A chestnut shelling device

Abstract

A chestnut shelling device is used to cut and remove the hard shell of chestnuts, solving the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency and high breakage rate of existing heating or extrusion shelling devices. The present invention is composed of a hopper, a shelling pipe, an actuator and a storage box. The chestnuts enter from the hopper, and after being strengthened by the actuator, the shelling pipe cuts a knife path on the chestnut hard shell, and the chestnut hard shell cracks along the knife path. After the end of the shelling pipe is molted, the chestnut enters the storage box. The present invention decomposes the complex spatial curved surface of the chestnut hard shell into a simple knife path curve, and the knife ring cuts a closed knife path and a cross knife path on the chestnut hard shell. The chestnut hard shell cracks along the knife path and is separated from the chestnut kernel. Compared with other chestnut shelling devices, the present invention has the advantages of low energy consumption, simple structure, high shelling rate and intact kernel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a chestnut shelling device, which aims at peeling the hard chestnut shells and solves the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency and high breakage rate of the existing chestnut shelling devices. Background Art

[0002] Most chestnuts in my country are planted in the hilly areas in southern my country. They have high nutritional value and unique taste, and are important agricultural and sideline products. The chestnut shell is hard and hemispherical. The chestnuts just picked from the tree are composed of three parts: the thorn ball, the chestnut hard shell, and the chestnut kernel. There are currently three technical solutions for the problem of chestnut shelling. The first is the cutting method, which uses a high-speed rotating tool to cut the chestnut hard shell, and the damaged chestnut hard shell is separated from the chestnut kernel by a flap fan, and the chestnut hard shell and chestnut kernel are separated by airflow; the second is the heating method, which uses microwaves to make the water molecules inside the chestnut rub to generate heat, convert magnetic energy into thermal energy, and make the chestnut hard shell burst; the third is the rubbing method, which separates the chestnut hard shell from the chestnut kernel by kneading the rubber and rebar, and uses a blower with a conveyor belt to classify and store the chestnut kernel and chestnut hard shell.

[0003] However, the inventors of this application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiment of this application:

[0004] In the first cutting method, the high-speed rotating cutter and the beating fan are arranged on one side of the chestnut conveyor belt. Whether the rotating cutter can cut the hard shell of the chestnut is determined by the distance between the cutter and the chestnut, which is usually determined by the average size of the chestnut. Since the posture of the chestnut in the equipment and the individual differences of the chestnut affect the interaction force between the chestnut and the cutter, this method will inevitably squeeze some chestnuts, the energy consumption of the machine equipment is large, and the shelling rate and the intact rate of chestnut kernels are difficult to control;

[0005] The second heating method: chestnut growth and storage are directly related to the environment. It is difficult to keep the moisture in a single chestnut consistent. It is difficult to ensure that all chestnut hard shells are separated at the same time by heating. If the broken chestnuts are not separated from the unbroken chestnuts in time, it is easy to cause overheating and damage to the chestnut kernels. The storage period of heated chestnuts is short. The microwave energy consumption is large during the shelling process. The equipment is complex and has low reliability.

[0006] The third method is kneading. The physical properties of the thorn ball, chestnut hard shell and chestnut kernel are different. The kneading method is suitable for separating the chestnut external thorn ball from the chestnut hard shell, but the rubber and rebar do not have cutting edges, and the extrusion method is difficult to separate the chestnut hard shell from the chestnut kernel.

[0007] Due to the irregular shape of chestnut shells, existing mechanical cutting and rubbing shelling methods use regular knives to operate, which makes it difficult to remove each chestnut shell. Reducing the shelling rate will cause a large amount of chestnut waste, and increasing the shelling rate will inevitably squeeze the chestnuts and damage the chestnut kernels. Therefore, it is necessary to design an economical and efficient chestnut shelling device for the irregular shape of chestnut shells. Summary of the invention

[0008] The invention provides a chestnut shelling device for separating the chestnut hard shell from the kernel.

[0009] The present invention provides a chestnut shelling device, comprising a hopper, a shelling pipe, an actuating device and a storage box. The shelling pipe connects the hopper, the actuating device and the storage box. Chestnuts enter the shelling pipe from the hopper, and the actuating device increases the force for the chestnut movement. The chestnuts pass through the shelling pipe to cut a knife path on the chestnut hard shell, and the chestnut hard shell cracks along the knife path. The chestnut kernel and the chestnut hard shell are separated and then enter the storage box.

[0010] Furthermore, the tool path includes a closed tool path surrounding the chestnut shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the hopper outlet is the diameter of the maximum circumscribed circle of the chestnut outer contour, and the diameter of the hopper outlet is the same as the diameter of the shelling pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the shelling pipeline is a hollow slender curved structure, and the shelling pipeline comprises a pipeline and a 90-degree turning elbow. The number of the pipelines is at least 2, the number of the 90-degree turning elbows is at least 1, and the 90-degree elbow is placed between two of the pipelines.

[0013] Furthermore, the end of the shelling pipeline is a truncated cone structure made of flexible material.

[0014] Furthermore, at least one knife ring is disposed in the pipeline, the knife ring is arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the plane of the knife ring is parallel to the cross section of the pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the knife ring includes at least two symmetrical blades, and the cutting edges of the blades are arranged in a plane formed by the adjacent pipe axes, and the distance from the tip of the blade to the center of the pipe is less than the maximum circumscribed circle radius of the chestnut outer contour.

[0016] Furthermore, the actuating device includes a handle and a push rod, the lower end of the push rod is in contact with the chestnut, and the handle drives the push rod to reciprocate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The present invention decomposes the complex spatial curved surface of the chestnut shell into simple tool path curves, and the chestnut shell is cut in sequence by a knife ring arranged in a pipe, and a closed tool path and a cross tool path are cut on the chestnut shell. The chestnut shell is cracked along the tool path and separated from the chestnut kernel. Compared with a mechanical extrusion type chestnut shelling device, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, low energy consumption, high shelling rate and intact kernels; compared with a heating type chestnut shelling device, the present invention has the advantages of simple components, low operating cost, high reliability and easy preservation of kernels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a mechanical structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the knife ring structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Markings in the figure: hopper 1, shelling pipe 2, actuator 3, storage box 4, chestnut 5, knife ring 21, vertical pipe 22, 90 degree elbow 23, horizontal pipe 24, upper blade 211, left blade 212, lower blade 213, right blade 214, handle 301, middle connecting rod 302, push rod 303. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 As shown is a mechanical structure diagram of an embodiment, the chestnut shelling device consists of a hopper 1, a shelling pipe 2, an actuator 3, and a storage box 4; the chestnut 5 has a complex spatial curved surface, approximately an ellipsoid; the outlet diameter of the hopper 1 is the maximum circumscribed circle diameter of the outer contour of the chestnut 5, and the diameter of the hopper 1 outlet is the same as the diameter of the shelling pipe 2; the shelling pipe 2 is a hollow curved structure, and the shelling pipe 2 connects the hopper 1, the actuator 3 and the storage box 4.

[0024] The shelling pipeline 2 is composed of a knife ring 21, a vertical pipeline 22, a 90-degree elbow 23 and a horizontal pipeline 24. The horizontal pipeline 24 and the vertical pipeline 22 each contain two knife rings 21, and the 90-degree elbow 23 is placed between the horizontal pipeline 24 and the vertical pipeline 22. The end of the shelling pipeline 2 is a truncated cone structure made of a flexible material, and the end outlet diameter of the shelling pipeline 2 is smaller than the diameter of the maximum circumscribed circle of the outer contour of the chestnut. The axes of the horizontal pipeline 24 and the vertical pipeline 22 form a reference plane, and the installation of the knife ring 21 is based on this plane.

[0025] The actuating device 3 is composed of a handle 301, a middle connecting rod 302, and a push rod 303. The handle 301 and the base are hinged, the handle 301 and the middle connecting rod 302 are hinged, the middle connecting rod 302 and the push rod 303 are hinged, and the push rod 303 is slidably connected in the vertical pipe 22. The handle 301 can rotate around the hinge point, and the push rod 303 performs linear reciprocating motion in the vertical pipe 22.

[0026] The actuating device 3 converts the rotary motion of the handle 301 into the linear reciprocating motion of the push rod 303 through the middle connecting rod 302. The length of the piston at the lower end of the push rod 303 is greater than the diameter of the vertical pipe 22. When the push rod 303 moves downward quickly, the piston at the lower end of the push rod 303 blocks the outlet of the hopper 1 and applies a downward force to the chestnuts 5 in the vertical pipe 22, so that the chestnuts 5 move downward at an accelerated speed; when the push rod 303 moves upward, the piston at the lower end of the push rod 303 opens the outlet of the hopper 1, and the chestnuts 5 in the hopper 1 enter the vertical pipe 22 of the shelling pipe 2.

[0027] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the knife ring of the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The knife ring 21 is arranged along the axial direction of the shelling pipeline 2, and the knife ring is composed of 4 blades, which are the upper blade 211, the left blade 212, the lower blade 213, and the right blade 214. The 4 blades are symmetrically distributed in the cross section of the shelling pipeline 2. The left blade 212 and the right blade 214 in the vertical pipeline 22, and the left blade 212 and the right blade 214 in the horizontal pipeline 24, these four blades are all arranged in the reference plane formed by the axis of the vertical pipeline 22 and the horizontal pipeline 24.

[0028] There is point contact between the chestnut 5 and the shelling pipe 2. The normal pressure of the shelling pipe 2 on the chestnut 5 is small, and the force exerted by the knife ring 21 on the chestnut 5 is the same in magnitude and direction. Therefore, the chestnut 5 is not subjected to a torque causing it to roll in the shelling pipe 2. The chestnut 5 can only slide in the shelling pipe 2. Therefore, the chestnut 5 always maintains the same posture in the shelling pipe 2.

[0029] During the operation of the device, the chestnuts 5 to be shelled slide from the hopper 1 into the shelling pipe 2 under the action of gravity, the handle 301 of the actuating device 3 is rotated, the push rod 303 reciprocates, and the lower end of the push rod 303 pushes the chestnuts 5. Under the thrust of the push rod 303, the chestnuts 5 move at high speed in the vertical pipe 22, and the knife ring 21 fixed on the vertical pipe 22 cuts the hard shell of the chestnut 5; the chestnuts 5 pass through the 90-degree elbow 23 while keeping the posture unchanged, and change from vertical downward movement to horizontal leftward movement; the chestnuts 5 move at high speed in the horizontal pipe 24, and the knife ring 21 fixed on the horizontal pipe 24 cuts the hard shell of the chestnut 5 again.

[0030] Since the posture of the chestnut 5 remains consistent during the movement in the vertical pipe 22 and the horizontal pipe 24, the left and right knife paths cut on the hard shell of the chestnut 5 by the left end blade 212 and the right end blade 214 of the vertical pipe 22 and the upper and lower knife paths cut on the hard shell of the chestnut 5 by the left end blade 212 and the right end blade 214 of the horizontal pipe 24 constitute a closed knife path surrounding the outer surface of the chestnut 5; the knife path cut on the hard shell of the chestnut 5 by the upper end blade 211 and the lower end blade 213 of the vertical pipe 22 and the knife path cut on the hard shell of the chestnut 5 by the upper end blade 211 and the lower end blade 213 of the horizontal pipe 24 constitute a cross knife path on the shell of the chestnut 5.

[0031] After the chestnut 5 passes through the knife rings in the vertical pipe 22 and the horizontal pipe 24 in turn, closed knife paths and cross knife paths appear on the hard shell of the chestnut 5, the tension inside the hard shell of the chestnut 5 is released, and the hard shell of the chestnut 5 cracks along the knife path. When the chestnut 5 passes through the outlet of the shelling pipe 2, the contraction effect of the end of the shelling pipe 2 produces a molting effect, so that the broken hard shell of the chestnut 5 is separated from the chestnut kernel, and the chestnut kernel and the chestnut hard shell enter the storage box 4.

[0032] Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention. If these modifications and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, then these modifications and variations are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] The contents not described in detail in the specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A chestnut shelling device, comprising a hopper, a shelling pipeline, an actuating device and a storage box, characterized in that: The shelling pipeline is connected to the hopper, the actuating device and the storage box. The chestnuts enter the shelling pipeline from the hopper, and the actuating device increases the force for the movement of the chestnuts. The chestnuts pass through the shelling pipeline to cut a knife path on the chestnut hard shell. The knife path includes a closed knife path surrounding the chestnut hard shell. The shelling pipeline is a hollow slender curve structure. The shelling pipeline includes a pipeline and a 90-degree turning elbow. The number of the pipelines is at least 2, and the number of the 90-degree turning elbows is at least 1. The 90-degree elbow is placed between two of the pipelines. The pipelines all include a knife ring. The chestnut hard shell is cracked along the knife path, and the chestnut kernel and the chestnut hard shell are separated and enter the storage box.

2. The chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the hopper outlet is the diameter of the largest circumscribed circle of the chestnut outer contour, and the diameter of the hopper outlet is the same as the diameter of the shelling pipeline.

3. The chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the shelling pipeline is a truncated cone structure made of flexible material.

4. The chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knife ring is arranged along the axial direction of the pipeline, and the plane of the knife ring is parallel to the cross section of the pipeline.

5. The chestnut shelling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The knife ring comprises at least two symmetrical blades, and the cutting edges of the blades are arranged in a plane formed by the adjacent pipe axes, and the distance from the tip of the blade to the center of the pipe is less than the maximum circumscribed circle radius of the chestnut outer contour.

6. The chestnut shelling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuating device comprises a handle and a push rod, the lower end of the push rod is in contact with the chestnut, and the handle drives the push rod to reciprocate.

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