Herringbone gear assembly positioning method, device, assembly method and high-power diesel engine

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engine manufacturing, and discloses a herringbone gear assembly positioning method, device, assembly method and high-power diesel engine. The reference tooth engraved lines of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring are aligned for visual rough adjustment; the reference tooth of the left-handed gear ring is fixed as a reference by using the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device, and the correct position of the reference tooth of the right-handed gear ring is obtained by automatically aligning the mobile positioning teeth based on the position accuracy between the mobile positioning teeth and the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device and the body size accuracy of the two positioning teeth, and the position between the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring is assembled. The present invention is applied to the assembly of the combined herringbone gear of a medium-speed high-power diesel engine, improves the assembly accuracy, ensures the stability of the assembly process, saves the economic cost of the herringbone gear, and ensures the operating reliability of the diesel engine gear; it has a wide range of application fields and good promotion value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of diesel engine manufacturing, and in particular relates to a herringbone gear assembly positioning method, a device, an assembly method and a high-power diesel engine. Background Art

[0002] At present, the gear transmission system of medium-speed and high-power diesel engines is an important component of the diesel engine crankshaft-driven camshaft transmission system, high and low temperature water pump, fuel pump, lubricating oil pump transmission system, and governor transmission system. The manufacturing accuracy of each transmission gear of the diesel engine directly affects the smoothness of the diesel engine's operation, load uniformity, noise characteristics, and operational reliability. Generally, the diesel engine gear transmission system adopts spur gears, helical gears, and herringbone gear transmissions. Among them, the herringbone gear is equivalent to two helical gears merged together. It not only has the advantages of helical gears, but also overcomes the disadvantage that helical gears will generate large axial forces. It has the advantages of high overlap, small axial load, high load-bearing capacity, and stable operation. However, the actual processing cost of herringbone gears is high, and it is difficult to ensure accuracy. There are two methods for manufacturing herringbone gears. One is to manufacture left-handed and right-handed helical gears separately, and then assemble them together. See the simplified method. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The other is to make the left-handed and right-handed teeth into one piece, leaving the necessary overtravel groove between the effective tooth surfaces on both sides, see Figure 2 Part No. 1 and Part No. 2 in the assembly drawing.

[0003] The gear transmission system of a certain type of high-power medium-speed diesel engine uses herringbone gears with different numbers of teeth for transmission. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diesel engine is manufactured with patented technology. There are two types of herringbone gears. One is a split left-handed gear ring and a right-handed gear ring, which are assembled into a herringbone gear assembly, called a combined herringbone gear. The other is an integral herringbone gear with high precision. Currently, there is no processing capability in China and it relies on imports. The assembly of combined herringbone gears has become one of the key factors affecting the quality of herringbone gears. This type of diesel engine uses a total of 5 specifications of herringbone gears. Each machine has 12 split-manufactured helical gears. Each set of left-handed gear rings and right-handed gear rings are assembled into one by means of reamed hole bolts. In actual processing, the single gears are all engraved on the reference teeth. During assembly, the two engraved lines on the reference teeth are visually aligned and provided as connecting holes. They are connected with reamed hole bolts with interference fit, fastened with slotted nuts, and prevented from loosening with cotter pins. This eliminates the relative displacement of the two teeth during operation and ensures the connection strength of the two gears. See. Figure 3 , Figure 4 .

[0004] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0005] (1) In the original installation scheme of the combined herringbone gear of the prior art, the split left-handed gear ring of the herringbone gear is placed horizontally on the workbench of the drilling machine, and the right-handed gear ring is installed through the positioning stop. During the assembly process, the reference tooth engraving lines of the left-handed gear ring and the right-handed gear ring are visually aligned. The engraving lines have been made during the gear processing process. The three pre-drilled holes are fastened with process bolts, and the remaining nine bolt holes are drilled and reamed. The bolts and nuts for the reamed holes are installed, and the nuts are tightened. The cotter pins are installed to prevent loosening and lock. Remove the three process bolts, drill and ream the three bolt holes, and install the bolts and nuts for the reamed holes. Tighten the nuts, install the cotter pins, loosen and lock, and complete the assembly of the herringbone gear.

[0006] (2) Install the assembled herringbone gears with different numbers of teeth into the diesel engine and check the meshing backlash. Use red lead oil to check the tooth meshing contact accuracy of the two pairs of meshing herringbone gears.

[0007] (3) Various herringbone gears in diesel engine transmission gears rely on visual alignment of the reference tooth engraving lines based on the assembly process of the left-handed gear ring and the right-handed gear ring. Due to the component errors, assembly method and assembly cumulative errors of the combined herringbone gears, namely, the theoretical position error between the engraving line of the left-handed gear reference tooth and the reference tooth; the theoretical position error between the engraving line of the right-handed gear reference tooth and the reference tooth; the engraving line width error and visual error during the assembly process. Multiple cumulative errors lead to poor uniformity of the meshing clearance of each pair of herringbone gears in the diesel engine, sometimes the tooth clearance measurement value does not meet the specified requirements, and the tooth surface contact accuracy is low. According to the original method of assembly, the meshing clearance of the two pairs of herringbone gears differs greatly in one circle; the contact area is uneven when checking the fitting area with red lead oil, and the contact area is only 45%-65%; during the operation of the diesel engine, there is a lot of noise and the tooth surface is easily damaged. The tooth clearance often exceeds the tolerance during the diesel engine assembly process, and abnormal gear wear occurs during the ship operation. Therefore, the assembly technology of the original combined herringbone gear scheme can no longer meet the requirements, which has brought about diesel engine quality risks and caused certain economic losses to the company.

[0008] The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the assembly is visually aligned according to the reference lines of the left-handed and right-handed gear rings, and the assembly accuracy is poor. In the actual meshing and inspection process, the problem of uneven gear load cannot be solved, and the uneven contact area is at a low level of 45%; the company does not have a large meshing table to automatically align and measure during the initial adjustment; the processing equipment cannot process a single involute tooth. How to achieve the precise positional relationship between the left-handed and right-handed gear rings has become a difficulty.

[0009] The significance of solving the above problems and defects is: designing the positioning method, positioning device and assembly method of the left-handed and right-handed gear rings of the combined herringbone gear is the key factor to ensure the assembly quality. Ensuring the relative position accuracy of the herringbone gears is of great significance to improving the operating quality of the diesel engine, especially reducing gear wear, fragmentation and gear life. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a herringbone gear assembly positioning method, a positioning device, an assembly method and a high-power diesel engine. Specifically, it relates to a diesel engine herringbone gear assembly accuracy control method. The diesel engine herringbone gear assembly technology belongs to the field of mechanical assembly technology, and can be applied to the herringbone gear assembly of diesel engine gear transmission, and can also be applied to other industries.

[0011] The present invention is implemented in this way: a herringbone gear assembly positioning method, comprising:

[0012] Step 1: Use the reference tooth engraving lines of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring to align for rough adjustment, shortening the time for precise adjustment;

[0013] Step 2: Use the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device to fix the reference teeth of the left-handed gear ring as a reference. Based on the position accuracy between the mobile positioning teeth of the positioning device and the fixed positioning teeth and the body size accuracy of the two positioning teeth, use the movement of the mobile positioning teeth to obtain the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring, and perform position assembly between the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring to obtain the relative position accuracy of the left gear ring and the right gear ring.

[0014] Furthermore, in the step two, the positioning device uses fixed positioning teeth and movable positioning teeth to cooperate with each other, and uses external force to complete the automatic fine-tuning and centering of the right-handed gear relative to the left-handed gear; the movable teeth are coated with red lead oil, and the centering accuracy of the right-handed gear relative to the left-handed gear is analyzed based on the contact conditions of the tooth surfaces.

[0015] Furthermore, in the positioning device of step 2, a matching scheme of installing a fixed positioning tooth and a movable positioning tooth on the base of the gear positioning device is designed according to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear. In order to prevent the tooling teeth from rotating slightly during the assembly process, a rectangular hole matching method is adopted. In order to ensure the assembly accuracy, the position size of the rectangular hole and the calculation of the geometric tolerance are designed;

[0016] The parameters of left-handed and right-handed gears are both of level 8 accuracy. The drawings require that the precision should reach level 9 after assembly. The left and right teeth are assembled by visual alignment of the engraved lines. The left and right teeth are offset by 0.3-0.5mm. The left and right tooth angles are calculated based on the helical angle parameters of the left-handed and right-handed gears of the herringbone gears. The size of the fixed positioning teeth and the movable positioning teeth is calculated based on the two gear modules, number of teeth, and normal circumferential tooth thickness. In particular, the gear cannot be designed as an involute single tooth because it cannot be processed. The gear of the simulated tooth needs to be calculated in detail and simulated and verified using computer drawing software.

[0017] Furthermore, the step 2 further includes: simulating theoretical teeth of left-handed and right-handed teeth meshing with the herringbone gear, integrating the designed left-handed and right-handed teeth on a positioning base with high relative position accuracy, simulating static meshing teeth, and designing one of the left-handed and right-handed teeth as a fixed positioning tooth as a reference, and the other mobile positioning tooth for adjustment;

[0018] According to the parameters of left-handed and right-handed gears, the design parameters of the two positioning teeth are calculated; according to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed and right-handed gears, the position size and matching accuracy of the matching hole of the base positioning teeth are designed. The positioning teeth, fixed teeth and rectangular holes of the base are matched with high precision through matching and grinding. At the same time, large chamfers are used around the teeth and small fillets are used around the rectangular holes to improve the matching and grinding accuracy.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a herringbone gear assembly positioning device comprising: a positioning base, a movable positioning tooth, a handle pin, a cover plate, a fixing bolt and a fixed positioning tooth;

[0020] The positioning base is provided with two square holes for installing fixed positioning teeth and movable positioning teeth with high relative position accuracy;

[0021] The fixed positioning teeth are installed at the lower part of the positioning base and are fixed with the positioning base by a cover plate and bolts to form a fixed positioning tooth;

[0022] The movable positioning tooth is installed in the upper matching square hole of the positioning base, and is ground with the matching hole of the positioning base to form a movable positioning tooth, which moves in the square hole of the positioning base through a handle pin installed on the movable positioning tooth.

[0023] Furthermore, the gear assembly positioning device comprises three pairs, two of which are symmetrically arranged for positioning and installing the herringbone gears, and the other pair is used for detecting the assembly accuracy of the herringbone gears;

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide an assembly method of a herringbone gear assembly positioning device, comprising:

[0025] Pull out the movable positioning teeth so that the tooth surface is lower than the matching square hole, and insert the positioning base assembly with fixed positioning teeth from the direction perpendicular to the tooth groove to fix the base;

[0026] Push in the movable positioning gear, adjust the slight movement of the right-hand gear ring in the circumferential direction, control the relative position of the right-hand gear ring and the left-hand gear ring, and tighten the process nut after the positions of the two pairs of herringbone gears are aligned;

[0027] Use the third gear positioning device to randomly check the alignment of other teeth. When the requirements are met, drill and ream the connecting holes of the gear rings of the left-hand and right-hand gears, and install the reamed hole bolts, slotted nuts, and open locating pins; remove the process bolts, drill and ream their connecting holes according to the matching, install the reamed hole bolts, slotted nuts, and open locating pins to complete the herringbone gear assembly.

[0028] Furthermore, the assembly method of the herringbone gear assembly positioning device further comprises:

[0029] The first step is to place the left-handed gear ring on the working platform of the drilling machine, install it to the left-handed gear ring through the positioning hole of the right-handed gear ring, make it concentrically positioned, align the reference teeth of the left-handed and right-handed gear rings with the marking lines, and use the process bolt to penetrate from the end face of the left-handed gear ring, and the process nut to tighten the right-handed gear ring;

[0030] The second step is to place the gear positioning device on the platform of the same drilling machine, and the positioning base of the positioning device and the end face of the left-handed gear ring are in the same assembly plane; pull out the movable positioning tooth through the handle pin, and insert the fixed positioning tooth at the bottom of the positioning base from the direction of the tooth groove perpendicular to the tooth groove of the aligning tooth, and apply a thin layer of red lead oil in the corresponding tooth groove before insertion; after the fixed positioning tooth is inserted, fix the positioning base; place another pair of positioning devices on the other side of the tooth groove symmetrically, adjust the fixed positioning tooth in the same way and fix the positioning device;

[0031] The third step is to apply a thin layer of red lead oil to the corresponding tooth groove of the right-hand gear ring with the alignment teeth as the reference, and insert the mobile positioning teeth on the upper part of the positioning device into the corresponding tooth groove; pull out the mobile positioning teeth, tap the right-hand gear ring lightly to rotate it relative to the left-hand gear ring, and then use the mobile positioning teeth to detect and adjust repeatedly until the two sides of the teeth fit in accordance with the requirements and eliminate the reference tooth engraving error;

[0032] Step 4: Use the gear positioning device to spot check the alignment of the remaining two tooth grooves. Pull out the movable positioning tooth of the positioning device, insert the fixed positioning tooth from the direction perpendicular to the tooth groove, align the tooth groove, and then insert the movable positioning tooth into the corresponding tooth groove to check the tooth side fit. If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the tooth groove position of the alignment tooth and re-check.

[0033] Step 5: After the relative positions of the left-handed gear ring and the right-handed gear ring are adjusted, tighten the process nut, drill the remaining pre-drilled holes in sequence with a reamer, and ream them in sequence to the matching dimensions specified in the drawing with a reamer, and clean the reamed holes;

[0034] Step 6: Install the bolts from the right-handed gear ring side, and install the slotted nuts (1-4) on the left-handed gear ring and tighten them with torque;

[0035] Step 7: Remove the process bolts and nuts, drill and ream the connection holes, install the reamed hole bolts and slot nuts, connect the right-handed gear ring, and tighten the left-handed gear ring with the tightening torque;

[0036] The eighth step is to use the positioning device to check, find the reference and align the herringbone tooth groove to insert the fixed positioning tooth, apply a thin layer of color oil on the meshing tooth surface of the corresponding tooth groove, and insert the movable positioning tooth; check the fit of both sides of the movable positioning tooth; after the assembly inspection is passed, confirm that the slot nut is tightened and insert all the cotter pins.

[0037] Another object of the present invention is to provide a storage medium for receiving a program input by a user, wherein the stored computer program enables an electronic device to execute the herringbone gear assembly positioning method.

[0038] Another object of the present invention is to provide a medium-speed, high-power diesel engine assembled using the herringbone gear assembly and positioning method.

[0039] Combined with all the above technical solutions, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention solves the problem that the original method of assembling the herringbone gear of the diesel engine combined herringbone gear has poor precision, resulting in a large difference in the meshing clearance of each herringbone gear in the diesel engine gear transmission system in one circle, and the meshing clearance value exceeds the specified tolerance requirements; the meshing gear contact accuracy is lower than 65%, the gear operation load is uneven, and there is abnormal wear of the herringbone gear. The present invention designs a set of positioning and inspection devices to ensure that the relative position between the left-handed gear ring and the right-handed gear ring of the herringbone gear is correct. The device meets the positioning and alignment functions of the assembly process of two gears with different rotation directions, and eliminates the assembly accuracy error guaranteed by the manual visual alignment method of two engraved lines during the assembly process. The positioning device of the present invention improves the assembly accuracy of herringbone gears with different numbers of teeth in the diesel engine, ensuring the assembly quality and reliable operation of the diesel engine.

[0040] The assembly method and device are used to assemble combined herringbone gears with different numbers of teeth, and the actual installation verification is carried out on a diesel engine. The present invention effectively controls the relative position accuracy of the tooth surfaces of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear of the herringbone gear, improves the body gear accuracy of the combined herringbone gear, and the combined herringbone gear is installed in the diesel engine. The meshing backlash measurement value and the uniformity in the circumferential direction meet the requirements, and the gear contact accuracy is improved by 20% compared with the original method.

[0041] According to the cumulative operation statistics of diesel engines, the abnormal wear of herringbone gears is reduced by 25%, which saves the company economic losses. The present invention has been promoted for the assembly of other herringbone gears of this series of machines, and is also used for other diesel engines with similar structures.

[0042] The invention is applied to the assembly of the combined herringbone gear of a medium-speed high-power diesel engine, improves the assembly accuracy, ensures the stability of the assembly process, replaces the imported integral herringbone gear, saves the economic cost of the herringbone gear, and ensures the operating reliability of the diesel engine gear. The method has a wide range of application fields and good promotion value.

[0043] By assembling the combined herringbone gears through the assembly method and positioning device of the present invention, a diesel engine includes different types of teeth (168 teeth, 105 teeth, 40 teeth, and 35 teeth respectively). Compared with the previous assembly of diesel engine transmission gears, the gear meshing backlash qualification rate is increased by 50%; the meshing uniformity of one circle of backlash, that is, the backlash difference is increased by 0.05mm; the gear contact area is increased from 45% to 75%; the probability of using an eccentric shaft is reduced by 60%, that is, if the backlash of the herringbone gear is unqualified, the eccentric transmission shaft is used for compensation. At the same time, it has the advantages of high assembly accuracy and fast alignment speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a working principle diagram of a prior art diesel engine gear transmission provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 The prior art provided by the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 AA section view in.

[0047] Part No. 1 in the figure is an integral 168-tooth herringbone gear, and Part No. 2 is an integral 105-tooth herringbone gear.

[0048] Figure 3 It is a diagram of a 105-tooth combined herringbone gear in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 It is a diagram of a 168-tooth combined herringbone gear in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a herringbone gear assembly and positioning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] In the figure: 1, 168-tooth herringbone gear (crankshaft gear); 1-1, 168-tooth left-handed gear ring; 1-2, 168-tooth right-handed gear ring; 1-3, reamed hole bolt; 1-4, slotted nut; 1-5, cotter pin; 2, 105-tooth herringbone gear (intermediate gear); 2-1, 105-tooth left-handed gear ring; 2-2, 105-tooth right-handed gear ring; 2-3, reamed hole bolt; 2-4, slotted nut; 2-5, cotter pin; 3, 30-tooth spur gear (intermediate gear); 4, spur gear (camshaft gear); 5, 36-tooth herringbone gear (transmission gear); 6, 35-tooth herringbone gear (water pump transmission gear); 7, 40-tooth herringbone gear (oil pump transmission gear); 8, positioning base; 9, movable positioning tooth; 10, handle pin; 11, cover plate; 12, bolt; 13, fixed positioning tooth.

[0052] Figure 6 It is a flow chart of a herringbone gear assembly method provided in an embodiment of the invention.

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a herringbone gear assembly provided by an embodiment of the invention

[0054] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation and inspection of the whole machine of the herringbone gear assembly provided by an embodiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0056] The original method of assembling the diesel engine combined herringbone gear has poor precision, resulting in a large difference in the meshing clearance of each herringbone tooth in the diesel engine gear transmission system in one circle, and the meshing clearance value exceeds the specified requirements; the meshing gear contact accuracy is less than 65%, the gear running load is uneven, and there is abnormal wear of the herringbone gear.

[0057] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a herringbone gear assembly positioning method, device, assembly method and high-power diesel engine. The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] The present invention provides a herringbone gear assembly and positioning method, comprising:

[0059] Step 1: Use the reference tooth markings of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring to align and make a rough adjustment.

[0060] Step two, use the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device to fix the reference teeth of the left-handed gear ring as a reference. Based on the position accuracy between the mobile positioning teeth and the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device and the body size accuracy of the two positioning teeth, use the movement of the mobile positioning teeth to obtain the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring, and perform positional assembly between the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring.

[0061] In the step 2, the positioning device uses fixed positioning teeth and movable positioning teeth to cooperate with each other, and uses external force to complete the automatic fine-tuning and centering of the right-handed gear relative to the left-handed gear; the movable teeth are coated with red lead oil, and the centering accuracy of the right-handed gear relative to the left-handed gear is analyzed based on the contact conditions of the tooth surfaces.

[0062] In the positioning device of step 2, the position size and shape and position tolerance of the matching rectangular holes for mounting the fixed positioning teeth and the movable positioning teeth on the base of the gear positioning device are calculated according to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear;

[0063] According to the left-handed and right-handed gear parameters of herringbone gears, the dimensions of the fixed positioning teeth and the movable positioning teeth are calculated.

[0064] The step 2 further comprises:

[0065] Simulate the theoretical teeth of left-handed and right-handed teeth meshing with herringbone gears, integrate the designed left-handed and right-handed teeth on a positioning base with high relative position accuracy, simulate static meshing teeth, and design one of the left-handed and right-handed teeth as a fixed positioning tooth as a reference, and the other mobile positioning tooth for adjustment;

[0066] According to the parameters of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear, the design parameters of the two locating teeth are calculated; according to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear, the position size and matching accuracy of the matching hole of the base locating tooth are designed.

[0067] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0068] like Figure 5As shown, the herringbone gear assembly positioning device provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises a positioning base (8), a movable positioning tooth (9), a handle pin (10), a cover plate (11), a fixing bolt (12), and a fixed positioning tooth (13). The positioning base (8) is designed with two fixed positioning teeth and movable positioning teeth installation square holes with high relative position accuracy. The fixed positioning teeth (9) and movable positioning teeth (13) are designed according to the tooth groove size parameters of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear, and have high accuracy. The fixed positioning teeth (13) are installed at the lower part of the positioning base, fixed by the cover plate (11) and the bolt (12), and become one with the positioning base (8), forming a fixed positioning tooth; the movable positioning tooth (9) is installed in the upper matching square hole of the positioning base (8), and is ground with the matching hole of the positioning base (8) to ensure small gap precision matching, forming a movable positioning tooth, and can be moved in the square hole of the positioning base (8) through the handle pin (10) installed on the movable positioning tooth (9).

[0069] The assembly process of herringbone gears should be equipped with three pairs of gear positioning and inspection devices, two of which are symmetrically arranged for the positioning and installation of herringbone gears, and one for the assembly accuracy inspection of herringbone gears. During the use of the gear positioning device, the movable positioning tooth (9) is pulled out so that its tooth surface is lower than the matching square hole, and the positioning base (8) assembly with the fixed positioning tooth (13) is inserted from the direction perpendicular to the tooth groove to fix the base. Push in the movable positioning tooth (9), adjust the slight movement of the right-handed gear ring in the circumferential direction, control the relative position of the right-handed gear ring (1-2) and the left-handed gear ring (1-1), and tighten the process nut after the two pairs of herringbone gears are aligned. Use the third pair of gear positioning device to randomly check the alignment of other teeth. If it meets the requirements, drill and ream the connecting holes of the left-handed and right-handed gear rings, and install the reamed hole bolts, slotted nuts, and open positioning pins. Remove the process bolts, drill and ream their connecting holes according to the matching, install the reamed hole bolts, slotted nuts, and open positioning pins, and complete the assembly of the herringbone gears.

[0070] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a herringbone gear assembly method, taking the assembly of a 168-tooth herringbone gear as an example to illustrate the assembly steps, and the assembly methods of other gears are the same, see Figure 4 , Figure 5 . Specifically include:

[0071] S101. First, place the left-handed gear ring (1-1) on the working platform of the drilling machine, and install it to the left-handed gear ring (1-1) through the positioning hole of the right-handed gear ring (1-2), ensuring concentric positioning, so that the reference teeth of the left-handed and right-handed gear rings with marked lines are aligned, and three process bolts are inserted from the end face of the left-handed gear ring (1-1), and three process nuts are used to tighten the right-handed gear ring (1-2).

[0072] 1. Place the gear positioning device on the platform of the same drilling machine, that is, the positioning base (8) of the positioning device and the end face of the left-handed gear ring (1-1) are on the same assembly plane. Pull out the movable positioning tooth (9) through the handle pin (10), and insert the fixed positioning tooth (13) at the bottom of the positioning base (8) from the direction of the tooth groove perpendicular to the tooth groove. Before insertion, apply a thin layer of red lead oil in the corresponding tooth groove. Observe the fit. The requirement is: the spots on both sides of the positioning tooth are symmetrical and uniform. Otherwise, slightly move the positioning device to make the fit meet the requirements. After the fixed positioning tooth (13) is inserted, fix the positioning base. Place another pair of positioning devices on the other side of the tooth groove symmetrically, adjust the fixed positioning teeth in the same way, and fix the positioning device.

[0073] 1. Take the alignment teeth as the reference, apply a thin layer of red lead oil to the corresponding tooth groove of the right-hand gear ring (1-2), insert the mobile positioning teeth (9) on the upper part of the positioning device into the corresponding tooth groove, and observe the fit of the mobile teeth. Requirements: Symmetrical and uniform on both sides. If the fit is not good or poor, pull out the mobile positioning teeth (9), tap the right-hand gear ring (1-2) lightly with a copper hammer to rotate it relative to the left-hand gear ring, and then use the mobile positioning teeth (9) to check, and adjust repeatedly until the fit of both sides of the teeth meets the requirements and eliminates the visual error of the reference tooth engraving line.

[0074] 2. Use the gear positioning device to randomly check the alignment of the remaining two tooth grooves. The detection method is as follows: pull out the movable positioning tooth (9) of the positioning device, insert the fixed positioning tooth (13) from the direction perpendicular to the tooth groove, align the tooth groove, and then insert the movable positioning tooth (9) into the corresponding tooth groove to check the tooth side fit. If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the tooth groove position of the alignment tooth and re-test.

[0075] After the relative positions of the left-handed gear ring (1-1) and the right-handed gear ring (1-2) are adjusted, tighten the process nut, use a reamer to drill the remaining 9 pre-drilled holes (except the connection holes fixed by the process bolts), use a reamer to ream them in sequence to the matching dimensions specified in the drawing, and clean the reamed holes.

[0076] , install the hole bolt (1-3) from the right-handed gear ring (1-2) side, install the slot nut (1-4) on the left-handed gear ring (1-1) and tighten it to the specified torque.

[0077] 1. Remove the three process bolts and process nuts. Drill and ream the connection holes, install the three reamed hole bolts and slot nuts, and use the same method to connect the right-handed gear ring (1-2) and the left-handed gear ring (1-1), and tighten them according to the specified tightening torque.

[0078] 1. Check with the positioning device, find the reference and align the herringbone tooth groove. After inserting the fixed positioning tooth (13), apply a thin layer of color oil on the meshing tooth surface of the corresponding tooth groove and insert the movable positioning tooth (9). Check the fit of both sides of the movable positioning tooth. Requirement: The contact spots on both sides of the tooth are symmetrical and uniform. In the same way, randomly check the fit of any two tooth grooves, which should meet the requirements. After the assembly inspection is qualified, confirm that the slot nut is tightened and insert all the cotter pins (1-5).

[0079] The invention has been verified in practice by multiple assembly tests of herringbone gears with different numbers of teeth, and has also passed the assembly, test and service verification of diesel engines, and has met the assembly test requirements of imported integral herringbone gears. Figure 7 To assemble the herringbone gear, Figure 8 Assemble the whole machine.

[0080] The present invention uses the reference tooth engraving lines of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring to align and perform rough adjustment, and then uses the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device to fix the reference teeth of the left-handed gear ring as a reference. Based on the high position accuracy between the mobile positioning teeth and the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device and the body size accuracy of the two positioning teeth, the moving function of the mobile positioning teeth can be used to align the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring, ensure the position accuracy between the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring, and improve the assembly accuracy of the combined herringbone gear.

[0081] Specifically, the present invention also relates to a design method of a herringbone gear positioning device, comprising:

[0082] (1) Structural design of the device

[0083] The fixed positioning teeth and the movable positioning teeth cooperate with each other, and the automatic fine-tuning alignment of the right-handed gear relative to the left-handed gear is completed by external force; the movable teeth are coated with red lead oil, and the alignment accuracy of the two gears is more accurately checked according to the contact conditions of the tooth surfaces. When the diesel engine is assembled with herringbone gears, the step of checking the contact accuracy of the meshing tooth surfaces can be omitted, which is determined by the assembly accuracy of the gears.

[0084] (2) Calculation of design parameters of positioning base and positioning teeth

[0085] According to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear, the position size and form and position tolerance of the matching rectangular holes for installing the fixed positioning teeth and the movable positioning teeth on the base of the gear positioning device are calculated.

[0086] According to the left-handed and right-handed gear parameters of herringbone gears, the dimensions of the fixed positioning teeth and the movable positioning teeth are calculated.

[0087] The herringbone gear positioning device designed in the present invention improves the assembly accuracy of the combined herringbone gear, that is, the alignment accuracy of the left-handed gear ring and the right-handed gear ring reference gear is improved, ensuring that the meshing clearance with the paired herringbone gear of the same module is uniform and the contact accuracy of the meshing teeth is met.

[0088] The design principle of the present invention adopts the principle of simulating static meshing to simulate the theoretical teeth of left-handed and right-handed teeth meshing with the herringbone gears. The two designed positioning teeth are integrated on a positioning base with high relative position accuracy to realize the function of simulating static meshing teeth. The two positioning tooth structures are designed as one fixed and the other movable to realize the function of the fixed positioning tooth as a reference and the function of the movable positioning tooth as an adjustment.

[0089] According to the parameters of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear of the herringbone gear, the design parameters of the two locating teeth in the positioning device are calculated; according to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear, the matching hole position size and matching accuracy of the base locating tooth are designed.

[0090] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembly method for a herringbone gear assembly positioning device, characterized in that: The herringbone gear assembly positioning method includes: Step 1: Use the reference tooth engraving lines of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring to align and perform rough adjustment; Step 2: Use the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device to fix the reference teeth of the left-handed gear ring as a reference. Based on the position accuracy between the mobile positioning teeth and the fixed positioning teeth of the positioning device and the body size accuracy of the two positioning teeth, use the movement of the mobile positioning teeth to obtain the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring, and perform positional assembly between the reference teeth of the right-handed gear ring and the left-handed gear ring. The herringbone gear assembly positioning device comprises: a positioning base, a movable positioning tooth, a handle pin, a cover plate, a fixing bolt and a fixed positioning tooth; The positioning base is provided with two square holes for installing fixed positioning teeth and movable positioning teeth with high relative position accuracy; The fixed positioning teeth are installed at the lower part of the positioning base and are fixed with the positioning base by a cover plate and bolts to form a fixed positioning tooth; The movable positioning tooth is installed in the upper matching square hole of the positioning base, and is ground with the matching hole of the positioning base to form a movable positioning tooth, which moves in the square hole of the positioning base through a handle pin installed on the movable positioning tooth; The assembly method of the herringbone gear assembly positioning device comprises: Pull out the movable positioning teeth so that the tooth surface is lower than the matching square hole, and insert the positioning base assembly with fixed positioning teeth from the direction perpendicular to the tooth groove to fix the base; Push in the movable positioning gear, adjust the slight movement of the right-hand gear ring in the circumferential direction, control the relative position of the right-hand gear ring and the left-hand gear ring, and tighten the process nut after the positions of the two pairs of herringbone gears are aligned; Use the third gear positioning device to randomly check the alignment of other teeth. When the requirements are met, drill and ream the connecting holes of the gear rings of the left-hand and right-hand gears, and install the reamed hole bolts, slotted nuts, and open locating pins; remove the process bolts, drill and ream their connecting holes according to the matching, install the reamed hole bolts, slotted nuts, and open locating pins to complete the herringbone gear assembly.

2. The assembly method of the herringbone gear assembly positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the positioning device uses fixed positioning teeth and movable positioning teeth to cooperate with each other, and uses external force to complete the automatic fine-tuning and centering of the right-handed gear relative to the left-handed gear; the movable teeth are coated with red lead oil, and the centering accuracy of the right-handed gear relative to the left-handed gear is analyzed based on the contact conditions of the tooth surfaces.

3. The method for assembling the herringbone gear assembly positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the positioning device of step 2, according to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed gear and the right-handed gear, the matching scheme of the fixed positioning gear and the movable positioning gear installed on the base of the gear positioning device is designed. In order to prevent the tooling gear from rotating slightly during the assembly process, a rectangular hole matching method is adopted. In order to ensure the assembly accuracy, the position size of the rectangular hole and the calculation of the form and position tolerance are designed; The parameters of left-handed and right-handed gears are both of grade 8 accuracy. The drawings require that the accuracy should reach grade 9 after assembly. The gears are assembled according to the visual alignment method of the reference tooth scale. The left and right teeth are offset by 0.3-0.5mm. The left and right tooth angles are calculated based on the helix angle parameters of the left-handed and right-handed herringbone gears. The dimensions of the fixed and movable positioning teeth are calculated based on the module, number of teeth, and normal circumferential tooth thickness of the two gears. The gears cannot be designed as involute single teeth. The gears with simulated teeth are calculated and simulated and verified using computer drawing software.

4. The method for assembling the herringbone gear assembly positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 further includes: simulating theoretical teeth of left-handed and right-handed teeth meshing with the herringbone gear, integrating the designed left-handed and right-handed teeth on a positioning base with high relative position accuracy, simulating static meshing teeth, and designing one of the left-handed and right-handed teeth as a fixed positioning tooth as a reference, and the other mobile positioning tooth for adjustment; According to the parameters of left-handed gears and right-handed gears, the design parameters of the two locating teeth are calculated; according to the relative position relationship and dimensional accuracy of the left-handed gears and the right-handed gears, the position size and matching accuracy of the matching hole of the base locating teeth are designed; through matching and research, the high-precision matching requirements of the locating teeth, fixed teeth and the rectangular holes of the base are guaranteed, and at the same time, large chamfers are used around the teeth and small fillets are used around the rectangular holes.

5. The method for assembling the herringbone gear assembly positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The herringbone gear assembly positioning devices are three pairs, two of which are symmetrically arranged and used for positioning and installing the herringbone gears, and the other pair is used for assembly accuracy detection of the herringbone gears.

6. The method for assembling the herringbone gear assembly positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly method of the herringbone gear assembly positioning device further comprises: The first step is to place the left-handed gear ring on the working platform of the drilling machine, install it to the left-handed gear ring through the positioning hole of the right-handed gear ring, make it concentrically positioned, align the reference teeth of the left-handed and right-handed gear rings with the marking lines, and use the process bolt to penetrate from the end face of the left-handed gear ring, and the process nut to tighten the right-handed gear ring; The second step is to place the gear positioning device on the platform of the same drilling machine, and the positioning base of the positioning device and the end face of the left-handed gear ring are in the same assembly plane; pull out the movable positioning tooth through the handle pin, and insert the fixed positioning tooth at the bottom of the positioning base from the direction of the tooth groove perpendicular to the tooth groove of the aligning tooth, and apply a thin layer of red lead oil in the corresponding tooth groove before insertion; after the fixed positioning tooth is inserted, fix the positioning base; place another pair of positioning devices on the other side of the tooth groove symmetrically, adjust the fixed positioning tooth in the same way and fix the positioning device; The third step is to apply a thin layer of red lead oil to the corresponding tooth groove of the right-hand gear ring with the alignment teeth as the reference, and insert the mobile positioning teeth on the upper part of the positioning device into the corresponding tooth groove; pull out the mobile positioning teeth, tap the right-hand gear ring lightly to rotate it relative to the left-hand gear ring, and then use the mobile positioning teeth to detect and adjust repeatedly until the two sides of the teeth fit in accordance with the requirements and eliminate the reference tooth engraving error; Step 4: Use the gear positioning device to spot check the alignment of the remaining two tooth grooves. Pull out the movable positioning tooth of the positioning device, insert the fixed positioning tooth from the direction perpendicular to the tooth groove, align the tooth groove, and then insert the movable positioning tooth into the corresponding tooth groove to check the tooth side fit. If it does not meet the requirements, adjust the tooth groove position of the alignment tooth and re-check. Step 5: After the relative positions of the left-handed gear ring and the right-handed gear ring are adjusted, tighten the process nut, drill the remaining pre-drilled holes in sequence with a reamer, and ream them in sequence to the matching dimensions specified in the drawing with a reamer, and clean the reamed holes; Step 6: Install the bolts from the right-handed gear ring side, and install the slotted nuts (1-4) on the left-handed gear ring and tighten them with torque; Step 7: Remove the process bolts and nuts, drill and ream the connection holes, install the reamed hole bolts and slot nuts, connect the right-handed gear ring, and tighten the left-handed gear ring with the tightening torque; The eighth step is to use the positioning device to check, find the reference and align the herringbone tooth groove to insert the fixed positioning tooth, apply a thin layer of color oil on the meshing tooth surface of the corresponding tooth groove, and insert the movable positioning tooth; check the fit of both sides of the movable positioning tooth; after the assembly inspection is passed, confirm that the slot nut is tightened and insert all the cotter pins.

7. A storage medium for receiving a program input by a user, wherein the stored computer program enables an electronic device to execute the assembly method of the herringbone gear assembly and positioning device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A high-power diesel engine assembled by using the assembly method of the herringbone gear assembly and positioning device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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