A six-component ring-type wind tunnel balance

Abstract

The present invention discloses a six-component annular wind tunnel balance, including a balance resistance measuring section, a balance cantilever connecting section for connecting a force measuring model or component is arranged on one side of the balance resistance measuring section, a balance fixed connecting section is arranged on the other side of the balance resistance measuring section, a balance front measuring section for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section and the balance cantilever connecting section, and a balance rear measuring section for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section and the balance fixed connecting section. The present invention breaks through the limitations of the traditional rod-type wind tunnel balance structure, adopts a four-sided symmetrical structure, has good symmetry of force deformation, strong anti-interference ability, high bending moment bearing capacity and good temperature characteristics, smaller deformation under the same output conditions, higher strength, and higher measurement accuracy, can improve the quality of wind tunnel tests, and has great engineering application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind tunnel test model resistance measurement, in particular to a six-component annular wind tunnel balance. Background Art

[0002] The wind tunnel balance (balance for short) is a key measuring device in wind tunnel force tests, used to measure the size, direction and point of action of aerodynamic loads (forces and torques) acting on the model. In force tests involving jets, propellers, etc. that require central ventilation or the installation of rotating shafts, the balance can only adopt a ring structure due to model space limitations. The traditional six-component ring-type wind tunnel balance is made by punching holes on the basis of a conventional balance. It adopts a multi-section series rod structure. The balance structure is asymmetrical up and down. When the size of the middle hole of the balance is large, the stiffness difference between the upper and lower ends of the balance is large. When bearing force, the deformation of the balance measuring element is asymmetrical, and the local stress is large, resulting in a large overall deformation of the balance and low strength. The load is also large due to interference from other components, and there are certain problems such as asymmetry in positive and reverse force measurement, which affects the accuracy of the test force measurement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a six-component annular wind tunnel balance in order to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A six-component annular wind tunnel balance comprises a balance resistance measuring section, wherein a balance cantilever connecting section for connecting a force measuring model or component is arranged on one side of the balance resistance measuring section, a balance fixed connecting section is arranged on the other side of the balance resistance measuring section, a balance front measuring section for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section and the balance cantilever connecting section, and a balance rear measuring section for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section and the balance fixed connecting section.

[0006] It is further configured that the front measuring section of the balance and the rear measuring section of the balance include side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring elements, and lift and pitch moment measuring elements. The side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring elements are symmetrical front to back, and the lift and pitch moment measuring elements are symmetrical top to bottom, and both are four rectangular beams.

[0007] Such an arrangement facilitates the measurement of five component loads through the side force, yaw moment and roll moment measuring elements and the lift and pitch moment measuring elements.

[0008] Further configuration: the balance resistance measurement section is composed of four groups of elements respectively located at the directions of ±45° and ±135° of the central axis, each group of elements is composed of a balance resistance support beam and a balance resistance measuring element on both sides, the balance resistance support beam is composed of six rectangular beams, symmetrical to the six-component annular wind tunnel balance, the balance resistance measuring element is composed of horizontal "gate" type beams, the middle positions of the four horizontal "gate" type beams coincide with the center of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance, and the opening directions of adjacent horizontal "gate" type beams are opposite, that is, the opening directions of two relative beams are forward, and the opening directions of the other two relative beams are backward.

[0009] Such an arrangement has a high degree of symmetry and can balance the stiffness between the front measuring section of the balance, the rear measuring section of the balance and the resistance measuring section of the balance on the one hand, so that when the balance is subjected to lift, side force, pitch moment, yaw moment and roll moment, the deformation degree of each measuring element is consistent and the bending stiffness of the balance is higher, which can reduce the overall deformation of the balance and improve the strength of the balance and the measurement accuracy. On the other hand, the resistance measurement of the balance has a good ability to resist interference from other loads.

[0010] It is further arranged that the balance cantilever connection section is fixedly connected to the measured object via a flange, and the balance fixed connection section is connected to the support via a pin.

[0011] Such an arrangement makes it easy to install and fix the six-component annular wind tunnel balance.

[0012] It is further provided that: the balance cantilever connecting section, the balance front measuring section, the balance resistance measuring section, the balance rear measuring section, and the balance fixed connecting section are an integrated structure and are made of alloy steel material.

[0013] Such arrangement improves the overall structural strength and facilitates installation and use.

[0014] It is further provided that: the overall shape of the balance cantilever connecting section, the balance front measuring section, the balance resistance measuring section, the balance rear measuring section, and the balance fixed connecting section is an axial structure, and the middle hole runs through the whole.

[0015] Such an arrangement makes it easy to install and use in a wind tunnel, thereby improving the convenience of use.

[0016] Further configuration: resistance strain gauges are pasted on the upper and lower sides of each horizontal "gate"-shaped beam of the balance resistance measuring element, and are located at the center of the balance resistance measuring element and along the axial direction. Eight resistance strain gauges form a Wheatstone bridge.

[0017] This setting causes the Wheatstone bridge formed by the attached resistance strain gauge to lose its original balance when measuring force, thereby generating a voltage signal increment. The resistance measurement is completed through the corresponding relationship between the bridge output voltage and the load.

[0018] The application of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance includes a six-component annular wind tunnel balance, a force measuring model is fixed at one end of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance, a supporting device is arranged at the other end of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance, an inner pipe is installed on the inner side of the supporting device, a propeller and a transmission shaft of a transmission system are installed in the inner pipe, the inner pipe passes through the middle hole of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance, and a balance protection cover is arranged on the outer side of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance.

[0019] It is further arranged that: the supporting device is connected to the six-component annular wind tunnel balance through end faces and pins, and the six-component annular wind tunnel balance is connected to the force measurement model through a flange.

[0020] Such an arrangement facilitates the connection and fixation of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance with the force measurement model and the supporting device.

[0021] It is further arranged that the balance protection cover is connected to the six-component annular wind tunnel balance via screws.

[0022] Such arrangement facilitates the installation and fixation of the balance protection cover.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention breaks through the limitations of the traditional rod-type wind tunnel balance structure and can complete the accurate measurement of the lift, side force, drag, pitch moment, yaw moment and roll moment exerted on the model in tests such as ventilation force measurement tests and propeller force measurement tests that require intermediate ventilation or installation of a rotating shaft. It adopts a four-sided symmetrical structure, has good symmetry of force and deformation, strong anti-interference ability, high bending moment bearing capacity and good temperature characteristics, has smaller deformation under the same output conditions, higher strength, and higher measurement accuracy, can improve the quality of wind tunnel tests, and has great engineering application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 It is an axonometric diagram of a six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-sectional structure of a six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure of a six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a CC section right view structural schematic diagram of a six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a DD section right view structural schematic diagram of a six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the pasting position of the strain gauge of the resistance measuring element of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance and the method of assembling the Wheatstone bridge according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 The figure is a typical application assembly diagram of a six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to the present invention.

[0034] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Balance cantilever connection section; 2. Balance front measurement section; 3. Balance resistance measurement section; 4. Balance rear measurement section; 5. Balance fixed connection section; 6. Balance resistance support beam; 7. Balance resistance measurement element; 8. Side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measurement element; 9. Lift and pitch moment measurement element; 10. Force measurement model; 11. Propeller and transmission system; 12. Six-component annular wind tunnel balance; 13. Balance protection cover; 14. Inner pipe; 15. Support device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0037] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 7As shown, a six-component annular wind tunnel balance includes a balance resistance measuring section 3, a balance cantilever connecting section 1 for connecting a force measuring model or component is arranged on one side of the balance resistance measuring section 3, a balance fixed connecting section 5 is arranged on the other side of the balance resistance measuring section 3, a balance front measuring section 2 for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section 3 and the balance cantilever connecting section 1, and a balance rear measuring section 4 for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section 3 and the balance fixed connecting section 5.

[0039] Preferably: the front measuring section 2 of the balance and the rear measuring section 4 of the balance include side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring elements 8, and lift and pitch moment measuring elements 9. The side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring elements 8 are symmetrical in front and back, and the lift and pitch moment measuring elements 9 are symmetrical in top and bottom, and are all four rectangular beams, so that the five component loads can be measured by the side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring elements 8, and the lift and pitch moment measuring elements 9; the balance resistance measuring section 3 is composed of four groups of elements respectively located in the directions of ±45° and ±135° of the central axis, and each group of elements is composed of a balance resistance support beam 6 and a balance resistance measuring element 7 on both sides. The balance resistance support beam 6 is composed of six rectangular beams, which are symmetrical to the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12. The balance resistance measuring element 7 is composed of a horizontal "gate" beam. The middle position of the four horizontal "gate" beams coincides with the center of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12, and the opening directions of adjacent horizontal "gate" beams are opposite, that is, the opening directions of two relative beams are forward, and the opening directions of the other two relative beams are backward. The symmetry is high, and on the one hand, the stiffness between the front measuring section 2 of the balance, the rear measuring section 4 of the balance and the resistance measuring section 3 of the balance can be balanced, so that when the balance is subjected to lift, side force, pitch moment, yaw moment and roll moment, the deformation degree of each measuring element is consistent, and The balance has a higher bending rigidity, which can reduce the overall deformation of the balance, improve the balance strength and measurement accuracy, and on the other hand, the balance resistance measurement has a good ability to resist interference from other loads; the balance cantilever connecting section 1 is fixed to the measured object through a flange, and the balance fixed connecting section 5 is connected to the support through a pin, which is convenient for installing and fixing the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12; the balance cantilever connecting section 1, the balance front measurement section 2, the balance resistance measurement section 3, the balance rear measurement section 4, and the balance fixed connecting section 5 are an integrated structure and are made of alloy steel material, which improves the overall structural strength and is easy to install and use; the balance cantilever connecting section 1, the balance front measurement section 2, the balance resistance measurement section 3, the balance rear measurement section 4, and the balance fixed connecting section 5 are an integrated structure and are made of alloy steel material, which improves the overall structural strength and is easy to install and use; the balance cantilever connecting section 1, the balance front measurement The overall shape of section 2, balance resistance measurement section 3, balance rear measurement section 4, and balance fixed connection section 5 is an axial structure, and the middle hole runs through the whole, which is convenient for installation and use in the wind tunnel, and improves the convenience of use; each horizontal "door"-shaped beam of the balance resistance measurement element 7 is pasted with resistance strain gauges on the upper and lower sides, and is located at the center of the balance resistance measurement element 7, along the axis direction, and 8 resistance strain gauges form a Wheatstone bridge, so that the Wheatstone bridge formed by the pasted resistance strain gauges loses its original balance when the balance measures force, thereby generating a voltage signal increment, and the resistance measurement is completed through the corresponding relationship between the bridge output voltage and the load.

[0040] like Figure 8As shown, the six-component annular wind tunnel balance is applied, including a six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12, a force measuring model 10 is fixed at one end of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12, a supporting device 15 is arranged at the other end of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12, an inner pipe 14 is installed inside the supporting device 15, a propeller and a transmission shaft of a transmission system 11 are installed inside the inner pipe 14, the inner pipe 14 passes through the middle hole of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12, and a balance protection cover 13 is arranged outside the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12; the supporting device 15 is fixedly connected to the balance of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12 Segment 5 is connected by end face and pin shaft. Except for the balance fixed connection section 5, the other parts of the balance have a gap of not less than 2 mm with the inner pipe 14. The six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12 and the force measuring model 10 are connected by a flange, which is convenient for the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12 to be connected and fixed to the force measuring model 10 and the supporting device 15; the balance protection cover 13 and the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12 are connected by screws. After the installation is completed, except for the balance cantilever connection section 1, the maximum outer diameter of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance 12 is consistent with the supporting device 15, which is convenient for the installation and fixation of the balance protection cover 13.

[0041] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: in a wind tunnel experiment, the aerodynamic force on the force measuring object is transmitted to the front measuring section 2, the resistance measuring section 3 and the rear measuring section 4 of the balance through the cantilever connecting section 1 of the balance, so that the resistance measuring element 7, the lateral force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring element 8 and the lift and pitch moment measuring element 9 of the balance are deformed, and the Wheatstone bridge pasted on the surface of the resistance measuring element 7, the lateral force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring element 8 and the lift and pitch moment measuring element 9 loses its original balance, thereby generating a voltage signal increment, and the resistance measurement is completed through the corresponding relationship between the output voltage of the bridge and the load received; through four groups of resistance measuring elements respectively located at the directions of ±45° and ±135° around the central axis, the symmetry is high, and the opening directions of adjacent resistance measuring elements are required to be opposite, so as to balance the front measuring section 2 and the balance on the one hand. The stiffness between the rear measuring section 4 and the balance resistance measuring section 3 ensures that the deformation degree of each measuring element is consistent when the balance is subjected to lift, lateral force, pitching moment, yaw moment and rolling moment, and the balance has higher bending stiffness, which can reduce the overall deformation of the balance and improve the balance strength and measurement accuracy; on the other hand, the balance resistance measurement has a good ability to resist interference from other loads: when subjected to resistance, the deformations of adjacent resistance measurement beams are opposite, and when subjected to lift, lateral force, pitching moment, yaw moment and rolling moment, the deformations of the four resistance measurement beams are either opposite up and down, opposite left and right, or completely consistent, and can all be balanced by the Wheatstone bridge in the present invention without generating interference output; in addition, since the balance has more measuring elements and the balance resistance strain gauge has a large pasting space, the resistance output can be increased by pasting more strain gauges and increasing the supply voltage.

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. A six-component annular wind tunnel balance, characterized in that: The invention comprises a balance resistance measuring section (3), wherein a balance cantilever connecting section (1) for connecting a force measuring model or component is arranged on one side of the balance resistance measuring section (3), a balance fixed connecting section (5) is arranged on the other side of the balance resistance measuring section (3), a balance front measuring section (2) for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section (3) and the balance cantilever connecting section (1), and a balance rear measuring section (4) for force measurement is arranged between the balance resistance measuring section (3) and the balance fixed connecting section (5); The front measuring section (2) and the rear measuring section (4) of the balance comprise side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring elements (8) and lift and pitch moment measuring elements (9); the side force, yaw moment and rolling moment measuring elements (8) are symmetrical in front and back, and the lift and pitch moment measuring elements (9) are symmetrical in top and bottom, and are all four rectangular beams; The balance resistance measurement section (3) is composed of four groups of elements respectively located at the directions of ±45° and ±135° of the central axis, each group of elements is composed of a balance resistance support beam (6) and a balance resistance measurement element (7) on both sides, the balance resistance support beam (6) is composed of six rectangular beams, symmetrical to the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12), the balance resistance measurement element (7) is composed of a horizontal "gate" type beam, the middle position of the four horizontal "gate" type beams coincides with the center of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12), and the opening directions of adjacent horizontal "gate" type beams are opposite, that is, the opening directions of two relative beams are forward, and the opening directions of the other two relative beams are backward; Each horizontal "gate"-shaped beam of the balance resistance measuring element (7) is pasted with resistance strain gauges on the upper and lower sides and located at the center of the balance resistance measuring element (7) and along the axis direction. The eight resistance strain gauges form a Wheatstone bridge.

2. A six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance cantilever connection section (1) is fixedly connected to the measured object via a flange, and the balance fixed connection section (5) is connected to the support via a pin.

3. A six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance cantilever connection section (1), the balance front measurement section (2), the balance resistance measurement section (3), the balance rear measurement section (4), and the balance fixed connection section (5) are an integrated structure and are made of alloy steel material.

4. A six-component annular wind tunnel balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall appearance of the balance cantilever connection section (1), the balance front measurement section (2), the balance resistance measurement section (3), the balance rear measurement section (4), and the balance fixed connection section (5) is an axial structure, and the middle hole runs through the whole.

5. A measuring device using the six-component ring-type wind tunnel balance according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises a six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12), wherein a force measuring model (10) is fixed at one end of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12), and a supporting device (15) is arranged at the other end of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12). An inner pipe (14) is installed inside the supporting device (15), and a propeller and a transmission shaft of a transmission system (11) are installed inside the inner pipe (14). The inner pipe (14) passes through a middle hole of the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12), and a balance protection cover (13) is arranged outside the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12).

6. The measuring device using a six-component ring-type wind tunnel balance according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The support device (15) is connected to the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12) via end faces and pins, and the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12) is connected to the force measurement model (10) via a flange.

7. The measuring device using a six-component ring-type wind tunnel balance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The balance protection cover (13) is connected to the six-component annular wind tunnel balance (12) via screws.

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