A four-speed transmission with power output

Abstract

The present invention discloses a four-speed transmission with power output. The four-speed transmission includes an input shaft, an output shaft, an intermediate shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, a fourth clutch, a housing and a power motor; the center line of the input shaft is collinearly arranged with the center line of the output shaft, the input end of the input shaft and the output end of the output shaft respectively penetrate through the opposite side walls of the housing and are arranged on the housing. The input shaft conducts power to the intermediate shaft through the first clutch or the second clutch, and then the intermediate shaft conducts power to the output shaft through the third clutch or the fourth clutch. One end of the intermediate shaft is in transmission connection with the rotating end of the power motor. This makes the structure of the hybrid vehicle more compact and occupies less space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transmissions, and particularly to a four-speed transmission with power output. Background Art

[0002] A transmission can change the different torques input before and after through different gear changes and different power drives. By switching different clutches of the transmission, different gears of the transmission can be switched. At the same time, in a hybrid vehicle system, by adding a power motor to the engine, hybrid drive of the transmission can be achieved. Hybrid vehicles have the characteristics of energy conservation and low emissions. Existing hybrid systems are generally used in small cars. The existing hybrid systems for large vehicles are already relatively bulky. If a power motor is added, generally, transmissions are respectively connected to both ends of the power motor, resulting in a large volume and large space occupation of the transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, a four-speed transmission with power output is needed to solve the problem of large space occupation of the transmission in hybrid vehicles.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the inventor provides a four-speed transmission with power output. The four-speed transmission includes an input shaft, an output shaft, an intermediate shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, a fourth clutch, a housing, and a power motor;

[0005] The center line of the input shaft is collinearly arranged with the center line of the output shaft. The input end of the input shaft and the output end of the output shaft respectively penetrate through opposite side walls of the housing and are arranged on the housing. The input shaft conducts power to the intermediate shaft through the first clutch or the second clutch, and then the intermediate shaft conducts power to the output shaft through the third clutch or the fourth clutch; the center line of the intermediate shaft is parallel to the center line of the input shaft and is arranged in the housing;

[0006] One end of the intermediate shaft is in transmission connection with the rotating end of the power motor, and the power motor is arranged outside the housing. The power motor is used to conduct power to the intermediate shaft.

[0007] Further, the first clutch and the second clutch form a first switching dual clutch, and the third clutch and the fourth clutch form a second switching dual clutch. The first switching dual clutch and the second switching dual clutch are the same switching dual clutch;

[0008] The switchable dual clutch comprises a first clutch block, a second clutch block and a piston unit; the first clutch block is located on one side of the piston unit, the second clutch block is located on the other side of the piston unit, and the piston unit is used to clutch the first clutch block and the second clutch block;

[0009] A first gear pair is provided between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the first gear pair is movably sleeved on the input shaft, and another gear of the first gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft; a second gear pair is provided between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the second gear pair is movably sleeved on the input shaft, and another gear of the second gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft; a third gear pair is provided between the output shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the third gear pair is movably sleeved on the output shaft, and another gear of the third gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft; a fourth gear pair is provided between the output shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the fourth gear pair is movably sleeved on the output shaft, and another gear of the fourth gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft;

[0010] The first clutch block of the first switching double clutch is used for clutching the input shaft with a gear of the first gear pair, and the second clutch block of the first switching double clutch is used for clutching the input shaft with a gear of the second gear pair, and the first clutch block of the first switching double clutch and the second clutch block of the first switching double clutch are mutually exclusive clutches;

[0011] The first clutch block of the second switching double clutch is used for clutching the output shaft with a gear of the third gear pair, the second clutch block of the second switching double clutch is used for clutching the output shaft with a gear of the fourth gear pair, and the first clutch block of the second switching double clutch and the second clutch block of the second switching double clutch are mutually exclusive clutches.

[0012] Further, the piston unit comprises a double-headed piston body and a cavity;

[0013] The cross section of the double-headed piston body is an I-shape, one end of the double-headed piston body is arranged in the cavity, and the other end of the double-headed piston body is located outside the cavity, and the two ends of the cavity are respectively connected to a hydraulic unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the first clutch block includes a first friction plate group, and the second clutch block includes a second friction plate group. The first friction plate group is located on one side of the other end of the double-headed piston body, and the second friction plate group is located on the other side of the other end of the double-headed piston body. The double-headed piston body is used to drive one of the first friction plate group or the second friction plate group to engage and the other to separate.

[0015] Further, the second gear pair and the third gear pair form the same gear pair.

[0016] Further, a keyway is provided on the axial surface of the intermediate shaft, and the output end of the power motor is fixedly connected in the keyway.

[0017] Further, there are multiple intermediate shafts, and the intermediate shafts are arranged in an annular array around the center lines of the input shaft and the output shaft. The structures of the multiple intermediate shafts are the same, and each intermediate shaft is respectively connected with a power motor.

[0018] Further, the power motor is a DC power motor.

[0019] Different from the prior art, the power motor added to the intermediate shaft in the above technical solution drives the transmission together with the power on the input shaft. When needed, the power motor can also provide power for the transmission alone to drive the transmission to operate. When operating together, the power motor will share the load of the output shaft and achieve hybrid power output with the power on the input shaft. Since the power motor is arranged on the intermediate shaft on the side of the transmission rather than on the output shaft, the structure is more compact and the occupied space is reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the simple structure of the four-speed transmission described in the specific embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a structure of the four-speed transmission described in the specific embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the four-speed transmission described in the specific embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the switching type dual clutch described in the specific embodiment.

[0024] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0025] 1. Four-speed transmission;

[0026] 11. Input shaft;

[0027] 12. Output shaft;

[0028] 13. Intermediate shaft;

[0029] 14. Housing;

[0030] 15. First gear pair;

[0031] 16. Second gear pair;

[0032] 161. Common gear pair;

[0033] 17. Third gear pair;

[0034] 18. Fourth gear pair;

[0035] 2. Power motor;

[0036] 3. Switching clutch;

[0037] 31. First clutch block;

[0038] 311. First friction plate group;

[0039] 32. Second clutch block;

[0040] 321. Second friction plate group;

[0041] 33. Double-headed piston body;

[0042] 34. Cavity;

[0043] 35. Hydraulic unit;

[0044] 36. First switching clutch;

[0045] 37. Second switching clutch;

[0046] K1. First clutch;

[0047] K2. Second clutch;

[0048] K3. Third clutch;

[0049] K4. Fourth clutch. Detailed implementation mode

[0050] To describe in detail the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the technical solution, the following is a detailed description in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4This embodiment provides a four-speed transmission with power output, the four-speed transmission includes an input shaft 11, an output shaft 12, an intermediate shaft 13, a first clutch K1, a second clutch K2, a third clutch K3, a fourth clutch K4, a housing 14 and a power motor 2; the center line of the input shaft 11 is arranged in a colinear manner with the center line of the output shaft 12, the input end of the input shaft 11 and the output end of the output shaft 12 respectively penetrate the opposite side walls of the housing 14 and are arranged on the housing 14, the input shaft 11 transmits power to the intermediate shaft 13 through the first clutch K1 or the second clutch K2, and then the intermediate shaft 13 transmits power through the third clutch K3 or the fourth clutch K3 to transmit power to the output shaft 12; the center line of the intermediate shaft 13 is parallel to the center line of the input shaft 11 and is arranged in the housing 14. The housing 14 can protect the various components of the four-speed transmission, such as the input shaft 11, the output shaft 12, the intermediate shaft 13, the first clutch k1, the second clutch k2, the third clutch k3, and the fourth clutch k4. One end of the intermediate shaft 13 is transmission-connected to the rotating end of the power motor 2, and the power motor 2 is arranged outside the housing 14. The power motor 2 is used to transmit power to the intermediate shaft 13. The power motor 2 can be a DC power motor, an AC power motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, etc.

[0052] In some embodiments, in order to provide a power source for the four-speed transmission 1 , a power mechanism may be connected to the input end of the input shaft 11 , and the power mechanism is used to drive the input shaft 11 to rotate.

[0053] In this embodiment, the connection between the power motor and the intermediate shaft is a direct connection. Specifically, a keyway is provided on the axial surface of the intermediate shaft, and the output end of the power motor can be inserted and fixed in the keyway by means of interference fit. Alternatively, the direct connection can be another embodiment, such as the output end of the power motor and one end of the intermediate shaft are connected by a coupling.

[0054] In some embodiments, the connection between the power motor and the intermediate shaft may be a gear connection. Specifically, the output shaft of the power motor may be sleeved with a gear, and the intermediate shaft may also be sleeved with a gear, and the gear on the power motor and the gear on the intermediate shaft may mesh with each other, so that the power motor drives the output shaft to rotate.

[0055] Generally, in order to enable the clutch to work, the clutch is arranged on the power input end. One end of the clutch is connected to the power input end, and the other end is connected to the power output end. In this embodiment, the power input end can be an input shaft, and the power output end is a gear rotatably sleeved on the input shaft; or the power output end is an output shaft, and the power input end is a gear rotatably sleeved on the output shaft.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first clutch k1, the second clutch k2, the third clutch k3, and the fourth clutch k4 are existing clutch structures, such as friction clutches and hydraulic clutches. The clutch only plays a role in transmitting power. When it is a friction clutch, a friction clutch is arranged beside each gear of each gear pair. One end of the friction clutch is fixed on the input shaft (or output shaft), and the other end of the friction clutch is connected to the gear of the gear pair. When the friction clutch is in the engaged state, the input shaft (or output shaft) is in gear transmission with the gear. When the friction clutch is in the disengaged state, the input shaft (or output shaft) is not in gear transmission with the gear.

[0057] Using existing clutches, there is a situation where two clutches are in the engaged state at the same time, which will cause gear jamming. In order to optimize the structure of the transmission, solve the problem of gear jamming during clutch switching in traditional transmissions, and make the overall structure simpler. Therefore, in this embodiment, the first clutch and the second clutch form a first switching dual clutch 36, and the third clutch and the fourth clutch form a second switching dual clutch 37. The first switching dual clutch and the second switching dual clutch are the same switching dual clutch 3. The switching dual clutch 3 includes a first clutch block 31, a second clutch block 32, and a piston unit. The first clutch block 31 is located on one side of the piston unit, and the second clutch block 32 is located on the other side of the piston unit. The piston unit is used to engage and disengage the first clutch block 31 and the second clutch block 32. The piston unit of the switching dual clutch 3 can only separately push the first clutch block 31 or the second clutch block 32 into the engaged state, avoiding the situation of being in the engaged state at the same time.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2In some embodiments, a first gear pair is provided between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the first gear pair 15 is movably mounted on the input shaft, and another gear of the first gear pair 15 is provided on the intermediate shaft, a second gear pair 16 is provided between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the second gear pair 16 is movably mounted on the input shaft, and another gear of the second gear pair 16 is provided on the intermediate shaft, a third gear pair 17 is provided between the output shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the third gear pair 17 is movably mounted on the output shaft, and another gear of the third gear pair 17 is provided on the intermediate shaft, a fourth gear pair 18 is provided between the output shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the fourth gear pair 18 is movably mounted on the output shaft, and another gear of the fourth gear pair 18 is provided on the intermediate shaft. The input shaft and the intermediate shaft are connected in transmission through the first gear pair and the second gear pair, and the output shaft and the intermediate shaft are connected in transmission through the third gear pair and the fourth gear pair. The first clutch block of the first switching double clutch (realizing the function of the first clutch K1) is used for clutching the input shaft with a gear of the first gear pair, and the second clutch block of the first switching double clutch (realizing the function of the first clutch K2) is used for clutching the input shaft with a gear of the second gear pair. The first clutch block of the first switching double clutch and the second clutch block of the first switching double clutch are mutually exclusive clutches. The first clutch block of the second switching double clutch (realizing the function of the first clutch K3) is used for clutching the output shaft with a gear of the third gear pair, and the second clutch block of the second switching double clutch (realizing the function of the first clutch K4) is used for clutching the output shaft with a gear of the fourth gear pair. The first clutch block of the second switching double clutch and the second clutch block of the second switching double clutch are mutually exclusive clutches. Through the above-mentioned gear pair and switching double clutch, it can be realized whether the power of the input shaft is transmitted to the intermediate shaft, and through the different gear ratios of the gear pair set on the input shaft, it can be realized that the input shaft power is transmitted to the intermediate shaft with different torques. At the same time, it can be realized whether the power of the intermediate shaft is transmitted to the output shaft, and through the different gear ratios of the gear pair set on the output shaft, the power of the intermediate shaft can be transmitted to the output shaft with different torques. By controlling the change of torque during the power transmission process, the gear position of the four-speed gearbox can be changed.

[0059] The piston unit can be pushed left and right respectively to make the clutch blocks on both sides engage and disengage. In this embodiment, a piston unit includes a double-headed piston body 33 and a cavity 34. The cross section of the double-headed piston body 33 is an I-shaped, one end of the double-headed piston body 33 is arranged in the cavity 34, and the other end of the double-headed piston body 33 is located outside the cavity 34. The double-headed piston body 33 will only push one clutch block to form a closed state with the gear pair, so that the switchable dual clutch 3 will only be in a closed state with one gear pair, and in a closed state with the other gear pair, so that the clutch blocks on both sides will not be engaged at the same time, making the transmission shift more accurate and flexible. At the same time, by setting the other end of the double-headed piston body outside the cavity 34 and using it to push the clutch blocks on both sides to engage and disengage, the lateral width of the double-headed piston body 33 is also reduced, thereby making the structure compact.

[0060] See also Figure 3 In order to reduce the excessive number of gears and optimize the structure, in this embodiment, the second gear pair 16 and the third gear pair 17 are formed into the same gear pair, that is, a shared gear pair. Here, the gear pair formed by the second gear pair 16 and the third gear pair 17 is named a shared gear pair 161. One gear of the shared gear pair 161 can be movably set on the input shaft or on the output shaft, and the other gear is set on the intermediate shaft. Here, taking the shared gear pair movably set on the output shaft as an example, the second clutch block of the first switching dual clutch 36 is used for clutching the input shaft with a gear of the shared gear pair 161, and the first clutch block of the second switching dual clutch 37 is used for clutching the output shaft with a gear of the shared gear pair 161. The remaining first gear pair 15 and third gear pair 18 remain unchanged, and the functions of the clutch blocks of the remaining switchable dual clutches are as follows: the first clutch block of the first switchable dual clutch 36 is used to clutch the input shaft with a gear of the first gear pair 15, and the second clutch block of the second switchable dual clutch 37 is used to clutch the output shaft with a gear of the fourth gear pair.

[0061] In order to realize the clutch structure inside the clutch, the clutch mode of friction plate can be adopted, the first clutch block includes a first friction plate group, the second clutch block includes a second friction plate group, the first friction plate group is located on one side of the other end of the double-headed piston body, and the second friction plate group is located on the other side of the other end of the double-headed piston body, and the double-headed piston body is used to drive one of the first friction plate group or the second friction plate group to engage and the other to separate. That is, the first clutch block or the second clutch block can be clutched by pushing the friction plate of the first clutch block or the friction plate of the second clutch block through the double-headed piston body.

[0062] In this embodiment, the double-headed piston body is used to push the first friction plate group and the second friction plate group. In order to provide power for the double-headed piston body, a hydraulic unit is connected to each end of the cavity of the switching dual clutch, which is used to drive the movement of the double-headed piston body. The hydraulic unit 35 includes a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic pipeline. One end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected to the hydraulic pump, and the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is in communication with the cavity. The hydraulic pipeline includes a first hydraulic pipeline and a second hydraulic pipeline. The first hydraulic pipeline is in communication with the cavity on the left side of the double-headed piston body, and the second hydraulic pipeline is in communication with the cavity on the right side of the double-headed piston body. Hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic pipeline and works in a state of being filled with hydraulic oil, and can respectively transport hydraulic oil to the cavity. Therefore, after pressurizing the hydraulic oil in only one side of the hydraulic pipeline, the oil pressure in the cavity will be unbalanced, and then the double-headed piston body will be driven to move in the cavity, achieving the purpose of controlling the movement of the double-headed piston body in the cavity through the oil pressure of the hydraulic oil.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first gear pair, the common gear pair and the first switching dual clutch are taken as examples. By applying pressure to the hydraulic oil in the second hydraulic pipeline, the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the second hydraulic pipeline is greater than that in the first hydraulic pipeline, and the double-headed piston body is pushed to move to the side of the first hydraulic pipeline, so that the first clutch block of the first switching dual clutch and the first gear pair are in a combined state. At this time, the second clutch block of the first switching dual clutch and a gear of the common gear pair are in a disengaged state. Similarly, when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic pipeline is greater than that in the second hydraulic pipeline, the double-headed piston body is pushed to move to the side of the second hydraulic pipeline, so that the second clutch block of the first switching dual clutch and a gear of the common gear pair are in a combined state. At this time, the first clutch block of the first switching dual clutch and the first gear pair are in a disengaged state. Further, by making the pressures on both sides of the hydraulic pipeline equal, the double-headed piston body is located at the middle position in the cavity, so that the second clutch block of the first switching dual clutch and the common gear are in a disengaged state, and the first clutch block of the first switching dual clutch and the first gear pair are in a disengaged state, that is, the neutral state is achieved.

[0064] In this embodiment, there are two intermediate shafts, and the intermediate shafts are arranged in a circular array around the center line of the input shaft or the output shaft. The power motor can be provided at any end of the intermediate shaft. According to actual needs, the power motor can be arranged on the same side as the input shaft or on the same side as the output shaft. In some embodiments, the number of the intermediate shafts is multiple, and can be two, three, four or even more. The multiple intermediate shafts are arranged in a circumferential array on the central axis of the input shaft or the output shaft. For example, two intermediate shafts can be respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions of the input shaft and the output shaft. The structures of the multiple intermediate shafts are the same, such as gears with the same number of teeth and the same tooth width. In this way, through the multiple intermediate shafts, the loads on the input shaft and the output shaft can be distributed to enhance the bending resistance strength of the input shaft, the intermediate shafts and the output shaft, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the input shaft and the output shaft and achieving the purpose of increasing the load. At the same time, through multiple power motors, in the case of the same output power, the individual length of the multiple power motors can be greatly reduced compared with that of a single power motor, so that the length of the hybrid power system can be greatly reduced, making the structure compact. Especially in the fields such as mining vehicles that require high-power motors, using multiple small power motors can use the power motors of existing passenger cars, which can greatly reduce the cost. The power motor and the power mechanism drive the operation of the transmission together or separately. When driving together, the power motor will act as auxiliary power to cooperate with the power system to drive; sometimes, the power motor can also drive the transmission to work alone.

[0065] It should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in this article, the patent protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, the changes and modifications made to the embodiments described in this article, or the equivalent structural or equivalent process transformations made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-speed transmission with power output, characterized in that: The four-speed transmission includes an input shaft, an output shaft, an intermediate shaft, a first clutch, a second clutch, a third clutch, a fourth clutch, a housing and a power motor; The center line of the input shaft is colinear with the center line of the output shaft, the input end of the input shaft and the output end of the output shaft respectively penetrate the two opposite side walls of the housing and are arranged on the housing, the input shaft transmits power to the intermediate shaft through the first clutch or the second clutch, and then the intermediate shaft transmits power to the output shaft through the third clutch or the fourth clutch; the center line of the intermediate shaft is parallel to the center line of the input shaft and is arranged in the housing; One end of the intermediate shaft is drivingly connected to the rotating end of the power motor, and the power motor is arranged outside the housing, and the power motor is used to transmit power to the intermediate shaft; The first clutch and the second clutch form a first switchable double clutch, the third clutch and the fourth clutch form a second switchable double clutch, and the first switchable double clutch and the second switchable double clutch are the same switchable double clutch; The switchable dual clutch comprises a first clutch block, a second clutch block and a piston unit; the first clutch block is located on one side of the piston unit, the second clutch block is located on the other side of the piston unit, and the piston unit is used to clutch the first clutch block and the second clutch block; A first gear pair is provided between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the first gear pair is movably sleeved on the input shaft, and another gear of the first gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft; a second gear pair is provided between the input shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the second gear pair is movably sleeved on the input shaft, and another gear of the second gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft; a third gear pair is provided between the output shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the third gear pair is movably sleeved on the output shaft, and another gear of the third gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft; a fourth gear pair is provided between the output shaft and the intermediate shaft, one gear of the fourth gear pair is movably sleeved on the output shaft, and another gear of the fourth gear pair is provided on the intermediate shaft; The first clutch block of the first switching double clutch is used for clutching the input shaft with a gear of the first gear pair, and the second clutch block of the first switching double clutch is used for clutching the input shaft with a gear of the second gear pair, and the first clutch block of the first switching double clutch and the second clutch block of the first switching double clutch are mutually exclusive clutches; The first clutch block of the second switching double clutch is used for clutching the output shaft with a gear of the third gear pair, the second clutch block of the second switching double clutch is used for clutching the output shaft with a gear of the fourth gear pair, and the first clutch block of the second switching double clutch and the second clutch block of the second switching double clutch are mutually exclusive clutches; The piston unit comprises a double-headed piston body and a cavity; The cross section of the double-headed piston body is an I-shaped one, one end of the double-headed piston body is arranged in the cavity, the other end of the double-headed piston body is located outside the cavity, and the two ends of the cavity are respectively connected to a hydraulic unit; The first clutch block includes a first friction plate group, the second clutch block includes a second friction plate group, the first friction plate group is located on one side of the other end of the double-headed piston body, the second friction plate group is located on the other side of the other end of the double-headed piston body, and the double-headed piston body is used to drive one of the first friction plate group or the second friction plate group to engage and the other to disengage; The power motor is a DC power motor.

2. The four-speed transmission with power output according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second gear pair and the third gear pair form the same gear pair.

3. The four-speed transmission with power output according to claim 1, characterized in that, A keyway is provided on the axial surface of the intermediate shaft, and the output end of the power motor is fixedly connected in the keyway.

4. The four-speed transmission with power output according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple intermediate shafts, and the intermediate shafts are arranged in an annular array around the center lines of the input shaft and the output shaft. The structures of the multiple intermediate shafts are the same, and each intermediate shaft is respectively connected with a power motor.

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