A double-pole AC generator

Abstract

The present invention relates to a doubly salient AC generator, comprising: a motor shaft, a generator bracket, a stator, and a rotor sleeved on the motor shaft; and an intelligent voltage regulator connected to an armature winding and an excitation element. The intelligent voltage regulator obtains power from the armature winding and provides a repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element, while simultaneously outputting an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves. The technical solution provided by the present invention does not use an inverter to output AC voltage, and does not require high-current and high-voltage IGBT switching elements. It can fully replace synchronous excitation generators, achieving energy conservation and consumption reduction while ensuring that the cost of the generator set is no higher than that of a synchronous excitation generator set. The generator set has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, high temperature resistance, small size, light weight, and output voltage and frequency that are independent of speed. Furthermore, the use of a doubly salient motor can significantly reduce the use of copper and steel, thereby reducing the size and weight of the generator set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alternating current generators, and in particular to a double-salient pole alternating current generator. Background Art

[0002] A synchronous excitation generator is a traditional generator that outputs alternating current (AC). It consists of a rotor and stator. The stator has main and auxiliary windings, and the rotor has an excitation winding. The excitation voltage generated by the auxiliary winding or an external excitation power source is connected to the excitation coils on the rotor, generating current and creating a magnetic field. As the rotor rotates, an AC voltage is generated in the stator's main winding. The output frequency of a synchronous excitation generator is related to the number of rotor poles and rotor speed. The size and weight of its stator and rotor are more than double those of permanent magnet and doubly salient generators, and its efficiency is lower. Due to the high technological maturity and low price of synchronous excitation motors, most conventional generator sets currently use synchronous excitation generators. Using a permanent magnet motor instead of a synchronous excitation motor, and then using an inverter to convert the output to a stable AC voltage, can significantly reduce the size and weight of the generator set while improving the quality of the power output. It can also adjust the engine speed according to the load, saving fuel and reducing noise. Currently, synchronous excitation generators are gradually being replaced on a small scale. However, due to the high cost of inverters, the cost of inverter generator sets is higher than that of synchronous excitation generator sets, making inverter generator sets unable to completely replace synchronous excitation generator sets.

[0003] Synchronous excitation generator sets are cheap but large in size and weight. In order to ensure stable output frequency, the speed cannot be reduced. Inverter generators are small in size, light in weight, and have high power quality. They can reduce the speed at medium and low loads to save fuel and reduce noise, but their high cost makes them unsuitable for widespread promotion.

[0004] The doubly salient generator is a new type of generator, originally designed as a doubly salient DC generator. Its stator and rotor poles face each other, and the stator has an armature winding and excitation elements. The excitation elements can be electric excitation windings, permanent magnets, or both. The rotor of a doubly salient motor generally lacks permanent magnets, making it highly heat-resistant and easy to manufacture. The armature windings of a doubly salient DC generator output DC power through a rectifier bridge. By controlling the magnetic flux of the excitation windings, a stable DC voltage output is achieved, independent of the rotational speed. The doubly salient DC generator is comparable in size to a permanent magnet motor of the same power. It offers advantages such as low cost, simple structure, high-temperature resistance, and a small size and light weight. It is now widely used in aircraft generators and wind turbines. Its DC output can be directly connected to a DC load or converted to AC voltage via an inverter to power an AC load.

[0005] If a doubly salient-pole motor can be used to output AC voltage without an inverter, the size and weight of the generator set can be reduced, and the cost of the generator set can be no higher than that of a synchronous-excitation generator set. If the output AC voltage and frequency are controlled to be independent of the motor speed, the speed can be reduced on a fuel-fired generator set to save fuel and reduce noise, and the wind turbine generator set can adapt to various wind speeds. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a double-pole AC generator to output AC voltage without using an inverter, thereby reducing the size and weight of the generator set and ensuring that the cost of the generator set is no higher than that of a synchronous excitation generator set.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A doubly salient alternating current generator comprising:

[0009] A motor shaft, and a generator bracket, a stator and a rotor sleeved on the motor shaft;

[0010] The stator comprises: a stator core mounted on one side of the generator bracket, an armature winding wound on the salient poles of the stator core, and an excitation element arranged on the stator core;

[0011] The rotor comprises: a rotor housing, and a rotor core mounted inside the rotor housing, wherein the salient poles of the rotor core and the salient poles of the stator core are radially overlapped;

[0012] The double-pole AC generator also includes: an intelligent voltage regulation controller connected to the armature winding and the excitation element. The intelligent voltage regulation controller obtains power through the armature winding and provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element, while outputting an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves.

[0013] Preferably, the intelligent voltage regulation controller includes:

[0014] Excitation winding drive circuit, power supply circuit, microcontroller, AC gate output circuit;

[0015] The power supply circuit obtains power through the armature winding, and the excitation winding drive circuit provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element under the control of the microcontroller, and through the AC gated output circuit, the output voltage is an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves;

[0016] The magnitude of the sinusoidal half-wave current is positively correlated with the output AC voltage, and the current frequency is twice the output voltage frequency.

[0017] Preferably, the excitation element is a plurality of excitation coil windings;

[0018] The winding direction of the excitation coil winding is alternatingly arranged in forward-reverse-forward-reverse-forward-reverse, and the minimum value of the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is zero.

[0019] Preferably, at least one pair of permanent magnets is mounted on the rotor core, which induces an initial voltage for the armature winding when the engine rotates and supplies it to the intelligent voltage regulation controller.

[0020] Preferably, the excitation element comprises: at least one pair of permanent magnets and a plurality of excitation coil windings;

[0021] The winding direction of the excitation coil winding is alternatingly arranged in positive-negative-positive-negative-positive-negative order, and the minimum value of the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is negative. At the moment of the minimum value of the excitation current, the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet cancel each other out, and the resultant magnetic potential is zero.

[0022] Preferably, the excitation winding drive circuit includes:

[0023] Controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 and high-side and low-side drive circuits, the controllable switching elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a microcontroller, and the PWM waveform is a repeated sinusoidal half-wave generated by phase shift modulation.

[0024] Preferably, the excitation winding driving circuit is provided with an initial current by a battery BT1 through an isolation diode D20.

[0025] Preferably, the power supply circuit is a three-phase rectifier and filter circuit composed of diodes D11 to D16 and a filter capacitor C1.

[0026] Preferably, the power supply circuit is a three-phase bridge circuit consisting of controllable switching elements Q21~Q26 with anti-parallel diodes and a drive circuit. The controllable switching elements Q21~Q26 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a microcontroller 63. The PWM waveform is a waveform sequence that can drive the motor to start.

[0027] Preferably, the AC gating output circuit includes:

[0028] Thyristors SCR1~SCR12, filter capacitor C2, isolation trigger control circuit, among which,

[0029] The thyristors SCR1 to SCR12 and the isolated trigger control circuit are divided into a positive half-wave group and a negative half-wave group, which are controlled by the microcontroller to conduct in turn in the positive and negative half-waves to output AC voltage.

[0030] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The intelligent voltage regulation controller obtains power through the armature winding and provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element, while outputting an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves, thereby achieving the output of AC voltage without using an inverter and not requiring high-current and high-voltage IGBT switching elements. It can be produced entirely with domestically produced electronic components, can fully replace synchronous excitation generators, and achieve the purpose of energy conservation and consumption reduction, and can make the cost of the generator set no higher than that of the synchronous excitation generator set. It has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, high temperature resistance, small size, light weight, and output voltage and frequency being independent of speed. At the same time, due to the use of a double-pole motor, the use of copper and steel can be greatly reduced, which can reduce the size and weight of the generator set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 An exploded view of a doubly salient AC generator provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an excitation element provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an excitation element provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of an intelligent voltage regulation controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of an intelligent voltage regulator controller is provided for another embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 The excitation coil winding current waveform I, UVW three-phase main winding voltage waveform U are provided in one embodiment of the present invention. UVW , and AC output voltage waveform U OUT Waveform relationship comparison chart. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] See also Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a doubly salient AC generator, comprising:

[0042] A motor shaft 5, and a generator bracket 4, a stator and a rotor sleeved on the motor shaft 5;

[0043] The stator includes: a stator core 3 mounted on one side of a generator bracket 4, an armature winding 31 wound on the salient poles of the stator core 3, and an excitation element 32 arranged on the stator core 3;

[0044] The rotor comprises: a rotor housing 1, and a rotor core 2 mounted inside the rotor housing 1, wherein the salient poles of the rotor core 2 and the salient poles of the stator core 3 are radially overlapped;

[0045] The double-pole AC generator also includes: an intelligent voltage regulation controller 6 connected to the armature winding 31 and the excitation element 32. The intelligent voltage regulation controller 6 obtains power through the armature winding 31 and provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element 32, while outputting an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves.

[0046] It should be noted that the rotor core 2 can be arranged on the outer circumference of the stator core 3, such as Figure 1 As shown, a low-power generator is realized; in some application scenarios, the user can also set the stator core 3 on the outer circumference of the rotor core 2 as needed to realize a high-power generator.

[0047] It is understandable that the technical solution provided in this embodiment is that the intelligent voltage regulation controller obtains power through the armature winding and provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element, while outputting an alternating positive and negative half-wave AC voltage (AC voltage from Figure 1The AC output terminal 65 shown is output), thereby achieving the output of AC voltage without using an inverter, and does not require IGBT switching elements with large current and high voltage. It can be produced entirely with domestically produced electronic components, can completely replace the synchronous excitation generator, and achieve the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction, and can make the cost of the generator set no higher than that of the synchronous excitation generator set. It has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, high temperature resistance, small size, light weight, and the output voltage and frequency are independent of the speed. At the same time, due to the use of a double-pole motor, the use of copper and steel can be greatly reduced, and the size and weight of the generator set can be reduced.

[0048] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 Preferably, the intelligent voltage regulation controller 6 includes:

[0049] Excitation winding drive circuit 61, power supply circuit 62, microcontroller 63, AC gate output circuit 64;

[0050] The power supply circuit 62 obtains power from the armature winding 31. The excitation winding drive circuit 61 provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element 32 under the control of the microcontroller 63. The AC gated output circuit 64 outputs an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves.

[0051] The magnitude of the sinusoidal half-wave current is positively correlated with the output AC voltage, and the current frequency is twice the output voltage frequency.

[0052] Preferably, see Figure 2 , the excitation element 32 is a plurality of excitation coil windings;

[0053] The winding direction of the excitation coil winding is alternatingly arranged in forward-reverse-forward-reverse-forward-reverse, and the minimum value of the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is zero.

[0054] Preferably, at least one pair of permanent magnets is mounted on the rotor core 2 to induce an initial voltage for the armature winding 31 when the engine rotates and supply the initial voltage to the intelligent voltage regulating controller 6 (not shown in the drawings).

[0055] Preferably, see Figure 3 , the excitation element 32 includes: at least one pair of permanent magnets 33 and a plurality of excitation coil windings;

[0056] The winding direction of the excitation coil winding is alternatingly arranged in positive-negative-positive-negative-positive-negative order, and the minimum value of the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is negative. At the moment of the minimum value of the excitation current, the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet cancel each other out, and the resultant magnetic potential is zero.

[0057] It can be understood that the synthetic magnetic potential generated by the excitation coil winding and the permanent magnet is zero when the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current is at the minimum value. Due to the presence of the permanent magnet, the armature winding can obtain the initial voltage when the excitation coil winding is not energized.

[0058] Preferably, see Figure 4 , the excitation winding drive circuit 61 includes:

[0059] Controllable switch elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 and high-side and low-side drive circuits, the controllable switch elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a microcontroller 63, and the PWM waveform is a repeated sinusoidal half-wave generated by phase shift modulation.

[0060] Preferably, see Figure 5 The excitation winding driving circuit 61 is provided with an initial current by a battery BT1 through an isolation diode D20.

[0061] Preferably, see Figure 4 The power supply circuit 62 is a three-phase rectifier and filter circuit composed of diodes D11 to D16 and a filter capacitor C1.

[0062] Preferably, see Figure 5 The power supply circuit 62 is a three-phase bridge circuit consisting of controllable switching elements Q21~Q26 with anti-parallel diodes and a drive circuit. The controllable switching elements Q21~Q26 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a microcontroller 63. The PWM waveform is a waveform sequence that can drive the motor to start.

[0063] It can be understood that when the motor is stationary, the microcontroller 63 can make Q21~Q26 turn on in time according to the sensorless driving mode of the switched reluctance motor to start the generator, or it can make Q21~Q26 turn on in time according to the sensorless driving mode of the doubly salient DC motor, and at the same time pass DC current through the excitation winding 32 to start the generator; after the generator starts running, its anti-parallel diode acts as a rectifier to rectify the voltage generated by the armature winding 31 and provide power to the excitation winding drive circuit 61.

[0064] Preferably, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the AC gate output circuit 64 includes:

[0065] Thyristors SCR1~SCR12, filter capacitor C2, isolation trigger control circuit, among which,

[0066] The thyristors SCR1 to SCR12 and the isolated trigger control circuit are divided into a positive half-wave group and a negative half-wave group, and are controlled by the microcontroller 63 to conduct in turn in the positive and negative half-waves to output an AC voltage.

[0067] In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solution provided by the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The control method and principle of a doubly salient AC generator of the present invention as a preferred embodiment 1 are explained as follows:

[0068] In this embodiment, the doubly salient AC generator comprises:

[0069] A motor shaft 5, and a generator bracket 4, a stator and a rotor sleeved on the motor shaft 5;

[0070] The stator includes: a stator core 3 mounted on one side of a generator bracket 4, an armature winding 31 wound on the salient poles of the stator core 3, and an excitation element 32 arranged on the stator core 3;

[0071] The rotor comprises: a rotor housing 1, and a rotor core 2 mounted inside the rotor housing 1, wherein the rotor core 2 is arranged along the outer circumference of the stator core 3; the salient poles of the rotor core 2 and the salient poles of the stator core 3 are radially overlapped;

[0072] The double-pole AC generator also includes: an intelligent voltage regulation controller 6 connected to the armature winding 31 and the excitation element 32. The intelligent voltage regulation controller 6 obtains power through the armature winding 31 and provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element 32, while outputting an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves.

[0073] The excitation element 32 includes: at least one pair of permanent magnets 33 and a plurality of excitation coil windings;

[0074] The winding direction of the excitation coil winding is alternatingly arranged in positive-negative-positive-negative-positive-negative order, and the minimum value of the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is negative. At the moment of the minimum value of the excitation current, the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet cancel each other out, and the resultant magnetic potential is zero.

[0075] Insulation material is filled between the excitation coil winding and the stator core 3. Both the stator core 3 and the rotor core 2 are salient pole types. Figure 3 ;

[0076] The armature winding 31 is divided into two groups. The XYZ group supplies power to the excitation winding drive circuit 61 and is an auxiliary winding. The other group, UVW, is the main winding and supplies power to the AC gate output circuit 64. The armature winding 31 follows the winding rules of the doubly salient motor, with each phase coil wound in the forward-reverse-forward-reverse-forward-reverse pattern.

[0077] The motor shaft 5 rotates when driven by a power machine such as an internal combustion engine, a steam turbine, or a wind turbine. Since the stator core 3 is equipped with permanent magnets, the stator core 3 induces a voltage in the auxiliary armature winding XYZ, which is rectified into a DC current by the power supply circuit 62 of the intelligent voltage regulation controller 6. The microcontroller 63 provides a control signal to Q11 to Q14 of the excitation winding drive circuit 61, so that the excitation coil winding obtains current, thereby causing the armature winding 31 to obtain an appropriate output voltage.

[0078] See also Figure 6 The microcontroller 63 provides a repeated half-sine wave modulated PWM signal to Q11~Q14, so that the excitation current I flowing through the excitation coil winding is a repeated half-sine wave with a frequency of the output AC current U OUT The frequency is twice that of the excitation current I, and the minimum value of the excitation current I is negative. The synthetic magnetic potential generated by the excitation coil winding and the permanent magnet is zero at the minimum current value. At this time, the output of the armature winding 31 is also zero. The microcontroller 63 outputs a control signal during the first sinusoidal half-wave of the excitation current to turn on the positive half-wave control group SCR1 to SCR6 of the AC gated output circuit 64. The armature winding 31 outputs a positive half-wave output voltage through SCR1 to SCR6 and is filtered by C2. During this period, SCR7 to SCR12 are not turned on without a trigger signal. The microcontroller 63 outputs a control signal during the second sinusoidal half-wave of the excitation current I to turn on the negative half-wave control group SCR7 to SCR12 of the AC gated output circuit 64. The armature winding 31 outputs a negative half-wave output voltage U through SCR7 to SCR12 and is filtered by C2. OUT During this period, SCR1~SCR6 are not turned on without a trigger signal; thus, an alternating positive and negative AC voltage is obtained at the output end of the AC selection output circuit 64, and the magnitude of the output voltage is positively correlated with the current passing through the excitation coil winding, and the output frequency is half of the frequency of the repeated sinusoidal half-wave current of the excitation coil winding. Through the control setting of the microcontroller 63, the output voltage and frequency can be stabilized at the rated value as needed; the induced voltage frequency of the armature winding 31 of the double-pole motor is related to the motor speed and the number of stator and rotor salient poles.

[0079] like Figure 3 The induced voltage frequency of the armature winding 31 of the stator and rotor shown in the figure is 720HZ when the motor speed is 3000 rpm. If the output frequency is set to 50HZ, each sinusoidal AC cycle is composed of dozens of voltage waveforms superimposed by C2 filtering. Since the excitation coil winding passes a sinusoidally varying current, the synthetic magnetic potential of the motor also varies sinusoidally, so the output voltage also varies sinusoidally. The waveform diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 6 , respectively, the excitation coil winding current waveform I, UVW three-phase main winding voltage waveform U UVW , and AC output voltage waveform U OUT .

[0080] The doubly salient AC generator provided in this embodiment has an output frequency that is a few tenths of the armature winding output frequency and is completely independent of the motor speed. Its output voltage can also be adjusted by the excitation current, allowing it to output a stable AC voltage over a wide speed range. This allows this motor to reduce speed at lower loads to save fuel and reduce noise when used in internal combustion generator sets. When used in wind turbines, it can adapt to a wide range of wind speeds without changing the output voltage frequency. Due to the high armature power generation frequency, the doubly salient AC generator significantly improves material utilization. Compared to synchronous excitation generators, it can reduce volume and weight by more than half, significantly reducing copper and steel consumption and lowering costs. The doubly salient AC generator uses no or only excitation permanent magnets, maintaining performance at high temperatures. The rotor has no coil windings, resulting in a simple structure, high temperature resistance, and excellent reliability. The doubly salient AC generator does not use high-current, high-voltage semiconductor switching components. Instead, the low-power MOSFETs, IGBTs, and high-power thyristors used are all fully domestically produced, resulting in low costs and a sufficient supply chain.

[0081] In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solution provided by the present invention, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5 The control method and principle of a doubly salient AC generator of the present invention as a preferred embodiment 2 are explained as follows:

[0082] Compared with the preferred embodiment 1, the power supply circuit 62 of the preferred embodiment 2 is a controllable switching element Q21~Q26, and a battery BT1 and an isolation diode D20 are added. A single armature winding is used for power supply, and the permanent magnet on the stator core 3 is removed. Due to the addition of the battery BT1, the double-pole AC generator of this design can use the battery to provide the initial excitation current to the excitation winding to establish the excitation magnetic potential, thereby eliminating the need to add permanent magnets to the stator core or the rotor core to obtain the initial excitation current. When the motor is used in an application requiring self-starting, when the motor speed is zero, the battery can provide current. The microcontroller can make Q21~Q26 turn on in time according to the sensorless driving mode of the switched reluctance motor to start the generator, or it can make Q21~Q26 turn on in time according to the sensorless driving mode of the doubly salient DC motor, and at the same time pass DC current through the excitation winding to start the generator. After the motor rotates, it drives the power machinery to rotate, so that the power machinery obtains the initial speed and enters the running state to drive the generator to generate electricity. After the generator starts to run, Q21~Q26 is turned off, and its anti-parallel diode plays a rectifying role to rectify the voltage generated by the armature winding and provide power for the excitation winding drive circuit 61.

[0083] The technical solution provided in this embodiment can achieve motor self-starting at the lowest cost. When applied to an internal combustion generator set, lower costs can be achieved, and not using a starter motor can further reduce the weight of the entire machine.

[0084] It should be noted that the above embodiments do not provide detailed descriptions of the current and voltage control of the microcontroller, the isolation triggering of the thyristor, the driving of the IGBT and MOSFET, the starting of the switched reluctance motor, the starting of the double-pole DC motor, etc. These technologies are all existing technologies and can be obtained through the Internet, books, etc., and will not be described in detail here; the semiconductor switching elements IGBT or MOSFET, or thyristor in the embodiments are not limited to the use of IGBT or MOSFET, or thyristor, and can be replaced with other elements that can perform the function of electronic switches according to the needs of cost and new material development. The relevant replacements should be regarded as equivalent replacements and are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0085] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" refers to two or more, unless otherwise expressly defined.

Claims

1. A doubly salient AC generator, characterized in that: include: A motor shaft (5), a generator bracket (4), a stator, and a rotor sleeved on the motor shaft (5); The stator comprises: a stator core (3) mounted on one side of a generator bracket (4), an armature winding (31) wound on a salient pole of the stator core (3), and an excitation element (32) arranged on the stator core (3); The rotor comprises: a rotor housing (1), and a rotor core (2) mounted on the inner side of the rotor housing (1), wherein the salient poles of the rotor core (2) and the salient poles of the stator core (3) are radially overlapped with each other; The double-salient-pole AC generator further includes: an intelligent voltage regulating controller (6) connected to the armature winding (31) and the excitation element (32); the intelligent voltage regulating controller (6) obtains power through the armature winding (31), and provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element (32), while outputting an AC voltage with alternating positive and negative half-waves; The intelligent voltage regulation controller (6) comprises: Excitation winding drive circuit (61), power supply circuit (62), microcontroller (63), AC gate output circuit (64); The power supply circuit (62) obtains power through the armature winding (31), and the excitation winding drive circuit (61) provides repeated sinusoidal half-wave current to the excitation element (32) under the control of the microcontroller (63), and through the AC selection output circuit (64), the output voltage is an AC voltage with positive and negative half-waves alternately output; wherein the magnitude of the sinusoidal half-wave current is positively correlated with the output AC voltage, and the current frequency is twice the output voltage frequency.

2. The doubly salient AC generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation element (32) is a plurality of excitation coil windings; The winding direction of the excitation coil winding is alternatingly arranged in forward-reverse-forward-reverse-forward-reverse, and the minimum value of the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is zero.

3. The doubly salient AC generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one pair of permanent magnets is mounted on the rotor core (2), which induces an initial voltage for the armature winding (31) when the engine rotates and supplies it to the intelligent voltage regulating controller (6).

4. The doubly salient AC generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation element (32) includes: at least one pair of permanent magnets (33) and a plurality of excitation coil windings; The winding direction of the excitation coil winding is alternatingly arranged in positive-negative-positive-negative-positive-negative order, and the minimum value of the sinusoidal half-wave excitation current flowing through the excitation coil winding is negative. At the moment of the minimum value of the excitation current, the magnetic field generated by the excitation winding and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet cancel each other out, and the resultant magnetic potential is zero.

5. The doubly salient AC generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation winding drive circuit (61) comprises: Controllable switch elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 and high-side and low-side drive circuits, wherein the controllable switch elements Q11, Q12, Q13, Q14 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a microcontroller (63), wherein the PWM waveform is generated by phase-shift modulation of a repeated sinusoidal half wave.

6. The doubly salient AC generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excitation winding driving circuit (61) is provided with an initial current by a battery BT1 through an isolation diode D20.

7. The doubly salient AC generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit (62) is a three-phase rectifier filter circuit composed of diodes D11 to D16 and a filter capacitor C1.

8. The doubly salient AC generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit (62) is a three-phase bridge circuit consisting of controllable switch elements Q21-Q26 with anti-parallel diodes and a drive circuit. The controllable switch elements Q21-Q26 are driven by a PWM waveform generated by a microcontroller (63). The PWM waveform is a waveform sequence that can drive the motor to start.

9. The doubly salient AC generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The AC gate output circuit (64) comprises: Thyristor SCR1~SCR12, filter capacitor C2, isolation trigger control circuit, among which, The thyristors SCR1 to SCR12 and the isolated trigger control circuit are divided into a positive half-wave group and a negative half-wave group, and are controlled by a microcontroller (63) to conduct in turn in the positive and negative half-waves to output an AC voltage.

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