A solid waste multi-heat-source anaerobic cracking treatment system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid waste multi-heat-source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system, which includes a solid waste feeding system, an exhaust system, an anaerobic pyrolysis system, a carbon scraping device, a carbon discharging system, a main drive system, a visual system, an intelligent control system and a gas purification system. The combustible gas generated by the anaerobic pyrolysis system is used as the pyrolysis energy source. The present invention can convert the solid waste in the city, especially the organic solid waste in the municipal domestic waste, into renewable combustible gas, oil, carbon, etc. The generated combustible gas is returned to the multi-heat-source heating system as fuel, recycling the energy, reducing the energy consumption and also reducing the treatment cost. The excess combustible gas is sent to the combustible gas storage tank for storage and other uses, achieving the purpose of saving energy. Since the solid waste is pyrolyzed under an anaerobic environment and there is no condition for generating pollutants, the problem of secondary pollution is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a solid waste treatment device, in particular to a solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the amount of waste generated in China far exceeds the amount of waste that can be processed. To address this, governments at all levels are implementing waste sorting and processing systems to address this prominent issue. Current treatment methods include landfilling, composting, incineration, and dry distillation.

[0003] The landfill process has been accepted and widely used for many years, but with the improvement of the country's environmental requirements and landfill management standards, disadvantages have gradually emerged, mainly the large area occupied, the waste of limited land resources, the increased requirements for landfill sites, and the increase in investment.

[0004] Composting technology can be used to treat biomass and achieve basic harmless treatment requirements. However, due to the large amount of organic matter in solid waste, especially urban garbage, the long distance between cities and rural areas makes transportation difficult, and the unstable quality due to the lack of fine technical control, composting technology is difficult to promote on a large scale.

[0005] Incineration technology is a topic that many countries are actively researching. Years of research and practice have proven that incineration technology has become increasingly optimized. However, due to issues such as aerobic or micro-oxygen combustion and operation, the dioxin pollution problem around incineration plants has not been completely resolved, causing strong public response.

[0006] Dry distillation technology is a relatively new treatment method, but it is currently used in hazardous waste treatment projects both at home and abroad. The daily processing volume is small and cannot meet market demand.

[0007] Therefore, in order to meet the market demand and do a good job in garbage classification, recycling intelligent terminals, and back-end intelligent processing, a multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system for solid waste was specially invented. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system for treating organic solid waste with a large treatment capacity.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system, characterized in that the solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system includes a feeding system, an exhaust system, an anaerobic pyrolysis system, a charcoal removal device, a charcoal discharge system, a main transmission system and a gas purification system, and the combustible gas generated by the anaerobic pyrolysis system is used as the pyrolysis energy.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding system includes a receiving hopper, a feeding bin and a pneumatic valve; the pneumatic valve is arranged at the outlet of the feeding bin.

[0011] Preferably, the anaerobic cracking system is surrounded by an electric heating system and a multi-heat source heating system. The outer wall of the electric heating system has a first baffle protruding obliquely downward, and the inner wall of the multi-heat source heating system is provided with a second baffle protruding obliquely downward; several groups of combustible gas exhaust holes and a group of waste gas outlets are arranged on the outer wall of the multi-heat source heating system; a combustion device is arranged at the bottom of the multi-heat source heating system.

[0012] After the solid waste enters the anaerobic cracking system through the pneumatic valve, it is first heated by electricity. After the generated regenerated combustible gas is purified, it returns to the multi-heat source heating system for combustion heating. Then, the electric heating is turned off, and the regenerated combustible gas is used for heating to achieve the purpose of recycling. The produced combustible gas passes through the biomass oil filtration device and the combustible gas outlet valve in the gas storage tank and enters the combustible gas purification system. Since the temperature of the combustible gas drops when passing through the biomass oil filtration device, the decomposed biomass oil falls downward under the action of gravity to the biomass oil outlet and returns to the anaerobic cracking system for continuous cracking. The function of the explosion-proof pressure relief valve is that when the working pressure of the exhaust system exceeds the normal range, it works to relieve pressure under the command of the intelligent control system, so that part of the combustible gas enters the independent standby storage tank to ensure the operation of the multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system for a kind of solid waste under the normal working pressure.

[0013] The multi-heat source heating system and the electric heating system can be used singly or simultaneously.

[0014] The heat source heating system burns the combustible gas, and the heat energy is transmitted to the anaerobic cracking system, so that the solid waste in the anaerobic cracking system is pyrolyzed at high temperature, and the generated waste gas is discharged from the waste gas outlet into the special waste gas channel and then sent to the waste gas treatment main station for unified treatment. The waste gas treatment main station is a conventional technology in this field and will not be elaborated here.

[0015] Preferably, the exhaust system includes a gas storage tank, a combustible gas outlet valve arranged on the gas storage tank, a biomass oil filtration device arranged in the gas storage tank, a biomass oil outlet arranged at the bottom of the gas storage tank, a group of exhaust holes arranged around the gas storage tank, and an explosion-proof pressure relief valve.

[0016] The produced combustible gas flows through the gas storage tank, the biomass oil filtration device, and the combustible gas outlet valve and enters the combustible gas purification system. Since the temperature of the combustible gas drops when passing through the biomass oil filtration device, the condensed biomass oil falls downward under the action of gravity to the biomass oil outlet and returns to the anaerobic cracking system for continuous cracking.

[0017] After the solid waste enters the anaerobic cracking system, it is blocked by the first baffle and the second baffle and moves slowly downward, so that the solid waste is pyrolyzed and gasified at high temperature. Finally, the combustible gas enters the exhaust system from the combustible gas exhaust hole group and is discharged from the combustible gas outlet valve, and the remaining carbon falls to the bottom of the furnace and enters the carbon removal device.

[0018] Preferably, the carbon scraping device is located at the bottom of the anaerobic pyrolysis system. The carbon scraping device includes a carbon scraping blade, a carbon scraping blade gland, a small driving gear, a carbon outlet, a large driving gear, a transmission shaft, a speed reducer and a motor. The carbon falling from the anaerobic pyrolysis system is pushed by the rotating carbon scraping blade to the carbon outlet at the bottom, and then enters the carbon discharging system.

[0019] Preferably, the carbon discharging system is located at the lower right of the bottom of the anaerobic pyrolysis system and is connected to the carbon outlet of the carbon scraping device. The carbon discharging system includes a carbon receiving hopper, a spiral conveying pipeline, a speed regulating motor, a carbon discharging pipe and a carbon discharging valve. The carbon coming out of the carbon outlet is collected through the spiral conveyor at the outlet of the discharging controller and the carbon discharging valve.

[0020] Preferably, the inlet of the gas purification system is connected to the combustible gas outlet valve; the gas purification system includes a cyclone dust collector, a desulfurization tower, a cooler, a Roots blower and a combustible gas storage tank arranged in sequence; the outlet of the combustible gas storage tank is connected to the combustion device through a pipeline; a valve is arranged between the outlet of the combustible gas storage tank and the combustion device.

[0021] The outlet of the combustible gas storage tank is connected to the combustion device through a pipeline, ensuring that the purified combustible gas returns to the multi-heat source heating system to heat the anaerobic pyrolysis system, and the excess combustible gas is stored in the combustible gas storage tank.

[0022] Preferably, the multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system for solid waste further includes a visual system, and visual systems are arranged on the feeding bin, the exhaust system, the multi-heat source heating system, the carbon scraping device and the carbon discharging system. Its function is to directly observe the actual operation conditions of each main part.

[0023] Preferably, the multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system for solid waste further includes an intelligent control system, and the intelligent control system is wirelessly connected to the solid waste feeding system, the exhaust system, the multi-heat source heating system, the electric heating system, the carbon scraping device, the carbon discharging system, the main drive system, the visual system and the gas purification system respectively. In visual monitoring, commands are automatically and manually issued by the computer to control various motors, electrical appliances, instruments, meters and valves in the equipment. Although the control room is far from the working site, due to the visual intelligent system, the actual operation conditions can still be clearly observed in real time.

[0024] Furthermore, an explosion-proof pressure relief valve is also arranged on the exhaust system. The function of the explosion-proof pressure relief valve is that when the working pressure of the exhaust system exceeds the normal range, it works to relieve pressure under the command of the intelligent control system, so that part of the combustible gas enters the independent standby storage tank, ensuring that the multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system for solid waste operates under normal working pressure.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Recycling of renewable energy. The present invention can preferably convert solid waste in cities, especially organic solid waste in municipal domestic waste, into combustible gas, oil, carbon, etc. that can be recycled. The generated combustible gas is returned to the multi-heat-source heating system as fuel, recycling its own renewable energy, reducing energy consumption and treatment costs; Since solid waste, especially organic solid waste in municipal domestic waste, is pyrolyzed by heat in an anaerobic environment and there are no conditions for generating pollutants, the pollution problem is solved; At the same time, the equipment can be fabricated on-site, and large-tonnage treatment equipment can be manufactured, which also solves the problem of large-scale treatment of solid waste, especially municipal domestic waste; The purpose of turning waste into treasure is realized, greatly reducing the damage to the environment caused by human activities, and effectively changing the current situation of food shortage caused by using food crops to produce energy. The structure adopted by the present invention is efficient and intelligent, greatly improving the treatment speed of solid waste, especially municipal domestic waste, and can smoothly and quickly produce combustible gas, oil and carbon; The design is safe and reliable. The design pressure is 20 times the operating pressure, and an explosion-proof pressure relief device is set in the operating system. When the working pressure exceeds the set pressure, the intelligent control system will open the explosion-proof pressure relief valve to discharge the combustible gas to an independent standby gas storage tank for storage. When the working pressure is less than the set pressure, the intelligent control system will close the combustible gas outlet valve. When the normal working pressure condition is met, the combustible gas outlet valve will be opened to make the system work normally. When the combustible gas outlet valve is closed, the independent standby gas storage tank is enabled to send the combustible gas stored in it into the gas purification system for purification. When the system works normally, the gas supply from the independent standby gas storage tank is stopped first, and then the combustible gas outlet valve is opened to make the system work normally.

[0026] This equipment first uses the electric heating system to heat the anaerobic pyrolysis system to pyrolyze and gasify the solid waste at high temperature. After sufficient combustible gas is produced, it is returned to the multi-heat-source heating system to heat the anaerobic pyrolysis system, so that the solid waste continues to be pyrolyzed and gasified at high temperature. Then the electric heating system is turned off, and the purified combustible gas of the multi-heat-source heating system is continued to be used to heat the anaerobic pyrolysis system. In this way, the cycle is carried out to make full use of its own energy, and the excess combustible gas is sent to the combustible gas storage tank for storage for other uses, achieving the purpose of saving energy.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and to be implemented in accordance with the content of the specification, the following describes in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the solid waste feeding system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the feeding system in

[0030] Figure 3 For Figure 1 the schematic assembly structure diagram of the feeding system and the anaerobic pyrolysis system in

[0031] Figure 4 For Figure 3 the schematic structure diagram of the electric heating system in

[0032] Figure 5 For Figure 3 the schematic structure diagram of the multi - heat - source heating system in

[0033] Figure 6 the schematic assembly structure diagram of the electric heating system and the multi - heat - source system

[0034] Figure 7 For Figure 3 the schematic structure diagram of the exhaust system in

[0035] Figure 8 For Figure 1 the schematic structure diagram of the gas purification system in

[0036] Figure 9 For Figure 1 the schematic structure diagram of the carbon extraction system in

[0037] Figure 10 For Figure 1 the schematic structure diagram of the carbon discharging system in Specific embodiments

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a solid waste multi - heat - source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a feeding system 1, an exhaust system 2, an anaerobic pyrolysis system 5, a carbon extraction device 6, a carbon discharging system 7, a main drive system 8, and a gas purification system 12. The combustible gas generated by the anaerobic pyrolysis system 5 is used as the pyrolysis energy source.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 2The feeding system 1 shown in the figure, the feeding system 1 includes a receiving hopper 101, a feeding bin 102 and a pneumatic valve 103; the pneumatic valve 103 is arranged at the outlet of the feeding bin 102.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the anaerobic cracking system 5 is surrounded by an electric heating system 4 and a multi-heat-source heating system 3. The electric heating system 4 has an electric heater 43 arranged inside the electric heating system 4. The outer wall 42 of the electric heating system 4 has a first baffle 51 protruding obliquely downward. The inner wall of the multi-heat-source heating system 3 is provided with a second baffle 52 protruding obliquely downward; several combustible gas exhaust hole groups 34 and waste gas discharge port groups 37 are arranged on the outer wall of the multi-heat-source heating system; a combustion device 126 is arranged at the bottom of the multi-heat-source heating system.

[0042] The various heating systems 3 and the electric heating system 4 in the anaerobic cracking system 5 can be used simultaneously or separately; under the heating action of the multi-heat-source heating system 3 and the electric heating system 4 on the solid waste, the organic matter in the solid waste cracks and gasifies to generate combustible gas, oil and residual carbon. Due to the action of gravity, the residual carbon gradually falls along the first baffle 51 and the second baffle 52 to the bottom of the anaerobic cracking system 5.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the exhaust system 2, the exhaust system 2 includes a gas storage tank 24, a combustible gas outlet valve 21 arranged on the gas storage tank 24, a biomass oil filtering device 10 arranged inside the gas storage tank 24, a biomass oil outlet 22 arranged at the bottom of the gas storage tank 24 and an exhaust hole group 34 arranged around the gas storage tank 24. An explosion-proof pressure relief valve 211 and a manhole 13 are also arranged on the exhaust system 2. When the combustible gas passes through the biomass oil filtering device 10, under the cooling action, the biomass oil in the combustible gas adheres to the pipe wall of the biomass oil filtering device 10 and slowly slides down under the action of gravity and finally falls to the bottom. The biomass oil outlet 22 is connected to the anaerobic cracking system 5, and a biomass oil inlet 35 is arranged at the bottom of the multi-heat-source heating system 5. The biomass oil entering the anaerobic cracking system 5 from the biomass oil outlet 22 continues to crack at the biomass oil inlet 35, thereby reducing the biomass oil content in the combustible gas and the equipment investment for subsequent gas purification.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the carbon removal device 6, the carbon removal device 6 is located at the bottom of the anaerobic cracking system 5. The carbon removal device 6 includes a carbon removal scraper 61, a carbon removal scraper gland 62, a small driving gear 63, a carbon outlet 64, a large driving gear 65, a transmission shaft 81, a speed reducer 82 and a motor 83.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 10The carbon discharging system 7 shown in the figure is located at the lower right of the bottom of the anaerobic pyrolysis system 5 and is connected to the carbon discharging port 64 of the carbon pushing device 6. The carbon discharging system 7 includes a carbon receiving hopper 71, a spiral conveying pipeline 72, a speed regulating motor 73, a carbon discharging pipe 74, a discharging controller 75 and a carbon discharging valve 76. Finally, the residual carbon is discharged and collected from the carbon discharging valve 76. A part of the combustible gas is returned to the multi-heat source heating system 3 as recycled energy, and the excess part is stored in the combustible gas storage tank.

[0046] The solid waste passes through the anaerobic pyrolysis system 5 to produce residual carbon. The residual carbon falls to the bottom of the anaerobic pyrolysis system 5. Through the rotational movement of the carbon pushing system 6, the carbon pushing scraper 61 pushes the residual carbon towards the carbon discharging port 64 and into the carbon receiving hopper 71, and then is spirally conveyed to the carbon discharging pipe 74 and collected through the discharging controller 75 and the carbon discharging valve 76. The rotational movement of the carbon pushing system 6 is driven by the motor 83, the reducer 82, the transmission shaft 81, which drives the small transmission gear 63 and then drives the large transmission gear 65 to make the large transmission gear perform a circular motion. The carbon pushing scraper is an indirect cross-shaped structure and is integrated with the large transmission gear.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 8 The gas purification system 12 shown in the figure. The inlet 128 of the gas purification system 12 is connected to the combustible gas outlet valve 21; the gas purification system 12 includes a cyclone dust collector 121, a desulfurization tower 122, a cooler 123, a Roots blower 124, a filtering device 125 and a combustible gas storage tank 127 arranged in sequence; the outlet of the combustible gas storage tank 127 is connected to the combustion device 126 through a pipeline 129. In the present invention, the filtering device can also be a biomass oil filtering device.

[0048] The combustible gas generated by the anaerobic pyrolysis system 5 rises from the gas storage tank 24 of the exhaust system 2 and gradually cools down, passes through the biomass oil filtering device 10, is discharged from the combustible gas outlet valve 21 and enters the combustible gas purification system 12. After being purified by the cyclone dust collector 121, the desulfurization tower 122, the cooler 123, the Roots blower 124 and the filtering device 125, it is connected to the combustion device 126 through a pipeline 129, so that the combustible gas discharged from the exhaust system 2 returns to the multi-heat source heating system 3 for combustion, heating the anaerobic pyrolysis system 5, enabling the solid waste in the anaerobic pyrolysis system 5 to be pyrolyzed at high temperature, achieving the purpose of recycling energy, and the excess combustible gas is stored through the combustible gas storage tank.

[0049] The multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system for solid waste further includes a visual system 9. The visual system 9 is provided on the feeding bin 102, the exhaust system 2, the multi-heat source heating system 3, the carbon pushing device 6 and the carbon discharging system 7. The function of the visual system 9 is to directly observe the actual and real operation conditions of each main part, so as to adjust relevant data and make the equipment operate normally.

[0050] The solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system further includes an intelligent control system 11, which is wirelessly connected to the solid waste feeding system 1, the exhaust system 2, the multi-heat source heating system 3, the electric heating system 4, the carbon scraping device 6, the carbon discharging system 7, the main drive system 8, the visual system 9 and the gas purification system 12 respectively. The intelligent control system 11 places the solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system under the monitoring of an industrial television, and issues instructions automatically or manually by a computer to control various motors, electrical appliances, instruments, meters, valves and control components. This enables the control room to be far away from the working site, ensuring the safety of the operators.

[0051] In addition, in addition to the above various components, this device generally also includes various instruments and meters for observing the operating state, various valves and automated intelligent control components.

[0052] The equipment structure of the present invention can be vertical or horizontal, and its implementation mode is not limited by the above embodiments. As long as it achieves the technical effects of the present invention by the same means, it should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combinations of these technical features do not conflict, they should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0054] The above embodiments only represent several implementation modes of the present invention. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system, characterized in that, The solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system includes a feeding system (1), an exhaust system (2), an anaerobic cracking system (5), a carbon scraping device (6), a carbon discharging system (7), a main drive system (8) and a gas purification system (12). The combustible gas generated by the anaerobic cracking system (5) is used as the cracking energy source. The anaerobic cracking system (5) is surrounded by an electric heating system (4) and a multi-heat source heating system (3). The outer wall (42) of the electric heating system (4) has a first baffle (51) protruding obliquely downward, and the inner wall (32) of the multi-heat source heating system (3) is provided with a second baffle (52) protruding obliquely downward. A number of combustible gas exhaust hole groups (34) and waste gas discharge port groups (37) are arranged on the outer wall of the multi-heat source heating system (3). A combustion device (126) is arranged at the bottom of the multi-heat source heating system (3). The exhaust system (2) includes a gas storage tank (24), a combustible gas outlet valve (21) arranged on the gas storage tank (24), a biomass oil filtering device (10) arranged in the gas storage tank (24), a biomass oil outlet (22) arranged at the bottom of the gas storage tank (24), and an exhaust hole group (34) arranged around the gas storage tank (24). The biomass oil outlet (22) is connected to the anaerobic cracking system (5).

2. The anaerobic cracking treatment system for solid waste with multiple heat sources according to claim 1, wherein The feeding system (1) includes a receiving hopper (101), a feeding bin (102) and a pneumatic valve (103). The pneumatic valve (103) is arranged at the outlet of the feeding bin (102).

3. A solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon scraping device (6) is located at the bottom of the anaerobic cracking system (5). The carbon scraping device (6) includes a carbon scraping blade (61), a carbon scraping blade gland (62), a small driving gear (63), a carbon discharging port (64), a large driving gear (65), a transmission shaft (81), a speed reducer (82) and a motor (83).

4. A solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that The carbon discharging system (7) is located at the lower right of the bottom of the anaerobic cracking system (5) and is connected to the carbon discharging port (64) of the carbon scraping device (6). The carbon discharging system (7) includes a carbon receiving hopper (71), a spiral conveying pipeline (72), a speed regulating motor (73), a carbon discharging pipe (74) and a carbon discharging valve (76).

5. A solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet (128) of the gas purification system (12) is connected to the combustible gas outlet valve (21). The gas purification system (12) includes a cyclone dust collector (121), a desulfurization tower (122), a cooler (123), a Roots blower (124) and a combustible gas storage tank (127) arranged in sequence. The outlet of the combustible gas storage tank (127) is connected to the combustion device (126) through a pipeline.

6. The anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system for solid waste with multiple heat sources according to claim 1, wherein, The solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system further includes a visual system (9). The visual system (9) is arranged on the feeding bin (102), the exhaust system (2), the multi-heat source heating system (3), the carbon scraping device (6) and the carbon discharging system (7).

7. A solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic cracking treatment system further includes an intelligent control system (11), and the intelligent control system (11) is wirelessly connected to a solid waste feeding system (1), an exhaust system (2), a multi-heat source heating system (3), an electric heating system (4), a carbon dialing device (6), a carbon discharging system (7), a main drive system (8), a visual system (9), and a gas purification system (12) respectively.

8. A solid waste multi-heat source anaerobic pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An explosion-proof pressure relief valve (211) is further arranged on the exhaust system (2).

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