A closed fermentation processing and preparation system for solid organic materials

Abstract

The solid organic material closed fermentation processing and preparation system provided by the present invention includes an organic material proportioning premixing device, a trough-type closed fermentation device, and an organic material drying and crushing preparation device; the trough-type closed fermentation device includes a fermentation tank, a closed shed is built outside the fermentation tank, and inside the fermentation tank body, a main ventilation channel runs through along the longitudinal center axis of the fermentation tank body, and the two sides of the main ventilation channel are respectively connected with air intake channels, and a trough wall ventilation channel is opened on the side wall of the fermentation tank body, and the trough wall ventilation channels are connected with the air intake channel and the main ventilation channel. The advantages are that the organic material proportioning is scientific, the fermentation is uniform, the production cycle is short, the degree of industrialization is high, the annual production capacity is large, and the fermented organic materials are standardized and harmless. In addition, the waste gas generated during the fermentation process is discharged after being harmlessly treated to meet environmental protection requirements, which will have important production and social benefits for the sustainable development of my country's circular and ecological agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid organic material fermentation equipment, and in particular relates to a closed fermentation processing and preparation system for solid organic material. Background Art

[0002] At present, my country's organic material fermentation adopts three methods: tank, trough and pile fermentation. Among them, tank fermentation is mainly used for liquid organic materials. Due to the large investment, it is less used; solid organic materials are fermented in trough or pile, but almost all of them are open fermentation and there are no drying facilities. Therefore, the waste gas generated during the fermentation process pollutes the environment. Due to the natural loss of water, the water content of the fermented material is controlled to be low (far lower than the optimal water content of 55-65%), and the organic material is piled for a long time, resulting in incomplete fermentation of organic materials and low degree of harmlessness, and nutrient loss due to burning of materials to varying degrees.

[0003] Among the tank fermentation methods, the most common method is to feed the whole tank and turn the material in sections (daily). After 20 to 30 days of fermentation in the fermentation tank, the material is piled outside the tank for several months to allow the water to naturally dissipate to about 30% before being canned for sale. During the fermentation process, most of them are not equipped with ventilation devices, resulting in the organic materials at the bottom being in an anaerobic state for a long time and deteriorating and stinking; some have several ventilation channels or ventilation pipes at the bottom of the tank, but the ventilation system is not perfect and there are dead corners around the bottom of the tank, so the organic materials are not fermented evenly and still deteriorate and stink; a few tanks are equipped with ventilation interlayers at the bottom for fermentation, but the construction cost is too high and it is not operable for large-scale production. The waste gas generated during the tank fermentation and stacking (the so-called "post-ripening" or "secondary fermentation") (changed to "after the tank fermentation is completed, the water is naturally lost by stacking outside the tank for a long time (the so-called "post-ripening" or "secondary fermentation") not only brings great harm to the production workers and residents living in the surrounding areas, but also causes great pollution to the atmospheric environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the existing technology of solid organic material tank fermentation all adopts open fermentation, the present invention provides a solid organic material closed fermentation processing and preparation system, which aims to not only ensure that the fermented organic material is of high quality and free of pests and diseases, but also that the waste gas generated during the fermentation process is harmlessly treated to meet environmental protection requirements before being discharged, which will have important production and social benefits for the sustainable development of my country's circular and ecological agriculture.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows: a solid organic material closed fermentation processing and preparation system provided by the present invention comprises an organic material proportioning premixing device, a trough-type closed fermentation device, and an organic material drying and crushing preparation device, wherein the organic material proportioning premixing device mixes the organic material and transmits it to the trough-type closed fermentation device through a material conveyor A, and after fermentation, transmits it to the organic material drying and crushing preparation device through a material conveyor B for processing; different animal husbandry wastes can be pretreated and mixed, fermented by a suitable fermentation agent, and the fermented organic material is then produced into an organic raw material with high nutrients, organic matter, moisture content, standardized fineness and harmlessness through the drying and crushing preparation device, so as to provide high-quality organic raw materials for the granulation production of organic fertilizer or bio-organic fertilizer, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer or compound microbial fertilizer, thereby allowing a large amount of agricultural and animal husbandry waste to be recycled.

[0006] The tank-type closed fermentation device includes a fermentation tank, a closed shed is built outside the fermentation tank, a main ventilation channel is penetrated inside the fermentation tank body along the longitudinal center axis of the fermentation tank body, and the two sides of the main ventilation channel are respectively connected to the air intake channel A and the air intake channel B, and a tank wall ventilation channel is opened on the side wall of the fermentation tank body, and the tank wall ventilation channels are all connected to the air intake channel A, the air intake channel B, and the main ventilation channel. The present application adopts a closed fermentation tank to ensure that the waste gas of the fermentation will not be discharged to the external environment.

[0007] Furthermore, the organic material ratio premixing device includes a premixer, the organic material is tested for nutrients, water content, and pH value in the laboratory to determine the ratio of different organic materials, and then input into the premixer, the moisture content is controlled at 55-65% in the premixer, fermentation bacteria are added, the pH is adjusted, and the mixture is fully mixed before being input into the trough-type closed fermentation device through the material conveyor A.

[0008] Furthermore, the organic material drying and crushing preparation device includes a drying cylinder, a cooling cylinder, a crusher, a sieving machine, and / or a packaging machine in sequence, and the various devices are connected by a conveyor belt. After the organic material is transported to the drying cylinder, it is dried by a gas hot air burner until the water content is below 30; the dried organic material enters the cooling cylinder for cooling; the organic material is crushed after cooling; after the organic material is crushed, the organic material with a fineness of more than 30 mesh is sieved out for quantitative packaging and storage or sent to a granulator for granulation, thereby realizing the recycling of solid organic fertilizer, for example, it can be used as an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and granular organic fertilizer.

[0009] Furthermore, the organic material proportioning premixing device also includes a crusher A, which is used to crush the organic material and then send it to the laboratory for testing nutrients, moisture, and pH value.

[0010] Furthermore, the fermentation tank structure of the trough-type closed fermentation device is a brick-concrete strip structure, one end of which is closed with brick-concrete, and the other end is a feed port. A door installation slot is opened on the trough wall on both sides of the feed port, and the height is consistent with the height of the trough wall. A sealing plate is inserted from the installation slot to close the feed port. A 1-1.5cm wide interlayer is provided inside the sealing plate, and a plurality of ventilation holes A are opened on it. The width of the fermentation tank is 2-5m, the length is 30-50m, and the wall height is 1.7-2m. The mixed organic material is transmitted to the feed port by the material conveyor A through the organic material proportioning premixing device and then sent into the fermentation tank.

[0011] Furthermore, at least one interconnected U-shaped ventilation groove is provided on the inner wall and bottom of the fermentation tank, each of the U-shaped ventilation grooves is spaced 40-60cm apart, and the main air duct is connected to each U-shaped ventilation groove. The U-shaped ventilation grooves are connected to the main air duct with a width of 6-10cm in the center of the bottom of the tank. Due to the air inlet channel, air is sent from both ends of the main air duct to ventilate from the bottom and all around during the fermentation process (including the two ends of the fermentation tank, i.e. the closed door ventilation interlayer and the other end of the ventilation groove that is the same as the tank wall). The air sent in evenly penetrates the fermented material in the tank, and each U-shaped ventilation groove is connected to the main air duct, further increasing the air flow in the fermentation tank and enhancing ventilation. Before laying the material, adjust the air inlet position at both ends of the main ventilation groove, and the air inlet (air inlet channel) should be 50cm inside the material surface to prevent the sent in air from overflowing from the empty space without material. The material laying height is 1.5-2.0 meters, and the crawler-type material turning machine is left at the feeding port without laying materials. After the fermentation material is laid, holes are punched from top to bottom in the middle of each U-shaped ventilation groove, with a hole spacing of 50cm and a hole diameter of 1-1.5cm.

[0012] Furthermore, a temperature sensor A is fixed at the upper surface of the fermentation tank, a temperature sensor B is arranged at the air inlet channel at the bottom of the fermentation tank, and a heater / cooler is also installed inside the fermentation tank.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing strip is sealed on the surface of the notch of the U-shaped ventilation groove, and a vent B is opened on the sealing strip. The U-shaped ventilation groove is connected to the main airway, and a sealing strip is added to the notch surface to effectively help the air flow to enter the fermentation tank from the main airway, and then pass through the entire fermentation tank through the U-shaped ventilation groove.

[0014] Furthermore, temperature sensors C are installed at the upper, middle and lower positions of the inner wall of the fermentation tank, and tracks are installed at the top of the tank walls on both sides of the opening position on the upper surface of the fermentation tank for the operation of the crawler-type material turning machine. The temperature sensor C is used to monitor the temperature change of the material during the fermentation process, and the material turning machine is used to turn the material. For example, multiple groups of temperature sensors are installed at the upper (25 cm below the material surface), middle (middle layer of the material), lower (25 cm above the bottom) positions of the fermentation tank, as well as the outer (25 cm from the tank wall) and middle (center of the tank width).

[0015] Furthermore, the discharge end of the crawler-type material turning machine is also connected to the crusher B, so as to convey the large pieces of organic materials to the crusher B for crushing each time the materials are turned, and then return the materials to the fermentation tank.

[0016] Furthermore, after the fermentation is completed, the discharge end of the crawler-type material turning machine is connected to the material conveyor B, and the fermented material is conveyed to the material conveyor B via the material turning machine, and then transmitted to the organic material drying and crushing preparation device for processing.

[0017] Furthermore, both the air inlet passage A and the air inlet passage B are connected with a ventilation pipe, one end of the ventilation pipe is connected with a blower, and the other end is communicated with the main ventilation groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the height of the tank wall air passage opened on the side wall of the fermentation tank body is 40-50 cm lower than the top of the tank wall.

[0019] Furthermore, the enclosed shed is an aluminum alloy enclosed shed or a plastic enclosed shed. The plastic material used is 10-12 filaments thick polypropylene or polyethylene. The plastic enclosed shed made of this material is easy to build and dismantle and has low cost.

[0020] Furthermore, an exhaust device is provided outside the enclosed shed, and the exhaust device extends into the enclosed shed through an exhaust pipe. The exhaust device is connected to the exhaust gas purification device, and an exhaust gas detection device is installed in the channel connecting the exhaust pipe and the exhaust device.

[0021] Furthermore, the system also includes a control panel, and the temperature sensor A, the temperature sensor B, and the heater / cooler are all connected to the control panel for signal transmission. The temperature sensor A and the temperature sensor B are used to detect the internal temperature of the fermentation tank and send the temperature parameters to the control panel. The control panel sends a start / stop signal to the heater / cooler according to the result that the temperature is lower than / higher than a preset threshold value.

[0022] The temperature sensor C and the material turning machine are both connected to the control panel for signal transmission. The temperature sensor C is used to monitor the temperature change of the material during the fermentation process and send the temperature signal to the control panel. The control panel is used to control the turning time and number of the crawler-type material turning machine according to the received temperature parameters.

[0023] The exhaust device, the exhaust gas purification device, and the exhaust gas detection device all transmit signals to the control panel. The exhaust gas detection device sends the detection results to the control panel. The control panel controls the start and stop of the exhaust device according to the detection results. The exhaust device processes the extracted exhaust gas through the exhaust gas purification device. When the exhaust gas concentration reaches a certain value, it automatically extracts and delivers air. The extracted exhaust gas is discharged after passing through the harmless treatment device, which will not cause harm to the environment.

[0024] In summary, the technical solution adopted by the present invention has beneficial effects, and the present invention solves the defects of the current solid organic material tank fermentation, such as low industrialization level, low harmless standardization level, and poor environmental protection.

[0025] ⑴. The degree of killing harmful organisms in organic materials is significantly improved. Through the ventilation of the bottom and all around during the fermentation of organic materials, as well as the ventilation channel of the main material, regular ventilation and exhaust, mechanical turning of materials and other technical measures, the organic materials are fermented evenly without dead corners. The organic materials are not only heated evenly, but also the spores of harmful microorganisms germinate quickly, and harmful mycelium and eggs are effectively killed under the action of high temperature; at the same time, the fermented organic materials enter the drying system, and under the action of high temperature and drying, the harmful organisms in the organic materials are further killed, and the harmlessness of organic materials is significantly improved. This will change the current common problem of low degree of harmlessness of organic material fermentation in my country, a large number of harmful organisms continue to enter the soil, and the increase in the use of chemical pesticides.

[0026] ⑵. Purification and discharge of fermentation waste gas. Through closed fermentation, the waste gas generated during the fermentation process is extracted and purified before being discharged, which greatly reduces the impact of fermentation waste gas on the surrounding atmosphere and people's living environment, thereby changing the current social and ecological problems of poor fermentation environment.

[0027] 2. The present invention aims to solve the defects of current tank fermentation, such as low degree of industrial automation, long fermentation cycle, low site utilization rate and low degree of standardization.

[0028] ⑴. Aiming at the defects of the crawler-type turning method of trough fermentation, in which the turning machine turns the material in one direction, the reserved space of the fermentation tank is large, the utilization rate of the fermentation tank is not high, the uniformity is low, the energy consumption and labor costs are high, etc., the present invention uses the crawler-type turning machine to turn the material in two directions, with less reserved space, which greatly improves the utilization rate of the fermentation tank, and turns the material accurately according to the material temperature, reduces the number of invalid turnings, and reduces the energy consumption of turning. A crusher and an automatic output device are added to the discharge port of the turning machine. Each time the material is turned, large pieces of fermentation material are broken. After the fermentation of the organic material is completed, it is automatically input into the conveyor belt into the drying system, which effectively improves the uniformity of fermentation and reduces the amount of labor.

[0029] (2) In order to solve the problem that the fermentation temperature rises slowly during the low temperature period (atmospheric temperature is below 15°C), which not only leads to a long fermentation cycle but also poor fermentation effect, the present invention adds a low temperature period warming device to the fermentation system. By inputting hot air in the early stage, the material temperature is quickly increased, which can significantly shorten the fermentation cycle and improve the fermentation quality and site utilization.

[0030] ⑶. For organic fermentation materials, due to the fineness, they cannot be used as organic-inorganic compound fertilizers or compound microbial fertilizers for granulation (most of them are natural lignite and liquid fermentation waste as organic raw materials), and most of them are only used for the production of organic fertilizers or bio-organic fertilizer powder fertilizers. However, it is difficult to use powder fertilizers in areas where fertilizers are sown by machine in my country, which restricts the agricultural waste from returning to the soil well. Therefore, the present invention can make harmless high-quality organic raw materials with standardized fineness (fineness is 30-60 meshes) and moisture content through industrial fermentation and processing of agricultural waste, which provides a large amount of high-quality organic raw materials for the granulation production of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, compound microbial fertilizers, organic fertilizers, bio-organic fertilizers and other fertilizers, lays a solid scientific foundation for the industrial production and large-scale promotion and application of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers and compound microbial fertilizers, and promotes the development of ecological and circular agriculture in my country. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is the overall structural block diagram of the closed fermentation processing and preparation system for solid organic materials of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a closed shed built outside the trough-type closed fermentation device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fermentation tank in a tank-type closed fermentation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a proportioning premixing device for organic materials of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the organic material drying and pulverizing preparation device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the proportioning premixing device of organic materials with a pulverizer B of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge port of the fermentation tank in the tank-type closed fermentation device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fermentation tank with a U-shaped ventilation groove of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fermentation tank with a temperature sensor according to the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fermentation tank of the present invention with a material turning machine;

[0041] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fermentation tank connected to a blower according to the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the enclosed shed with an exhaust device according to the present invention.

[0043] In the figure, 1. organic material proportioning premixing device; 2. tank-type closed fermentation device; 3. organic material drying and crushing preparation device; 4. fermentation tank; 5. closed shed; 6. main ventilation channel; 7. air inlet channel A; 8. air inlet channel B; 9. tank wall ventilation channel; 10. premixer; 11. drying cylinder; 12. cooling cylinder; 13. crusher; 14. sieving machine; 15. packaging machine; 16. conveyor belt; 17. crusher A; 18. feeding port; 19. door installation Groove; 20. Sealing plate; 21. Interlayer; 22. Vent A; 23. U-shaped vent groove; 24. Sealing strip; 25. Vent B; 26. Temperature sensor A; 27. Heating / cooling device; 28. Temperature sensor C; 29. ​​Track; 30. Crawler-type tipping machine; 31. Crusher B; 32. Ventilation pipe; 33. Blower; 34. Exhaust device; 35. Exhaust pipe; 36. Exhaust gas purification device; 37. Exhaust gas detection device; 38. Control panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples.

[0045] Example 1: A closed fermentation processing and preparation system for solid organic materials provided by the present invention, referring to Figure 1 As shown, it includes an organic material proportioning premixing device 1, a tank-type closed fermentation device 2, and an organic material drying and crushing preparation device 3. The organic material proportioning premixing device mixes the organic material and then transfers it to the tank-type closed fermentation device through a material conveyor A. After fermentation, it is transferred to the organic material drying and crushing preparation device through a material conveyor B for processing;

[0046] Reference Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the tank-type closed fermentation device includes a fermentation tank 4, a closed shed 5 is built outside the fermentation tank, and a main ventilation channel 6 is penetrated inside the fermentation tank body along the longitudinal center axis of the fermentation tank body. The two sides of the main ventilation channel are respectively connected to the air intake channel A7 and the air intake channel B8, and a tank wall ventilation channel 9 is opened on the side wall of the fermentation tank body, and the tank wall ventilation channels are connected to the air intake channels (A and B) and the main ventilation channel.

[0047] Further, see Figure 4 As shown, the organic material ratio premixing device includes a premixer 10. The organic material is tested for nutrients, water content, and pH value in the laboratory to determine the ratio of different organic materials, and then input into the premixer. In the premixer, the moisture content is controlled at 55-65%, fermentation bacteria are added, the pH is adjusted, and the mixture is fully mixed before being input into the trough-type closed fermentation device through the material conveyor A.

[0048] Further, see Figure 5 As shown, the organic material drying and pulverizing preparation device comprises a drying drum 11, a cooling drum 12, a pulverizer 13, a sieving machine 14, and / or a packaging machine 15 in sequence, and the various devices are connected by a conveyor belt 16. The fermented organic material is conveyed to the material conveyor B by the material turning machine, and the material conveyor B can uniformly convey the materials of multiple fermentation tanks into the drying drum.

[0049] Further, see Figure 6 As shown, the organic material proportioning premixing device also includes a crusher A17, which is used to crush the organic material and then send it to the laboratory for testing nutrients, moisture, and pH value.

[0050] Furthermore, the fermentation tank is a brick-concrete strip structure, one end of which is closed by brick-concrete, and the other end is a feed inlet 18, refer to Figure 7 As shown, a door installation groove 19 is opened on each side of the groove wall of the feed port, and the height is consistent with the groove wall height. A sealing plate 20 is inserted from the installation groove to close the feed port. A 1-1.5 cm wide interlayer 21 is arranged inside the sealing plate, and a vent hole A 22 is opened on the interlayer. The mixed organic material is transported to the feed port by the material conveyor A through the organic material proportioning premixing device and then sent into the fermentation tank.

[0051] Further, see Figure 8 As shown, at least one U-shaped ventilation groove 23 is provided in the inner wall and bottom of the fermentation tank, each of which is 40-60 cm apart, and the main ventilation channel is connected to each U-shaped ventilation groove. A sealing strip 24 is sealed on the notch surface of the U-shaped ventilation groove, and a vent hole B25 is provided on the sealing strip.

[0052] Further, see Fig. 9 As shown, a temperature sensor A 26 is fixed at the upper surface position inside the fermentation tank, and a temperature sensor B is provided at the air inlet channel position at the bottom of the fermentation tank (because it is the same as the temperature sensor A, it is not shown in the figure, and A and B are only used to distinguish the different positions of the respective settings). A heater / cooler 27 is also installed inside the fermentation tank. The temperature sensor A, the temperature sensor B, and the heater / cooler are all transmitted with the control panel 38. The control panel can be set outside the closed shed. The temperature sensor A and the temperature sensor B are used to detect the internal temperature of the fermentation tank and send the temperature parameters to the control panel. The control panel sends a start / stop signal to the heater / cooler according to the result that the temperature is lower than / higher than the preset threshold value;

[0053] Further, see Fig.10As shown, temperature sensors C28 are installed at the upper, middle and lower positions of the inner wall of the fermentation tank, and tracks 29 are installed on the top of the tank walls on both sides of the opening position on the upper surface of the fermentation tank for the operation of a crawler-type material turner 30. The temperature sensor C and the material turner are both connected to the control panel for signal transmission. The temperature sensor C is used to monitor the temperature change of the material during the fermentation process and send the temperature signal to the control panel. The control panel controls the turning time and number of the crawler-type material turner according to the received temperature parameters. Furthermore, the discharge end of the crawler-type material turner is also connected to a crusher B 31, which is used to transport large pieces of organic materials to the crusher B for crushing each time the material is turned, and then return the materials to the fermentation tank. The crawler type material turning machine can adopt a two-way return method. The material turning machine is changed from the original one-way turning to the two-way turning method. To change the previous one-way turning method, a larger empty slot space must be reserved for the fermentation tank, resulting in lower space utilization of the fermentation tank. In the two-way feeding method, less empty slot space is reserved for the fermentation tank (if the fermentation is turned over 4 times, 3m of empty slot space is reserved each time. The one-way turning fermentation tank needs to reserve 12m of empty slot, while the two-way turning only needs to reserve 3m of empty slot. A fermentation tank can increase the fermentation space by 9m, greatly improving the utilization rate of the fermentation tank); after adding a crusher at the back of the material turning machine, the agglomerated organic materials (especially livestock and poultry meal materials) can be broken up after each turning, so that the organic materials can be fermented evenly.

[0054] Furthermore, after the fermentation is completed, the discharge end of the crawler-type material turning machine is connected to the material conveyor B, and the fermented material is conveyed to the material conveyor B via the material turning machine, and then transmitted to the organic material drying and crushing preparation device for processing.

[0055] Further, see Fig.11 As shown, both the air inlet channel A and the air inlet channel B are connected with a vent pipe 32, one end of the vent pipe is connected with a blower 33, and the other end is connected with the main vent groove. The vent pipe can be connected in any form of the prior art, for example, after the air inlet channel and the vent pipe are connected, they are fixed by a flange, or a bayonet is set in the air inlet channel and a buckle is set outside the vent pipe and then engaged.

[0056] Furthermore, the height of the tank wall air passage opened on the side wall of the fermentation tank body is 40-50 cm lower than the top of the tank wall.

[0057] Furthermore, the enclosed shed is an aluminum alloy enclosed shed or a plastic enclosed shed.

[0058] Preferably, the plastic material used in the plastic enclosed shed is 10-12 filament thick polypropylene or polyethylene.

[0059] Further, see Fig.12As shown, an exhaust device 34 is provided outside the enclosed shed, and the exhaust device extends into the enclosed shed through an exhaust pipe 35. The exhaust device is connected to an exhaust gas purification device 36, and an exhaust gas detection device 37 is installed in the channel connected to the exhaust pipe and the exhaust device (in order to be able to see the exhaust gas detection device, this figure actually adopts a cross-sectional view). The exhaust device, the exhaust gas purification device, and the exhaust gas detection device are all transmitted with signals from the control panel. The exhaust gas detection device sends the detection result to the control panel. The control panel controls the start and stop of the exhaust device according to the detection result, and the exhaust device processes the extracted exhaust gas through the exhaust gas purification device.

[0060] In the prior art, tank fermentation and stack fermentation are more commonly used. In the prior art, the fermentation in the tank fermentation method is open, and most of them are not equipped with ventilation devices, or there are only a few ventilation pipes at the bottom of the tank, and the time and number of turning the materials cannot be accurately determined; stack fermentation is basically open fermentation, and the waste gas of the materials and the waste gas generated during fermentation seriously pollute the environment.

[0061] The technical solution of the present invention is adopted to solve the defects of the existing solid organic material tank fermentation technology, such as low industrialization level, low harmless standardization level, poor environmental protection, etc.

[0062] ⑴. The degree of killing harmful organisms in organic materials is significantly improved. Through the ventilation of the bottom and surrounding areas during the fermentation of organic materials, as well as the central vent holes of the materials, regular ventilation and exhaust, mechanical turning of materials and other technical measures, the organic materials are fermented evenly without dead corners. The organic materials are not only heated evenly, but also the spores of harmful microorganisms germinate quickly, and harmful mycelium and eggs are effectively killed under the action of high temperature; at the same time, the fermented organic materials enter the drying system, and under the action of high temperature and drying, the harmful organisms in the organic materials are further killed, and the harmlessness of the organic materials is significantly improved. This will change the current common problem of low degree of harmlessness of organic material fermentation in my country, a large number of harmful organisms continue to enter the soil, and the increase in the use of chemical pesticides.

[0063] ⑵. Purification and discharge of fermentation waste gas. Through closed fermentation, the waste gas generated during the fermentation process is extracted and purified before being discharged, which greatly reduces the impact of fermentation waste gas on the surrounding atmosphere and people's living environment, thereby changing the current social and ecological problems of poor fermentation environment.

[0064] Therefore, the creation of a closed trough-type harmless industrial fermentation of solid organic materials and its standardized processing and preparation system not only provides a large amount of harmless, standardized high-quality organic raw materials for the production of organic-inorganic compound fertilizers, compound microbial fertilizers, organic fertilizers, and bio-organic fertilizers; but also the waste gas generated during the fermentation of organic materials is harmlessly treated and then discharged to meet environmental protection requirements, which will have important production and social benefits for the sustainable development of my country's circular and ecological agriculture.

[0065] The connection between the two machines described in the present invention involves material processing, and the materials can be transferred by conveyor belt or manually. The control panel in the present invention can adopt the commercially available SPM model, all temperature sensors can adopt the commercially available OHR-M22 model, the preferred two-way crawler-type material turning machine can adopt the AVITWQ model, the exhaust device can adopt the commercially available AP-01P model, the exhaust gas purification device can adopt the commercially available HH-222 model, and the exhaust gas detection device can adopt the commercially available CN-LMJHB205-1 model. The signal transmission of these electronic devices adopts the transmission provided by the machine, or can also be obtained by any programming language of the prior art according to the needs in actual production by those skilled in the art according to the purpose to be achieved. This is the prior art, so it will not be elaborated here. The present invention focuses on protecting the structure of the entire closed fermentation processing and preparation system for solid organic materials.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed fermentation processing and preparation system for solid organic materials, characterized in that: The method comprises an organic material proportioning premixing device (1), a tank-type closed fermentation device (2), and an organic material drying and pulverizing preparation device (3), wherein the organic material proportioning premixing device mixes the organic material and then transfers it to the tank-type closed fermentation device via a material conveyor A, and after fermentation, transfers it to the organic material drying and pulverizing preparation device via a material conveyor B for processing; The tank-type closed fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank (4), a closed shed (5) is built outside the fermentation tank, a main ventilation channel (6) is penetrated inside the fermentation tank body along the longitudinal center axis of the fermentation tank body, and both sides of the main ventilation channel are respectively connected to an air intake channel A (7) and an air intake channel B (8), and a tank wall ventilation channel (9) is opened on the side wall of the fermentation tank body, and the tank wall ventilation channels are all connected to the air intake channel A, the air intake channel B, and the main ventilation channel; The organic material proportioning premixing device comprises a premixer (10), wherein the organic material is tested for nutrients, water content and pH value in a laboratory, thereby determining the proportion of different organic materials, and then input into the premixer, wherein the water content is controlled at 55-65%, fermentation bacteria are added, the pH is adjusted, and the mixture is fully mixed before being input into a tank-type closed fermentation device via a material conveyor A; The organic material drying and pulverizing preparation device comprises a drying cylinder (11), a cooling cylinder (12), a pulverizer (13), a sieving machine (14), and / or a packaging machine (15) in sequence, and each device is connected by a conveyor belt (16); The organic material premixing device also includes a crusher A (17) for crushing the organic material and then sending it to the laboratory for testing of nutrients, moisture and pH value; The fermentation tank is a brick-concrete strip structure, one end of which is closed by brick-concrete, and the other end is a feed port (18). A door installation slot (19) is provided on the tank wall on both sides of the feed port, and the height is consistent with the height of the tank wall. A sealing plate (20) is inserted from the installation slot to close the feed port. A 1-1.5 cm wide interlayer (21) is provided inside the sealing plate, and a vent hole A (22) is provided on the interlayer. The mixed organic material is transported to the feed port by a material conveyor A through an organic material proportioning premixing device, and then sent into the fermentation tank. At least one U-shaped ventilation groove (23) is provided on the inner wall and bottom of the fermentation tank, each of the U-shaped ventilation grooves is spaced 40-60 cm apart, and the main ventilation channel is connected to each of the U-shaped ventilation grooves; A temperature sensor A (26) is fixed at the upper surface of the fermentation tank, a temperature sensor B is provided at the air inlet channel at the bottom of the fermentation tank, and a heater / cooler (27) is also installed inside the fermentation tank; A sealing strip (24) is sealed on the surface of the U-shaped ventilation groove, and a ventilation hole B (25) is opened on the sealing strip; Temperature sensors C (28) are installed at the upper, middle and lower positions of the inner wall of the fermentation tank. Tracks (29) are installed at the top of the tank walls on both sides of the opening position on the upper surface of the fermentation tank for the operation of a crawler-type material turning machine (30). The temperature sensors C are used to monitor the temperature changes of the materials during the fermentation process, and the material turning machine is used to turn the materials. The discharge end of the crawler-type material turning machine is also connected to a crusher B (31) for conveying large pieces of organic materials to the crusher B for crushing each time the material is turned, and then returning the materials to the fermentation tank; After the fermentation is finished, the discharge end of the crawler-type material turning machine is connected to the material conveyor B, and the fermented material is conveyed to the material conveyor B via the material turning machine, and then transferred to the organic material drying and crushing preparation device for processing; The air inlet channel A and the air inlet channel B are both connected to a ventilation pipe (32), one end of the ventilation pipe is connected to a blower (33), and the other end is connected to the main ventilation groove; The height of the tank wall air passage opened on the side wall of the fermentation tank body is 40-50 cm lower than the top of the tank wall; The enclosed shed is an aluminum alloy enclosed shed or a plastic enclosed shed; The plastic material used is 10-12 filaments thick polypropylene or polyethylene; An exhaust device (34) is provided outside the enclosed shed, the exhaust device extends into the enclosed shed through an exhaust pipe (35), the exhaust device is connected to an exhaust gas purification device (36), and an exhaust gas detection device (37) is installed in a passage connecting the exhaust pipe and the exhaust device; The system also includes a control panel (38), and the temperature sensor A, the temperature sensor B, and the heater / cooler are all connected to the control panel for signal transmission. The temperature sensor A and the temperature sensor B are used to detect the internal temperature of the fermentation tank and send the temperature parameters to the control panel. The control panel sends a start / stop signal to the heater / cooler according to the result that the temperature is lower than / higher than a preset threshold value. The temperature sensor C and the material turning machine are both connected to the control panel for signal transmission. The temperature sensor C is used to monitor the temperature change of the material during the fermentation process and send the temperature signal to the control panel. The control panel is used to control the turning time and number of the crawler-type material turning machine according to the received temperature parameters. The exhaust device, the exhaust gas purification device, and the exhaust gas detection device all transmit signals to the control panel. The exhaust gas detection device sends the detection result to the control panel. The control panel controls the start and stop of the exhaust device according to the detection result. The exhaust device processes the extracted exhaust gas through the exhaust gas purification device.

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