An efficient processing device for inner-hole annular grooves

Abstract

The present invention provides an efficient processing device for inner-hole annular grooves, which includes a push rod. A taper head is fitted and installed at the lower end of the push rod. A tool holder is fitted and installed on the outer side of the push rod through a sliding key. A through hole is provided in the middle of the tool holder, and two boring and milling cutters are evenly distributed inside its lower part. The boring and milling cutters can slide along the radial direction of the tool holder. A stopper is connected to the middle of the boring and milling cutter through a spring. An adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder. A plain bearing is fitted and installed at the bottom of the adjusting nut, and threaded holes are evenly distributed on its outer cylindrical surface. A locking block and a set screw are provided in the threaded holes. Upper and lower covers are respectively fitted and installed at the upper and lower ends of the tool holder, which can prevent machining dust from entering the device. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: it is convenient to adjust, the calculation is simple, it can be applied to conventional machine tools such as universal milling machines and radial drilling machines, expands the processing capacity of small and medium-sized machining enterprises, and gets rid of the dependence on special machine tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining of annular grooves in holes, and particularly to an efficient machining device for annular grooves in holes. Background Art

[0002] As Figure 1 shown, the feature of annular grooves in holes is often seen in many mechanical parts, such as the spindle boxes, gear boxes, engines, generator housing parts of various machine tools, etc. Almost all the holes in these power product housing parts have the feature of annular grooves in holes. The feature of annular grooves in holes is usually used to place accessories such as sealing rings, bearings, retaining rings, lubricants, etc., and plays an important role in the assembly, lubrication, operation or ventilation of parts. Due to the importance of the feature of annular grooves in holes, appropriate and efficient machining methods for it are also highly emphasized.

[0003] Generally, the annular groove feature in the shaft hole is usually machined by a lathe. The main shaft of the lathe drives the shaft part to rotate, and the turning tool extends into the hole to make a radial movement to machine the annular groove in the hole. Some large housing parts cannot be machined by a lathe and can only be fixed on a large boring machine. When machining the annular groove in the hole, the boring tool is installed on the radial feed mechanism of the boring machine main shaft and extends into the hole. While the main shaft drives the boring tool to rotate, the boring tool makes a radial movement under the action of the radial feed mechanism to machine the groove in the hole. However, the boring machine is not a popular equipment and is relatively expensive. Some boring machines do not even have a radial feed function, and non-professional factories will not be equipped with special boring machines. Therefore, when most small and medium-sized enterprises have the need to machine the inner annular groove of housing parts, they can only seek help from external cooperation manufacturers to complete it. This not only increases the manufacturing cost, but also the production progress and quality are out of control. Sometimes, due to design changes and other situations, the number or position of the inner annular groove features changes, and it is very inconvenient to coordinate. Therefore, it is very necessary to design an efficient machining device for annular grooves in holes with a simple structure, convenient use and strong versatility. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention discloses an efficient machining device for annular grooves in holes, which is easy to adjust, simple to use and calculate, can be applied to conventional machine tools such as universal milling machines and radial drilling machines, expands the machining capabilities of small and medium-sized machining enterprises, and gets rid of the dependence on special machine tools.

[0005] The specific solution is as follows: An efficient machining device for inner-hole annular grooves, characterized in that it includes a push rod, a taper head is fitted and installed at the lower end of the push rod, a tool holder that can slide along the axial direction of the push rod is fitted and installed on the outer side of the push rod through a sliding key, the sliding key is arranged along the axial direction of the push rod, the tool holder is a cylindrical structure, a through hole adapted to the push rod is provided in the middle along the axial direction, two boring and milling cutters are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the lower part inside it, the boring and milling cutters can slide along the radial direction of the tool holder, the inner ends are placed in the middle through hole of the tool holder and are in sliding contact with the taper head, and the outer ends can extend out of the outer side surface of the tool holder. A stop block is connected to the middle of the boring and milling cutter through a spring. When the device is restored, the spring can reset the boring and milling cutter into the tool holder. An adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder, and the adjusting nut can move on the tool holder through the thread. A plain bearing is fitted and installed at the bottom of the adjusting nut, and threaded holes are evenly distributed on its outer cylindrical surface. Locking blocks and set screws are provided in the threaded holes, and the locking blocks are placed between the tool holder and the set screws. The set screws are connected to the adjusting nut by threads. Rotating the set screws can press or loosen the locking blocks to fix the position of the adjusting nut on the tool holder. Upper and lower covers are respectively fitted and installed at the upper and lower ends of the tool holder to prevent machining dust from entering the device interior.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper part of the push rod is a Morse taper, and the lower part is a cylindrical structure. The Morse taper is a standard taper used in machining equipment and can be directly docked with machining equipment for use. A keyway adapted to the sliding key is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the lower cylindrical structure of the push rod for placing the sliding key. A threaded hole is provided inside the lower end of the push rod for connecting the taper head.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a sliding keyway adapted to the sliding key is provided on the hole wall of the through hole of the tool holder, and the sliding key can slide up and down in the sliding keyway. An external thread is provided on the upper section outside the tool holder for mating with the adjusting nut. Two tool slots communicating with the middle through hole of the tool holder are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the lower end of the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder. The tool slots are adapted to the boring and milling cutters and are used for placing the boring and milling cutters. A stop block slot communicating with the tool slot is provided at the lower part of the tool slot. The stop block slot is adapted to the stop block for placing the stop block. Four cover fixing holes are evenly distributed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the tool holder respectively for installing the upper and lower covers respectively.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the adjusting nut is of an annular structure, and its inner side is provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread, so that the adjusting nut can adjust its position on the tool holder under the action of the thread. Four threaded holes are evenly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of the adjusting nut for placing the locking block and the stop screw. When the position of the adjusting nut on the tool holder is adjusted in place, the stop screw is screwed, and under the action of the stop screw, the locking block is fastened on the external thread of the tool holder, thus firmly fixing the adjusting nut on the tool holder.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the taper of the taper head is 53.14 degrees, and the upper end of the taper head is provided with a bolt head adapted to the threaded hole.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the boring and milling cutter is of a block structure. When in use, two boring and milling cutters are respectively placed in two cutter grooves of the tool holder. The inner end thereof is an arc surface, so that the taper head can be easily inserted between the two boring and milling cutters during work. The outer end is a cutter head, and a spring groove is opened at the bottom for placing a spring.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the stop block is of a block structure. When in use, two stop blocks are respectively placed in two stop block grooves of the tool holder and are arranged opposite to each other left and right. A spring seat is provided on the outer side of the upper end for placing a spring.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. When using the device, the taper shank of the device can be directly installed in the spindle hole of the processing machine, without an intermediate fixture, so the use accuracy is easy to guarantee, and the device is convenient to load, unload and use;

[0014] 2. It is convenient to adjust the axial position of the adjusting nut on the tool holder, so that the axial position dimension of the annular groove is easy to control and realize, which is convenient and intuitive. At the same time, it can be used for annular grooves with different depths;

[0015] 3. The rotation of the machine tool spindle drives the device to rotate, and at the same time, the axial movement of the spindle makes the taper head move axially. Under the action of the taper surface of the taper head, the tool is directly driven to move radially, realizing the movement conversion to complete the cutting processing of the workpiece annular groove;

[0016] 4. Skillfully applying the principle of trigonometric functions to control the depth dimension of the machined annular groove, with a clear principle, easy depth calculation and easy control of dimensional accuracy;

[0017] 5. The boring and milling cutter is covered by the lower cover plate, which is convenient for loading and unloading, and is convenient for tool wear maintenance and replacement;

[0018] 6. Two boring and milling cutters work simultaneously, and the taper head receives equal reaction forces on both sides and cancels each other out, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the device, facilitating the cutting work and reducing the vibration during cutting processing;

[0019] 7. After the machining is completed, when the taper head is raised, the boring and milling cutter automatically resets under the action of the spring, which is beneficial to tool protection and the use of the device;

[0020] 8. The tool can be developed in a standardized series. For grooves with different sizes and shapes, only the size and shape of the tool tip need to be changed;

[0021] 9. The whole device is fully enclosed for protection, which can play a role in dust protection. In particular, the debris and dust during machining of parts will not cause damage and influence to the inside of the device. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the characteristics of the annular groove in the hole.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push rod in an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool holder in an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting nut in an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the taper head in an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the boring and milling cutter in an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stop block in an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of an efficient machining device for an annular groove in a hole according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the machining depth of the annular groove in the hole.

[0033] List of Reference Numerals:

[0034] 1 - Push rod, 21 - Morse taper, 22 - Keyway, 23 - Threaded hole, 2 - Tool holder, 31 - Sliding keyway, 32 - External thread, 33 - Tool groove, 34 - Stop block groove, 35 - Cover plate fixing hole, 3 - Adjusting nut, 26 - Internal thread, 27 - Threaded hole, 4 - Set screw, 5 - Plain bearing, 6 - Boring and milling cutter, 41 - Tool tip, 42 - Spring groove, 43 - Arc surface, 7 - Stop block, 46 - Spring seat, 8 - Spring, 9 - Taper head, 29, Bolt head, 10 - Lower cover plate, 11 - Sliding key, 12 - Locking block, 13 - Upper cover plate, 14 - Workpiece. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The present invention will be further clarified below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes. It should be understood that the following specific implementation modes are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to the directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" respectively refer to the directions towards or away from the geometric center of a specific component.

[0036] As Figures 1-9 shown, a high-efficiency processing device for inner-ring grooves of holes includes a push rod 1. A taper head 9 is fitted and installed at the lower end of the push rod 1. A tool holder 2 that can slide along the axial direction of the push rod 1 is fitted and installed on the outside of the push rod 1 through a sliding key 11. The sliding key 11 is arranged along the axial direction of the push rod 1. The tool holder 2 is a cylindrical structure, and a through hole adapted to the push rod 1 is provided in the middle along the axial direction. Two boring and milling cutters 6 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner part of its lower part. The boring and milling cutters 6 can slide along the radial direction of the tool holder 2. Their inner ends are placed in the middle through hole of the tool holder 2 and are in sliding contact with the taper head 9, and the outer ends can extend out of the outer side surface of the tool holder 2. A stop block 7 is connected to the middle of the boring and milling cutter 6 through a spring 8. When the device is restored, the spring 8 can reset the boring and milling cutter 6 into the tool holder 2. An adjusting nut 3 is threadedly connected to the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder 2. The adjusting nut 3 can move on the tool holder 2 through the thread. A plain bearing 5 is fitted and installed at the bottom of the adjusting nut 3. Threaded holes 27 are evenly distributed on its outer cylindrical surface. Locking blocks 12 and set screws 4 are provided in the threaded holes 27, and the locking blocks 12 are placed between the tool holder 2 and the set screws 4. The set screws 4 are threadedly connected to the adjusting nut 3. Rotating the set screws 4 can press or loosen the locking blocks 12 to fix the position of the adjusting nut 3 on the tool holder 2. Upper cover plates 13 and lower cover plates 10 are respectively fitted and installed at the upper end and the lower end of the tool holder 2 to prevent machining dust from entering the device.

[0037] In this embodiment, the upper part of the push rod 1 has a Morse taper 21, and the lower part has a cylindrical structure. The Morse taper 21 is a standard taper used in machining equipment and can be directly docked with machining equipment for use. A keyway 22 adapted to the sliding key 11 is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the lower cylindrical structure of the push rod 1 for placing the sliding key 11. A threaded hole 23 is provided inside the lower end of the push rod 1 for connecting the taper head 9.

[0038] In this embodiment, a sliding keyway 31 adapted to the sliding key 11 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole of the tool holder 2. The sliding key 11 can slide up and down in the sliding keyway 31. An external thread 32 is provided on the upper section of the tool holder 2 for cooperating with the adjusting nut 3. Two tool grooves 33 communicating with the through hole in the middle of the tool holder 2 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the lower end of the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder 2. The tool grooves 33 are adapted to the boring and milling cutter 6 and are used for placing the boring and milling cutter 6. A stop block groove 34 communicating with the tool groove 33 is provided at the lower part of the tool groove 33. The stop block groove 34 is adapted to the stop block 7 for placing the stop block 2. Four cover plate fixing holes 35 are evenly distributed on the upper and lower end faces of the tool holder 2 respectively for installing the upper cover plate 13 and the lower cover plate 10 respectively.

[0039] In this embodiment, the adjusting nut 3 has an annular structure. An internal thread 26 adapted to the external thread 32 is provided on the inner side thereof, so that the adjusting nut 3 can adjust its position on the tool holder 2 under the action of the thread. Four threaded holes 27 are evenly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of the adjusting nut 3 for placing the locking block 12 and the stop screw 4. When the position of the adjusting nut 3 on the tool holder 2 is adjusted in place, the stop screw 4 is screwed. Under the action of the stop screw 4, the locking block 12 is fastened on the external thread of the tool holder 2, thus firmly fixing the adjusting nut 3 on the tool holder 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, the taper of the taper head 9 is 53.14 degrees, and a bolt head 9 adapted to the threaded hole 23 is provided at the upper end of the taper head 9.

[0041] In this embodiment, the boring and milling cutter 6 has a block structure. When in use, two boring and milling cutters 6 are respectively placed in the two tool grooves 33 of the tool holder 2. The inner end thereof is an arc surface 43, so that the taper head 9 can be easily inserted between the two boring and milling cutters 6 during work. The outer end is a cutting head 41, and a spring groove 42 is opened at the bottom for placing the spring 8.

[0042] In this embodiment, the stop block 7 has a block structure. When in use, two stop blocks 7 are respectively placed in the two stop block grooves 34 of the tool holder 2 and are arranged opposite to each other left and right. A spring seat 46 is provided on the outer side of the upper end thereof for placing the spring 8.

[0043] As Figure 10 shown, the operation method and working steps of the present invention:

[0044] (1)During use, place the workpiece 14 on the workbench of the machine tool and adjust it so that the center of the hole in the workpiece coincides with the center of the spindle hole of the machine tool;

[0045] (2)Measure whether the dimension from the bottom surface of the plain bearing 5 to the boring and milling cutter 6 is the same as the position dimension of the annular groove in the hole of the workpiece 14. If not, rotate the adjusting nut 3 to adjust the axial position of the adjusting nut 3 until the dimension from the bottom surface of the plain bearing 5 to the boring and milling cutter 6 is the same as the position dimension of the annular groove in the hole of the workpiece 14. In this way, the axial position of the boring and milling cutter 6 is determined;

[0046] (3)After adjusting the axial position of the cutter 6, lock the four set screws 4 so that the locking block 12 firmly presses against the tool holder 2, thus fixing the adjusting nut 3 on the tool holder 2;

[0047] (4)Directly insert the Morse taper 21 of the device push rod 1 into the center hole of the machine tool spindle, and then lower the machine tool spindle. The device enters the hole of the workpiece 14 until the plain bearing 5 contacts the upper surface of the workpiece 14;

[0048] (5)Start the machine tool. The machine tool spindle drives the push rod 1 to rotate. Since there is a sliding key 11 connecting the push rod 1 and the tool holder 2, the tool holder 2 and the adjusting nut 3 fastened to the tool holder 2 also rotate. Since there is a plain bearing 5 between the adjusting nut 3 fastened to the tool holder 2 and the upper surface of the workpiece 14, the rotation of the device is not affected;

[0049] (6)The tool holder 2 simultaneously drives the boring and milling cutter 6, the stop block 7, and the spring 8 mounted at its bottom to rotate;

[0050] (7)Continue to lower the machine tool spindle so that the push rod 1 drives the taper head 9 installed in its top thread hole 23 to move axially downward. As the taper head 9 descends, under the action of its taper surface, it forces the two boring and milling cutters 6 to move radially outward;

[0051] (8)When the boring and milling cutter 6 moves radially outward until it contacts the surface of the hole of the workpiece 14, start calculating the descending dimension of the machine tool spindle until the dimension of the inner annular groove in the hole is processed. Since the taper angle of the taper head 9 is 53.14 degrees, when the spindle descends 10 mm at this time, the cutting depth of the boring and milling cutter on the surface of the workpiece hole is 5 mm;

[0052] (9)After the annular groove is processed, raise the machine tool spindle. At this time, the taper head 9 also rises and disengages from the boring and milling cutter 6. The boring and milling cutter 6 moves radially inward under the action of the spring 8 until the side wall of its spring groove 42 touches the side wall of the spring seat 46 of the stop block 7;

[0053] (10)Continue to raise the machine tool spindle until the device leaves the surface of the workpiece 14;

[0054] (11) Refer to the axial position dimension of the next annular groove, adjust the device, and repeat steps (2) to (10).

[0055] As Figure 11 shown, the principle explanation of the machining depth of the annular groove in the hole:

[0056] The taper angle of the taper head is 53.14 degrees. Half of the taper angle is a = 26.57 degrees. According to the trigonometric function relationship, tan26.57° = 0.5. Figure 11 In tana = b / c = 0.5, that is, the length of b is half of the length of c. In this way, the axial movement distance of the taper head downward is c, and the distance of its pushing the boring and milling cutter radially is b. If the depth of the groove to be machined by the boring and milling cutter is 5 mm, the taper head only needs to descend 10 mm.

[0057] The technical means disclosed in the solution of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. An efficient processing device for inner-hole annular grooves, characterized in that: It includes a push rod (1), a taper head (9) is fitted and installed at the lower end of the push rod (1), a tool holder (2) that can slide along the axial direction of the push rod (1) is fitted and installed on the outer side of the push rod (1) through a sliding key (11), the sliding key (11) is arranged along the axial direction of the push rod (1), the tool holder (2) is of a cylindrical structure, a through hole adapted to the push rod (1) is provided in the middle along the axial direction, two boring and milling cutters (6) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner side of its lower part, the boring and milling cutter (6) can slide along the radial direction of the tool holder (2), its inner end is placed in the middle through hole of the tool holder (2) and is in sliding contact with the taper head (9), and the outer end can extend out of the outer side surface of the tool holder (2), a stop block (7) is connected to the middle of the boring and milling cutter (6) through a spring (8), an adjusting nut (3) is threadedly connected to the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder (2), a plain bearing (5) is fitted and installed at the bottom of the adjusting nut (3), second threaded holes (27) are evenly distributed on its outer cylindrical surface, a locking block (12) and a set screw (4) are provided in the second threaded hole (27), and the locking block (12) is placed between the tool holder (2) and the set screw (4), an upper cover plate (13) and a lower cover plate (10) are respectively fitted and installed at the upper end and the lower end of the tool holder (2); the upper part of the push rod (1) is a Morse taper (21), and the lower part is of a cylindrical structure, a keyway (22) adapted to the sliding key (11) is provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the lower cylindrical structure of the push rod (1), a first threaded hole (23) is provided inside the lower end of the push rod (1); a sliding keyway (31) adapted to the sliding key (11) is provided on the hole wall of the through hole of the tool holder (2), an external thread (32) is provided on the upper section of the tool holder (2), two tool grooves (33) communicating with the middle through hole of the tool holder (2) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the lower end of the outer cylindrical surface of the tool holder (2), the tool groove (33) is adapted to the boring and milling cutter (6), and a stop block groove (34) communicating with the tool groove (33) is provided at the lower part of the tool groove (33), the stop block groove (34) is adapted to the stop block (7), and four cover plate fixing holes (35) are evenly distributed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the tool holder (2); the adjusting nut (3) is of an annular structure, an internal thread (26) adapted to the external thread (32) is provided on its inner side, and four second threaded holes (27) are evenly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of the adjusting nut (3); the taper of the taper head (9) is 53.14 degrees, and a bolt head (29) adapted to the first threaded hole (23) is provided at the upper end of the taper head (9); the boring and milling cutter (6) is of a block structure, its inner end is an arc surface (43), the outer end is a cutter head (41), and a spring groove (42) is opened at the bottom; the stop block (7) is of a block structure, and a spring seat (46) is provided on the outer side of its upper end.

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