A cambered surface pressure load loading system
By designing a arc ballast loading system including steel ingots, constraint fixtures and airbag loading control systems in the ship structure experiment, the problem of difficulty in achieving uniform normal loading of large arc structures is solved in traditional loading devices, and the problem of the difficulty of traditional loading devices is realized. The accuracy and authenticity of the test meet the needs of ship structural strength test.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202010374193.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-05-06
AI Technical Summary
In the ship's structural strength test, traditional tension pads and hydraulic cylinder loading devices are difficult to meet the uniform normal loading requirements of large arc structures, and the complex loading conditions lead to inaccurate and untrue test processes.
A arc ballast load loading system including steel ingots, restraint fixtures, test piece guides, loading tooling and airbag loading control system was designed. The test platform was formed by fixed connections of N steel ingots, and the constraint fixtures and airbags were used. To achieve uniform and coordinated loading, the airbag uses soft natural rubber material, combined with programmable controllers and pressure sensors to ensure uniformity and accuracy of loading.
Effectively solve the problem of external ballast loading of large arc structures, realize multiple uniform and slow coordinated loading, simulate the loading of arc structures, ensure the uniformity and accuracy of load application, and make the test results closer to the actual situation. , and the design is simple and stable to meet the experimental needs.
Smart Images
Figure CN111337354B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a large-scale structural strength test, and in particular to a cambered surface pressure load loading system. Background Art
[0002] When a ship structure floats up and down on the water, it will be subject to the water surface load. According to relevant requirements, it is necessary to consider the influence of the water load on the position and distribution of the structure. The test assessment is mainly applied to the test surface of the test piece in the form of distributed pressure. In the ship structure strength test, since the loading area of the load structure surface is large, the surface is irregular, it is mainly a curved surface structure, and the load needs to be applied evenly, there are technical difficulties in external pressure strength loading on large curved surface structures of ships.
[0003] Conventional tension and compression pads and hydraulic cylinder loading devices cannot meet the requirements of special-shaped arc surface loading, and the compressive load is large and there are many working conditions. The implementation of traditional loading test methods is relatively complicated. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new loading system to realize normal loading of large arc surface structures to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of the test. Summary of the invention
[0004] According to the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cambered surface pressure load loading system, including a loading system and an airbag loading control system, wherein the loading system further includes a steel ingot, a constraint fixture, a test piece guide rail, a loading tooling, and an airbag. The number of the steel ingots is N, N≥6, and a test platform is formed by the fixed connection of the N steel ingots. A constraint fixture is provided on the right side of the test platform, and the constraint fixture is composed of a mounting base plate, a side plate, a top plate, a limit block, and a mounting hole. The mounting base plate is fixedly installed on the test platform by bolts. The number of the side plates is 2, and the two side plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base plate. The tops of the side plates are connected by the top plate, and the side plates on each side are connected by the top plate. The plate is symmetrically provided with limit blocks at the front and rear, and mounting holes are provided on the limit blocks. The constraint fixture is a set of 2 in total, and a test piece guide rail is embedded in the constraint fixture. The cross section of the test piece guide rail is in the same shape as the test piece. The constraint fixture is connected to the test piece guide rail by passing bolts through the mounting holes. A loading fixture is provided on the left side of the test platform, and the loading fixture is fixedly installed on the steel casting block, on which a gas nozzle lead-out hole is reserved. An air bag is provided at the bottom of the loading fixture, and two gas nozzles are provided on the air bag, namely gas nozzle I and gas nozzle II. The fixed clamping connection between the loading fixture and the air bag is achieved by respectively leading out the gas nozzle I and gas nozzle II from the gas nozzle lead-out outlets reserved on the loading fixture.
[0005] The airbag loading control system further includes an air source, an air storage tank, an air inlet switch, an air outlet switch, an air inlet pressure limiting valve, a pressure sensor, a programmable controller, and an exhaust port. The air source is connected to the air nozzle I of the airbag through a pipeline via the air storage tank. The air inlet switch and the air inlet pressure limiting valve are sequentially installed on the pipeline between the air storage tank and the airbag. The air nozzle II of the airbag is connected to the exhaust port through a pipeline. The air outlet switch is installed on the pipeline between the airbag and the exhaust port. The side of the airbag is connected to the pressure sensor through a pipeline.
[0006] The programmable controller is connected to the air inlet switch, the air outlet switch, the air inlet pressure limiting valve and the pressure sensor through pipelines, and controls the opening and closing of the air inlet switch and the air outlet switch through feedback from the pressure sensor to form a closed-loop control.
[0007] Furthermore, the loading tooling is a semicircular arc structure.
[0008] Furthermore, the airbag is made of soft natural rubber material, and its wall thickness is 2 mm.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a flow meter and a pressure gauge. There are two groups of flow meters and pressure gauges, one of which is installed on the pipeline between the air intake pressure limiting valve and the airbag, and the other is installed on the pipeline between the airbag and the exhaust switch.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention effectively solves the problem of external pressure load loading on large curved surface structures and external pressure loading on irregular curved surfaces through steel ingots, constraint fixtures, loading fixtures, airbags, and an airbag loading control system that can realize two-way uniform coordinated loading, and has strong applicability; the design of the coordinated loading system can realize multi-way uniform and slow coordinated loading, which can truly simulate the loading conditions of the curved surface structure, ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the load application, and make the external pressure loading of the test piece closer to the actual situation. The present invention is simple in form, reasonable in design, and highly stable, and can well meet the test requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the loading system of the present invention;
[0012] Figure 2 It is a side view of the present invention;
[0013] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the restraining fixture in the present invention;
[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rail of the test piece in the present invention;
[0015] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the loading tooling in the present invention;
[0016] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the airbag in the present invention;
[0017] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the test piece in the present invention;
[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention;
[0019] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the airbag loading control system of the present invention.
[0020] As shown in the figure, steel casting block-1, constraint fixture-2, mounting base plate-201, side plate-202, top plate-203, limit block-204, mounting hole-205, test piece guide rail-3, loading tooling-4, air bag-5, air nozzle I-501, air nozzle II-502, air source-6, air storage tank-7, air inlet switch-8, air outlet switch-9, air inlet pressure limiting valve-10, flow meter-11, pressure sensor-12, pressure gauge-13, programmable controller-14, exhaust port-15, test piece-16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: The present invention is a cambered surface pressure load loading system, including a loading system and an airbag loading control system, wherein the loading system further includes a steel ingot 1, a constraint fixture 2, a test piece guide rail 3, a loading tooling 4, and an airbag 5. The number of the steel ingots 1 is N, N≥6, and a test platform is formed by the fixed connection of the N steel ingots 1. A constraint fixture 2 is provided on the right side of the test platform, which is composed of a mounting base plate 201, a side plate 202, a top plate 203, a limit block 204, and a mounting hole 205. The mounting base plate 201 is fixedly installed on the test platform by bolts. The number of the side plates 202 is 2, and the two side plates 202 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base plate 201. The tops of the side plates 202 are connected by the top plate 203. The side plates 202 on each side are symmetrically provided with limit blocks 204 front and back, and the limit blocks 204 are provided with mounting holes 205. The constraint fixture 2 is a group of 2 A test piece guide rail 3 is embedded in the constraint fixture 2. The constraint fixture 2 is connected to the test piece guide rail 3 by passing the bolt through the mounting hole 205. The main function of the constraint fixture 2 is to simulate the boundary conditions of the test piece. The cross-section of the test piece guide rail 3 is a shape consistent with the test piece, which constrains the horizontal and vertical freedom of the test piece and releases the axial freedom. A loading fixture 4 is provided on the left side of the test platform. The loading fixture 4 is fixedly mounted on the steel casting block 1, and a gas nozzle lead-out hole is reserved thereon. An air bag 5 is provided at the bottom of the loading fixture 4. The loading fixture 4 is fixed to the outside of the air bag 5 to ensure that the air bag 5 fits the expected application surface after pressurization. The air bag 5 is a static strength test air pressure loading device, which fits the loading surface of the test piece. Two air nozzles are provided on the air bag 5, namely, air nozzle I and air nozzle II. The loading fixture 4 and the air bag 5 are fixedly connected by respectively leading out the air nozzle lead-out ports reserved on the loading fixture 4;
[0022] The airbag loading control system further comprises an air source 6, an air tank 7, an air inlet switch 8, an air outlet switch 9, an air inlet pressure limiting valve 10, a pressure sensor 12, a programmable controller 14, and an exhaust port 15. The air source 6 is connected to the air nozzle I of the airbag 5 through a pipeline via the air tank 7. The air tank 7 serves as an air storage device. During the test, the air source 6 pressurizes the air tank 7, and the gas enters the airbag through the air tank 7 to ensure a smooth pressurization process. Inlet and outlet switches are sequentially installed on the pipeline between the air tank 7 and the airbag 5. Air switch 8, air intake pressure limiting valve 10, when the air intake switch 8 is turned on, the airbag 5 is pressurized to limit the air pressure, and the air intake pressure limiting valve 10 avoids excessive pressure to ensure the safety of the test, the air nozzle II of the airbag 5 is connected to the exhaust port 15 through a pipeline, and an air outlet switch 9 is installed on the pipeline between the airbag 5 and the exhaust port 15, which releases the pressure of the airbag 5 when it is turned on, and the side of the airbag 5 is connected to the pressure sensor 12 through a pipeline, and the pressure sensor 12 is used for pressure control and monitoring of the airbag 5;
[0023] The programmable controller 14 is connected to the air inlet switch 8, the air outlet switch 9, the air inlet pressure limiting valve 10 and the pressure sensor 12 through pipelines, and controls the opening and closing of the air inlet switch 8 and the air outlet switch 9 through feedback from the pressure sensor 12 to form a closed-loop control.
[0024] Furthermore, the loading tool 4 is a semicircular arc structure.
[0025] Furthermore, the airbag 5 is made of soft natural rubber material, and its wall thickness is 2 mm.
[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a flow meter 11 and a barometer 13. There are two groups of the flow meter 11 and the barometer 13, one of which is installed on the pipeline between the air intake pressure limiting valve 10 and the air bag 5, and the other is installed on the pipeline between the air bag 5 and the air outlet switch 9. The flow meter 11 and the barometer 13 are connected in series in the control system. The flow meter 11 is used to adjust the inflation and deflation rates, and the value of the barometer 13 is used to calibrate the feedback of the pressure sensor 12.
[0027] Working principle:
[0028] During the test, a steel casting block 1 is used to build a test base to support a constraint fixture 2 and a loading fixture 4. The constraint fixture 2 is connected to the test piece guide rail 3 by bolts to simulate the boundary conditions of the test piece and constrain the horizontal and vertical degrees of freedom of the test piece.
[0029] The airbag 5 is designed according to the curved surface structure shape. The airbag is made of soft natural rubber material, with a wall thickness of 2mm and uniform rubber distribution to ensure airtightness without sand holes, pores and other impurities. The airbag 5 is fixed by the loading fixture 4 to ensure that the airbag 5 fits the expected application surface.
[0030] Before installing the airbag 5, the control system is used to pressurize the airbag step by step to ensure the stability and loading accuracy of the loading system. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Install as shown. During the test, the gas tank 7 is pressurized through the gas source 6, and the programmable controller 14 controls the air inlet switch 8 and the air outlet switch 9 through the pressure value fed back by the pressure sensor 12. When the pressure sensor 12 is lower than the set value, the air outlet switch 9 is closed and the air inlet switch 8 is opened; when the pressure sensor 12 is greater than the set value, the air outlet switch 9 is opened and the air inlet switch 8 is closed; when the pressure sensor 12 is equal to the set value, the air outlet switch 9 and the air inlet switch 8 are both closed, and the pressure meets the test requirements, and the test can be started; the air inlet pressure limiting valve 10 is used to set the limiting air pressure, and the pressure is released when the pressure is too high to ensure the safety of the test; the flow meter 11 is used to adjust the inflation and deflation rates. The control system is connected in series with two barometers 13, and the barometer value is used to calibrate the pressure sensor feedback to avoid measurement errors of the pressure sensor 12.
[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A cambered surface pressure load loading system, It is characterized in that It includes a loading system and an airbag loading control system, wherein the loading system further includes a steel ingot, a constraint fixture, a test piece guide rail, a loading tooling, and an airbag. The number of the steel ingots is N, N≥6, and a test platform is formed by the fixed connection of the N steel ingots. A constraint fixture is provided on the right side of the test platform, and the constraint fixture is composed of a mounting base plate, a side plate, a top plate, a limit block, and a mounting hole. The mounting base plate is fixedly installed on the test platform by bolts. The number of the side plates is 2, and the two side plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base plate. The top of the side plates is connected by a top plate, and the side plates on each side are symmetrically provided with limit blocks front and back. The block is provided with a mounting hole, the restraint fixture is a set of 2, a test piece guide rail is embedded in the restraint fixture, the cross section of the test piece guide rail is in the same shape as the test piece, the restraint fixture is connected to the test piece guide rail by passing a bolt through the mounting hole, a loading fixture is provided on the left side of the test platform, the loading fixture is fixedly mounted on the steel casting block, an air nozzle lead-out hole is reserved on the loading fixture, an air bag is provided at the bottom of the loading fixture, two air nozzles are provided on the air bag, namely, air nozzle I and air nozzle II, and the loading fixture and the air bag are fixedly connected by respectively leading out the air nozzle lead-out holes reserved on the loading fixture; The airbag loading control system further includes an air source, an air storage tank, an air inlet switch, an air outlet switch, an air inlet pressure limiting valve, a pressure sensor, a programmable controller, and an exhaust port. The air source is connected to the air nozzle I of the airbag through a pipeline via the air storage tank. The air inlet switch and the air inlet pressure limiting valve are sequentially installed on the pipeline between the air storage tank and the airbag. The air nozzle II of the airbag is connected to the exhaust port through a pipeline. The air outlet switch is installed on the pipeline between the airbag and the exhaust port. The side of the airbag is connected to the pressure sensor through a pipeline. The programmable controller is connected to the air inlet switch, the air outlet switch, the air inlet pressure limiting valve and the pressure sensor through pipelines, and controls the opening and closing of the air inlet switch and the air outlet switch through feedback from the pressure sensor to form a closed-loop control; The loading tooling is a semicircular arc structure; The airbag is made of soft natural rubber material, and its wall thickness is 2mm.
2. A cambered surface pressure load loading system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a flow meter and a pressure gauge. There are two groups of the flow meter and the pressure gauge, one of which is installed on the pipeline between the air intake pressure limiting valve and the air bag, and the other is installed on the pipeline between the air bag and the air outlet switch.