A device and method for determining the effect of pesticides on the host localization ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for measuring the effect of pesticides on the host positioning ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps and a method of use. The device includes an activated carbon washing chamber, a gas flow meter, a liquid washing bottle, a measuring tube and a vacuum pump; the bottom right side of the measuring tube body is provided with an access port for the parasitic wasp to be tested, and the left side is provided with an access port for volatiles related to the host positioning of the parasitic wasp. The number of measuring tubes is set to 4, and 4 parasitic wasps can be observed at the same time; the measuring tubes are placed on a tube rack, and isolation baffles are provided between the measuring tubes to effectively avoid learning behavior between parasitic wasps. The present invention uses a longer glass tube as the main measuring equipment. Generally, the device for measuring the olfactory response of insects mainly measures the selectivity of insects to different substances, while the present invention focuses on measuring the changes in the host positioning time of parasitic wasps under the influence of pesticides.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of insect behavior observation, and in particular relates to a device for measuring the influence of pesticides on the host positioning ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps. Background Art

[0002] Natural enemy insects are one of the natural regulatory factors of pests and an important natural control factor in the change of pest population. Whitefly parasitic natural enemies are numerous and abundant in resources. At present, more than 50 species of whitefly parasitic wasps have been reported at home and abroad, of which 35 belong to the genus Encarsia of the family Aphelinidae, 15 belong to the genus Eretmocerus, 3 belong to the genus Amitus, 2 belong to the genus Signiphora, and 1 belongs to the genus Metaphycus. The number of parasitic wasps is still increasing. my country has relatively rich resources of whitefly parasitic wasps. It has been reported that there are 27 parasitic wasps that can parasitize whiteflies, accounting for more than half of the global species, of which 21 belong to the genus Encarsia and 6 belong to the genus Metaphycus. Parasitic wasps of whitefly pests have been successfully used in the biological control of whiteflies. For example, Encarsia formasa is an important parasitic wasp in the genus Encarsia and a specialized parasitic natural enemy of whiteflies. It has been used to control greenhouse whiteflies (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) since 1927, with considerable results.

[0003] In the integrated control of whiteflies, chemical control still occupies a dominant position. Commonly used chemical insecticides mainly include neonicotinoids (thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, etc.), conventional nerve agents (such as cypermethrin, acephate, amitraz, etc.) and insect growth regulators (buprofezin, pyriproxyfen, etc.). The use of insecticides can quickly reduce the population of whiteflies, but it will also cause varying degrees of damage to natural enemy insects. Under natural conditions, the insecticides applied to the field will continue to degrade to sublethal concentrations over time. The dose of insecticides that parasitic natural enemies are exposed to is not enough to kill them, and the natural enemy insects still have certain behavioral abilities, at which time sublethal effects will occur. The impact of the sublethal effect of insecticides on the pest control ability of parasitic natural enemies is mainly manifested in the impact on the three stages of natural enemy insect host positioning, oviposition parasitism, and post-parasitism growth and development. Among the behaviors of natural enemy insects, chemical communication behavior is closely related to the pest control ability of natural enemies. Natural enemy insects mainly use plant volatiles and host volatiles to locate the host environment. Sublethal doses of pesticides can affect the normal chemical communication of insects. Different types of pesticides have different effects on insect behavior due to their different modes of action. Nerve-toxic pesticides can change the permeability of insect nerve membranes, causing abnormal excitement in the insect nervous system, leading to increased or decreased nerve activity; other pesticides may have effects such as repelling and attracting insects.

[0004] Devices for measuring insect olfactory-related behaviors are usually "two-arm olfactometers", "four-arm olfactometers", "eight-arm olfactometers", "M-shaped olfactometers", etc. These olfactometers can usually only measure the tendency of test insects to different substances, and cannot systematically measure the time that insects tend to a substance; moreover, when measuring insects treated with toxic substances such as pesticides, these devices artificially transfer the test insects, so that the insects whose activity is already weak after being treated with pesticides may be damaged again by artificial means, thereby affecting the test results. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is to solve the problem that ordinary olfactory devices can only measure the selection of insects for different substances, but cannot measure the change of insect positioning ability after the influence of insecticides, and provide a measuring device that is simple to operate and easy to observe. The device can use multiple measuring tubes to measure at the same time, which is convenient and easy to operate, reduces the operating steps of the traditional olfactory measuring device for measuring insects with a single head, shortens the test time, makes the measurement fast and simple, and improves the work efficiency.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution.

[0007] A device for measuring the effect of pesticides on the host positioning ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps, the device comprises an activated carbon washing chamber, a gas flow meter, a liquid washing bottle, a measuring tube and an air pump. The activated carbon washing chamber, the gas flow meter and the liquid washing bottle are sequentially connected to the left side of the measuring tube through a rubber hose, the air pump is connected to the right side of the measuring tube through three Y-shaped tubes and a rubber hose, and the measuring tube is placed in a tube rack, and the overall connection of the device is completed.

[0008] Furthermore, the measuring tube structure mainly includes a tube body, and covers A are provided at both ends of the tube body. A short tube interface is provided in the center of the cover A, and an isolation net is provided in the short tube interface. The setting of the cover A facilitates the cleaning of the inside of the measuring tube between test repetitions to avoid the influence of residual substances inside on the test results.

[0009] Furthermore, a parasitic wasp access port to be tested is provided on the right side of the bottom of the tube body, extending into the interior of the tube body and connected to a truncated cone, and a poison bottle is inside the parasitic wasp access port; a volatile substance access port related to the positioning of the parasitic wasp host is provided on the left side of the bottom of the tube body, extending into the interior of the tube body, and a volatile substance column is inside the volatile substance access port; and a cover B is provided at the bottom of the access ports on both sides.

[0010] Further, the measuring tubes are 4 hollow cylindrical long tubes with a length of 120 cm, an inner diameter of 10 cm, and an outer diameter of 10.5 cm. The parasitic bee access port to be tested and the volatile access port are respectively located at 10 cm from both sides of the bottom of the tube body; the parasitic bee access port to be tested and the volatile access port are respectively hollow circular tubes with a length of 8 cm, an inner diameter of 3.2 cm, and an outer diameter of 3.5 cm, and penetrate 5 cm into the tube body; the parasitic bee access port, the volatile access port, and the tube body are all made of glass. The setting of the material and specification of the measuring tube matches the body shape of the parasitic bee, which is convenient for observing the activities of the parasitic bee inside the measuring tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the cover A is 10 cm, the inner diameter of the central short tube interface is 1 cm, and the length is 3 cm. The isolation net is arranged inside the short tube interface, and the mesh number is 120. The materials of the cover A and the short tube interface (4.2) are both glass, and the isolation net material is iron wire.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the truncated cone is 5 cm and the thickness is 0.5 cm; the center of the truncated cone is hollow with a diameter of 3.5 cm and is connected to the parasitic wasp access port; the truncated cone is made of glass.

[0013] Furthermore, the pipe rack mainly includes a bottom plate and an isolation baffle; the bottom plate has a specification of 120cm×60cm, the isolation baffle has a specification of 120cm×20cm, and they are 15cm apart from each other, and a horizontal partition is set 10cm from the center of the isolation baffle; the pipe rack is made of cork. The setting of the isolation baffle can effectively prevent mutual learning behavior between parasitic wasps.

[0014] Furthermore, the volatile column is a solid column with a diameter of 3 cm and a length of 8 cm, with a threaded upper portion connected to the cover C; the center of the cover C is hollow with a diameter of 2.5 cm; the solid column of the volatile column is made of cork, and the cover C is made of polystyrene. The cover C is set to fix the volatile test paper to be tested on the volatile column, and the central hollow setting facilitates the normal volatilization of the volatiles.

[0015] Furthermore, the poison bottle includes a bottle body and a lid D; the bottle body has a diameter of 3 cm, a height of 8 cm, and is made of glass; the lid D has a bottom diameter of 2.5 cm, a top diameter of 3.2 cm, and a height of 2 cm, and is made of cork. The setting of the poison bottle reduces human contact during the transfer of the parasitic wasps to be tested, and avoids experimental errors caused by human interference.

[0016] Furthermore, the Y-shaped tube has a diameter of 0.9 cm and is made of glass.

[0017] Furthermore, the rubber hose has a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 20-30 cm.

[0018] Furthermore, the activated carbon washing chamber is composed of 4 closed activated carbon containers arranged side by side, which are filled with activated carbon, and the specifications of the activated carbon containers are 20cm×8cm×8cm; an activated carbon container air inlet is arranged at the bottom of the same side of the activated carbon container, and an activated carbon container air outlet is arranged at the top, and the activated carbon container air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the gas flow meter through a rubber hose.

[0019] Furthermore, the gas flow meter model is LZB-3WB small flow glass rotor flow meter with a measuring range of 25-250ml / min; the bottom of the gas flow meter is the flow meter air inlet, which is connected to the activated carbon container air outlet through a rubber hose; the top is the flow meter air outlet, which is connected to the gas washing bottle air inlet through a rubber hose.

[0020] Furthermore, the liquid washing bottle is made of glass, and the washing bottle stopper is made of rubber; the washing bottle air inlet is connected to the flow meter air outlet through a rubber hose, and the other end extends below the liquid level in the liquid washing bottle; the washing bottle air outlet is connected to the left side of the measuring tube through a rubber hose.

[0021] A device for determining the effect of pesticides on the host location ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps is used. The method steps for determining the effect of pesticides on the host location ability of parasitic wasps are as follows:

[0022] Step 1: prepare several poison bottles according to the concentration of the insecticide to be tested and its lethality to the parasitic wasp to be tested, prepare the insecticide to be tested to the required concentration, pour 3 ml into the poison bottle, rotate the poison bottle body to make the inner wall of the bottle body fully contact with the insecticide, and pour it out after staying for 10 seconds, and then hang the poison bottle vertically at room temperature to dry so that a drug film is formed on the inner wall; put the single heads of the parasitic wasps to be tested within 3 days of initial eclosion into the poison bottle, plug the lid D, and place it under indoor conditions for 24 hours;

[0023] Step 2: Connect the device, turn on the vacuum pump, check the air tightness of the device, adjust the gas flow meter to the same scale according to the test needs, and pump air for 0.5h;

[0024] Step 3: Prepare 4 volatile columns, configure the volatiles to be tested into the concentration required for the test, drop 10 μl of the volatiles of the specified concentration on a filter paper with a diameter of 3 cm, place the filter paper flat on the volatile column, and fix the filter paper with a cover C;

[0025] Step 4: Open the access caps B on both sides of the measuring tube, place the four volatile columns on the left side of the measuring tube, select the parasitic wasps that survive and have the ability to move in the poison bottle, open the cap D, place the poison bottle on the right side of the measuring tube, and tighten the access caps B on both sides;

[0026] Step 5: Observe and record the resting time of the parasitic wasp on the round platform, the time it takes to fly against the wind to 1 / 2 of the length of the measuring tube, the time it takes to be within 10 cm of the volatile column, and the time it arrives and rests on the volatile column.

[0027] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the advantages of the present invention are: 1) the device of the present invention can meet the test requirements for measuring the effect of pesticides on the host positioning ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps; 2) multiple groups (4 groups in the embodiment) of measuring tubes are set to meet the simultaneous measurement, reducing the time required for ordinary measurement of insect olfactory-related behaviors, improving work efficiency, and having the function of mutual comparison; 3) the poison bottle is directly placed in the measuring tube, avoiding damage caused by artificial movement of parasitic wasps, thereby affecting the test results; 4) the setting of the isolation baffle on the tube rack avoids mutual learning behavior between parasitic wasps, making the test results more accurate. In summary, the present invention is simple to operate, easy to use, and has a very ideal use effect.

[0028] The present invention is further explained and illustrated below using the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a complete structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the measuring tube of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the measuring tube of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the volatile column structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the poison bottle of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the activated carbon scrubbing chamber of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the liquid gas washing bottle of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the gas flow meter of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals: activated carbon washing chamber (1), gas flow meter (2), liquid washing bottle (3), measuring tube (4), pipe rack (5), vacuum pump (6), Y-tube (7), rubber hose (8), volatile column (9), poison bottle (10), activated carbon container air outlet (1.1), activated carbon container (1.2), activated carbon (1.3), activated carbon container air inlet (1.4), flow meter air inlet (2.2), flow meter air outlet (2.1), washing bottle stopper (3.3), washing bottle air inlet ( 3.1), gas washing bottle outlet (3.2), pipe body (4.1), short pipe interface (4.2), volatile matter inlet (4.3), parasitic wasp inlet (4.4), cover B (4.5), cover A (4.6), isolation net (4.7), frustum (4.8), diaphragm (5.1), bottom plate (5.2), isolation baffle (5.3), solid cylinder (9.1), cover C (9.2), hollow (9.3), thread (9.4), poison bottle body (10.2), cover D (10.1). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] A device for measuring the effect of pesticides on the host positioning ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps, the device comprising an activated carbon washing chamber 1, a gas flow meter 2, a liquid washing bottle 3, a measuring tube 4 and a vacuum pump 6; the activated carbon washing chamber 1, the gas flow meter 2, and the liquid washing bottle 3 are connected to the left side of the measuring tube 4 in sequence through a rubber hose 8, the vacuum pump 6 is connected to the right side of the measuring tube 4 through three Y-tubes 7 and the rubber hose 8, the measuring tube 4 is placed in a pipe rack 5, and the overall connection of the device is now complete.

[0040] Furthermore, the structure of the measuring tube 4 mainly includes a tube body 4.1, with covers A4.6 at both ends of the tube body, a short tube interface 4.2 is provided in the center of the cover A4.6, and an isolation net 4.7 is provided inside the short tube interface 4.2. The cover A4.6 is provided to facilitate the cleaning of the inside of the measuring tube 4 between repeated tests, so as to avoid the influence of residual substances inside on the test results.

[0041] Furthermore, a parasitic wasp access port 4.4 to be tested is provided on the right side of the bottom of the tube body 4.1, extending into the interior of the tube body and connected to a truncated cone 4.8, and a poison bottle 10 is inside the parasitic wasp access port 4.4; a volatile substance access port 4.3 related to the positioning of the parasitic wasp host is provided on the left side of the bottom of the tube body 4.1, extending into the interior of the tube body, and a volatile substance column 9 is inside the volatile substance access port 4.3; and a cover B4.5 is provided at the bottom of the access ports on both sides.

[0042] Further, the measuring tube 4 is 4 hollow cylindrical long tubes with a length of 120 cm, an inner diameter of 10 cm, and an outer diameter of 10.5 cm. The parasitic bee access port 4.4 to be tested and the volatile access port 4.3 are respectively located at 10 cm from both sides of the bottom of the tube body 4.1; the parasitic bee access port 4.4 to be tested and the volatile access port 4.3 are respectively hollow circular tubes with a length of 8 cm, an inner diameter of 3.2 cm, and an outer diameter of 3.5 cm, and penetrate 5 cm into the tube body; the parasitic bee access port 4.4, the volatile access port 4.3 and the tube body 4.1 are all made of glass. The setting of the material and specification of the measuring tube 4 matches the body shape of the parasitic bee, which is convenient for observing the activities of the parasitic bee inside the measuring tube.

[0043] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the cover A4.6 is 10 cm, the inner diameter of the central short tube interface 4.2 is 1 cm, and the length is 3 cm. The isolation net 4.7 is arranged inside the short tube interface 4.2, and the mesh number is 120. The materials of the cover A4.6 and the short tube interface 4.2 are both glass, and the material of the isolation net 4.7 is iron wire.

[0044] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the truncated cone 4.8 is 5 cm and the thickness is 0.5 cm; the center of the truncated cone 4.8 is hollow with a diameter of 3.5 cm and is connected to the parasitic wasp access port 4.4; the material of the truncated cone 4.8 is glass.

[0045] Furthermore, the pipe rack 5 mainly includes a bottom plate 5.2 and five isolation baffles 5.3; the bottom plate 5.2 has a size of 120 cm×60 cm, the five isolation baffles 5.3 have a size of 120 cm×20 cm, and are 15 cm apart from each other. A horizontal partition 5.1 is set 10 cm from the center of the isolation baffle 5.3; the pipe rack 5 is made of cork. The setting of the isolation baffle 5.3 can effectively prevent mutual learning behavior between parasitic wasps.

[0046] Furthermore, the volatile column 9 is a solid column 9.1 with a diameter of 3 cm and a length of 8 cm, with a thread 9.4 on the upper part connected to the cover C9.2; the center of the cover C9.2 is a hollow 9.3 with a diameter of 2.5 cm; the solid column 9.1 of the volatile column is made of cork, and the cover C9.2 is made of polystyrene. The cover C9.2 is set to fix the volatile test paper to be tested on the volatile column 9, and the central hollow 9.3 is set to facilitate the normal volatilization of the volatiles.

[0047] Furthermore, the poison bottle 10 includes a bottle body 10.2 and a cover D10.1; the bottle body 10.2 has a diameter of 3 cm, a height of 8 cm, and is made of glass; the cover D10.1 has a bottom diameter of 2.5 cm, a top diameter of 3.2 cm, and a height of 2 cm, and is made of cork. The setting of the poison bottle 10 reduces human contact during the transfer of the parasitic wasps to be tested, and avoids experimental errors caused by human interference.

[0048] Furthermore, the Y-shaped tube 7 has a diameter of 0.9 cm and is made of glass.

[0049] Furthermore, the rubber hose 8 has a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 20-30 cm.

[0050] Furthermore, the activated carbon washing chamber 1 is composed of four closed activated carbon containers 1.2 arranged side by side, which contain activated carbon 1.3. The specifications of the activated carbon containers 1.2 are all 20cm×8cm×8cm. An activated carbon container air inlet 1.4 is arranged at the bottom of the same side of the activated carbon container 1.2, and an activated carbon container air outlet 1.1 is arranged at the top. The activated carbon container air outlet 1.1 is connected to the gas flow meter air inlet 2.3 through a rubber hose 8.

[0051] Furthermore, the gas flow meter 2 is a LZB-3WB small-flow glass rotor flow meter with a measuring range of 25-250 ml / min; the flow meter air inlet 2.2 is located below the gas flow meter 2, which is connected to the activated carbon container air outlet 1.1 through a rubber hose 8; the flow meter air outlet 2.1 is located above the gas flow meter, which is connected to the gas washing bottle air inlet 3.1 through a rubber hose 8.

[0052] Furthermore, the liquid washing bottle 3 is made of glass, and the washing bottle stopper 3.3 is made of rubber; the washing bottle air inlet 3.1 is connected to the flow meter air outlet 2.1 through a rubber hose 8, and the other end extends below the liquid level in the liquid washing bottle 3; the washing bottle air outlet 3.2 is connected to the left side of the measuring tube 4 through a rubber hose 8.

[0053] A device for determining the effect of pesticides on the host location ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps is used. The method steps for determining the effect of pesticides on the host location ability of parasitic wasps are as follows:

[0054] Step 1: prepare several poison bottles 10 according to the concentration of the pesticide to be tested, such as insecticide, and its lethality to the parasitic wasp to be tested, prepare the pesticide to be tested into the required concentration, pour 3 ml into the poison bottle 10, rotate the poison bottle 10 to make the inner wall of the bottle fully contact with the pesticide, and pour it out after staying for 10 seconds, and then hang the poison bottle 10 vertically at room temperature to dry, so that a drug film is formed on the inner wall; put the single heads of the parasitic wasps to be tested within 3 days of initial eclosion into the poison bottle 10, plug the lid D10.1, and place it under indoor conditions for 24 hours;

[0055] Step 2: Connect the device, turn on the vacuum pump 6, check the air tightness of the device, adjust the gas flow meter 2 to the same scale according to the test needs, and pump air for 0.5h;

[0056] Step 3, prepare 4 volatile columns 9, configure the volatiles to be tested into the concentration required for the test, drop 10 μl of the volatiles of the specified concentration on a filter paper with a diameter of 3 cm, place the filter paper flat on the volatile column 9, and fix the filter paper with the cover C9.2;

[0057] Step 4: Open the access port caps B4.5 on both sides of the measuring tube 4, place the four volatile columns into the left side of the measuring tube 4 respectively, select the parasitic wasp that survives and has the ability to move in the poison bottle 10, open the cap D10.1, place it together with the poison bottle 10 into the right side of the measuring tube 4, and tighten the access port caps B4.5 on both sides;

[0058] Step 5, observe and record the resting time of the parasitic wasp on the truncated table 4.8, the time it takes to fly against the wind to 1 / 2 of the length of the measuring tube, the time it takes to be within 10 cm of the volatile column 9, and the time it arrives and rests on the volatile column 9.

[0059] Detailed description of specific embodiments

[0060] Specific operation examples:

[0061] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific examples. This specific implementation method is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention. It should be understood that these methods are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0062] (1) The measuring device is:

[0063] Brief description: It includes an activated carbon washing chamber, a gas flow meter, a liquid washing bottle, a measuring tube and a vacuum pump. The activated carbon washing chamber, the gas flow meter, and the liquid washing bottle are connected to the left side of the measuring tube through a rubber hose in sequence. The vacuum pump is connected to the right side of the measuring tube through three Y-tubes and a rubber hose. The measuring tube is placed in the pipe rack, and the overall connection of the device is now complete. The measuring tube structure mainly includes a tube body. A parasitic bee access port to be tested is provided on the right side of the bottom of the tube body, which extends into the interior of the tube body and is connected to a truncated cone. The parasitic bee access port is inside a poison bottle; a volatile access port related to the positioning of the parasitic bee host is provided on the left side of the bottom of the tube body, which extends into the interior of the tube body. The volatile access port is inside a volatile column; a cover B is provided at the bottom of the access ports on both sides. The pipe rack mainly includes a bottom plate and 5 isolation baffles; a horizontal partition is provided 10 cm in the center of the isolation baffle.

[0064] (2) Test materials and test operations:

[0065] Test insects: The test parasitic wasp was the Aphididae, which was bred for more than 5 generations in the laboratory; the host was the whitefly of the MEAM1 type, which was raised indoors on cotton and tobacco to establish a population.

[0066] Test volatiles: The volatiles selected were leaf alcohol (n-3-hexenol) which is attractive to the Aphididae.

[0067] Test insecticide: 22.4% spirotetramat suspension (Bayer AG).

[0068] Experimental operation: Prepare the test spirotetramat to a half-lethal concentration (136.465 mg / L) for Aphididae, pour it into 8 poison bottles to make drug films, put a Aphididae within 3 days of initial eclosion in each poison bottle, plug the lid, and let the Aphididae crawl freely in the poison bottle for 24 hours under indoor conditions before use; prepare leaf alcohol with n-hexane to a solution with a concentration of 1 mg / ml, and drop 10 μl of the prepared volatiles on the filter paper of the volatile column. Connect the device, check the air tightness and adjust the flowmeter to 30 ml / min. After continuous air extraction for 0.5 hours, put the volatile columns into the volatile access ports of the 4 measuring tubes, select the poison bottle containing the Aphididae that is still able to move, open the lid, and put it into the parasitic wasp access port of the measuring tube. Observe and record the resting time of the parasitic wasps on the round platform, the time to fly against the wind to 1 / 2 of the length of the measuring tube, the time within 10 cm of the volatile column, and the time to arrive and rest on the volatile column. The water treatment was used as the control, and each treatment was repeated 30 times. The experimental data were analyzed using DPS7.5 and Duncan's new multiple range method (P < 0.05) for significant difference analysis.

[0069] (3) Damage and escape of Aphididae under different measurement methods

[0070] Table 1 Damage rate and escape rate of Aphididae under different measurement methods

[0071]

[0072] Note: The adult damage rate and escape rate in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences. The significance of the difference was calculated using DPS7.5.

[0073] The damage rate and escape rate of the entomophilus aphid wasp under different measurement modes are shown in Table 1. The damage rate of the entomophilus aphid wasp was only 4.44% when the test operation was performed by the present invention, which was significantly lower than that of other test operation devices (F 2,8 =29.4000; P=0.0008). When the present invention was used for the test, the escape rate of the Aphididae wasp was 3.33%, which was not significantly different from that of the Y-type olfactometer, but was significantly lower than that of the four-arm olfactometer (F 2,8 =43.8570; P = 0.0003).

[0074] (4) Effect of spirotetramat on the host localization ability of the aphid wasp

[0075] Table 2 Effects of spirotetramat on the host location time of Aphididae

[0076]

[0077] Note: The data in the table are mean ± standard error. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences. The significance of the difference was calculated using DPS7.5.

[0078] The effect of spirotetramat on the host location time of the Aphididae wasp is shown in Table 2. After treatment with a semi-lethal concentration of spirotetramat, the Aphididae wasp rested on the round platform for 362.07 seconds, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (F 1,59 =47.4440; P = 0.0001); the time for the Aphididae to fly to the 1 / 2 of the measuring tube after being treated with the semi-lethal concentration of spirotetramat was 1135.73s, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (F 1,59 =517.7660; P = 0.0001); the time for the Aphididae to fly to the range of 10 cm from the volatile column was 2402.73 s, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (F 1,59 =679.4260; P = 0.0001); the time required for the treated Aphididae to search for volatile substances and rest on the volatile column was 4083.67s, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (F 1,59 =1331.5160; P = 0.0001). The results showed that the semi-lethal concentration of spirotetramat could significantly reduce the ability of the Aphididae to search for hosts.

[0079] The above test results show that the device and method adopted by the present invention are significantly superior to the traditional Y-type olfactometer and four-arm olfactometer for measuring the olfactory behavior of insects, and can effectively reduce the escape rate of parasitic wasps and reduce the workload. In addition, the measuring device and method of the present invention focus on measuring the changes in the host positioning ability of parasitic wasps after treatment with toxic substances such as pesticides. The device of the present invention can ensure fast and efficient test measurements, and its operation is simple and easy to master. It avoids many disadvantages of traditional measurement methods and can provide strong support for the comprehensive utilization of chemical control and biological control of whitefly pests.

[0080] The above text describes in detail the measuring device, method and results of the effect of pesticides on the host localization ability of parasitic wasps of whitefly pests. However, the method and structure of the present invention can be used to measure the parasitic wasps of pests such as aphids and leafhoppers, or different types of insects such as whiteflies, thrips, and borers with only slight adjustments, such as the size and length of the measuring tube.

[0081] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for determining the effect of pesticides on the host localization ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps, characterized in that: The device comprises an activated carbon washing chamber (1), a gas flow meter (2), a liquid washing bottle (3), a measuring tube (4) and a vacuum pump (6); the activated carbon washing chamber (1), the gas flow meter (2) and the liquid washing bottle (3) are sequentially connected to the left side of the measuring tube (4) through a rubber hose (8), and the vacuum pump (6) is connected to the right side of the measuring tube (4) through the rubber hose (8); the measuring tube (4) comprises a tube body (4.1), and covers A (4.6) are provided at both ends of the tube body (4.1). A short tube interface (4.2) is provided in the center of the cover A (4.6), and an isolation net (4.7) is provided inside the short tube interface (4.2). The short tube interface (4.2) is connected to the rubber hose (8) sleeve; The tube body (4.1) is provided with a parasitic wasp access port (4.4) to be tested on the right side of the bottom, extending into the tube body and connected to a truncated cone (4.8), and the inside of the parasitic wasp access port (4.4) is a poison bottle (10); the tube body (4.1) is provided with a volatile substance access port (4.3) related to the parasitic wasp host positioning on the left side of the bottom, extending into the tube body, and the inside of the volatile substance access port (4.3) is a volatile substance column (9); the bottoms of the access ports on both sides are provided with a cover B (4.5); the truncated cone (4.8) has an outer diameter of 5 cm and a thickness of 0.5 cm; the center of the truncated cone (4.8) is hollow with a diameter of 3.5 cm and connected to the parasitic wasp access port (4.4); the truncated cone (4.8) is made of glass; The volatile column (9) is a solid column (9.1) with a diameter of 3 cm and a length of 8 cm, and is provided with a thread (9.4) on the upper part, which is connected to the cover C (9.2); the center of the cover C (9.2) is a hollow (9.3) with a diameter of 2.5 cm; the solid column (9.1) of the volatile column is made of cork, and the cover C (9.2) is made of polystyrene; the poison bottle (10) includes a bottle body (10.2) and a cover D (10.1); the bottle body (10.2) is 3 cm in diameter and 8 cm in height, and is made of glass; the cover D (10.1) has a bottom diameter of 2.5 cm, a top diameter of 3.2 cm, and a height of 2 cm, and is made of cork; A method for determining the effect of pesticides on the host location ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps using a device, the method steps for determining the effect of pesticides on the host location ability of parasitic wasps are as follows: Step 1: prepare a number of poison bottles (10) according to the concentration of the insecticide to be tested and its lethality to the parasitic wasp to be tested, prepare the insecticide to be tested to the required concentration, pour 3 ml into the poison bottle (10), rotate the poison bottle (10) to make the inner wall of the bottle fully contact with the insecticide, and pour it out after staying for 10 seconds. Then hang the poison bottle (10) vertically at room temperature to dry so that a drug film is formed on the inner wall; put the parasitic wasps to be tested within 3 days of initial eclosion into the poison bottle (10), plug the lid D (10.1), and place it under indoor conditions for 24 hours; Step 2: Connect the device, turn on the vacuum pump (6), check the air tightness of the device, adjust the gas flow meter (2) to the same scale according to the test requirements, and pump air for 0.5h; Step 3: prepare 4 volatile columns (9), configure the volatiles to be tested into the concentration required for the test, drop 10 μl of the volatiles of the specified concentration on a filter paper with a diameter of 3 cm, place the filter paper flat on the volatile column (9), and fix the filter paper with a cover C (9.2); Step 4: Open the access port covers B (4.5) on both sides of the measuring tube (4), place the four volatile columns into the left side of the measuring tube (4), select the parasitic wasp that is alive and capable of action in the poison bottle (10), open the cover D (10.1), place it together with the poison bottle (10) into the right side of the measuring tube (4), and tighten the access port covers B (4.5) on both sides; Step 5, observe and record the resting time of the parasitic wasp on the truncated table (4.8), the time it takes to fly against the wind to 1 / 2 of the length of the measuring tube, the time it takes to be within 10 cm of the volatile column (9), and the time it arrives and rests on the volatile column (9); The measuring tubes are in 4 groups. The measuring tube (4) is a hollow cylindrical long tube with a length of 120 cm, an inner diameter of 10 cm, and an outer diameter of 10.5 cm. The parasitic wasp access port (4.4) and the volatile substance access port (4.3) to be tested are respectively located at 10 cm from both sides of the bottom of the tube body (4.1); the parasitic wasp access port (4.4) and the volatile substance access port (4.3) to be tested are respectively hollow circular tubes with a length of 8 cm, an inner diameter of 3.2 cm, and an outer diameter of 3.5 cm, and extend 5 cm into the tube body; the parasitic wasp access port (4.4), the volatile substance access port (4.3) and the tube body (4.1) are all made of glass; The measuring tube (4) is placed in a tube rack (5); the tube rack (5) comprises a bottom plate (5.2) and an isolation baffle (5.3); the bottom plate (5.2) has a specification of 120 cm×60 cm, the isolation baffle (5.3) has a specification of 120 cm×20 cm, and they are spaced 15 cm apart from each other; a transverse partition (5.1) is provided 10 cm from the center of the isolation baffle (5.3); the tube rack (5) is made of cork; The liquid washing bottle (3) is made of glass, and the washing bottle stopper (3.3) is made of rubber; the washing bottle air inlet (3.1) is connected to the flow meter air outlet (2.1) through a rubber hose (8), and the other end extends below the liquid level in the liquid washing bottle (3); the washing bottle air outlet (3.2) is connected to the left side of the measuring tube (4) through a rubber hose (8).

2. A device for determining the effect of pesticides on the host localization ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the cover A (4.6) is 10 cm, the inner diameter of the short tube interface (4.2) is 1 cm, and the length is 3 cm. The isolation net (4.7) is arranged inside the short tube interface (4.2) and has a mesh size of 120. The cover A (4.6) and the short tube interface (4.2) are both made of glass, and the isolation net (4.7) is made of iron wire.

3. A device for determining the effect of pesticides on the host localization ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated carbon washing chamber (1) comprises four closed activated carbon containers (1.2) arranged side by side, each containing activated carbon (1.3). The activated carbon containers (1.2) have a size of 20 cm×8 cm×8 cm. An activated carbon container air inlet (1.4) is arranged below the same side of the activated carbon container (1.2), and an activated carbon container air outlet (1.1) is arranged above the same side of the activated carbon container (1.2). The activated carbon container air outlet (1.1) is connected to the gas flow meter air inlet (2.3) via a rubber hose (8). The rubber hose (8) has a diameter of 1 cm and a length of between 20 and 30 cm.

4. The device for determining the effect of pesticides on the host localization ability of whitefly pest parasitic wasps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas flow meter (2) is a LZB-3WB small flow glass rotor flow meter with a measuring range of 25-250 ml / min. The lower part of the gas flow meter (2) is a flow meter air inlet (2.2), which is connected to the activated carbon container air outlet (1.1) via a rubber hose (8); the upper part is a flow meter air outlet (2.1), which is connected to the gas washing bottle air inlet (3.1) via a rubber hose (8).

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