylinder and a partition cylinder are fixed on the cylinder connecting plate, the scraper cylinder is connected to the scraper, and the partition cylinder is connected to the partition.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a stirring and cleaning device, the stirring and cleaning device includes

[0018] A connecting bracket, wherein the connecting bracket is fixed to the separation box and the upper end of the connecting bracket extends above the opening of the separation chamber;

[0019] and a stirring and cleaning nozzle, wherein the stirring and cleaning nozzle is fixed to the upper end of the connecting bracket through a lifting device;

[0020] It also includes an air source control valve and a water source control valve, and both the air source control valve and the water source control valve are connected to the input pipe of the stirring and cleaning nozzle.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device comprises a frame, on which a cleaning device and a water collecting and lifting mechanism are provided, and further comprises a coal tray and a negative pressure dehydration device;

[0022] The coal tray comprises

[0023] A disc body, wherein the upper end of the disc body is open and a water filter port is provided on the bottom wall of the disc body;

[0024] and a mesh plate, wherein the mesh plate covers the water filter port;

[0025] The cleaning device comprises

[0026] A cover body, the cover body is fixed on the frame, the upper end of the cover body is closed, and the lower end is provided with a connection port adapted to the upper end opening of the coal tray;

[0027] and a cleaning nozzle, the cleaning nozzle being fixed on the cover body and spraying water into the cover body;

[0028] The water collecting lifting mechanism comprises

[0029] A water collecting hopper, the upper end of which is open and adapted to the water filter port;

[0030] and a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism being connected to the water collecting bucket and driving the water collecting bucket to rise and fall;

[0031] The negative pressure dehydration device is communicated with the lower end of the water collecting bucket.

[0032] As a preferred technical solution, the conveying system corresponding to the frame position includes two conveying lines arranged in parallel and conveying synchronously, and a blocking cylinder is provided between the two conveying lines. In the conveying direction of the conveying lines, the blocking cylinder is located downstream of the cover body; it also includes two guide plates, and the two guide plates are respectively located on the outside of the two conveying lines.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution, the negative pressure dehydration device includes

[0034] A pressure tank, the middle part of which is connected to the water collecting bucket, and a valve is provided at the bottom of the pressure tank;

[0035] and a vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is communicated with the top of the pressure tank through a vacuum pipe.

[0036] As a preferred technical solution, the floating and sinking coal slime processing device includes a mud water collector, which is connected to the floating and sinking separator through a pipeline; it also includes a diaphragm pump and a suction filter, and the diaphragm pump pumps the mud water in the mud water collector into the suction filter.

[0037] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes two coal tray lifting and storage devices, which are respectively located at the upstream end and the downstream end of the conveying system; the coal tray lifting and storage device includes

[0038] A lifting device, the lifting device comprising

[0039] Chassis assembly,

[0040] and a conveying chain assembly, wherein the conveying chain assembly comprises two synchronously conveying chain groups, and a lifting channel for accommodating the coal tray is formed between the two chain groups; the chain group comprises

[0041] an upper drive shaft, the upper drive shaft being rotatably mounted on the chassis assembly;

[0042] a lower drive shaft, the lower drive shaft being rotatably mounted on the chassis assembly and being located directly below the upper drive shaft;

[0043] Two conveyor chains, each of which is provided with hanging ears;

[0044] and a plurality of coal tray supports, wherein two ends of the coal tray supports are respectively fixed to the hanging ears of the two conveying chains;

[0045] The upper drive shaft and the lower drive shaft are both fixed with lifting sprockets, and the conveying chain is wound around the two lifting sprockets located on the upper drive shaft and the lower drive shaft;

[0046] A conveying device, wherein the conveying device corresponds to the position of the lifting channel;

[0047] and a synchronous lifting self-locking device, wherein the synchronous lifting self-locking device drives the conveying chain to rotate in one direction.

[0048] As a preferred technical solution, the synchronous lifting self-locking device includes

[0049] A lifting device, the lifting device comprising

[0050] A box body, wherein the box body is fixed on the chassis assembly;

[0051] A long shaft, the long shaft is rotatably mounted on the box body, a first transmission gear is fixed to the middle of the long shaft, and one end of the long shaft is transmission-connected to a driving device;

[0052] and a short shaft, the short shaft being rotatably mounted on the box body, a second transmission gear being fixed to the middle of the short shaft, the first transmission gear being meshed with the second transmission gear;

[0053] The long shaft and the short shaft are both fixed with a driving sprocket, the upper driving shaft is fixed with a transmission sprocket, and the driving sprocket and the transmission sprocket are driven by a transmission chain;

[0054] and a self-locking device, the self-locking device comprising

[0055] at least one ratchet, the ratchet being fixed on the major shaft or the minor shaft;

[0056] and a ratchet pawl, wherein the ratchet pawl is mounted on the box body and matches the ratchet wheel.

[0057] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the coal floating and sinking experimental system can completely replace manual work, realize automation, and improve experimental efficiency; at the same time, it can collect and summarize data and quickly produce experimental reports. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the coal floating and sinking experimental system from the first perspective;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the coal floating and sinking experimental system from the second perspective;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a float-sink separator from a first-person perspective;

[0062] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the float-sink separator from a second perspective;

[0063] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floating coal washing and dehydration device from the first perspective;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floating coal washing and dehydration device from a second perspective;

[0065] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coal tray;

[0066] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water collecting bucket;

[0067] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coal tray lifting and storage device from the first perspective;

[0068] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coal tray lifting and storage device from a second perspective;

[0069] Fig.11 It is a structural diagram of the synchronous lifting self-locking device;

[0070] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the synchronous lifting self-locking device;

[0071] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional view of the synchronous lifting self-locking device;

[0072] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a coal tray support;

[0073] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a coal tray support;

[0074] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a coal tray support;

[0075] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a coal tray support;

[0076] Fig.18 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth embodiment of the coal tray support.

[0077] In the figure,

[0078] 1-Coal tray lifting and storage device;

[0079] 2-coal tray; 21-mesh plate, 22-coal tray bottom sealing ring, 23-tray body, 24-coal tray top sealing ring, 25-card plate;

[0080] 3-floating and sinking separator, 31-scraper push rod, 32-scraper cylinder, 33-partition cylinder, 34-cylinder connecting plate, 35-partition, 36-separation box, 37-scraper, 38-frame, 39-heavy liquid supply pipe, 310-check valve, 311-online liquid level meter, 312-mesh plate drive assembly, 313-mesh plate cylinder, 314-heavy liquid recovery valve, 315-heavy liquid recovery pipe, 316-coal slurry valve, 317-elbow pipe , 318-funnel container, 320-online density meter, 321-coal liquid guide plate, 322-bed bearing, 323-revolving door, 324-rotating shaft, 325-stirring and cleaning nozzle, 326-auxiliary plate, 327-connecting bracket, 328-guide rod cylinder, 330-rotating shaft, 331-heavy liquid collection pipe, 332-gate valve, 333-input pipe, 334-mesh plate, 335-gear box, 336-revolving door cylinder;

[0081] 4-coal tray lifting and storage device, 41-underframe assembly, 42-lower drive shaft, 43-lifting sprocket, 44-transmission chain, 45-coal tray bracket, 47-upper drive shaft, 48-synchronous lifting self-locking device, 410-transmission sprocket, 411-transmission chain; 451-fixing part, 452-supporting part, 81-lower shell of box body, 82-shaft retaining ring, 83-upper shell of box body, 84-motor, 85-reducer, 86-ratchet, 87-spring, 88-ratchet pawl, 89-ratchet cover, 810-second transmission gear, 811-short shaft, 812-bearing, 813-bolt, 814-drive sprocket, 815-end cover screw, 816-end cover, 817-long shaft, 818-first transmission gear;

[0082] 5-online weighing platform, 6-diaphragm pump, 7-heavy liquid chamber, 8-drying device,

[0083] 9-floating coal cleaning and dehydration device, 92-blocking cylinder, 93-hood, 94-frame, 95-connecting block, 96-connecting plate, 97-cleaning nozzle, 98-water inlet pipe, 910-guide plate, 911-hose, 912-vacuum tube, 913-vacuum pump, 914-pressure tank, 915-valve, 916-lifting connecting plate, 917-lifting cylinder, 918-flange cylinder, 919-control system, 920-water collecting bucket, 9201-water collecting bucket body, 9202-water collecting bucket sealing ring, 9203-flange, 921-hard pipe, 922-valve pipe, 923-drain pipe;

[0084] 10-lifting device, 11-high-density heavy liquid barrel, 12-heavy liquid system, 13-control center, 14-heavy liquid collector, 15-mud and water collector, 16-conveying system, 17-elevator, 18-weighing platform, 19-filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The description of these implementations is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0087] A coal floating and sinking experimental system, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a coal tray 2, a conveying system 16 for conveying the coal tray, a floating and sinking separator 3, a floating coal washing and dehydrating device 9, a floating and sinking coal slime processing device and a drying device 8. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the conveying system 16 is arranged in a rectangular shape, the heavy liquid system 12 is located inside the conveying system 16, the heavy liquid chamber 7 and the high-density heavy liquid barrel are located on the inner side of the conveying system 16, and the heavy liquid collector 14 is connected to the float-sink separator 3 for heavy liquid recovery. The conveying system 16 is also provided with a lifting device 10 at the connection of each device to connect each workstation. The experimental system is also provided with a control center 13.

[0088] A hoist 17 and a manipulator 8 are provided on one side of the conveying system 16, and both the hoist 17 and the manipulator 8 are located upstream of the conveying system 16. The manipulator 8 transfers the coal in the coal tray 2 to the hoist 17, and the hoist 17 transports the coal to the float-sink separator 3.

[0089] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the float-sink separator 3 includes a separation box 36 , a door assembly, a partition 35 and a scraper 37 .

[0090] The separation box 36 is fixed on the frame 38. As shown in the figure, the separation box 36 is a square container, but it is not limited to a square shape, and can also be cylindrical, rectangular, trapezoidal, etc. A separation chamber is provided in the separation box 36, and a separation outlet is provided on the side wall of the separation chamber; preferably, the separation outlet is located at the uppermost end of the separation box 36.

[0091] The door assembly can open or close the separation outlet, such as Figure 3 As shown, the door assembly includes a rotating shaft 324 rotatably mounted on the separation box 36, and both ends of the rotating shaft 324 are fixedly connected to the separation box 36 through seat bearings 322. A revolving door 323 is fixed to the rotating shaft 324, and the revolving door 323 is fixed to the rotating shaft 324 by welding. One end of the rotating shaft 324 is drivingly connected to the revolving door drive assembly. Figure 4 As shown, the revolving door driving assembly can adopt a gear box 335, one end of the rotating shaft 324 extends into the gear box 335, the rotating shaft 324 is connected to the gear inside the gear box 335, and the rack meshing with the gear is connected to the external revolving door cylinder 336, that is, the extension and retraction of the revolving door cylinder 336 controls the opening and closing of the revolving door 323.

[0092] Directly below the separation box 36 is a square cone bucket, which is provided with a gate valve 332, preferably a pneumatic gate valve, which can realize automatic control. The gate valve 332 is connected to an elbow 317, and a coal slurry water valve 316 is provided on the elbow 317. The gate valve 332 is opened to discharge the coal slurry water and gangue during the floating and sinking experiment.

[0093] A heavy liquid recovery pipe 315 is connected to the lower side of the square cone bucket, and a heavy liquid recovery valve 314 is provided on the heavy liquid recovery pipe 315. The heavy liquid can be recovered by opening the heavy liquid recovery valve 314. A heavy liquid replenishment pipe 39 is provided on the upper part of the separation box 36, and a check valve 310 is provided on the heavy liquid replenishment pipe 39. The separation box 36 is provided with an online liquid level meter 311 and an online density meter 320, which can detect the density of the heavy liquid and the liquid level of the heavy liquid in real time.

[0094] The partition 35 is located at the lower side of the separation outlet, and the partition 35 can slide into or out of the separation chamber in the horizontal direction, and after the partition 35 extends into the separation chamber, the separation chamber is divided into an upper separation chamber connected to the separation outlet and a lower separation chamber isolated from the separation outlet. The scraper 37 slides on the partition 35 and the scraper 37 can approach or move away from the separation outlet.

[0095] When the partition 35 is located in the middle of the separation box 36, the partition 35 forms a sliding seal with the separation box 36, for example, a sliding seal is formed by a sealing ring. Optimally, the separation outlet is located at the upper part of the separation box 36, and the partition 35 is also located at the upper part of the separation box 36. The separation box 36 is provided with a partition receiving groove, and the partition receiving groove and the separation outlet are respectively located on two opposite side walls of the separation box 36. The partition 35 is located in the partition receiving groove, and optimally, the partition 35 is located at the bottom of the partition receiving groove. The partition 35 does not need to form a sealing structure with the separation box 36, and the structure is simple and reasonable.

[0096] Furthermore, a cylinder connecting plate 34 is provided on the side wall of the partition accommodating groove 36 opposite to the separation outlet, and a scraper cylinder 32 and a partition cylinder 33 are fixed on the cylinder connecting plate 34. The scraper cylinder 32 is connected to the scraper 37 through the scraper push rod 31, and the partition cylinder 33 is connected to the partition 35.

[0097] The partition plate 35 and the scraper plate 37 are both located in the partition plate receiving groove 36. The partition plate 35 is connected to the partition plate cylinder 33 by bolts, and the scraper plate 37 is connected to the scraper plate cylinder 32 by the scraper plate push rod 31 and bolts. The partition plate cylinder 33 and the scraper plate cylinder 32 are both fixed to the cylinder connecting plate 34 by bolts, and the cylinder connecting plate 34 is fixed to the outer side wall of the upper end of the partition plate receiving groove 36 by bolts.

[0098] The float-sink separator 3 is also provided with a stirring and cleaning device, which includes a connecting bracket 327 and a stirring and cleaning nozzle 325. The connecting bracket 327 is fixed on the separation box 36 and the upper end of the connecting bracket 327 extends above the opening of the separation chamber; the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 is fixed to the upper end of the connecting bracket 327 through a lifting device; the lifting device adopts a guide rod cylinder 328, and the guide rod cylinder 328 drives the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 to rise and fall.

[0099] It also includes an air source control valve and a water source control valve, both of which are connected to the input pipe 333 of the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325. That is, the inlet end of the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the air source through the air source control valve, and the other is connected to the water source through the water source control valve.

[0100] A mesh plate 334 is provided in the separation chamber, and the middle part of the mesh plate 334 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the separation chamber; a mesh plate driving assembly 312 is provided on the outer wall of the separation box 36, and the mesh plate driving assembly 312 can be a gear box, one end of the rotating shaft 330 is connected to the gear inside the gear box 312, and the rack meshed with the gear is connected to the external mesh plate cylinder 313. That is, the extension and contraction of the mesh plate cylinder 313 controls the rotation or swing of the mesh plate 334.

[0101] Specifically, the mesh plate 334 is fixedly connected to at least one rotating shaft 330, wherein the rotating shaft 330 may be located in the middle of the mesh plate 334 or at the end of the mesh plate 334. Of course, the mesh plate 334 may be installed on the separation box 36 via two rotating shafts 334, and the mesh plate 334 may be driven by the mesh plate driving assembly 312 to swing or rotate.

[0102] The frame 38 is arranged across the conveying system 16, that is, located at the lower side of the separation outlet. The conveying system 16 can be a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain, etc. The coal tray 2 is placed on the conveying system 16 for transportation. A funnel container 318 is arranged at the lower side of the separation outlet to receive the heavy liquid overflowing from the separation box 36 and filtered out through the coal tray 2. The funnel container 318 is connected to the heavy liquid recovery device through the heavy liquid collection pipe 331 to recover the filtered heavy liquid.

[0103] A coal liquid guide plate 321 is fixed on the outer wall of the separation box 36. The coal liquid guide plate 321 is located at the lower side of the separation outlet. Its function is to facilitate coal and heavy liquid overflow to the coal tray 2. An auxiliary plate 326 is provided on the upper opening of the separation box 36. The auxiliary plate 326 is bolted to a side wall of the separation box 36. Its function is to facilitate the pouring of coal.

[0104] The floating and sinking coal slime treatment device is connected to the floating and sinking separator 3, collects the coal slime water in the floating and sinking separator 3 and filters to complete the collection of coal slime; the floating and sinking coal slime treatment device includes a muddy water collector 15, which is connected to the floating and sinking separator through a pipeline; and also includes a diaphragm pump 6 and a suction filter 19, and the diaphragm pump 6 pumps the muddy water in the muddy water collector 15 into the suction filter 19. The coal slime is retained on the filter paper, and the filter paper and the coal slime are sent to the drying device 8 for drying to obtain floating and sinking coal slime.

[0105] In the conveying direction of the conveying system 16, the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device 9 is located downstream of the floating and sinking separator 3 to clean and dehydrate the floating coal.

[0106] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device 9 includes a frame 94, which is constructed of aluminum profiles through connecting blocks 95. The frame 94 is provided with a cleaning device and a water collecting and lifting mechanism, and is a carrier of the water collecting and lifting mechanism and the cleaning device. It also includes a coal tray 2 and a negative pressure dehydration device.

[0107] like Figure 7 As shown, the coal pan 2 includes a pan body 23 and a mesh plate 21. The upper end of the pan body 23 is open, and a water filter port is provided on the bottom wall of the pan body 23; the mesh plate 21 covers the water filter port. Preferably, the water filter port is provided in the middle of the pan body 23. The mesh plate 21 is fixed to the pan body 23 by screws or welding, and preferably, the mesh plate 21 is inside the pan body 23.

[0108] Preferably, a coal tray top seal ring 24 is provided on the upper opening of the tray body 23, and a coal tray bottom seal ring 22 is provided on the outer side of the water filter port. When the coal tray 2 is docked with the cover body 93 and the water collecting hopper 920, the coal tray top seal ring 24 and the coal tray bottom seal ring 22 are conducive to the sealing of the docking. A sealing groove is provided on the upper edge of the tray body 23, and the coal tray top seal ring 24 is glued in the sealing groove; similarly, the coal tray bottom seal ring 22 is glued in the sealing groove at the bottom of the tray body 23.

[0109] Furthermore, a clamping plate 25 is provided on the outer side wall of the tray body 23 to facilitate the coal tray 2 to be grabbed by a grabbing device.

[0110] The conveying system 16 at the position corresponding to the frame 94 includes two conveying lines arranged in parallel and conveying synchronously, and the conveying lines are roller conveyors or belt conveyors. A blocking cylinder 92 is arranged between the two conveying lines, and the blocking cylinder 92 is connected to the frame 94 by bolts. The blocking cylinder 92 is arranged near the cover body 93. The blocking cylinder 92 is located downstream of the cover body 93 to accurately position the conveyed coal tray 2.

[0111] Furthermore, two guide plates 910 are included. The two guide plates 910 are fixed to the outsides of the two conveyor lines by bolts to guide the coal tray 2.

[0112] The cleaning device includes a cover body 93 and a cleaning nozzle 97. The upper end of the cover body 93 is fixed to the connecting plate 96 of the frame 94 through a flange structure. The upper end of the cover body 93 is closed, and the lower end is provided with a connection port adapted to the upper end opening of the coal tray; preferably, the cover body 93 is a structure with a small top and a large bottom. The cleaning nozzle 97 is fixed on the cover body 93 and sprays water into the cover body 93; the upper end inlet of the cleaning nozzle 97 is connected to a water inlet pipe 98. Preferably, the cleaning nozzle 97 is a rotating nozzle, and when water passes through the water inlet pipe 98, the cleaning nozzle 97 can be rotated to spray water evenly.

[0113] The water collecting and lifting mechanism comprises a water collecting bucket 920 and a lifting mechanism. Under the lifting action of the lifting mechanism, the water collecting bucket 920, the coal tray 2 and the cover body 93 form a sealed cavity for cleaning the floating coal.

[0114] like Figure 8 As shown, the water collecting bucket 920 includes a water collecting bucket body 9201, the upper end opening of the water collecting bucket body 9201 is adapted to the water filter port; a water collecting bucket sealing ring 9202 is provided on the upper end surface of the water collecting bucket body 9201, and a flange 9203 is provided at the lower end.

[0115] The lifting mechanism is connected to the water collecting bucket 920 and drives the water collecting bucket 920 to rise and fall; the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder 917, the bottom of the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 917 is fixed to the middle part of the lifting connecting plate 916 by bolt connection, and the lifting connecting plate 916 is connected to the bottom aluminum profile of the frame 94 by bolts. The piston rod of the lifting cylinder 914 is fixedly connected to the water collecting bucket 920 through a flange cylinder 918. A hole is opened in the middle part of the flange cylinder 918, and the hose 911 can pass through the hole. The upper end of the flange cylinder 918 is connected to the flange plate 9203 of the water collecting bucket 920 by bolts. Therefore, when the lifting cylinder 917 moves, the water collecting bucket 920 moves with it.

[0116] The negative pressure dehydration device is connected to the lower end of the water collecting bucket 920 to dehydrate the floating coal. The negative pressure dehydration device includes a pressure tank 914 and a vacuum pump 913. The middle part of the pressure tank 914 is connected to the water collecting bucket 920. Specifically, a joint is opened in the middle part of the pressure tank 914. The outside of the joint is connected to the hose 911 below the water collecting bucket 920. The inside of the joint is a hard tube 921, and the outlet of the tube is downward. The bottom of the pressure tank 914 is a conical head, and the bottom of the conical head is connected to the valve 915 through the valve tube 922. The vacuum pump 913 is connected to the top of the pressure tank 914 through the vacuum tube 922. Optimally, the vacuum pump 913 is fixed to the top of the pressure tank 914.

[0117] The frame 94 is also provided with a control module 919 etc. to realize automatic control of the equipment.

[0118] In the cleaning and dehydration state, the lifting cylinder 917 squeezes the water collecting bucket 920, the coal tray 2 and the cover 93 into a closed cavity, and the cleaning nozzle 97 on the cover 93 sprays water to clean the floating coal. Because the bottom of the coal tray 2 is a mesh plate 23, water will leak into the water collecting bucket 920. The valve 915 is open, and the water in the water collecting bucket 920 will flow into the pressure tank 914 through the hose 911 and be directly discharged to complete the cleaning of the floating coal.

[0119] After the floating coal is cleaned, the water collecting and lifting mechanism is still in the lifting state. At this time, the valve 914 is closed and the vacuum pump 913 is turned on. The floating coal soaked in water will quickly drain the water into the pressure tank 914 under the action of gravity and vacuum. After a period of time, the vacuum pump 913 stops working; open the valve 915 to discharge the drained water, and the dehydration work is completed at this time.

[0120] After the coal tray 2 is cleaned and dehydrated, the lifting cylinder 917 and the blocking cylinder 92 fall back, and the coal tray 2 falls onto the conveying system 16, and the conveying system 16 transfers the coal tray 2 to the drying device 8.

[0121] The drying device 8 can be a dryer to dry the floating coal and the floating and sinking coal slime. The conveying system 16 is also provided with an online weighing device 5 to weigh the floating and sinking coal slime and the floating coal after drying.

[0122] Preferably, the system further comprises coal tray lifting and storage devices 1, 4, which are located at the head end and the tail end of the conveying system 16 respectively.

[0123] like Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the coal tray lifting and storage devices 1 and 4 both include a lifting device and a synchronous lifting self-locking device 8.

[0124] The lifting device comprises a base frame assembly 41 and a conveying chain assembly. The conveying chain assembly comprises two synchronously conveying chain groups. A lifting channel for accommodating the coal tray 2 is formed between the two chain groups.

[0125] The chain assembly includes an upper drive shaft 47 , a lower drive shaft 42 , two conveyor chains 44 and a plurality of coal tray supports 45 .

[0126] The upper drive shaft 47 and the lower drive shaft 42 are both rotatably mounted on the chassis assembly 41 through seat bearings, and the lower drive shaft 42 is located directly below the upper drive shaft 47. Two lifting sprockets 43 are fixed on the upper drive shaft 47 and the lower drive shaft 42, and the transmission chain 44 is wound around the two lifting sprockets 43 located on the upper drive shaft 47 and the lower drive shaft 42. The transmission chain 44 is vertically arranged, and preferably, the two transmission chains 44 are respectively adjacent to the two ends of the coal tray 2. The synchronous lifting of the two transmission chains 44 in the same side chain group can be achieved by rotating the upper drive shaft 47 or the lower drive shaft 42. Furthermore, the four lifting sprockets 43 are exactly the same, which is convenient for transmission design and control.

[0127] The conveying chain 44 is provided with a hanging ear, and the two ends of the coal tray bracket 45 are respectively fixed to the hanging ears of the two conveying chains 44 by bolts or other connecting parts. Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, the coal tray support 45 includes a fixing portion 451, and a supporting portion 452 for supporting the coal tray 45 is provided on the side of the fixing portion 451 facing the lifting channel. Preferably, the supporting portion 452 is connected with the fixing portion 451 to form an L-shape, a V-shape or a U-shape. An outer boss is provided on the outer surface of the coal tray 2. When the coal tray support 45 moves with the conveying chain 44, the coal tray support 45 located on the opposite sides of the coal tray 2 is supported on the lower side of the outer boss of the coal tray 2 to support the coal tray 2.

[0128] The synchronous lifting self-locking device 48 drives the conveying chain 44 to rotate in one direction. Fig.11 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the synchronous lifting self-locking device includes a lifting device and a self-locking device.

[0129] The lifting device includes a box body, a long shaft 817 and a short shaft 811 .

[0130] The box is fixed on the bottom frame assembly 41, and the box includes an upper box shell 83 and a lower box shell 81, which are connected by bolts 813, and the upper box shell 83 and the lower box shell 81 form a self-locking cavity. The long shaft 817 and the short shaft 811 are rotatably mounted on the box, and the short shaft 811 and the long shaft 817 are both matched and connected with the bearing 812, and the bearing 812 is pressed together by the lower box shell 81 and the upper box shell 83.

[0131] The long shaft 817 and the short shaft 811 are driven by gear meshing. A first transmission gear 818 is fixed to the middle of the long shaft 817, and a second transmission gear 810 is fixed to the middle of the short shaft 811. The first transmission gear 818 and the second transmission gear 810 are meshed.

[0132] Preferably, the first transmission gear 818 is identical to the second transmission gear 810. The first transmission gear 818 and the second transmission gear 810 are key-connected to the long shaft 817 and the short shaft 811, respectively, one end face of the gear is positioned by a shaft shoulder, and the other end face is limited by a shaft retaining ring 82.

[0133] The self-locking device includes at least one ratchet 86 and a ratchet pawl 88. The ratchet 86 is fixed on the long shaft 817 or the short shaft 811, and the ratchet pawl 88 is installed on the box body, and the ratchet pawl 88 matches the ratchet 86. Specifically, a mounting hole is provided on the upper shell 83 of the box body, and the ratchet pawl 88 extends from the mounting hole into the self-locking cavity. The outer end of the ratchet pawl 88 is sleeved with a spring 87, and the outer sides of the spring 87 and the ratchet pawl 88 are sleeved with a ratchet cover 89.

[0134] Optimally, ratchet wheels 86 are fixed on both the long shaft 817 and the short shaft 811 , and two ratchet pawls 88 are provided on the box body, and the two ratchet pawls 88 correspond to the two ratchet wheels 86 one by one.

[0135] Both ends of the long shaft 817 extend out of the self-locking cavity, and one end of the long shaft 817 is transmission-connected to a driving device; the driving device includes a motor 84, and the motor 84 is transmission-connected to the long shaft 817 via a reducer 85.

[0136] The long shaft 817 and the short shaft 811 are respectively connected to the two chain groups. One end of the short shaft 811 extends out of the self-locking cavity, and the ends of the long shaft 817 and the short shaft 811 extending out of the self-locking cavity are fixed with a driving sprocket 814. One end face of the driving sprocket 814 is positioned by a shaft shoulder, and the other end face is pressed and limited by an end cover 816, and the end cover 816 is pressed and fixed by an end cover screw 815. A driving sprocket 410 is fixed on the upper driving shaft 47, and the driving sprocket 814 and the driving sprocket 410 are driven by the driving chain 411.

[0137] When the motor 84 rotates, the power is transmitted to the reducer 85 and the long shaft 817, and the other end of the long shaft 817 directly transmits the power to the drive sprocket 814; at the same time, the long shaft 817 also transmits the power to the short shaft 811 through the gear set 810, and the short shaft 811 transmits the power to the drive sprocket 814 at its end, so that the synchronous reverse movement of the two drive sprockets 814 can be achieved. Driven by the transmission chain 411, the transmission sprockets 410 located on the two upper drive shafts 47 rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, and the synchronous reverse rotation of the transmission sprockets 410 can achieve the synchronous lifting of the transmission chain 44.

[0138] As for the coal tray lifting and storage device 4, when the coal tray 2 is transported from the conveying system 16 to the lifting channel, the four conveying chains 44 are lifted synchronously after the motor 810 is started, and the coal tray 2 with a convex edge is buckled on the coal tray bracket 45 and can also be lifted. In this way, the coal trays 2 of different density levels can be lifted one by one. Because the coal body floating and sinking experiment starts to collect floating coal from the low density level, the floating coal at the top of the device is the floating coal of the smallest density level, and the density levels increase in sequence downwards, realizing the automatic queuing function and self-locking function of the synchronous lifting of the coal tray 2, while saving the floor space of the laboratory.

[0139] For the coal tray lifting and storage device 1, an appropriate amount of coal sample is weighed on the weighing platform 18 and placed in the coal tray 2, and then multiple coal trays 2 are stored on the coal tray bracket 45. When the experiment starts, the coal trays 2 on the coal tray lifting and storage device 1 are lowered onto the conveying system 16 in sequence.

[0140] Because ratchets 86 are mounted on both the major axis 817 and the minor axis 811, the function of reverse locking of unidirectional motion can also be realized, so even if the motor 810 suddenly loses power or fails, the coal tray 2 will not fall under the action of gravity.

[0141] The specific working process of the floating and sinking experiment system is as follows:

[0142] The prepared coal sample is loaded on a special coal tray 2 and placed on a weighing platform for weighing. After weighing, it is placed on the coal tray lifting and storage device 1 in sequence, waiting for floating and sinking experiments. Take the one at the bottom of the queuing and falling device as an example:

[0143] 1. The coal tray 2 of the coal tray lifting and storage device 1 falls slowly and uniformly, and the lowest coal tray 2 falls onto the conveying system 16. The manipulator 8 located on the conveying system 16 can grab and flip the conveyed coal tray 2; the manipulator 8 pours the coal sample in the coal tray 2 into the funnel at the lower end of the elevator 17;

[0144] 2. When the elevator 17 starts to operate, the coal sample in the hopper is evenly and continuously lifted under the belt transmission of the elevator 17, and the lifted coal finally falls into the floating and sinking separator 3, and the coal sample entering the separation box 36 falls onto the mesh plate 334;

[0145] 3. Start the guide rod cylinder 328, the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 moves downward to the inside of the separation box 36, open the water source control valve connected to the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325, the water source sprays out from the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 and rotates under the backwash of the water; when the online liquid level meter 311 detects a suitable liquid level, stop spraying water into the separation box 36, and open the air source control valve connected to the air source. Similarly, the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 rotates under the backwash of the airflow, stirring the heavy liquid and floating coal, and the air blowing and stirring are stopped after stirring for a period of time; open the air-controlled gate valve 332 below the separation box 36, the coal sludge water is discharged from the separation box 36, and then close the gate valve 332;

[0146] 4. The coal slime water discharged from the separation box 36 drips into the coal slime collector 15. Below the coal slime collector 15 is a diaphragm pump 6 connected by a pipeline. The diaphragm pump 6 is turned on, and the coal slime water is pumped into the suction filter 19. The suction filter 19 can be turned on to quickly filter out the water in the coal slime water. The coal slime and the filter paper remaining on the filter paper of the suction filter 19 are transported to the drying device 8 through the conveying system 16. After the coal slime and the filter paper are dried, they are transported to the online weighing device 5 under the transmission of the conveying system 16. After the online weighing device 5 collects the weight information, the conveying line transports the coal slime and the filter paper to the coal tray lifting storage device 4 and queues them for lifting;

[0147] 5. After the cleaning is completed, the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 is lifted, and the heavy liquid supply pump is turned on. The heavy liquid is injected into the separation box 36 through the one-way valve 310 and the heavy liquid supply pipe 39. After the online liquid level meter 311 detects the appropriate liquid level, the injection of heavy liquid is stopped; the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 falls into the heavy liquid again, and the heavy liquid and floating coal are blown and stirred for a period of time, and then the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 is raised to a suitable position;

[0148] 6. Start the partition cylinder 33 to push the partition 35, which enters the separation chamber and separates the heavy liquid and floating coal into two parts, upper and lower. Start the revolving door cylinder 336, and the revolving door 323 is opened, and the heavy liquid and coal fall into the coal tray 2 through the coal liquid guide plate 321. The bottom of the coal tray 2 is opened, and the heavy liquid drains out of the coal tray 2. Start the scraper cylinder 32 to push the scraper 37 in the separation box 36, and the scraper 37 will scrape the residual coal left on the partition 35 out of the revolving door 323.

[0149] 7. Start the heavy liquid supply pump to supply heavy liquid to the separation box 36 to a suitable position, and repeat the above steps 5 and 6 to complete the separation of the floating coal of this density level;

[0150] 8. Open the heavy liquid recovery valve 314 to recover the heavy liquid of this density level, and repeat the above steps 5, 6 and 7 to complete the separation of the floating coal of the next density level; after the separation of the floating coal of the last density level, open the mesh plate cylinder 313, the mesh plate 334 in the separation box 36 will be rotated, and the gangue will fall into the square cone bucket of the separation box 36. Open the gate valve 332, and the remaining gangue will be discharged from the square container 36; open the water source control valve of the stirring and cleaning nozzle 325, and spray water into the separation box 36. The stirring and cleaning nozzle 325 reciprocates up and down under the action of the guide rod cylinder 328, and the sprayed water cleans the inner wall of the separation box 36. After the cleaning is completed, all components return to their positions;

[0151] 9. The floating coal falling in the coal pan 2 is transported to the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device 9 by the conveying system 16. The water collecting bucket 920 on the lifting mechanism of the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device 9 pushes the coal pan 2 under the cover body 93. The coal pan, the cover body 93 and the water collecting bucket 920 form a closed container. At this time, the cleaning nozzle 97 on the cover body 93 first sprays a certain amount of water, and then ventilates and stirs. After a period of time, the valve 915 is opened, and the water in the water collecting bucket 920 will flow into the pressure tank 914 through the hose 911 and be directly discharged, completing the cleaning of the floating coal; when the floating coal is cleaned, the water collecting and lifting mechanism is still in the lifting state, and the valve 914 is closed at this time, and the vacuum pump 913 is turned on. The floating coal soaked in water will quickly drain the water into the pressure tank 914 under the action of gravity and vacuum. After a period of time, the vacuum pump 913 stops working; the valve 915 is opened to discharge the drained water, and the dehydration work is completed at this time; the various components in the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device 9 return to their positions, and the coal tray 2 falls onto the conveying system 16 again;

[0152] 10. The coal tray 2 is transported to the drying device 8 by the conveying system 16, and the drying device 8 quickly dries the wet coal;

[0153] 11. The dried coal tray 2 and coal are transported by the conveying system 16 to the online weighing device 5 for weighing. After the weighing platform collects the weight information, the conveying system 16 again transports the coal tray to the coal tray lifting and storage device 4 and queues for lifting.

[0154] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal floating and sinking experimental system, characterized in that: It includes a floating and sinking separator, a floating coal washing and dehydrating device, a floating and sinking coal slime processing device, a drying device, a coal tray and a conveying system for conveying the coal tray; A hoist and a manipulator are provided on one side of the conveying system, the manipulator transfers the coal in the coal tray to the hoist, and the hoist conveys the coal to the float-sink separator; The floating and sinking coal slime processing device is connected to the floating and sinking separator to collect the floating and sinking coal slime; In the conveying direction of the conveying system, the floating coal cleaning and dehydration device is located downstream of the floating and sinking separator to clean and dehydrate the floating coal; The drying device dries the floating coal slime and the floating coal; The conveying system is also provided with an online weighing device to weigh the dried coal slime and floating coal; The float-sink separator comprises a separation box, a door assembly and a partition; a separation chamber is provided in the separation box, and a separation outlet is provided on the side wall of the separation chamber; The float-sink separator also includes a scraper; The separation outlet is located at the upper end of the separation box, and a partition plate accommodating groove is provided on the separation box. The partition plate accommodating groove and the separation outlet are respectively located on opposite side walls of the separation box, and the partition plate and the scraper plate are both located in the partition plate accommodating groove; a cylinder connecting plate is fixed on the side wall of the partition plate accommodating groove opposite to the separation outlet, and a scraper plate cylinder and a partition plate cylinder are fixed on the cylinder connecting plate, the scraper plate cylinder is connected to the scraper plate, and the partition plate cylinder is connected to the partition plate; A coal liquid guide plate is fixed on the outer wall of the separation box. The coal liquid guide plate is located at the lower side of the separation outlet and is used to guide coal and heavy liquid into the coal tray when they overflow.

2. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The door assembly can open or close the separation outlet; The partition is located below the separation outlet, and the partition can slide into or out of the separation chamber in a horizontal direction, and after the partition extends into the separation chamber, the separation chamber can be divided into an upper separation chamber connected to the separation outlet and a lower separation chamber isolated from the separation outlet; The scraper slides on the partition and the scraper can be close to or away from the separation outlet; The float-sink separator also includes: A mesh plate, the mesh plate being rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the separation chamber; A mesh plate driving component is provided on the outer wall of the separation box for driving the mesh plate to rotate or swing.

3. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a stirring and cleaning device, which includes: A connecting bracket, wherein the connecting bracket is fixed to the separation box and the upper end of the connecting bracket extends above the opening of the separation chamber; and a stirring and cleaning nozzle, wherein the stirring and cleaning nozzle is fixed to the upper end of the connecting bracket through a lifting device; It also includes an air source control valve and a water source control valve, and both the air source control valve and the water source control valve are connected to the input pipe of the stirring and cleaning nozzle.

4. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The floating coal cleaning and dehydration device comprises a frame, on which a cleaning device and a water collecting and lifting mechanism are arranged, and further comprises a coal tray and a negative pressure dehydration device; The coal tray comprises: A disc body, wherein the upper end of the disc body is open and a water filter port is provided on the bottom wall of the disc body; and a mesh plate, wherein the mesh plate covers the water filter port; The cleaning device comprises: A cover body, the cover body is fixed on the frame, the upper end of the cover body is closed, and the lower end is provided with a connection port adapted to the upper end opening of the coal tray; and a cleaning nozzle, the cleaning nozzle being fixed on the cover body and spraying water into the cover body; The water collecting and lifting mechanism comprises: A water collecting hopper, the upper end of which is open and adapted to the water filter port; and a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism being connected to the water collecting bucket and driving the water collecting bucket to rise and fall; The negative pressure dehydration device is communicated with the lower end of the water collecting bucket.

5. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The conveying system corresponding to the frame position includes two conveying lines arranged in parallel and conveying synchronously, and a blocking cylinder is provided between the two conveying lines. In the conveying direction of the conveying lines, the blocking cylinder is located downstream of the cover body; it also includes two guide plates, and the two guide plates are respectively located on the outside of the two conveying lines.

6. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The negative pressure dehydration device comprises: A pressure tank, the middle part of which is connected to the water collecting bucket, and a valve is provided at the bottom of the pressure tank; and a vacuum pump, wherein the vacuum pump is communicated with the top of the pressure tank through a vacuum pipe.

7. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The floating and sinking coal slime treatment device includes a mud water collector, which is connected to the floating and sinking separator through a pipeline; it also includes a diaphragm pump and a suction filter, and the diaphragm pump pumps the mud water in the mud water collector into the suction filter.

8. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two coal tray lifting and storage devices, which are respectively located at the upstream end and the downstream end of the conveying system; the coal tray lifting and storage device includes: A lifting device, the lifting device comprising: Chassis assembly, and a conveying chain assembly, the conveying chain assembly comprising two synchronously conveying chain groups, a lifting channel for accommodating the coal tray is formed between the two chain groups; the chain group comprises: an upper drive shaft, the upper drive shaft being rotatably mounted on the chassis assembly; a lower drive shaft, the lower drive shaft being rotatably mounted on the chassis assembly and being located directly below the upper drive shaft; Two conveyor chains, each of which is provided with hanging ears; and a plurality of coal tray supports, wherein two ends of the coal tray supports are respectively fixed to the hanging ears of the two conveying chains; The upper drive shaft and the lower drive shaft are both fixed with lifting sprockets, and the conveying chain is wound around the two lifting sprockets located on the upper drive shaft and the lower drive shaft; A conveying device, wherein the conveying device corresponds to the position of the lifting channel; and a synchronous lifting self-locking device, wherein the synchronous lifting self-locking device drives the conveying chain to rotate in one direction.

9. A coal floating and sinking experimental system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The synchronous lifting self-locking device comprises: A lifting device, the lifting device comprising: A box body, wherein the box body is fixed on the chassis assembly; A long shaft, the long shaft is rotatably mounted on the box body, a first transmission gear is fixed to the middle of the long shaft, and one end of the long shaft is transmission-connected to a driving device; and a short shaft, the short shaft being rotatably mounted on the box body, a second transmission gear being fixed to the middle of the short shaft, the first transmission gear being meshed with the second transmission gear; The long shaft and the short shaft are both fixed with a driving sprocket, the upper driving shaft is fixed with a transmission sprocket, and the driving sprocket and the transmission sprocket are driven by a transmission chain; and a self-locking device, the self-locking device comprising: at least one ratchet, the ratchet being fixed on the major shaft or the minor shaft; and a ratchet pawl, wherein the ratchet pawl is mounted on the box body and matches the ratchet wheel.

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