A multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experimental system with shared antenna

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna, comprising a control system, an antenna system, a measurement system and a plurality of pulse power sources, each of which is a pulse power source in the form of Marx with a built-in programmable controller, and is characterized in that: the switch control circuits of the plurality of pulse power sources are respectively connected to the control system, the control system controls the switch of each pulse power source through a built-in pulse power source switching control circuit, the antenna system is arranged on one side of the output end of the plurality of pulse power sources, the antenna system is switchably connected between the plurality of pulse power sources, thereby forming an electromagnetic pulse simulator simulating different waveforms, and the measurement system comprises a pulse power source parameter monitoring system, an electric field measurement system, and an automatic data acquisition and processing system. The present invention can simulate a variety of electromagnetic pulses while matching one antenna system in a field, thereby saving the test cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an electromagnetic pulse environment simulation experiment technology, in particular to a multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic technology, various electronic information equipment has been widely used in military equipment and systems under information conditions, and its electromagnetic vulnerability threshold is gradually decreasing, which poses a serious threat to modern command and communication systems and protection and support systems. In order to conduct research on electromagnetic vulnerability and protection technicians, it is necessary to establish various electromagnetic pulse simulation experimental systems.

[0003] At present, there are many types and numbers of electromagnetic pulse simulators built abroad, which can simulate electromagnetic pulses of high-altitude nuclear explosions, electromagnetic pulses of ground nuclear explosions, and electromagnetic pulses of lightning, etc., with high performance indicators and large construction scale. Domestic simulation equipment mainly simulates electromagnetic pulses of high-altitude nuclear explosions, and the radiation field environment indicators are comparable to the international level, but the number and scale of simulators are still far behind those of foreign countries, and they are mainly bounded wave simulators; in terms of electromagnetic pulse simulation equipment for ground nuclear explosions, a small ground nuclear explosion low-frequency strong electromagnetic pulse simulation test system has been established, which can meet the effect and protection tests of small and medium-sized test pieces.

[0004] However, all of the above systems are single-function simulation systems that can only simulate a single type of electromagnetic pulse. It is impossible to simulate multiple electromagnetic pulses in one field. To evaluate the anti-electromagnetic pulse performance of equipment, it is necessary to conduct tests in multiple systems separately. In order to improve test efficiency and save test costs, it is very necessary to establish a multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experimental system that can share antennas. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology research, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experimental system with a shared antenna, which can meet the requirements of simulating multiple electromagnetic pulse environments in one experimental site.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna comprises a control system, an antenna system, a measurement system and a plurality of pulse power sources, each of which is a Marx-type pulse power source with a built-in programmable controller, and is characterized in that: the switch control circuits of the plurality of pulse power sources are respectively connected to the control system, the control system controls the switch of each pulse power source through the built-in pulse power source switching control circuit, the antenna system is arranged at one side of the output end of the plurality of pulse power sources, the antenna system is switchably connected between the plurality of pulse power sources, thereby forming an electromagnetic pulse simulator simulating different waveforms, and the measurement system comprises a pulse power source parameter monitoring system, an electric field measurement system, and an automatic data acquisition and processing system;

[0008] The antenna system comprises an upper pole plate, a lower pole plate and a distributed antenna load, wherein the lower pole plate is arranged horizontally, the upper pole plate is arranged above the lower pole plate through an antenna bracket, the part of the upper pole plate located in the middle of the lower pole plate is parallel to the lower pole plate, forming an experimental working space, and the distributed antenna load is arranged between the tail end of the upper pole plate and the tail end of the lower pole plate; the distributed antenna load is composed of a plurality of parallel resistor chains, each resistor chain is composed of a plurality of high-voltage non-inductive high-power resistors connected in series; the upper pole plate is composed of a plurality of parallel metal wires, the front ends of the plurality of parallel metal wires are connected to the high-voltage output end of the pulse power source, and the tail ends are respectively connected to one end of the distributed antenna load, the other end of the distributed antenna load is respectively connected to the tail end of the lower pole plate, and the front end of the lower pole plate is connected to the zero potential end of the pulse power source;

[0009] The control system is controlled by a computer, and the computer communicates with the programmable controller inside the pulse power source through optical fiber. The control system includes an air circuit control subsystem and an electrical control subsystem; the air circuit control subsystem is used to pre-set the air pressure, monitor the status, and automatically adjust the air pressure of multiple air cavities of the pulse power source; the electrical control subsystem is used to pre-set the charging voltage of the main circuit or trigger circuit of the pulse power source, automatically charge, and provide real-time feedback of the charging voltage value.

[0010] The pulse power source parameter monitoring system is used to monitor the working status of the pulse power source in operation, including a resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the trigger, a Rogowski coil for measuring the current established by the Marx generator, a resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the Marx generator, and a resistor divider for measuring the voltage of the peaking capacitor.

[0011] The electric field measurement system adopts an active electric field measurement system based on optical fiber transmission, and is used to measure the electric field signal in the working space of the electromagnetic pulse simulator.

[0012] The automatic data acquisition and processing system is composed of a digital oscilloscope, a switch, a computer, a printer, and a UPS power supply, and is used to automatically complete the functions of experimental data acquisition, recording, key parameter reading, batch processing, and report generation.

[0013] The multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna also includes a remote human-machine control interface and a data processing system. The control system monitors and adjusts the experiment in real time through the remote human-machine control interface and the data processing system.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna, which can simulate multiple electromagnetic pulses while matching one antenna system in a field, thereby greatly improving the test efficiency and saving the test cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of Example 1.

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the antenna system of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a top view of the antenna system of Example 1.

[0018] In the figure, 1, upper plate, 2, lower plate, 3, resistor chain, 5, resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiment is only a representative example of the technical solution provided by the present invention; any changes and modifications made according to the embodiment without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention. Example

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, a multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna includes a control system, an antenna system, a measurement system and three pulse power sources, each of which is a Marx-type pulse power source with a built-in programmable controller, the switch control circuits of the three pulse power sources are respectively connected to the control system, and the control system controls the switch of each pulse power source through the built-in pulse power source switching control circuit, the antenna system is arranged on one side of the output end of the plurality of pulse power sources, and the antenna system is switchably connected between the three pulse power sources, thereby forming an electromagnetic pulse simulator simulating different waveforms, and the measurement system includes a pulse power source parameter monitoring system, an electric field measurement system, and an automatic data acquisition and processing system;

[0021] In this embodiment, the pulse power source 1 adopts a low-inductance fast Marx generator, which includes a high-voltage low-inductance pulse capacitor, a high-voltage high-power resistor, a low-inductance gas spark switch, a pulse steepening system, a high-voltage pulse trigger and a high-voltage DC power supply; the high-voltage low-inductance pulse capacitor is composed of 14 low-inductance capacitors connected in series, each capacitor is 4.2nF, and the maximum charging voltage is designed to be ±55kV, then the total capacitance of the series capacitor is 0.3nF, and the maximum output voltage is 770kV; the high-voltage high-power resistor includes a spark resistor, a lead resistor and a contact resistor, all of which are high-voltage solid resistors, with a total resistance of 2kΩ±30% and a withstand voltage of 800kV; the low-inductance gas spark switch The switch is a low inductance three-electrode field distortion gas spark switch, which is cylindrical and has a size of Φ144mm×60mm. The working medium of the switch is nitrogen or SF6 gas, the external insulating medium is SF6, the inductance value is less than 40nH, and the withstand voltage is 120kV; the pulse steepening system is composed of a steepening capacitor, a steepening inductor and a steepening switch, and the rising front edge of its output waveform is less than 2.5ns; the high-voltage pulse trigger adopts a scheme of using a pulse transformer with a steepening gap; the primary voltage of the transformer is about 1kV, the transformer ratio is 1:120, the output voltage is about 120kV, and the output front edge after steepening by the steepening gap is not more than 200ns; the high-voltage DC power supply adopts an industrial frequency half-wave rectifier power supply, the output voltage is up to ±75kV, and the power capacity is 10kVA;

[0022] In this embodiment, the pulse power source 2 adopts a low-inductance fast Marx generator, which includes a high-voltage low-inductance pulse capacitor, a high-voltage high-power resistor, a low-inductance gas spark switch, a pulse steepening system, a high-voltage pulse trigger and a high-voltage DC power supply; the high-voltage low-inductance pulse capacitor is composed of 12 low-inductance capacitors connected in series, with a total capacity of 10μF, then each capacitor needs to reach 120μF, the maximum charging voltage is designed to be ±25kV, and the maximum output voltage of the Marx generator is 300kV; the high-voltage high-power resistor includes charging, grounding and current-limiting resistors, all of which use KCl solution water resistors, the charging resistor and the current-limiting resistor are controlled in the range of 1kΩ±30%, the grounding resistor is controlled in the range of 5kΩ±30%, the withstand voltage is 300kV, the withstand current is 1.3kA, the maximum energy absorbed reaches 450kJ, and the self-inductance is below 1µH, and the maximum instantaneous power is 400MW; the low-inductance The gas spark switch is a three-electrode field distortion spark switch. The electrodes are made of high-density graphite material. The cylindrical sealed organic glass is filled with air to control the switch conduction. The spark switch is fixed by 8 nylon rods with a diameter of 10mm combined with a metal fixed disc to facilitate the connection with the capacitor. The working medium pressure range is 0.1MPa~0.6Mpa, the working voltage range is 7kV~25kV, and the service life is not less than 10,000 times; the pulse steepening system consists of a steepening capacitor, a steepening inductor and a steepening switch, and the rising front edge of its output waveform is less than 10ns; the high-voltage pulse trigger adopts a pulse transformer plus a steepening gap solution, the transformer primary voltage is about 3kV, the transformer ratio is 1:40, the output voltage is about 60kV, and the output front edge after steepening by the steepening gap is not more than 200ns; the high-voltage DC power supply is used to charge the Marx generator, and adopts an industrial frequency half-wave rectifier power supply, the output voltage is up to ±30kV, and the power capacity is 10kVA;

[0023] In this embodiment, the pulse power source 3 is in the form of a Marx generator, which is mainly composed of a high-voltage capacitor, a high-voltage fast switch with trigger, a load resistor, a wave-modulation inductor, and a charging system; the high-voltage capacitor uses a pulse capacitor with a capacity of 600nF and a withstand voltage of 100kV; the high-voltage fast switch with trigger uses a field distortion switch with an intermediate plane, the trigger electrode is located on the symmetrical plane between two cylindrical flat ball head electrodes, and is in the form of a disk with a hole in the center, a current resistance of 10kA, and a withstand voltage of hundreds of kilovolts; the load resistor is 10kΩ, the non-inductive water resistor is 23cm long, the solute is ammonium chloride, and the electrode is a brass electrode; the wave-modulation inductor varies between 1H and 5H. The charging system uses a high-voltage transformer boost mode, the high-voltage transformer uses a 100kV, 10kw AC high-voltage transformer, the high-voltage silicon stack uses a 200kV, 0.2A, 100ns high-frequency high-voltage diode, and the current-limiting resistor uses a 10MΩ, 10KVA wire-wound resistor;

[0024] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna system comprises an upper plate 1, a lower plate 2 and a distributed antenna load, wherein the lower plate 2 is arranged horizontally, the upper plate 1 is arranged above the lower plate 2 through an antenna bracket, the portion of the upper plate 1 located in the middle of the lower plate 2 is parallel to the lower plate 2, forming an experimental working space, and the distributed antenna load is arranged between the tail end of the upper plate 1 and the tail end of the lower plate 2; the distributed antenna load is composed of a plurality of parallel resistor chains 3, each resistor chain 3 is composed of a plurality of high-voltage non-inductive high-power resistors 5 connected in series; the upper plate 1 is composed of a plurality of parallel metal wires, the front ends of the plurality of parallel metal wires are connected to the high-voltage output end of the pulse power source, and the tail ends are respectively connected to one end of the distributed antenna load, the other end of the distributed antenna load is respectively connected to the tail end of the lower plate 2, and the front end of the lower plate 2 is connected to the zero potential end of the pulse power source;

[0025] In this embodiment, the overall structure of the antenna system consists of three parts: a front cone section, a parallel section, and a distributed load section. The front cone is 30m long, the parallel section is 15m long, 15m wide, and 10m high. The distributed load section is about 15m long, the total length of the antenna is 60m, the width is 15m, the aspect ratio is 1.5:1, and the antenna impedance is about 150Ω; the antenna system is erected outdoors, the antenna bracket adopts a fiberglass wound tube, the crossbeam adopts a metal truss structure, the upper pole plate of the antenna adopts a metal wire, the spacing between the metal wires is not greater than 10cm, and the lower pole plate of the antenna adopts a stainless steel mesh with a mesh size of about 1cm×1cm, which is fixed on the cement floor; the distributed load is divided into 10 cone sections, each cone section is connected to a resistor chain 3, each resistor chain 3 is composed of a plurality of high-voltage non-inductive high-power resistors 5 connected in series, with a resistance value of 1.5 kΩ, and the total resistance of the 10 parallel sections is 150 Ω;

[0026] The control system is controlled by a computer, and the computer communicates with the programmable controller inside the pulse power source through optical fiber. The control system includes an air circuit control subsystem and an electrical control subsystem; the air circuit control subsystem is used to pre-set the air pressure, monitor the state, and automatically adjust the air pressure of multiple air chambers of the pulse power source; the electrical control subsystem is used to pre-set the charging voltage of the main circuit or trigger circuit of the pulse power source, automatically charge, and feedback the charging voltage value in real time. In this embodiment, the above functions are all operated on the remote measurement and control computer, and the measurement and control computer communicates with the main control device programmable controller (PLC) of the pulse power source control system through optical fiber; the control system monitors and adjusts the gas pressure of each air chamber in real time through the remote human-machine control interface and data processing system, and the control accuracy is better than 1.5% of the target air pressure value, and the control accuracy of the capacitor DC charging voltage is better than 1% of the target voltage value; the control system uses an industrial-grade control computer and a large-screen display to form a human-machine interface, uses a programmable controller as the core control device, and the internal program realizes the logic and data processing functions.

[0027] The pulse power source parameter monitoring system is used to monitor the working state of the pulse power source in operation, including a resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the trigger, a Rogowski coil for measuring the current established by the Marx generator, a resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the Marx generator, and a resistor divider for measuring the voltage of the peaking capacitor. In this embodiment, the resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the trigger has a response time of less than 20ns and a withstand voltage of not less than 150kV; the Rogowski coil for measuring the current established by the Marx generator has a response time of less than 10ns and a current measurement capability of not less than 6kA; the resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the Marx generator has a response time of less than 10ns and a withstand voltage capability of not less than 800kV; the resistor divider for measuring the peaking capacitor has a response time of less than 10ns and a withstand voltage capability of not less than 800kV.

[0028] The electric field measurement system adopts an active electric field measurement system based on optical fiber transmission, which is used to measure the electric field signal of the electromagnetic pulse simulator workspace. In this embodiment, the electric field measurement system adopts an active electric field measurement system based on optical fiber transmission, which is mainly composed of a receiving antenna, a front circuit, an electro-optical conversion circuit, a transmission optical fiber and a photoelectric conversion circuit. The rise time of the measurement system should be less than 1ns, the available half-height width should be not less than 100ns, and the range covers 50V / m to 200kV / m.

[0029] The automatic data acquisition and processing system is composed of a digital oscilloscope, a switch, a computer, a printer, and a UPS power supply, and is used to automatically complete the functions of experimental data acquisition, recording, key parameter reading, batch processing, and report generation. In this embodiment, the automatic data acquisition and processing system supports multiple protocols, supports the networking of multiple and multi-type oscilloscopes, and has the functions of automatically completing experimental data acquisition, recording, key parameter reading, batch processing, and report generation. The main configurations include system settings, user management, information entry, oscilloscope status settings and data acquisition modules, data storage and processing, report generation, database management and help modules; the system settings module is mainly used to set various configuration and processing parameters in the software, which generally require administrator privileges to change; the user management module ensures the accuracy and security of experimental data. The software has established users with different permissions, mainly including administrator users, data entry users and query users, among which administrators have permissions to add and delete users, set user group permissions, set device IP segments, enter data, access databases, etc. Data entry operators have permissions to enter data and access databases, while query users only have permissions to query databases; the information entry module is mainly used to enter various types of experimental information, using a tabular form. The information entered is mainly measurement link information, oscilloscope information, measurement point information and other information required to be recorded in other experiments. Information, etc., these input information systems will automatically inherit. In repeated experiments, the experimenters do not need to re-enter the entered information, but only need to modify some of the changed information; the oscilloscope status setting and data acquisition module is mainly used to remotely set the parameters of the oscilloscope, such as vertical scale, time scale, trigger channel, trigger level, storage length, bandwidth, coupling mode, etc., and the oscilloscope setting file can be stored locally for the next setting. After the oscilloscope is triggered, the data of each channel is automatically collected back to the measurement and control computer and stored in the specified location according to the set name. According to the actual situation of the user, different oscilloscopes of different models can be integrated; data storage and processing are mainly used for the storage and post-processing of collected data. The data of each channel of the oscilloscope can be stored in the specified location of the computer according to the name and format set in the configuration file. A predetermined program can be compiled to process the data and display it visually.

[0030] The multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna also includes a remote human-machine control interface and a data processing system. The control system monitors and adjusts the experiment in real time through the remote human-machine control interface and the data processing system.

[0031] Parts of the present invention not described in detail are prior art.

Claims

1. A multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experimental system with a shared antenna, comprising a control system, an antenna system, a measurement system and a plurality of pulse power sources, each of which is a Marx-type pulse power source with a built-in programmable controller, characterized in that: The switch control circuits of the multiple pulse power sources are respectively connected to the control system, and the control system controls the switch of each pulse power source through the built-in pulse power source switching control circuit. The antenna system is arranged on one side of the output end of the multiple pulse power sources, and the antenna system can be switched between the multiple pulse power sources to form an electromagnetic pulse simulator simulating different waveforms. The measurement system includes a pulse power source parameter monitoring system, an electric field measurement system, and an automatic data acquisition and processing system; The antenna system comprises an upper plate (1), a lower plate (2) and a distributed antenna load, wherein the lower plate (2) is arranged horizontally, the upper plate (1) is arranged above the lower plate (2) through an antenna bracket, the portion of the upper plate (1) located in the middle of the lower plate (2) is parallel to the lower plate (2), forming an experimental workspace, and the distributed antenna load is arranged between the tail end of the upper plate (1) and the tail end of the lower plate (2); the distributed antenna load is composed of a plurality of parallel resistor chains (3), each resistor chain (3) being composed of a plurality of high-voltage non-inductive high-power resistors (5) connected in series; the upper plate (1) is composed of a plurality of parallel metal wires, the front ends of the plurality of parallel metal wires are connected to the high-voltage output end of a pulse power source, and the tail ends are respectively connected to one end of the distributed antenna load, the other end of the distributed antenna load is respectively connected to the tail end of the lower plate (2), and the front end of the lower plate (2) is connected to the zero potential end of the pulse power source; The control system is controlled by a computer, and the computer communicates with the programmable controller inside the pulse power source through optical fiber. The control system includes an air circuit control subsystem and an electrical control subsystem; the air circuit control subsystem is used to pre-set the air pressure, monitor the status, and automatically adjust the air pressure of multiple air cavities of the pulse power source; the electrical control subsystem is used to pre-set the charging voltage of the main circuit or trigger circuit of the pulse power source, automatically charge, and provide real-time feedback of the charging voltage value.

2. The multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pulse power source parameter monitoring system is used to monitor the working status of the pulse power source in operation, including a resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the trigger, a Rogowski coil for measuring the current established by the Marx generator, a resistor divider for measuring the output voltage of the Marx generator, and a resistor divider for measuring the voltage of the peaking capacitor.

3. The multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electric field measurement system adopts an active electric field measurement system based on optical fiber transmission, and is used to measure the electric field signal in the working space of the electromagnetic pulse simulator.

4. The multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The automatic data acquisition and processing system is composed of a digital oscilloscope, a switch, a computer, a printer, and a UPS power supply, and is used to automatically complete the functions of experimental data acquisition, recording, key parameter reading, batch processing, and report generation.

5. The multifunctional electromagnetic pulse simulation experiment system with a shared antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a remote human-machine control interface and a data processing system, and the control system monitors and adjusts the experiment in real time through the remote human-machine control interface and the data processing system.

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