A slag removal device for a pyrolysis gasification furnace for domestic waste treatment

Abstract

The present invention belongs to domestic waste pyrolysis treatment equipment, and provides a slag removal device for a domestic waste treatment pyrolysis gasifier, which comprises a grate system. The grate system includes a first grate, and the first grate includes a body part, a mounting part and a supporting part. The supporting part is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. The slag removal device further includes: a first ash pan, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and a slag leakage hole adapted to the mounting part is opened at the bottom thereof; a second ash pan, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, is located outside the first ash pan, and a second slag outlet is opened at the bottom thereof; and a scraping ash plate, which is fixedly connected with the mounting part. A plurality of spiral slag dischargers are arranged circumferentially along the outside of the mounting part, a plurality of first slag outlets are opened on the mounting part, an ash discharging groove is formed between the first ash pan and the mounting part, and the slag dischargers are located in the ash discharging groove. The present invention has the advantages of stable pyrolysis gasification, high gasification efficiency, sufficient combustion of materials, controllable slag discharge of the furnace and low investment cost, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of domestic waste pyrolysis treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a slag removal device for a pyrolysis gasification furnace for domestic waste treatment. Background Art

[0002] The management of domestic waste faces extremely severe challenges. Especially in rural areas of China, there is a lack of technologies and equipment for effectively treating waste with relatively low investment costs and operating costs, making it difficult to handle waste and resulting in a lagging treatment method. The traditional mode of managing domestic waste is no longer applicable to the needs of modern development, and it should be transformed into a waste management mode of circular utilization of resources and sustainable development.

[0003] Therefore, small-scale pyrolysis gasification furnaces for treating solid waste in China have developed rapidly. However, for existing pyrolysis gasification furnaces, their slag removal devices have the following problems:

[0004] 1. Existing slag removal devices are all designed with single-layer grates, and mainly refer to the grates of coal pyrolysis gasification furnaces. The composition of coal is single, while the composition of waste is complex, resulting in uneven distribution of gasifying agents, low gasification efficiency in the gasification layer, and poor combustion effect in the combustion section.

[0005] 2. Existing slag removal devices have uncontrollable slag discharge, which is not conducive to improving the combustion effect of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, the stable operation of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and reducing the investment cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a slag removal device for a pyrolysis gasification furnace for domestic waste treatment to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a slag removal device for a pyrolysis gasification furnace for domestic waste treatment, which is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body of the pyrolysis gasification furnace. It includes a grate system, a gasifying agent intake system, and a grate drive system. The grate system includes a first grate. The first grate includes a body part in a pagoda shape, a cylindrical installation part fixedly connected to the lower edge of the body part, and a support part fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the body part. The support part is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. The gasifying agent intake system includes a first gas chamber arranged at the bottom of the first grate, and further includes:

[0008] A first ash pan, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and a slag leakage hole adapted to the installation part is opened at the bottom thereof;

[0009] A second ash pan, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, is located outside the first ash pan, and a second slag discharge port is opened at the bottom thereof; and

[0010] A slag scraping plate, which is fixedly connected to the installation part and is used for scraping the slag on the second ash pan into the second slag outlet during the rotation with the installation part;

[0011] A plurality of spiral slag dischargers are arranged circumferentially on the outer side of the installation part. A plurality of first slag outlets corresponding to the slag dischargers are opened on the installation part. An ash discharge groove is formed between the first ash pan and the installation part. The slag dischargers are located in the ash discharge groove.

[0012] Further, the grate drive system includes:

[0013] A driven gear, which is sleeved on the installation part, is located below the bottom of the first ash pan and above the bottom of the second ash pan, and the slag scraping plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom thereof;

[0014] A driving gear, which passes through the second ash pan and meshes with the driven gear;

[0015] A box body, which is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second ash pan and is used for installing the driving gear; and

[0016] An electric motor, which is fixedly arranged outside the box body and is used for driving the driving gear to rotate.

[0017] Further, the first slag outlet is close to the inner side of the slag discharger.

[0018] Further, the grate system further includes a second grate fixedly arranged on the top of the first grate. The gasifying agent intake system further includes an air supply pipe sequentially passing through the first gas chamber and the first grate from bottom to top, and a second gas chamber arranged at the bottom of the air supply pipe. The air supply pipe is hermetically connected to the first gas chamber, and the top of the air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the second grate.

[0019] Further, a plurality of slag rakes are further arranged circumferentially on the outer side of the installation part. The slag rakes are located in the ash discharge groove, and the slag rakes are arranged between adjacent slag dischargers.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] 1. The grate is designed as a double-layer grate, and an air supply system for hierarchical treatment of gasification and residual carbon combustion is independently arranged for the two layers of grates respectively. By reasonably distributing primary air and steam, through the second gas chamber, the air supply pipe and the second layer of grate, the steam is sent to the gasification layer of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, which can effectively increase the H2 / CO of the gas, improve the gas production efficiency of the furnace, and the steam can also play a role in preventing the bed temperature from exceeding the limit, reducing slagging and protecting the tuyeres.

[0022] 2. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the grate, the uniform agitation of the heat energy conversion process of the garbage in the furnace and the independent control of the slag discharge frequency are realized, which is beneficial to improving the combustion effect of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, the stable operation of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and reducing the investment cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0024] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a slag removal device for a domestic waste treatment pyrolysis gasification furnace provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a sectional view taken along line A-A of;

[0026] Figure 3 FIG. is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the slag removal device from one perspective;

[0027] Figure 4 FIG. is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the slag removal device from another perspective.

[0028] Reference Numerals:

[0029] 10 - furnace body, 11 - furnace chamber, 31 - first grate, 311 - grate body, 312 - support part, 313 - installation part, 314 - slag discharger, 315 - slag pusher, 32 - first air chamber, 33 - second grate, 34 - air supply pipe, 35 - second air chamber, 36 - second ash pan, 361 - second slag discharge port, 362 - slag discharge pipe, 37 - first ash pan, 371 - ash chute, 372 - ash leakage hole, 38 - ash scraping plate, 39 - grate drive system, 391 - driven gear, 392 - driving gear, 393 - box body, 394 - motor, 40 - ash storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, so they are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0033] In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0034] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0036] As Figures 1-4 shown, the present embodiment provides a slag removal device for a domestic waste treatment pyrolysis gasification furnace, which is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body 10 of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and includes a grate system, a gasifying agent intake system, a grate drive system 39, a first ash pan 37, a second ash pan 36, and a scraping plate 38.

[0037] The pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a furnace body 10, and the inside of the furnace body 10 is a furnace chamber 11.

[0038] The grate system includes a first grate 31. The first grate 31 includes a body part 311 in a pagoda shape, a cylindrical installation part 313 fixedly connected to the lower edge of the body part 311, and a support part 312 fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the body part 311. A channel for the gasifying agent to flow through is provided inside the support part 312. The support part 312 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 10 and is driven by a grate drive system 39 arranged at the lower part of the furnace body 10, so that the entire first grate 31 rotates at the lower part of the furnace body 10.

[0039] The gasifying agent intake system includes a first gas chamber 32 arranged at the bottom of the first grate 31, and the first gas chamber 32 is communicated with the inside of the first grate 31.

[0040] The first ash pan 37 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 10. Specifically, the outer wall of the first ash pan 37 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second ash pan 36 through a reinforcing rib plate. A slag leakage hole adapted to the installation part 313 is opened at the bottom of the first ash pan 37, that is, the diameter of the slag leakage hole is equal to or approximately equal to the diameter of the installation part 313. Thus, an ash discharge trough 371 is formed between the first ash pan 37 and the installation part 313. A plurality of spiral slag dischargers 314 are fixedly arranged circumferentially on the outer side of the installation part 313. At the same time, a plurality of first slag discharge ports corresponding to the slag dischargers 314 are opened on the installation part 313, and the slag dischargers 314 are located in the ash discharge trough 371.

[0041] The second ash pan 36 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 10. Specifically, the upper part of the second ash pan 36 is connected to the outer wall of the furnace body 10. The second ash pan 36 is located outside the first ash pan 37, and a second slag discharge port 361 is opened at its bottom. The number of the second slag discharge ports 361 is at least one. A slag discharge pipe 362 is installed at the second slag discharge port 361, and a ash storage box 40 is placed directly below the slag discharge pipe 362. A first bearing for bearing radial loads and a second bearing for bearing axial loads are arranged in the middle of the second ash pan 36 to reduce the loss for the rotation of the grate system.

[0042] The ash discharge trough 371, the first slag discharge port, the slag leakage hole and the second slag discharge port 361 are in a communicating state.

[0043] The ash scraping plate 38 is fixedly connected to the installation part 313 and scrapes the ash slag on the second ash pan 36 into the second slag discharge port 361 during the rotation together with the installation part 313.

[0044] In this embodiment, the slag discharger 314 rotates forward together with the first grate 31 (i.e., Figure 2When rotating counterclockwise (in the counterclockwise direction in the figure), the slag discharging function is exerted. Specifically, the slag discharger 314 squeezes the ash slag towards the first slag discharge port. Subsequently, the ash slag falls into the second ash tray 36 through the above-mentioned ash leakage hole 372, and is scraped by the ash scraping plate 38 into the second slag discharge port 361, and finally falls into the ash storage box 40. When the slag discharger 314 rotates in the reverse direction (i.e., Figure 2 in the clockwise direction in the figure), since the slag discharger 314 has a spiral structure and has a small extrusion force on the material, the slag discharger 314, the first grate 31 and the second grate 33 stir the material and ash slag together. During this process, only a small amount of ash slag is discharged from the first slag discharge port. Moreover, when the reverse rotation runs stably, the speed of the ash slag in the first ash tray 37 is consistent with the speed of the first grate 31, and the ash slag basically will not be discharged from the first slag discharge port. Only during the starting stage of the reverse rotation, due to the inconsistent speed between the ash slag and the first grate 31, a small amount of slag will be discharged.

[0045] In this embodiment, by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the grate, the uniform agitation of the garbage heat energy conversion process in the furnace and the independent control of the slag discharge frequency are realized, which is beneficial to improving the combustion effect of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, beneficial to the stable operation of the pyrolysis gasification furnace, and beneficial to reducing the investment cost.

[0046] In one embodiment, the grate drive system 39 includes a driven gear 391, a driving gear 392, a box body 393 and a motor 394. The driven gear 391 is sleeved on the support portion 312, and is located below the bottom of the first ash tray 37 and above the bottom of the second ash tray 36. The scraping plate 38 is fixedly arranged at its bottom. A channel through which the ash slag can pass is opened on the driven gear 391. The driven gear 391 meshes with the driving gear 392 passing through the second ash tray 36. The driving gear 392 is rotatably installed in the box body 393. The box body 393 is installed on the outer wall of the second ash tray 36 and is hermetically connected to the second ash tray 36. The motor 394 is fixed outside the box body 393 and is used to drive the driving gear 392 to rotate, so as to drive the first grate 31 to rotate. The scraping plate 38 is fixed at the bottom of the driven gear 391, and the scraping plate 38 extends along the radial direction of the driven gear 391. Installing the scraping plate 38 on the driven gear 391 is more convenient for disassembly and assembly and more reasonable in design than installing the scraping plate 38 on the above-mentioned support portion 312.

[0047] In one embodiment, the first slag discharge port is close to the inner side of the slag discharger 314. In this way, when the slag discharger 314 rotates forward together with the first grate 31, the ash slag is more likely to be discharged from the first slag discharge port.

[0048] In one embodiment, the grate system further includes a second grate 33 fixedly disposed on the top of the first grate 31, and the top of the second grate 33 extends upward to the middle of the furnace chamber 11. The gasifying agent intake system further includes an air delivery pipe 34 sequentially passing through the first air chamber 32 and the first grate 31 from bottom to top, and a second air chamber 35 disposed at the bottom of the air delivery pipe 34. The air delivery pipe 34 is hermetically connected to the first air chamber 32, and the top of the air delivery pipe 34 is fixedly connected to the second grate 33. The first air chamber 32 supplies the gasifying agent into the first grate 31, and the second air chamber 35 mainly adds water vapor to the middle of the furnace chamber 11 through the second grate 33, thereby significantly increasing the H2 / CO of the fuel gas and improving the gas production efficiency of the furnace. The water vapor can also prevent the bed temperature from exceeding the limit, reduce slagging and protect the tuyere.

[0049] In one embodiment, a plurality of slag rakes 315 are further circumferentially disposed on the outer side of the mounting portion 313. The slag rakes 315 are located in the ash chute 371 and are disposed between adjacent slag dischargers 314. The slag rakes 315 and the slag dischargers 314 are staggered, preferably the slag rakes 315 and the slag dischargers 314 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, and one slag rake 315 is installed between two adjacent slag dischargers 314. During the reverse rotation stage, the slag rakes 315 can enhance the stirring effect on the materials and ash slag.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, a large number of specific details are set forth. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and technologies are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered by the scope of the claims and the description of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag removal device for a domestic waste treatment pyrolysis gasification furnace, which is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body of the pyrolysis gasification furnace. It includes a grate system, a gasifying agent inlet system and a grate drive system. The grate system includes a first grate. The first grate includes a body part in a pagoda shape, a cylindrical installation part fixedly connected to the lower edge of the body part, and a support part fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the body part. The support part is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. The gasifying agent inlet system includes a first gas chamber arranged at the bottom of the first grate, and is characterized in that: It further includes: A first ash pan, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and a slag leakage hole adapted to the installation part is opened at the bottom thereof; A second ash pan, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, is located outside the first ash pan, and a second slag discharge port is opened at the bottom thereof; And A slag scraping plate, which is fixedly connected to the installation part and is used for scraping the ash slag on the second ash pan into the second slag discharge port during the rotation with the installation part; A plurality of spiral slag dischargers are circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the installation part, a plurality of first slag discharge ports corresponding to the slag dischargers are opened on the installation part, an ash discharge groove is formed between the first ash pan and the installation part, and the slag dischargers are located in the ash discharge groove; The grate system further includes a second grate fixedly arranged on the top of the first grate, and the gasifying agent intake system further includes an air supply pipe sequentially passing through the first air chamber and the first grate from bottom to top, and a second air chamber arranged at the bottom of the air supply pipe. The air supply pipe is hermetically connected to the first air chamber, the top of the air supply pipe is fixedly connected to the second grate, the first air chamber supplies the gasifying agent into the first grate, and the second air chamber adds water vapor to the middle of the furnace chamber through the second grate; The grate drive system includes: A driven gear, which is sleeved on the support part, is located below the bottom of the first ash pan and above the bottom of the second ash pan, a slag scraping plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom thereof, and a channel allowing ash slag to pass through is opened thereon; A driving gear, which passes through the second ash pan and meshes with the driven gear; A box body, which is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the second ash pan and is used for installing the driving gear; and A motor, which is fixedly arranged outside the box body and is used for driving the driving gear to rotate, so as to drive the first grate to rotate; The slag scraping plate is fixed at the bottom of the driven gear, and the slag scraping plate extends along the radial direction of the driven gear.

2. The slag removal device for the domestic waste treatment pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first slag discharge port is close to the inner side of the slag discharger.

3. The slag removal device for the domestic waste treatment pyrolysis gasification furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of slag rakes are further circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the installation part, the slag rakes are located in the ash discharge groove, and the slag rakes are arranged between adjacent slag dischargers.

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