Gasifier rotary coal distribution device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rotary coal distribution device for a gasifier, comprising a coal distribution box, a main drive mounted on its top, a coal collecting pipe mounted on its top plate, a coal distribution drum mounted on the outer surface of the coal collecting pipe, and a transmission gear connected to the main drive via a transmission gear; a water seal pool is provided at the bottom of the coal distribution box, a coal drop pipe is provided at the bottom of the coal distribution box, and the bottom end of the coal distribution drum extends into the water seal pool; a coal chute assembly is provided below the coal drop pipe, and the coal chute assembly is mounted on the coal distribution drum via a pair of crank arms, a tilting trunnion is provided at the top of the crank arm, a tilting gear is provided at the end of the tilting trunnion, and a pair of drivers are connected to the tilting trunnion in a driving manner. The present invention can achieve uniform distribution of coal seams and can adopt various coal distribution methods such as concentric circle distribution, spiral distribution, fan distribution, and fixed point distribution; it can greatly reduce the phenomenon of gasifier bias, reduce the energy consumption of the gasifier, and reduce labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a rotary coal distribution device for a gasifier. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, coal is distributed in a coal gasifier using a coal lock. Chinese Patent No. 201810091390.6 discloses a coal lock. In the prior art, coal is fed by gravity through a coal lock supply chute connected to the two outlets of the coal bunker during the locking period, entering the coal lock at the lower part of the chute, and then falling from the coal lock to a fixed coal distributor, and finally falling into the furnace. The coal lock in the prior art is divided into upper and lower valves. The upper valve is a spherical seal, which is prone to leakage, has a short operating cycle, and is prone to shutdown accidents. Moreover, the coal lock is the key to controlling the operation of the gasifier, and often the gasifier is chain-stopped due to errors made by the coal lock operator. During use, the fixed coal distributor will cause uneven coal distribution in the furnace due to uneven coal blocks, and the fixed coal distributor cannot adjust the coal drop surface during operation of the equipment, resulting in uneven gasification in the gasifier, poor gasification conditions, incomplete gasification, increased carbon content in ash, and waste of energy. Moreover, the fixed coal distributor is easily worn and falls off due to being washed by falling coal for a long time, which leads to shutdown and maintenance, and increases the labor intensity of workers. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new rotary coal distributor for gasifier to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a rotary coal distribution device for a gasifier. The device comprises a coal distribution box, a main drive mounted on its top, a coal collecting pipe mounted on its roof, a coal distribution drum encased in the coal collecting pipe, a water seal pool located at the bottom of the box, and a sliding water seal formed between the coal distribution drum and the coal drop pipe. A coal chute assembly is mounted to the coal distribution drum via a pair of crank arms. The present invention enables various coal distribution methods, including concentric circle distribution, spiral distribution, fan-shaped distribution, and fixed-point distribution. This makes the distribution method adjustable, reduces energy consumption and labor intensity in the gasifier.

[0004] The objective of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a rotary coal distribution device for a gasifier, comprising a coal distribution box, a main drive installed on the top of the coal distribution box, a coal collecting pipe installed on the top plate of the coal distribution box, the lower part of the coal collecting pipe extending into the coal distribution box, a coal distribution drum mounted on the outer side of the coal collecting pipe, and the coal distribution drum being connected to the main drive through a transmission gear; a water seal pool is provided at the lower part of the coal distribution box, a coal dropping throat is provided at the bottom of the coal distribution box, the top end of the coal dropping throat extends upward through the water seal pool and into the interior of the coal distribution drum, and the bottom end of the coal distribution drum extends into the water seal pool, thereby connecting to form a sliding water seal; a coal chute assembly is provided below the coal dropping throat, and the coal chute assembly is installed on the coal distribution drum through a pair of crank arms, a tilting ear shaft is provided on the upper part of the crank arm, a tilting gear is provided at the end of the tilting ear shaft, and an auxiliary drive is drivingly connected to the tilting gear.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0006] 1. The coal distribution drum in the present invention drives the coal chute assembly to rotate and distribute coal, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the coal layer in the gasifier.

[0007] 2. The main driver and the auxiliary driver in the present invention work together to realize various coal distribution methods such as concentric circle coal distribution, spiral line coal distribution, fan-shaped coal distribution and fixed-point coal distribution.

[0008] 3. The bottom plate of the coal chute trough body of the present invention is provided with a hard alloy roller, which greatly improves the wear resistance, impact resistance and service life of the coal chute assembly.

[0009] 4. During the operation of the present invention, the coal distribution form can be adjusted, which greatly reduces the bias phenomenon of the gasifier, reduces the energy consumption of the gasifier, improves the operating conditions of workers, and reduces labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0011] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary coal distribution device of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first driving structure of the coal chute assembly of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second driving structure of the coal chute assembly of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the roller arrangement structure of the coal chute assembly of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of a horizontally placed coal crushing sill of a coal chute assembly of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Example 1:

[0017] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The rotary coal distribution device of the gasifier of the present invention has a coal distribution box 1, a main drive 4 is installed on the top of the coal distribution box, a coal collecting pipe 2 is installed on the top plate of the coal distribution box, the lower part of the coal collecting pipe extends into the coal distribution box, and a coal distribution drum 9 is set on the outside of the coal collecting pipe, and the coal distribution drum is connected to the main drive through a transmission gear; a water seal pool 5 is provided at the lower part of the coal distribution box, and a coal dropping throat 7 is provided at the bottom of the coal distribution box. The top of the coal dropping throat extends upward through the water seal pool and extends into the interior of the coal distribution drum, and the bottom end of the coal distribution drum extends into the water seal pool, thereby connecting to form a sliding water seal; a coal chute assembly 8 is provided below the coal dropping throat, and the coal chute assembly is installed on the coal distribution drum through a pair of crank arms 803, a tilting ear shaft is provided on the upper part of the crank arm, a tilting gear is provided at the end of the tilting ear shaft, and an auxiliary drive is drivingly connected to the tilting gear.

[0018] In this embodiment, the coal distribution box is a rectangular box (or cylindrical box) made of steel plate, comprising a top plate 101, a bottom plate 103, and side plates 102. The coal distribution box is mounted to the top of the gasifier via the bottom plate. To facilitate maintenance and installation, manholes and ventilation holes can be provided on the side plates. A water seal pool at the bottom of the coal distribution box is equipped with a water inlet, outlet, water level controller, and water temperature controller. The water seal pool preferably uses circulating water, which is connected to the cooling water tank via inlet and outlet pipes. The water seal pool has two functions and advantages: first, it prevents high-temperature hot air from the gasifier from directly entering the coal distribution box through the coal drop pipe; second, it prevents high temperatures from the gasifier from being transferred into the coal distribution box through the bottom plate, causing overheating within the coal distribution box and affecting the normal operation of the driver and transmission system. The water inlet, outlet, water level controller, and water temperature controller on the water seal pool are prior art and are not shown in the figure and will not be described in detail.

[0019] In this embodiment, the main drive, mounted on the top of the coal distribution box (i.e., box roof 101), includes a drive motor, a reducer, and a controller. The output shaft of the reducer extends into the coal distribution box. A driving pinion 401 is mounted on this output shaft, meshing with a transmission gear 901 on the coal distribution drum to control forward rotation, reverse rotation, and stopping (including locking) the drum. The drive motor, reducer, and controller are conventional and will not be described in detail.

[0020] In this embodiment, a coal collecting pipe 2 is mounted on the top plate 101 of the coal distribution box. The lower portion of the coal collecting pipe extends into the coal distribution box. The coal collecting pipe is fixed to the box top plate. The upper end of the coal collecting pipe is connected to the coal supply mechanism (this connection structure is prior art and is not shown in the figure). The lower end of the coal collecting pipe is aligned with the coal drop throat on a vertical centerline. Both the coal collecting pipe and the coal drop throat are steel circular tubes. The coal collecting pipe is sheathed with a coal distribution drum 9, which can rotate relative to the coal collecting pipe. A mechanical seal is provided between the coal distribution drum and the coal collection pipe. A large-diameter transmission gear 901 is fixedly mounted on the coal distribution drum. The coal distribution drum is mounted on the side plate of the coal distribution box via bearings and horizontal brackets 3 (the bearing structure and mounting method used for the coal distribution drum are both prior art). The main driver controls the forward rotation, reverse rotation, and stop (including locking) of the coal distribution drum. The upper part of the coal distribution drum is sleeved on the outside of the coal collecting pipe, and the bottom end of the coal distribution drum extends into the water seal pool, that is, the bottom port of the coal distribution drum extends below the horizontal plane of the water seal pool.

[0021] In this embodiment, a coal drop pipe 7 is installed at the bottom of the coal distribution box. This pipe is a steel circular tube. The pipe, coal collecting pipe, and coal distribution drum are mounted on the same vertical centerline. The top of the pipe extends into the coal distribution drum, and its top is above the level of the water seal pool. The bottom of the pipe is fixed to the bottom plate 103 of the coal distribution box. The rotatable coal distribution drum and the stationary pipe are connected vertically to form a sliding water seal.

[0022] In this embodiment, a coal chute assembly 8 is located below the coal drop pipe. The chute assembly includes a chute body, a crank arm, and a coal crushing mechanism. The chute body is shaped like a chute and consists of a base plate and two side plates (sidewalls). A pair of crank arms 803 are fixed to the upper portion of the chute body, and multiple coal crushing mechanisms are installed on the base plate. The lower ends of the crank arms are fixed to the chute body, and the upper ends of the crank arms are provided with tilting trunnions 804. The coal distribution drum has a pair of corresponding axial holes, into which the tilting trunnions are mounted. A tilting gear 805 is fixedly mounted at the end of one of the tilting trunnions. The tilting trunnions extend from the inner wall of the coal distribution drum to the outer wall of the coal distribution drum, and a tilting gear is fixed at its end. The tilting gear can be a large-diameter sector gear or a disc gear. A secondary driver 6 is drivingly connected to the tilting gear 805 on the tilting trunnion. In this embodiment of the present invention, the secondary driver is used to adjust and maintain the tilt angle of the coal chute body, thereby achieving different coal distribution methods.

[0023] In this embodiment, the installation position of the auxiliary driver can adopt various forms. In this embodiment, two forms are preferred. Figure 2 (Attached Figure 2 yes Figure 1AA cross-sectional view), the first preferred form, the auxiliary driver 6 is installed on the coal distribution drum (on the outer wall of the coal distribution drum), and the auxiliary driver moves with the coal distribution drum. The auxiliary driver includes a controller, a motor, a reducer, an output shaft, and a driving gear 601. The driving gear 601 is meshed with the tilting gear 805 for transmission. The control signal transmission and power transmission of the auxiliary driver can be powered by the sliding line method in the prior art (not described in detail here). The controller, motor, and reducer belong to the scope of the prior art and are not described in detail. The auxiliary driver drives the coal chute trough body to change its inclination angle with the tilting ear axis as the axis and can be locked at a certain working angle, thereby changing the falling radius and landing point of the coal material. See the attached Figure 3 (Attached Figure 3 yes Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view), the second preferred form, the auxiliary drive is installed on the box side panel 102 of the coal distribution box, and the auxiliary drive 602 includes a controller, a motor, a reducer, an output shaft, and a driving gear 603; the driving gear 603 is installed on a moving mechanism to realize the separation and engagement of the driving gear 603 and the tilting gear 805. When it is necessary to change the inclination angle of the coal chute trough body, the coal distribution drum stops rotating, and the driving gear 603 moves to the meshing position of the tilting gear 805 (moves to the right in the figure) to realize the meshing of the two gears, and then drives the coal chute trough body to change the inclination angle. When the coal distribution drum rotates, the driving gear 603 moves in the reset direction (moves to the right in the figure), and the driving gear 603 and the tilting gear 805 exit the meshing; the coal chute trough body is locked at a certain working angle by its own locking mechanism. The moving mechanism in this embodiment can adopt the gear group moving structure in the manual transmission of an automobile, which belongs to the prior art and is not described in detail. The above two driving modes both drive the coal chute to change its tilt angle with the tilting trunnion as the axis, thereby changing the falling radius and landing point of the coal. In this embodiment, the moving mechanism and locking mechanism belong to the existing technology and are not described in detail.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present invention, the main driver drives the coal distribution drum to rotate, and the coal chute body rotates with the coal distribution drum, so that concentric circle coal distribution can be achieved. The angle of inclination of the coal chute body is different, and the coal distribution radius of the concentric circle coal distribution is different. When the coal distribution drum rotates, the auxiliary driver drives the coal chute body to tilt (tilt) to achieve spiral coal distribution. The main driver and the auxiliary driver perform different operations at the same time, so that various coal distribution methods such as concentric circle coal distribution, spiral coal distribution, fan-shaped coal distribution and fixed-point coal distribution can be achieved, so as to achieve uniform spreading of the coal seam and adjust the coal distribution form, greatly reduce the deviation of the gasifier, reduce the energy consumption of the gasifier, improve the operating conditions of workers, and reduce labor intensity. The technical content disclosed in the embodiment is not limited to this embodiment, but should also belong to the technical content of the present invention.

[0025] Example 2:

[0026] This embodiment is an improvement based on the first embodiment. For the parts of this embodiment that are the same as those in the first embodiment, please refer to the contents disclosed in the first embodiment for understanding and will not be repeated here; the contents disclosed in the first embodiment should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in this embodiment.

[0027] See attached Figure 4 In this embodiment, the coal hopper assembly includes a coal hopper trough body, which is composed of a bottom plate 802 and two side plates 801. Multiple rows of horizontally placed carbide rollers 806 are provided on the bottom plate, and multiple supporting baffles are provided between two adjacent rows of carbide rollers.

[0028] The coal chute assembly consists of a chute body, crank arms, and a coal crushing mechanism. The chute body is shaped like a chute. A pair of crank arms 803 are fixed to the upper portion of the chute body. The lower ends of these crank arms are fixed to the chute body, while the upper ends of the crank arms are fixed to the tilting trunnions. Multiple coal crushing mechanisms are mounted on the bottom plate. These mechanisms can be rows of horizontally arranged carbide rollers. The carbide rollers are preferably made of conventional carbide materials such as YG8, YG15, and YG20. These rollers further crush any coal lumps that fall during the loading process.

[0029] The carbide rollers consist of a cylindrical roller body, a bracket, and bearings. The rollers are mounted close to the baseplate and secured to the side plates at both ends by brackets. The rollers can rotate flexibly relative to the baseplate of the coal chute. Support baffles divide and channel coal lumps that fall into the chute, preventing them from accumulating in the chute or becoming stuck between the two cylindrical rollers. Ten support baffles are positioned between adjacent rows of rollers. The gaps between the carbide rollers retain coal lumps, preventing them from impacting and rubbing against each other during coal loading and preventing direct impact on the rollers. If the cylindrical rollers exhibit some wear, the mounting angle between the rollers and the baseplate can be adjusted to ensure even wear and extend their lifespan. To prevent wear on the side plates of the coal chute, vertical carbide rollers 807 are mounted on the side plates, perpendicular to the baseplate. These rollers can rotate flexibly relative to the side plates of the coal chute.

[0030] In this embodiment, the upper portion of the coal chute body serves as a coal drop zone, while the lower portion serves as a coal chute. Double-layered carbide rollers are installed in the drop zone. The purpose of these rollers is to enhance the impact resistance of the coal chute body and extend its service life. The technical content disclosed in this embodiment is not limited to this embodiment but also constitutes the technical content of the present invention.

[0031] Example 3:

[0032] This embodiment is an improvement based on the first and second embodiments. For the parts of this embodiment that are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, please refer to the contents disclosed in the aforementioned embodiments for understanding and will not be repeated here; the contents disclosed in the aforementioned embodiments should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in this embodiment.

[0033] See attached Figure 5 In this embodiment, the coal chute assembly includes a chute body, which consists of a bottom plate and two side plates. The bottom plate is equipped with multiple rows of horizontally placed coal crushing sills 808, each shaped like a triangular prism. The cross-section of the crushing sills is an isosceles triangle (an isosceles right triangle), with its right angles perpendicular to the bottom plate. The spacing between adjacent rows of crushing sills is 30-50 mm, and the height of the crushing sills is 30-50 mm. Multiple support baffles are provided between adjacent rows of crushing sills. Coal lumps can be retained between adjacent rows of crushing sills, and they can also prevent impact and friction between coal lumps during coal charging, providing both impact resistance and wear resistance. The crushing sills in this embodiment are a type of coal crushing mechanism, further crushing any coal lumps that fall during coal charging. The technical content disclosed in this embodiment is not limited to this embodiment but also encompasses the technical content of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary coal distribution device for a gasifier, comprising a coal distribution box (1), characterized in that: A main driver (4) is installed on the top of the coal distribution box, a coal collecting pipe (2) is installed on the top plate of the coal distribution box, the lower part of the coal collecting pipe extends into the coal distribution box, a coal distribution drum (9) is mounted on the outer side of the coal collecting pipe, and the coal distribution drum is connected to the main driver through a transmission gear; a water seal pool (5) is provided at the lower part of the coal distribution box, a coal dropping pipe (7) is provided at the bottom of the coal distribution box, the top end of the coal dropping pipe extends upward through the water seal pool and extends into the interior of the coal distribution drum, and the bottom end of the coal distribution drum extends into the water seal pool, thereby forming a sliding water seal; a coal chute assembly (8) is provided below the coal dropping pipe, and the coal chute assembly is installed on the coal distribution drum through a pair of crank arms, a tilting ear shaft is provided on the upper part of the crank arm, a tilting gear is provided at the end of the tilting ear shaft, and an auxiliary driver is connected to the tilting gear; The auxiliary driver is installed on the coal distribution drum, or the auxiliary driver is installed on the side panel of the coal distribution box; The coal chute assembly includes a coal chute trough body, which is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates. The bottom plate is provided with multiple rows of horizontally arranged carbide rollers, and multiple supporting baffles are provided between two adjacent rows of carbide rollers. The upper part of the coal chute is a coal dropping area, and the lower part is a coal sliding area. A double-layer carbide roller is arranged in the coal dropping area. The cemented carbide roller is made of YG8, YG15 or YG20 cemented carbide material.

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