Device and installation method for simulating large deformation of lower bridge structure under lateral load

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and particularly relates to a device and an installation method for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads, which are applicable to bridge maintenance, static pile pressing, foundation settlement, power maintenance, heavy object lifting, bridge and ship building, and are particularly used in highway and railway construction, mechanical alignment, equipment disassembly, etc. The device includes: a first jack, a second jack, and a temporary support device. The end of the jack rod of the first jack is connected to a convex spherical surface element; the end of the jack rod of the second jack is connected to a concave spherical surface element. The central axes of the first jack and the second jack are on the same straight line and they are oppositely jacked against each other. The convex spherical surface element and the concave spherical surface element are adaptively connected to each other; each jacking operation point can be continuously loaded, can adapt to the angular changes at both ends, each point can lock the jacking displacement, can be installed in place at one time, and can make full use of existing equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and particularly to a device and an installation method for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads, which are applicable to bridge maintenance, static pile pressing, foundation settlement, power maintenance, heavy object lifting, bridge and ship building, and are especially used in highway and railway construction, mechanical alignment, equipment disassembly, etc. Background Art

[0002] Currently, when the maximum jacking displacement is greater than the maximum stroke of the existing electric hydraulic jack, the single existing electric hydraulic jack cannot meet the requirement of continuous loading. Usually, cushion blocks are applied or specially made electric hydraulic jacks that meet the needs are used. The former cannot achieve continuous loading beyond the stroke, and the automatic pressure relief of individual jacks causes an increase in local stress of the structure; the latter has a high material cost and the jacks will be idle for a long time after jacking, resulting in waste of resources.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background art of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of implication that this information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads, which includes:

[0007] A first jack, the end of the jack rod of the first jack is connected with a convex spherical element;

[0008] A second jack, the end of the jack rod of the second jack is connected with a concave spherical element. The central axes of the first jack and the second jack are on the same straight line and they are opposed to each other, and the convex spherical element is adaptively connected with the concave spherical element;

[0009] A temporary support device, including a stud, a bushing and a nut;

[0010] A first base, a channel steel is connected to the upper part of the first base, the first jack is installed on the channel steel of the first base, a stud is hinged to the lower part of the first base, and a nut is arranged on the stud;

[0011] The second base, the second base and the first base are oppositely arranged on two mounting surfaces of the element to be tested. A channel steel is connected to the upper part of the second base. The second jack is installed on the channel steel of the second base. A bushing is hinged to the lower part of the second base. The stud can be movably sleeved in the bushing.

[0012] As a further technical solution, a hinge seat is arranged at the lower part of the first base. The end of the stud is hinged to the hinge seat through a pin shaft.

[0013] As a further technical solution, a hinge seat is arranged at the lower part of the second base. The end of the bushing is hinged to the hinge seat through a pin shaft.

[0014] As a further technical solution, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the first base. The mounting holes are connected to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through an anchoring assembly.

[0015] As a further technical solution, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the second base. The mounting holes are connected to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through an anchoring assembly.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an installation method of the device for simulating large deformation of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral load according to the above, which includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Machining of the spherical mating structure

[0018] The spherical mating structure includes: a concave spherical element and a convex spherical element. The convex surface and the concave surface of the machined spherical mating structure can ensure fitting.

[0019] S2. Fixing the channel steel

[0020] Determine the positions of the first jack on the first base and the second jack on the second base, and weld the channel steels to the outer cylinders of the first jack and the second jack respectively.

[0021] S3. Installing the temporary support device

[0022] Hinge the end of the stud to the hinge seat of the first base through a pin shaft, and hinge the end of the bushing to the hinge seat of the second base through a pin shaft. At the same time, make the stud pass through the bushing.

[0023] S4. Installing the element to be tested

[0024] Connect the first base and the second base to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through the anchoring assembly respectively. The anchoring holes of the element to be tested are 3-5 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor rod of the anchoring assembly to be suitable for position correction.

[0025] As a further technical solution, the installation method includes the following steps:

[0026] S5. System debugging

[0027] During the trial jacking, gradually apply pressure. The jacking stroke is 3 mm. If the jack deforms during the pressure application process, immediately stop applying pressure. Only after adding a new jack can the operation continue.

[0028] Adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1). In the present invention, the central axes of the first jack and the second jack are on the same straight line and they push against each other in opposite directions. Each jacking operation point can be continuously loaded and double pressure maintenance can be achieved.

[0030] 2). In the present invention, by connecting the convex spherical element and the concave spherical element, it can adapt to the angular changes at both ends, ensure stable force on the contact surfaces on both sides, and meet the angular requirements.

[0031] 3). The present invention is equipped with a temporary support device to ensure that the jacking displacement can be locked at each point and prevent the phenomenon of back-movement. Both ends of the temporary support device are fixed to the contact surface and displace simultaneously with the start of jacking by the jack. When the displacement reaches the jacking requirement, rotate the nut to fit with the bushing to lock the displacement size.

[0032] 4). The jacking equipment of the present invention is installed in place at one time without adding other components, preventing local force voids caused by local jack unloading during the installation of pads, resulting in local back-movement and affecting the test data.

[0033] 5). The present invention makes full use of the advantages of existing equipment and reliable installation technology. The device has the advantages of reasonable structure, reasonable economy, convenient and reliable installation, etc., and is a promising method for loading and jacking with an electric hydraulic jack. Description of the drawings

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the device for simulating large deformation of the lower bridge structure under lateral load provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the device for simulating large deformation of the lower bridge structure under lateral load provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the comprehensive test system provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Icons: 1 - First base; 2 - Anchoring assembly; 3 - First jack; 4 - Convex spherical element; 5 - Concave spherical element; 6 - Temporary support device; 7 - Channel steel; 8 - Hinge seat; 9 - Pin shaft; 10 - Nut; 11 - Stud; 12 - Bush; 13 - Second jack; 14 - Second base; 101 - Bored pile; 102 - Bridge cap; 103 - Anti-slide pile; 104 - Concrete wall; 105 - Jack; 106 - Loading wall. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] The following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed implementation manners described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] Combined with Figures 1 to 2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads, which includes: a first jack 3, a second jack 13, a first base 1, and a second base 14; the end of the rod of the first jack 3 is connected to a convex spherical element 4; the end of the rod of the second jack 13 is connected to a concave spherical element 5. The central axes of the first jack 3 and the second jack 13 are on the same straight line and they are opposed to each other. The convex spherical element 4 and the concave spherical element 5 are fitted and connected to each other; a temporary support device 6, which includes a stud 11, a bushing 12, and a nut 10; a channel steel 7 is connected to the upper part of the first base 1, the first jack 3 is installed on the channel steel 7 of the first base 1, a stud 11 is hinged to the lower part of the first base 1, and a nut 10 is arranged on the stud 11; the second base 14 and the first base 1 are oppositely arranged on two installation surfaces of the element to be tested. A channel steel 7 is connected to the upper part of the second base 14, the second jack 13 is installed on the channel steel 7 of the second base 14, a bushing 12 is hinged to the lower part of the second base 14, and the stud 11 is movably sleeved in the bushing 12. This embodiment solves the problems that the maximum single stroke of the existing electric hydraulic jack cannot meet continuous loading and automatic pressure relief causes uneven structural stress, and has a simple structure, low cost, and can be reused.

[0045] In this embodiment, each jacking operation point can be continuously loaded and achieve double pressure holding.

[0046] In this embodiment, the central axes of the first jack 3 and the second jack 13 are on the same straight line and they are opposed to each other. They are connected through the convex spherical element 4 and the concave spherical element 5, which also enables the force exerted by the jacks to be transmitted better.

[0047] In this embodiment, due to the provision of the temporary support device 6, it is ensured that the jacking displacement can be locked at each point, avoiding the phenomenon of back-movement. Both ends of the temporary support device 6 are fixed to the contact surface and displace simultaneously with the start of jacking by the two jacks. When the displacement reaches the jacking requirement, the nut 10 is rotated to fit with the bushing 12, and the displacement size can be locked.

[0048] In this embodiment, a spherical mating structure composed of convex and concave spherical elements 4 is arranged at each jacking point to adapt to the angular changes at both ends, ensuring stable force on the contact bodies on both sides and meeting the angular requirements.

[0049] In this embodiment, the jacking equipment is installed in place at one time without additional components. This prevents local force voids and local back-movement caused by local jack unloading during the installation of pads, which may affect the test data.

[0050] This embodiment makes full use of existing equipment and saves some material costs. If customized jacks are used, the material cost is high, and these jacks may be idle for a long time after the jacking is completed, resulting in waste of resources.

[0051] In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, a hinge seat 8 is provided at the lower part of the first base 1, and the end of the stud 11 is hinged to the hinge seat 8 through a pin shaft 9.

[0052] In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, a hinge seat 8 is provided at the lower part of the second base 14, and the end of the bushing 12 is hinged to the hinge seat 8 through a pin shaft 9.

[0053] In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the first base 1, and the mounting holes are connected to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through the anchoring assembly 2.

[0054] In this embodiment, as a further technical solution, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the second base 14, and the mounting holes are connected to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through the anchoring assembly 2.

[0055] Embodiment Two

[0056] This embodiment provides an installation method for the device for simulating large deformation of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral load according to the above, which includes the following steps:

[0057] S1. Machining of the spherical mating structure

[0058] The spherical mating structure includes: a concave spherical element 5 and a convex spherical element 4. The convex surface and the concave surface of the machined spherical mating structure can ensure a good fit, so as to adapt to the angular changes at both ends, ensure the stable force of the two contact bodies on both sides, and avoid a certain misalignment of the two elements due to too small a contact surface.

[0059] S2. Fixing the channel steel 7

[0060] Determine the positions of the first jack 3 on the first base 1 and the second jack 13 on the second base 14, weld the channel steel 7 to the first jack 3 and the second jack 13 respectively, and weld the channel steel 7 to the side where the jacks will move relatively to prevent the relative movement of the jacks. The specification of the channel steel 7 should be selected according to the specification of the jacks to avoid being unable to fix the jacks stably;

[0061] S3. Installing the temporary support device 6

[0062] Hinge the end of the stud 11 to the hinge seat 8 of the first base 1 through the pin shaft 9, and hinge the end of the bushing 12 to the hinge seat 8 of the second base 14 through the pin shaft 9. At the same time, pass the stud 11 through the bushing 12 to ensure that the temporary support device 66 can rotate to meet the working corner requirements;

[0063] S4. Install the components to be tested

[0064] After the positions are determined, install each experimental component in sequence. The experimental components should be installed firmly and correctly without omission. Connect the first base 1 and the second base 14 to the anchor holes on the installation surface of the component to be tested through the anchor assembly 2 respectively. To reduce the influence of the anchor position on the coaxiality of each component, the anchor holes of the component to be tested are 3-5 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor rod of the anchor assembly 2 to be suitable for position correction.

[0065] As a further technical solution, the installation method includes the following steps:

[0066] S5. System debugging

[0067] During the trial jacking, gradually apply pressure with a jacking stroke of 3 mm. If the jack deforms during the pressure application process, immediately stop applying pressure. Only after adding a new jack can the operation continue.

[0068] In summary, adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0069] 1). In the present invention, the central axes of the first jack 3 and the second jack 13 are on the same straight line and they are jacking against each other in the opposite direction. Each jacking operation point can be continuously loaded and double pressure holding is achieved.

[0070] 2). In the present invention, by connecting the convex spherical element 4 and the concave spherical element 5, the corner changes at both ends can be adapted, ensuring stable force on the contact surfaces on both sides and meeting the corner requirements.

[0071] 3). The present invention is equipped with a temporary support device 6 to ensure that the jacking displacement can be locked at each point and prevent the phenomenon of back movement. Both ends of the temporary support device 6 are fixed to the contact surface and displace simultaneously with the start of jacking by the jack. When the displacement reaches the jacking requirement, rotate the nut 10 to fit with the bushing 12 to lock the displacement size.

[0072] 4). In the present invention, the jacking equipment is installed in place at one time without adding other components, preventing local force disengagement and local back movement caused by local jack unloading during the addition of pads, which affects the test data.

[0073] 5). The present invention makes full use of the advantages of existing equipment and reliable installation technology. The device has the advantages of reasonable structure, reasonable economy, convenient and reliable installation, etc., and is a promising electric hydraulic jack loading and jacking method.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This embodiment provides a comprehensive test system that applies the device in Example 1 to simulate the large deformation of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads. In view of the problem that current railway design still conducts design by specialty in the face of complex geological conditions, resulting in the design of structures in the interaction combination system of landslide - anti - slide pile - bridge structure mostly relying on experience and lacking theoretical basis, and there is a possibility that the stress and deformation of the designed structure exceed the limit, and there are inevitable deficiencies in single research methods. To address these problems, this project has carried out comprehensive experimental research including numerical calculation, theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, and full - scale field tests. The main experimental ideas include the following steps:

[0076] First, select a suitable test site and conduct in - depth geomechanical analysis on the site

[0077] Select a suitable site to determine the main axis section (i.e., the prototype section), further determine the test section in combination with the actual situation of the site, conduct basic geomechanical analysis on the section, determine the most unfavorable slip surface, and analyze the current stability state of the slope body.

[0078] Second, design the test system at the selected site and optimize the design of the components of the test system

[0079] Comprehensively develop a test system for the landslide - anti - slide pile - bridge structure combination system, construct a full - scale field test system composed of three subsystems: a model structure system, a large - tonnage servo jack loading system, and a multi - functional comprehensive testing system, and optimize the technology and economy of multiple technical links of each subsystem to achieve the purpose of meeting the test requirements while reducing cost expenditure.

[0080] Third, design the loading test conditions

[0081] Extract the displacements at the depth of the loading wall corresponding to the anti - slide pile under each unfavorable condition as the displacement values for the jack to push the loading wall, so as to simulate each condition of the prototype section.

[0082] Fourth, conduct in - depth research and analysis on the interaction mechanism of the landslide - anti - slide pile - bridge structure combination system. Through the acquisition, processing, and analysis of on - site test data, conduct in - depth analysis on the interaction mechanism among the landslide, anti - slide pile, and bridge structure.

[0083] Fifth, design optimization suggestions and engineering countermeasures

[0084] Put forward guiding suggestions from three aspects: route selection, design optimization of subgrade retaining and reinforcement structures, and bridge structure design, and propose appropriate engineering countermeasures for existing or under - construction projects.

[0085] The overall scheme design of this embodiment is as follows:

[0086] Combined with Figure 3 As shown, the structure of this comprehensive test system mainly includes: bridge cap 102, bored pile 101, loading wall 106 (force transfer optimized loading structure), and anti-slide pile 103; a concrete wall 104 is arranged between three anti-slide piles 103; the loading wall 106 is located between the middle anti-slide pile 103 and the bridge cap 102; the loading wall 106 is connected to the middle anti-slide pile 103 through a plurality of jacks 105, and the loading wall 106 is pushed by the jacks 105. The jacks 105 in this embodiment can adopt the device for simulating large deformation of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral load in the first embodiment. This embodiment solves the problem that the maximum single stroke of the existing electro-hydraulic jack cannot meet continuous loading and automatic pressure relief causes uneven structural stress, and has a simple structure, low cost, and can be reused.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads, Characterized in that, Comprising: A first jack, the end of the rod of the first jack is connected to a convex spherical element; A second jack, the end of the rod of the second jack is connected to a concave spherical element, the central axes of the first jack and the second jack are on the same straight line and they are oppositely jacked against each other, and the convex spherical element and the concave spherical element are adaptively connected to each other; A temporary support device, including a stud, a bushing and a nut; A first base, a channel steel is connected to the upper part of the first base, the first jack is installed on the channel steel of the first base, a stud is hinged to the lower part of the first base, and a nut is arranged on the stud; A second base, the second base and the first base are oppositely arranged on two mounting surfaces of the element to be tested, a channel steel is connected to the upper part of the second base, the second jack is installed on the channel steel of the second base, a bushing is hinged to the lower part of the second base, and the stud is movably sleeved in the bushing.

2. The device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads according to claim 1, Characterized in that, A hinge seat is arranged at the lower part of the first base, and the end of the stud is hinged to the hinge seat through a pin shaft.

3. The device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads according to claim 1, Characterized in that, A hinge seat is arranged at the lower part of the second base, and the end of the bushing is hinged to the hinge seat through a pin shaft.

4. The device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads according to claim 1, Characterized in that, A plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the first base, and the mounting holes are connected to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through an anchoring assembly.

5. The device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads according to claim 1, Characterized in that, A plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the second base, and the mounting holes are connected to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through an anchoring assembly.

6. An installation method of the device for simulating large deformations of the lower structure of a bridge under lateral loads according to any one of claims 1 to 5, Characterized in that, Comprising the following steps: S1. Processing of the spherical mating structure The spherical mating structure includes: a concave spherical element and a convex spherical element, and the convex surface and the concave surface of the processed spherical mating structure can ensure a good fit; S2. Fixing the channel steel Determine the positions of the first jack on the first base and the second jack on the second base, and weld the channel steels to the outer cylinders of the first jack and the second jack respectively; S3. Installing the temporary support device Hinge the end of the stud to the hinge seat of the first base through a pin shaft, hinge the end of the bushing to the hinge seat of the second base through a pin shaft, and at the same time, make the stud pass through and sleeve in the bushing; S4. Installing the element to be tested Connect the first base and the second base to the anchoring holes on the mounting surface of the element to be tested through an anchoring assembly respectively. The anchoring holes of the element to be tested are 3-5 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor rod of the anchoring assembly to be suitable for position correction.

7. The installation method according to claim 6, Characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S5. System debugging During the trial jacking, gradually apply pressure with a jacking stroke of 3 mm. If the jack deforms during the pressure application process, immediately stop applying pressure. Only after adding new jacks can the operation continue.

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