Groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on gas drive principle

Abstract

The invention discloses a groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on the gas drive principle. A monitoring well is divided into multiple aquifers by a packer. The stratified sampling device in each aquifer comprises a first flow guide pipe, a first tee, a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve, a first downhole gas drive mechanism, a first pressure relief valve, a first pneumatic quick-plug connector, a second pneumatic quick-plug connector, a third pneumatic quick-plug connector, a first downhole flow storage container and a second filtering and dialysis component. The invention can realize one-stop groundwater sampling of different depths and different aquifers; the gas drive operation ensures high fidelity and representativeness of groundwater samples during the sampling process; two pipelines in a single layer are reduced to one pipeline, and the rated number of sampling layers of the groundwater stratified sampling device is doubled under the same conditions; and the integration capability of the downhole monitoring module is improved by reducing the number of pipelines and the occupied space in the wellbore, thereby providing a physical space and technical basis for the integrated downhole monitoring module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogeology, and in particular relates to a groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on the gas drive principle. Background Art

[0002] Groundwater is an important basic resource for natural ecosystems and human survival, and is an important factor related to the evolution of the earth system and the survival of surface organisms. With the rapid economic development and the continuous increase in human activities, my country's groundwater environment has suffered increasingly serious consumption and damage, such as over-exploitation of groundwater resources (in the past decade, my country's annual groundwater extraction has continued to exceed 100 billion cubic meters) and groundwater quality pollution and degradation.

[0003] The exploration and protection of groundwater resources cannot be separated from groundwater sampling technology. The serious consumption of groundwater resources has had a significant impact on my country's national economy and people's quality of life. In order to protect the water rights and interests of the Chinese people and the healthy development of the natural ecological environment, groundwater protection is of vital importance. Groundwater sampling and monitoring are important data sources for groundwater resource evaluation. After years of development, my country's groundwater monitoring work has established a national, provincial and local three-level groundwater monitoring network, achieved basic coverage of important monitoring areas, and launched a new round of land and resources surveys. Groundwater monitoring requirements have gradually shifted from traditional groundwater resource quantity evaluation to a comprehensive evaluation of groundwater quality and underground environmental carrying capacity. In other words, in addition to the original groundwater level, water temperature and water volume, groundwater monitoring indicators pay more attention to groundwater quality. However, groundwater sampling equipment for groundwater quality has limited support in my country's geological survey work, such as sampling of machine-civilian wells for surface surveys and high-precision fixed-depth sampling of long-term observation holes. It is necessary to further develop new groundwater stratified sampling technologies to provide practical and efficient equipment support to improve the field sampling accuracy of hydrogeological surveys.

[0004] Groundwater environmental protection and ecological restoration are inseparable from groundwater sampling technology. Groundwater monitoring is one of the most basic tasks of groundwater environmental protection. Human activities have caused increasingly serious groundwater pollution, such as landfill leachate infiltration, underground discharge or leakage of pollution sources in industrial parks, and pollution from agricultural activities, which have caused pollution sources to infiltrate into shallow groundwater and spread horizontally and vertically to a larger impact area, from point-like on the surface to three-dimensional cone-like underground, from line-like to strip-like, at different depths of the stratum and at different distances from the ground pollution source, causing different degrees of groundwater quality pollution. The successive promulgation of the Ten Articles on Soil and Water has shown the government's concern for the underground environment and the great improvement of the public's environmental awareness, which has brought about an increase in the demand for underground pollution monitoring and control technology by regulatory departments and the industrial market. Among them, a large part of the underground environmental pollution problems come from surface leakage and infiltration and shallow surface engineering injection activities, especially posing a threat to the underground aquifer closest to the surface. However, similar products on the market cannot meet the needs of development in this direction and need further development.

[0005] Basic scientific research such as water cycle, hydrogeological refinement, shallow surface critical zone research, etc. cannot be separated from new groundwater stratified sampling monitoring technology. Groundwater sampling can provide a large amount of hydrogeological, physical parameters, geochemical information and microbiological information about the strata by cooperating with relevant testing technologies. It is one of the monitoring methods with important guiding significance for water resource exploration, water source protection, major underground engineering development and ecological environment protection.

[0006] A series of research and development of groundwater stratified sampling technology has been carried out at home and abroad. The invention patents "A gas-driven underground fluid stratified sampling device" (103967486B) and "Underground fluid stratified sampling device and method based on U-tube technology (105298490B)" provide groundwater stratified sampling technology based on the U-tube principle, and have developed three series of shallow (30m), medium (200m), and deep (2000m) groundwater U-tube stratified sampling devices. The invention patent "A tube-in-tube underground fluid stratified sampling device" and the utility model patent "A groundwater stratified monitoring well suitable for multiple aquifers" (208350783U) provide gas-driven groundwater stratified sampling technology based on the tube-in-tube principle. Compared with the U-tube technology, the number of groundwater stratified sampling layers has doubled under the original conditions. However, the above two groundwater U-tube stratified sampling technologies based on the gas drive principle and the groundwater pipe-in-pipe stratified sampling technology still have some technical difficulties to be overcome. The narrow space underground needs to be improved and expanded with new working principles and structural designs. The integration capability of underground equipment needs to be further improved. Under the conditions of the same wellbore diameter, the number of monitoring layers needs to be further increased. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on the gas drive principle to address the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, which is suitable for groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling in the fields of hydrogeological survey and ecological environment monitoring.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on the gas drive principle includes a packer, a monitoring well is divided into multiple aquifers by the packer, and a stratified sampling device is arranged in each aquifer. The stratified sampling device includes a first flow guide pipe, a first tee, a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve, a first downhole gas drive mechanism, a first pressure relief valve, a first pneumatic quick-plug connector, a second pneumatic quick-plug connector, a third pneumatic quick-plug connector, a first downhole flow storage container and a first filtering and dialysis component.

[0010] The first filtering dialysis component is connected to the third pneumatic quick-connect connector arranged at the bottom of the first downhole flow storage container through the third check valve, the first downhole flow storage container is provided with a first pneumatic quick-connect connector and a second pneumatic quick-connect connector on the upper part, the first pneumatic quick-connect connector is connected to one end of the first pressure relief valve, the second pneumatic quick-connect connector is connected to one end of the first check valve, the other end of the first check valve is connected to the first three-way connector, the other end of the first pressure relief valve is connected to the first three-way connector through the first downhole air drive mechanism and the second check valve in sequence, the first three-way connector is also connected to one end of the first guide tube, the other end of the first guide tube extends to the ground and is respectively connected to the relay device and the corresponding sampling bottle, the relay device is connected to the pulse pressure pump, and a ball valve is provided on the branch connecting the first guide tube and the sampling bottle.

[0011] The third check valve as described above is unidirectional from the first filter dialysis assembly to the third pneumatic quick-connect connector; the first check valve is unidirectional from the second pneumatic quick-connect connector to the first three-way connector; the second check valve is unidirectional from the first three-way connector to the first downhole gas drive mechanism.

[0012] As described above, a wellbore is arranged at the upper part of the monitoring well, and the wellbore penetrates the aeration zone.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The invention has a novel structural design and can realize in-situ weak disturbance stratified sampling of groundwater. The groundwater U-tube stratified sampling technology and the groundwater pipe-in-pipe stratified sampling technology based on previous work have been greatly improved. The advantages are as follows:

[0015] 1. Single-tube multi-layer stratified sampling of groundwater can realize one-stop groundwater sampling in different aquifers and different depths of the same aquifer;

[0016] 2. Water samples are representative. The structural design based on the air-driven working principle ensures high fidelity and representativeness of groundwater samples during the sampling process. For example, passive filtration and dialysis technology in underground groundwater wells can be used to reduce the interference of sampling rate on the formation, and the sampling disturbance is small;

[0017] 3. It can realize automated and intelligent groundwater stratified sampling. The gas-driven pressure source replaces the original nitrogen cylinder with a pulse booster pump, and realizes pulse-type precise control through fixed pressure value injection, providing a technical basis for remote automation and intelligence of groundwater stratified sampling;

[0018] 4. The downhole integration capability of the device is further improved. Compared with the groundwater U-tube stratified sampling technology, the single-layer 2 pipelines are reduced to 1 pipeline, and the rated sampling layers of the groundwater stratified sampling device are doubled under the same conditions. By reducing the number of pipelines and occupied space in the wellbore, the integration capability of the downhole monitoring module is improved, thus providing the physical space and technical basis for the integrated downhole monitoring module.

[0019] The present invention is mainly suitable for groundwater investigation and monitoring in the field of geological exploration, and is applicable to the "Regional Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network Design Specifications" DZ / T0308-2004 promulgated by the Ministry of Natural Resources, especially involving multiple aquifers; It is suitable for groundwater investigation and monitoring in contaminated sites, and is applicable to groundwater environment monitoring wells specified in the "Technical Specifications for Groundwater Environment Monitoring" HJ166-2020 (Draft for Comments) promulgated by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, especially for monitoring near-surface loose porous water aquifers with strong pollution influence from human activities, and three-dimensional layered monitoring of groundwater pollutants (such as LNAPL, DNAPL) with different densities distributed vertically along the strata to characterize the three-dimensional spatial and temporal distribution and migration and diffusion tracking of pollutants in groundwater. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of a single-tube pulse stratified sampling device for groundwater based on the gas drive principle.

[0021] Figure 2 The schematic diagram is a schematic diagram of a groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on the gas drive principle suitable for isolating two independent aquifers in geological exploration.

[0022] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the principle of a single-tube pulse stratified sampling device for groundwater based on the gas drive principle, which is suitable for ecological and environmental monitoring and divides the same aquifer into three layers.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection of the first flow guide pipe, the second flow guide pipe and the third flow guide pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the implementation examples described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] The groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on the gas drive principle includes:

[0027] 1. Pulse booster pump; (mature product, available on the market);

[0028] 2. Relay device; (filled with inert gas for displacement sampling, such as nitrogen);

[0029] 3. Sampling bottle; (standard sampling bottle 50ml or 1L, purchased on the market);

[0030] 4a. The first flow guide tube; (1 / 8 stainless steel tube, 1 / 8 polyurethane hose or 4mm air hose, or 6mm air hose, etc., available on the market);

[0031] 5.1a, first three-way connection; (PU start quick-connect connector, purchased on the market);

[0032] 6.1a, first check valve, 6.2a, second check valve, 6.3a, third check valve; (one-way conduction only, reverse closing, purchased on the market);

[0033] 7a, the first downhole gas drive mechanism;

[0034] 8a. The first pressure relief valve; (it starts to release pressure after exceeding the set starting pressure value, and can be purchased on the market);

[0035] 9.1a, first pneumatic quick-connect fitting, 9.2a, second pneumatic quick-connect fitting, 9.3a, third pneumatic quick-connect fitting; (thread-to-pneumatic quick-connect fitting, the size is selected according to the diameter of the guide tube, and can be purchased on the market);

[0036] 10a, the first downhole fluid storage container; (the sampling volume depends on the user's requirements, 50ml or 1L);

[0037] 11a. First filtering and dialysis component; (filtering the sediment particles in the groundwater);

[0038] 12. Wellbore; (geological exploration well, exploration and production well, or hydrogeological monitoring well, including the well platform on the ground and the wellbore with protective wall in the underground loose layer);

[0039] Packer (air bag packer, or mechanical packer, used for water-stop sealing, purchased on the market or customized).

[0040] The monitoring well is divided into multiple aquifers by a packer, and a stratified sampling device is arranged in each aquifer, which includes a first flow guide pipe 4a, a first tee 5.1a, a first check valve 6.1a, a second check valve 6.2a, a first downhole air drive mechanism 7a, a first pressure relief valve 8a, a first pneumatic quick connector 9.1a, a second pneumatic quick connector 9.2a, a first downhole fluid storage container 10a, a third check valve 6.3a, a third pneumatic quick connector 9.3a, and a first filtration dialysis component 11a.

[0041] From bottom to top, the first filtration and dialysis assembly 11a is connected to the third pneumatic quick-connect fitting 9.3a provided at the bottom of the first downhole flow storage container 10a through the third check valve 6.3a (the third check valve is unidirectional from the filtration and dialysis assembly 11 to the third pneumatic quick-connect fitting 9.3a), and the formed effective functional module performs filtration and dialysis isolation on turbid particles and most microorganisms in groundwater. The left side of the upper part of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is connected to one end of the pressure relief valve 8 through the first pneumatic quick-connect fitting 9.1a, and the right side of the upper part of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is connected to one end of the first check valve 6.1a through the second pneumatic quick-connect fitting 9.2a, and the other end of the first check valve 6.1a is connected to the first three-way 5.1a (the first check valve 6.1a is unidirectional from the second pneumatic quick-connect fitting 9.2a to the first three-way 5.1). Among them, the other end of the first pressure relief valve 8a is connected to the first three-way 5.1a through the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a and the second check valve 6.2a in sequence, and the second check valve 6.2a is unidirectionally conducted from the first three-way 5.1a to the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a. The first three-way 5.1a is also connected to one end of the first flow guide pipe 4a, and the other end of the first flow guide pipe 4a extends through the wellbore 12 to the ground and is respectively connected to the relay device 2 and the corresponding sampling bottle 3, the relay device 2 is connected to the pulse booster pump 1, and a ball valve is provided on the branch connecting the flow guide pipe 4 and the sampling bottle 3, and the ball valve is used to control the opening and closing of the connecting branch between the flow guide pipe 4 and the sampling bottle 3.

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, the core functional area of ​​groundwater sampling is formed around the first downhole flow storage container 10a and the three upper and lower pipeline branches (dialysis sampling branch, pulse drive branch, groundwater sampling and transportation branch): (1) Dialysis sampling branch. The lower branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a receives groundwater in the formation and infiltrates into the first downhole flow storage container 10a in situ passively, and filters and dialyzes the particulate turbidity in the water through the first filtering and dialysis component 11a, and realizes effective water sample storage through the one-way conduction function from bottom to top of the third check valve 6.3a. (2) Pulse drive branch. The upper left branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a (the branch connected to the first pneumatic quick connector 9.1a) provides downhole pulse gas drive sampling power. Specifically, the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a receives the pulse pressure supply from the pulse pressure booster pump 1 located on the ground from top to bottom through the second check valve 6.2a, and drives the groundwater sample of the first downhole flow storage container 10a with the pressure drive medium of the inert gas (such as high-purity nitrogen) provided by the relay device 2. (3) Groundwater sampling and transportation branch. The upper right branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a functions as groundwater sampling and transportation. Under the pulse pressure drive of the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a with nitrogen as the medium, the groundwater sample is transported to the top of the wellbore 12 to the ground through the first check valve 6.1a of the branch, and then to the sampling bottle 3, thereby completing the groundwater sampling operation of the first aquifer.

[0043] Preferably, a wellbore 12 is provided at the upper portion of the monitoring well, and the wellbore 12 penetrates the aeration zone.

[0044] Embodiment 2:

[0045] A single-tube pulse stratified sampling device for groundwater based on the gas drive principle suitable for geological survey, such as Figure 2 As shown. Includes:

[0046] 1. Pulse booster pump; (mature product, available on the market);

[0047] 2. Relay device; (filled with inert gas for displacement sampling, such as nitrogen);

[0048] 3. Sampling bottle; (standard sampling bottle 50ml or 1L, purchased on the market);

[0049] 4a, first flow guide tube, 4b, second flow guide tube; (1 / 8 stainless steel tube, 1 / 8 polyurethane hose or 4mm air hose, or 6mm air hose, etc., available on the market);

[0050] 5.1a, first tee, 5.1b second tee; (PU start quick-connect connector, purchased on the market);

[0051] 6.1a, first check valve, 6.2a, second check valve, 6.3a, third check valve, 6.1b, fourth check valve, 6.2b, fifth check valve, 6.3b, sixth check valve (only one-way conduction, reverse closing, purchased on the market);

[0052] 7a, a first downhole gas drive mechanism, 7b, a second downhole gas drive mechanism;

[0053] 8a, first pressure relief valve, 8b, second pressure relief valve (starts to release pressure after exceeding the set starting pressure value, available on the market);

[0054] 9.1a, the first pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.2a, the second pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.3a, the third pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.1b, the fourth pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.2b, the fifth pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.3b, the sixth pneumatic quick-connect connector (thread-to-pneumatic quick-connect connector, the size is selected according to the diameter of the guide tube, purchased on the market);

[0055] 10a, first downhole fluid storage container, 10b, second downhole fluid storage container; (the sampling volume depends on the user's requirements, 50ml or 1L);

[0056] 11a, a first filtering and dialysis component, 11b, a second filtering and dialysis component; (filtering the sediment particles in the groundwater);

[0057] 12. Wellbore (geological exploration well, exploration and production well, or hydrogeological monitoring well, including the well platform on the ground and the wellbore with protective wall in the underground loose layer);

[0058] 13. Packer (air bag packer or mechanical packer, used for water-stopping seal, purchased on the market or customized).

[0059] The monitoring well is divided into a first aquifer and a second aquifer by a packer 13. A first stratified sampling device is provided in the first aquifer, and a second stratified sampling device is provided in the second aquifer.

[0060] The first stratified sampling device includes a first flow guide pipe 4a, a first three-way valve 5.1a, a first check valve 6.1a, a second check valve 6.2a, a third check valve 6.3a, a first downhole air drive mechanism 7a, a first pressure relief valve 8a, a first pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.1a, a second pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2a, a third pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3a, a first downhole flow storage container 10a, and a first filtration and dialysis component 11a.

[0061] From bottom to top, the first filtering and dialysis component 11a is connected to the third pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3a at the bottom of the first downhole flow storage container 10a through the third check valve 6.3a. The third check valve 6.3a is unidirectional from the first filtering and dialysis component 11a to the third pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3a. The formed effective functional module filters and dialyzes the turbid particles and most microorganisms in the groundwater. The left side of the upper part of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is connected to one end of the first pressure relief valve 8a through the first pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.1a, and the right side of the upper part of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is connected to one end of the first check valve 6.1a through the second pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2a. The other end of the first check valve 6.1a is connected to the first three-way 5.1a. The first check valve 6.1a is unidirectional from the second pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2a to the first three-way 5.1a. The other end of the first pressure relief valve 8a is connected to the first three-way valve 5.1a through the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a and the second check valve 6.2a in sequence, and the second check valve 6.2a is unidirectionally conducted from the first three-way valve 5.1a to the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a. The first three-way valve 5.1a is also connected to one end of the first flow guide tube 4a, and the other end of the first flow guide tube 4a extends through the wellbore 12 to the ground, and is respectively connected to the relay device 2 and the corresponding sampling bottle 3, and the relay device 2 is connected to the pulse booster pump 1. The branch line connecting the first flow guide tube 4a and the corresponding sampling bottle 3 is provided with a first ball valve for controlling the on-off, and the first ball valve is used to control the on-off between the first flow guide tube 4a and the corresponding sampling bottle 3.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the core functional area of ​​groundwater sampling is formed around the first downhole flow storage container 10a and the three upper and lower pipeline branches (dialysis sampling branch, pulse drive branch, and groundwater sampling and transportation branch): (1) Dialysis sampling branch. The lower branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a receives groundwater in the formation and passively infiltrates into the first downhole flow storage container 10a in situ, and filters and dialyzes and isolates particulate turbidity in the water through the first filtering and dialysis component 11a, and realizes effective water sample storage through the one-way conduction function from bottom to top of the third check valve 6.3a. (2) Pulse drive branch. The upper left branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a provides downhole pulse gas drive sampling power. Specifically, the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a receives the pulse pressure supply from the pulse pressure pump 1 located on the ground through the second check valve 6.2a, and drives the groundwater sample of the first downhole flow storage container 10a with the pressure drive medium of the inert gas (such as high-purity nitrogen) provided by the relay device 2. (3) Groundwater sampling and transportation branch. The function of the upper right branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is to transport groundwater sampling. Under the pulse pressure drive of the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a using nitrogen as the medium, the groundwater sample is transported to the top of the wellbore 12 to the ground through the first check valve 6.1a of the branch, and then to the sampling bottle 3, thereby completing the groundwater sampling operation of the first aquifer.

[0063] The second stratified sampling device includes a second flow guide pipe 4b, a second three-way valve 5.1b, a fourth check valve 6.1b, a fifth check valve 6.2b, a sixth check valve 6.3b, a second downhole air drive mechanism 7b, a second pressure relief valve 8b, a fourth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.1b, a fifth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2b, a sixth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3b, a second downhole flow storage container 10b, and a second filtration and dialysis component 11b.

[0064] The sampling operation and specific connection method of the second aquifer are the same as those of the first aquifer, and the two are separated by cutting off the hydraulic connection between the upper and lower parts through the packer 13 set underground. Specifically, from bottom to top, the second filtering and dialysis component 11b is connected to the sixth pneumatic quick-connection 9.3b at the bottom of the second underground flow storage container 10b through the sixth check valve 6.3b, and the sixth check valve 6.3b is unidirectional from the second filtering and dialysis component 11b to the sixth pneumatic quick-connection 9.3b. The effective functional module formed filters and dialyzes the turbid particles and most microorganisms in the groundwater. The left side of the upper part of the second downhole flow storage container 10b is connected to one end of the second pressure relief valve 8b through the fourth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.1b, and the right side of the upper part of the second downhole flow storage container 10b is connected to one end of the fourth check valve 6.1b through the fifth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.2b, and the other end of the fourth check valve 6.1b is connected to the second three-way 5.1b, and the fourth check valve 6.1b is unidirectional from the fifth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.2b to the second three-way 5.1b. Among them, the other end of the second pressure relief valve 8b is connected to the second three-way 5.1b through the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b and the fifth check valve 6.2b in sequence, and the fifth check valve 6.2b is unidirectional from the second three-way 5.1b to the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b. The second three-way connection 5.1b is connected to one end of the second flow guide tube 4b, and the other end of the second flow guide tube 4b extends through the wellbore 12 to the ground, and is respectively connected to the relay device 2 and the corresponding sampling bottle 3, and the relay device 2 is connected to the pulse booster pump 1. A second ball valve for controlling on-off is provided on the branch connecting the second flow guide tube 4b and the corresponding sampling bottle 3, and the second ball valve is used to control on-off between the second flow guide tube 4b and the corresponding sampling bottle 3.

[0065] A single-tube pulse stratified sampling device for groundwater suitable for geological survey of multiple aquifers. This implementation case takes the stratified sampling operation of groundwater in two aquifers as an example. (1) Sampling of the first aquifer. The pulse booster pump 1 uses the high-purity nitrogen gas of the relay device 2 as the pressure medium to unidirectionally conduct from top to bottom through the second check valve 6.2a into the gas drive branch, and supplies high-purity nitrogen pressure to the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a of the pulse drive branch. After the pressure of the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a accumulates to the starting pressure value set by the first pressure relief valve 8a, it starts to relieve pressure at the lower end, driving the groundwater sample in the first downhole flow storage container 10a to be transmitted to the ground sampling bottle 3 through the first check valve 6.1a of the groundwater sampling and transmission branch, thereby completing the sampling of the first aquifer. (2) Sampling of the second aquifer. The pulse booster pump 1 uses the high-purity nitrogen of the relay device 2 as the pressure medium and unidirectionally conducts from top to bottom through the fifth check valve 6.2b into the gas drive branch, and supplies high-purity nitrogen pressure to the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b of the pulse drive branch. After the pressure of the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b accumulates to the starting pressure value set by the second pressure relief valve 8b, it starts to relieve pressure at the lower end, driving the groundwater sample in the second downhole flow storage container 10b to be transmitted to the surface sampling bottle 3 through the fourth check valve 6.1b of the groundwater sampling and transmission branch, thereby completing the sampling of the second aquifer.

[0066] It is worth pointing out that when sampling different aquifers, it is necessary to strictly perform well washing operations, switch pipelines, and replace sampling bottles. Generally, the first two water samples are well washing operations, and the third is the formal sampling of groundwater.

[0067] Embodiment 3:

[0068] A single-tube pulse stratified sampling device for groundwater based on the gas drive principle suitable for ecological environment monitoring, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. Includes:

[0069] 1. Pulse booster pump (mature product, available on the market);

[0070] 2. Relay device; (filled with inert gas for displacement sampling, such as nitrogen);

[0071] 3. Sampling bottles: 3a-first sampling bottle; 3b-second sampling bottle; 3c-third sampling bottle; (standard sampling bottles 50ml or 1L, purchased on the market);

[0072] 4a, first flow guide tube, 4b, second flow guide tube, 4c, third flow guide tube; (1 / 8 polyurethane hose or 4mm air hose, or 6mm air hose, etc., available on the market);

[0073] 5.1a, first tee, 5.1b, second tee, 5.1c, third tee (PU pneumatic quick-connect fitting, available on the market);

[0074] 6.1a, first check valve, 6.2a, second check valve, 6.3a, third check valve, 6.1b, fourth check valve, 6.2b, fifth check valve, 6.3b, sixth check valve, 6.1c, seventh check valve, 6.2c, eighth check valve, 6.3c, ninth check valve (only one-way conduction, reverse closing, purchased on the market);

[0075] 7a, a first downhole gas drive mechanism, 7b, a second downhole gas drive mechanism, 7c, a third downhole gas drive mechanism;

[0076] 8a, the first pressure relief valve, 8b, the second pressure relief valve, 8c, the third pressure relief valve (starts to release pressure after exceeding the set starting pressure value, purchased on the market);

[0077] 9.1a, the first pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.2a, the second pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.3a, the third pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.1b, the fourth pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.2b, the fifth pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.3b, the sixth pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.1c, the seventh pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.2c, the eighth pneumatic quick-connect connector, 9.3c, the ninth pneumatic quick-connect connector, (thread-to-pneumatic quick-connect connector, the size is selected according to the diameter of the guide tube, purchased on the market);

[0078] 10a, first downhole fluid storage container, 10b, second downhole fluid storage container, 10c, third downhole fluid storage container; (the sampling volume depends on the user's requirements, 50ml or 1L);

[0079] 11a, a first filtering and dialysis component, 11b, a second filtering and dialysis component, 11c, a third filtering and dialysis component; (filtering the sediment particles in the groundwater);

[0080] 12. Wellbore (ecological environment monitoring well, groundwater environment monitoring well, hydrogeological monitoring well, including well platform on the ground and wellbore with protective wall in underground loose layer);

[0081] 13.1, first packer, 13.2, second packer (such as airbag packer, water injection packer, water-expanding packer, etc., used for water-stopping and sealing, purchased on the market or customized);

[0082] 14a, a first ball valve, 14b, a second ball valve, 14c, a third ball valve (used to open and close fluid pipelines, available on the market).

[0083] The monitoring well is divided into a first aquifer, a second aquifer and a third aquifer by two packers (a first packer 13.1 and a second packer 13.2). A first stratified sampling device is provided in the first aquifer, a second stratified sampling device is provided in the second aquifer, and a third stratified sampling device is provided in the third aquifer.

[0084] The first stratified sampling device includes a first flow guide pipe 4a, a first three-way valve 5.1a, a first check valve 6.1a, a second check valve 6.2a, a third check valve 6.3a, a first downhole air drive mechanism 7a, a first pressure relief valve 8a, a first pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.1a, a second pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2a, a third pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3a, a first downhole flow storage container 10a, and a first filtration and dialysis component 11a.

[0085] From bottom to top, the first filtering and dialysis component 11a is connected to the third pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3a at the bottom of the first downhole flow storage container 10a through the third check valve 6.3a. The third check valve 6.3a is unidirectional from the first filtering and dialysis component 11a to the third pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3a. The formed effective functional module filters and dialyzes the turbid particles and most microorganisms in the groundwater. The left side of the upper part of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is connected to one end of the first pressure relief valve 8a through the first pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.1a, and the right side of the upper part of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is connected to one end of the first check valve 6.1a through the second pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2a. The other end of the first check valve 6.1a is connected to the first three-way 5.1a. The first check valve 6.1a is unidirectional from the second pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2a to the first three-way 5.1a. The other end of the first pressure relief valve 8a is connected to the first three-way valve 5.1a through the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a and the second check valve 6.2a in sequence, and the second check valve 6.2a is unidirectionally conducted from the first three-way valve 5.1a to the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a. The first three-way valve 5.1a is also connected to one end of the first flow guide pipe 4a, and the other end of the first flow guide pipe 4a extends to the ground through the wellbore 12, and is respectively connected to the relay device 2 and the corresponding first sampling bottle 3a, and the relay device 2 is connected to the pulse booster pump 1. The branch line connecting the first flow guide pipe 4a and the corresponding first sampling bottle 3a is provided with a first ball valve 14a for controlling the on-off, and the first ball valve 14a is used to control the on-off between the first flow guide pipe 4a and the corresponding first sampling bottle 3a.

[0086] like Figure 3As shown, the core functional area of ​​groundwater sampling is formed around the first downhole flow storage container 10a and the three upper and lower pipeline branches (dialysis sampling branch, pulse drive branch, and groundwater sampling and transportation branch): (1) Dialysis sampling branch. The lower branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a receives groundwater in the formation and passively infiltrates into the first downhole flow storage container 10a in situ, and filters and dialyzes and isolates particulate turbidity in the water through the first filtering and dialysis component 11a, and realizes effective water sample storage through the one-way conduction function from bottom to top of the third check valve 6.3a. (2) Pulse drive branch. The upper left branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a provides downhole pulse gas drive sampling power. Specifically, the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a receives the pulse pressure supply from the pulse pressure pump 1 located on the ground through the second check valve 6.2a, and drives the groundwater sample of the first downhole flow storage container 10a with the pressure drive medium of the inert gas (such as high-purity nitrogen) provided by the relay device 2. (3) Groundwater sampling and transportation branch. The function of the upper right branch of the first downhole flow storage container 10a is to transport groundwater sampling. Under the pulse pressure drive of the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a using nitrogen as the medium, the groundwater sample is transported to the surface above the wellbore 12 through the first check valve 6.1a of the branch and then to the first sampling bottle 3a. The groundwater sampling operation of the first sampling layer is thus completed. The operation steps of the second and third sampling layers are the same and will not be repeated.

[0087] The second stratified sampling device includes a second flow guide pipe 4b, a second three-way valve 5.1b, a fourth check valve 6.1b, a fifth check valve 6.2b, a sixth check valve 6.3b, a second downhole air drive mechanism 7b, a second pressure relief valve 8b, a fourth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.1b, a fifth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2b, a sixth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3b, a second downhole flow storage container 10b, and a second filtration and dialysis component 11b.

[0088] The sampling operation and specific connection method of the second aquifer are the same as those of the first aquifer, and the two are separated by cutting off the hydraulic connection between the upper and lower parts through the packer 13 set underground. Specifically, from bottom to top, the second filtering and dialysis component 11b is connected to the sixth pneumatic quick-connection 9.3b at the bottom of the second underground flow storage container 10b through the sixth check valve 6.3b, and the sixth check valve 6.3b is unidirectional from the second filtering and dialysis component 11b to the sixth pneumatic quick-connection 9.3b. The effective functional module formed filters and dialyzes the turbid particles and most microorganisms in the groundwater. The left side of the upper part of the second downhole flow storage container 10b is connected to one end of the second pressure relief valve 8b through the fourth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.1b, and the right side of the upper part of the second downhole flow storage container 10b is connected to one end of the fourth check valve 6.1b through the fifth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.2b, and the other end of the fourth check valve 6.1b is connected to the second three-way 5.1b, and the fourth check valve 6.1b is unidirectional from the fifth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.2b to the second three-way 5.1b. Among them, the other end of the second pressure relief valve 8b is connected to the second three-way 5.1b through the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b and the fifth check valve 6.2b in sequence, and the fifth check valve 6.2b is unidirectional from the second three-way 5.1b to the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b. The second three-way connection 5.1b is connected to one end of the second flow guide tube 4b, and the other end of the second flow guide tube 4b extends through the wellbore 12 to the ground, and is respectively connected to the relay device 2 and the corresponding second sampling bottle 3b, and the relay device 2 is connected to the pulse booster pump 1. A second ball valve 14b for controlling on-off is provided on the branch connecting the second flow guide tube 4b and the corresponding second sampling bottle 3b, and the second ball valve 14b is used to control the on-off between the second flow guide tube 4b and the corresponding second sampling bottle 3b.

[0089] The third stratified sampling device includes a third flow guide tube 4c, a third three-way valve 5.1c, a seventh check valve 6.1c, an eighth check valve 6.2c, a ninth check valve 6.3c, a third downhole air drive mechanism 7c, a third pressure relief valve 8c, a seventh pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.1c, an eighth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.2c, a ninth pneumatic quick-connect connector 9.3c, a third downhole flow storage container 10c, and a third filtration and dialysis assembly 11c.

[0090] As mentioned above, the third aquifer is hydraulically isolated from the upper and lower strata of the second aquifer by the second packer 13.2 set underground. The sampling operation and specific connection method are as follows: from bottom to top, the third filter dialysis component 11c is connected to the ninth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.3c at the bottom of the third underground flow storage container 10c through the ninth check valve 6.3c, and the ninth check valve 6.3c is unidirectional from the third filter dialysis component 11c to the ninth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.3c. The effective functional module formed filters and dialyzes the turbid particles and most microorganisms in the groundwater. The left side of the upper part of the third underground flow storage container 10c is connected to one end of the third pressure relief valve 8c through the seventh pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.1c, and the right side of the upper part of the third underground flow storage container 10c is connected to one end of the seventh check valve 6.1c through the eighth pneumatic quick-plug connector 9.2c, and the other end of the seventh check valve 6.1c is connected to the third three-way 5.1c. Among them, the other end of the third pressure relief valve 8c is connected to the third three-way 5.1c through the third downhole gas drive mechanism 7c and the eighth check valve 6.2c in sequence, and the eighth check valve 6.2c is unidirectionally conducted from the third three-way 5.1c to the third downhole gas drive mechanism 7c. The third three-way 5.1c is also connected to one end of the third flow guide pipe 4c, and the other end of the third flow guide pipe 4c extends to the ground through the wellbore 12. It is respectively connected to the relay device 2 and the corresponding third sampling bottle 3c, the relay device 2 is connected to the pulse booster pump 1, and the branch connecting the third flow guide pipe 4c and the third sampling bottle 3c is provided with a third ball valve 14c, and the third ball valve 14c is used to control the on-off between the third flow guide pipe 4c and the third sampling bottle 3c.

[0091] The purpose of the present invention is to investigate and trace the spatial distribution and diffusion concentration of pollutants in groundwater. Pollutants are classified by density into lighter-than-water LNAPL, water-soluble pollutants and heavier-than-water DNAPL. The polluted layer is usually the shallow first aquifer that is strongly affected by human activities, and the pollution depth is mostly within 35m underground. Therefore, for the three different density accumulation locations of pollutants in the upper, middle and lower parts of the shallow first aquifer, this implementation case is used as an example to illustrate the groundwater stratified sampling operation corresponding to three different depth sampling layers. (1) Sampling of the first sampling layer. The pulse booster pump 1 uses the high-purity nitrogen gas of the relay device 2 as the pressure medium to unidirectionally conduct from top to bottom through the second check valve 6.2a into the gas drive branch, and supplies the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a of the pulse drive branch with high-purity nitrogen pressure. After the pressure of the first downhole gas drive mechanism 7a accumulates to the starting pressure value set by the first pressure relief valve 8a, it starts to relieve pressure at the lower end, driving the groundwater sample in the first downhole flow storage container 10a to be transmitted to the first sampling bottle 3a on the ground through the first check valve 6.1a of the groundwater sampling and delivery branch, thereby completing the sampling of the first aquifer. (2) Sampling of the second sampling layer. The pulse booster pump 1 uses the high-purity nitrogen gas of the relay device 2 as the pressure medium to unidirectionally conduct from top to bottom through the fifth check valve 6.2b into the gas drive branch, and supplies high-purity nitrogen pressure to the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b of the pulse drive branch. After the pressure of the second downhole gas drive mechanism 7b accumulates to the starting pressure value set by the second pressure relief valve 8b, it starts to relieve pressure at the lower end, driving the groundwater sample in the second downhole flow storage container 10b to be transmitted to the second sampling bottle 3b on the ground through the fourth check valve 6.1b of the groundwater sampling and delivery branch, thereby completing the sampling of the second aquifer. (3) Sampling of the third sampling layer. The pulse booster pump 1 uses the high-purity nitrogen of the relay device 2 as the pressure medium and unidirectionally conducts from top to bottom through the eighth check valve 6.2c into the gas drive branch, and supplies high-purity nitrogen pressure to the third downhole gas drive mechanism 7c of the pulse drive branch. After the pressure of the third downhole gas drive mechanism 7c accumulates to the starting pressure value set by the third pressure relief valve 8c, it starts to relieve pressure at the lower end, driving the groundwater sample in the third downhole flow storage container 10c to be transmitted to the third sampling bottle 3c on the ground through the seventh check valve 6.1c of the groundwater sampling and transmission branch, thereby completing the stratified sampling of groundwater in the third sampling layer.

[0092] It is worth pointing out that when switching between different sampling layers, the well washing operation must be strictly carried out, and the corresponding pipelines must be switched and the sampling bottles replaced. Generally, the first two water samples are well washing operations, and the third is the formal groundwater sampling.

[0093] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A single-tube pulse stratified sampling device for groundwater based on the gas drive principle, including a packer, characterized in that: The monitoring well is divided into multiple aquifers by a packer (13), and a stratified sampling device is arranged in each aquifer. The stratified sampling device comprises a first flow guide pipe (4a), a first three-way valve (5.1a), a first check valve (6.1a), a second check valve (6.2a), a third check valve (6.3a), a first downhole air drive mechanism (7a), a first pressure relief valve (8a), a first pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.1a), a second pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.2a), a third pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.3a), a first downhole fluid storage container (10a), and a first filtering and dialysis component (11a). The first filtering and dialysis assembly (11a) is connected to a third pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.3a) provided at the bottom of the first downhole fluid storage container (10a) via a third check valve (6.3a); a first pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.1a) and a second pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.2a) are provided at the top of the first downhole fluid storage container (10a); the first pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.1a) is connected to one end of the first pressure relief valve (8a); the second pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.2a) is connected to one end of the first check valve (6.1a); and the other end of the first check valve (6.1a) is connected to the The first three-way valve (5.1a) is connected to the first three-way valve (5.1a), the other end of the first pressure relief valve (8a) is connected to the first three-way valve (5.1a) through the first downhole gas drive mechanism (7a) and the second check valve (6.2a) in sequence, the first three-way valve (5.1a) is also connected to one end of the first flow guide pipe (4a), the other end of the first flow guide pipe (4a) extends to the ground and is respectively connected to the relay device (2) and the corresponding sampling bottle (3), the relay device (2) is connected to the pulse pressure pump (1), and a ball valve is arranged on the branch line connecting the first flow guide pipe (4a) and the sampling bottle (3).

2. The single-tube pulse stratified sampling device for groundwater based on the gas drive principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The third check valve (6.3a) is unidirectionally conducted from the first filtering and dialysis component (11a) to the third pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.3a); the first check valve (6.1a) is unidirectionally conducted from the second pneumatic quick-connect connector (9.2a) to the first three-way connector (5.1a); and the second check valve (6.2a) is unidirectionally conducted from the first three-way connector (5.1a) to the first downhole gas drive mechanism (7a).

3. The groundwater single-tube pulse stratified sampling device based on the gas drive principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A wellbore (12) is arranged at the upper part of the monitoring well, and the wellbore (12) penetrates the aeration zone.

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