Axial misalignment controlled high-pressure common rail fast response fuel injector

Abstract

An axial misalignment controlled high-pressure common rail fast response fuel injector adopts a specific internal control oil circuit, cancels the hydraulic servo structure of a conventional fuel injector by combining a fuel injector body, an actuator, a control valve, a throttle valve and a fuel nozzle coupling, directly controls the nozzle by the throttle valve, improves the response speed, can realize the benefits of reducing the duration and improving the injection density; when the actuator loses power, the throttle valve core is sealed on the end face of the throttle valve, so that the force of the high-pressure liquid applied on the throttle valve core is relatively small, the required electromagnetic force during work is smaller, the volume of parts such as the actuator and the throttle valve core can be reduced, which is beneficial to the arrangement of the fuel injector assembly; at the same time, the heat generation of the actuator part during work is reduced, the reliability of the fuel injector assembly is improved; the structure design of the throttle valve core and the throttle valve flat sealing can flexibly change the area size of the sealing ring belt to realize flexible control of the fuel injection law waveform and expand the application range of the product.

Description

A high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control Technical Fields

[0001] This invention relates to a common rail injector for diesel engines, and more particularly to a fast-response common rail injector for diesel engines. Background Technology:

[0002] During the operation of a common rail injector assembly in a diesel engine, there is a certain delay between the injector receiving the injection start pulse signal and the injector actually injecting the fuel; this delay is called the on-time delay. Similarly, there is a certain delay between the injector receiving the injection stop pulse signal and the injection stopping; this delay is called the stop-time delay. Shorter on-time and stop-time delays indicate a faster injector response. A faster response is more conducive to the injector's operational stability, improves the engine speed to which the injector assembly can operate, and also increases the engine's power density. To control the injection duration of the injector assembly, the commonly used control valve solution involves a servo mechanism with an inlet and outlet flow metering orifice. The flow difference between the inlet and outlet orifices controls the rail pressure within the servo mechanism, thereby controlling the response time.

[0003] To reduce latency, it's essential to minimize the opening and closing delays during the injector assembly's injection process; ideally, both opening and closing delays should be reduced simultaneously. Current electronically controlled high-pressure common rail injectors typically employ a control valve to control the fluid pressure in the high-pressure chamber. This control leverages the force balance between the control valve's high-pressure chamber and the injector's high-pressure chamber to regulate injection opening and closing. The hydraulic pressure in the control valve's high-pressure chamber is controlled by the flow rate changes in these orifices, which in turn affect the fluid pressure in the high-pressure chamber. A drawback of the current control valve design is that, with a constant high-pressure chamber volume, reducing opening delay necessitates increasing the flow rate difference between the inlet and outlet orifices, which in turn increases closing delay. Similarly, reducing closing delay requires decreasing the flow rate difference between the inlet and outlet orifices, which increases opening delay. In other words, current control valve solutions, in order to reduce latency, if parameter matching is performed on the flow difference between the inlet and outlet oil orifices, exhibit a hyperbolic effect in terms of the effect on opening and closing delays, ultimately resulting in very limited practical effectiveness. Invention content:

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control by optimizing the design of the existing injector assembly, thereby reducing the response time and improving the response speed during the operation of the injector assembly.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] A high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control includes an injector body, an actuator, a control valve core, a control valve seat, a throttle valve, a needle valve body, a needle valve, an actuator spring, a fastening cap, a nozzle spring, a nozzle spring seat, and an actuator spring seat. The injector body has a main oil passage and a high-pressure oil passage that communicate with each other; the actuator has an actuator oil inlet passage and a spring passage.

[0007] The control valve seat is designed with a valve core guide hole, a combined cavity, an oil inlet cone surface, an oil passage annular groove, a valve seat oil inlet passage, an oblique oil passage, an upper end face of the valve seat, a lower end face of the valve seat, and a valve core cavity. The valve core guide hole, oil inlet cone surface, oil passage annular groove, and valve core cavity are coaxially arranged. The oil passage annular groove is located on the valve core guide hole. The valve core cavity and the combined cavity are located at the upper and lower ends of the valve core guide hole. The oil inlet cone surface is located between the combined cavity and the lower end face of the valve core guide hole. The oblique oil passage is located between the valve seat oil inlet passage and the oil passage annular groove. The upper end face and the lower end face of the valve seat are both planar. The center of the valve core guide hole is offset from the center of the control valve seat.

[0008] The control valve core includes a valve core column and an armature disc. The valve core column includes a guide column, an intermediate sealing section, an inner concave space, an oil storage groove, an end face groove, a lower end face of the guide rod, an oil storage groove conical surface, an axial limiting column, and a spring limiting section. The intermediate sealing section, the inner concave space, and the oil storage groove are all located on the guide column. The axial limiting column is located at the lower end of the guide column, the spring limiting section is located at the upper end of the guide column, the end face groove is located at the center of the lower end face of the guide rod, and the oil storage groove conical surface is located on the lower side of the oil storage groove. The guide column of the valve core column and the valve core guide hole of the control valve seat are in a pair-type precision clearance fit relationship. The armature disc includes a top cover surface and an armature disc central hole. The armature disc central hole is located at the center of the top cover surface. The armature disc is fixedly integrated with the guide column through the interference fit of the armature disc central hole. After the injector assembly is assembled, in the non-injecting working state, the top cover surface of the armature disc is lower than the upper end face of the valve seat, forming an opening and closing top gap between the two.

[0009] The throttle valve includes an end face throttle channel, a side throttle channel, an end face first oblique channel, a valve shoulder side channel, an end face second oblique channel, a valve core guide hole, a valve core upper end face, and a valve core oil storage chamber. The end face throttle channel, the valve core guide hole, and the valve core oil storage chamber are coaxially arranged. The valve core oil storage chamber is located between the valve core guide hole and the end face throttle channel. The side throttle channel communicates with the valve core oil storage chamber. The end face first oblique channel communicates with the valve shoulder side channel. The valve shoulder side channel communicates with the low-pressure oil circuit.

[0010] The center of the needle valve body is provided with an upper oil storage chamber, a valve needle guide hole, a middle oil storage chamber and a lower oil storage chamber in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction;

[0011] The needle valve includes an upper guide rod, an oil inlet guide section, and a lower rod body. An axial oil inlet structure is provided on the cylindrical surface of the oil inlet guide section. An axial limiting surface is formed at the junction of the upper guide rod and the oil inlet guide section. The upper guide rod of the needle valve and the valve core guide hole of the throttle valve are in a paired fit relationship. The oil inlet guide section and the valve needle guide hole are in a precision clearance fit.

[0012] The throttling channel on the end face of the throttling valve is connected to the integrated cavity of the control valve seat; the first oblique channel on the end face of the throttling valve is connected to the groove on the end face of the control valve core; there is a start-up return space between the top surface of the oil storage chamber of the valve core of the throttling valve and the top surface of the upper guide rod of the needle valve.

[0013] The connection relationships of each component are as follows:

[0014] The needle valve is fitted inside the needle valve body. The throttle valve is located on the upper end face of the needle valve. The valve core guide hole of the throttle valve is fitted onto the upper guide rod of the needle valve. The lower end face of the control valve seat is in contact with the upper end face of the throttle valve core. The valve seat oil inlet is aligned with the second oblique channel of the end face of the throttle valve. The control valve core is fitted into the valve core guide hole of the control valve seat through the guide post. The actuator is located between the injector body and the control valve seat, ensuring that the high-pressure oil passage, the actuator oil inlet passage, and the valve seat oil inlet passage are aligned and connected. The actuator spring and actuator spring seat are placed in the spring passage of the actuator. The actuator spring seat is located below the actuator spring and fitted onto the spring limiting section. The nozzle spring and nozzle spring seat are fitted onto the upper guide rod. The nozzle spring is located above the nozzle spring seat. The fastening cap is screwed onto the lower end of the injector body, axially sealingly fixing the actuator, control valve core, control valve seat, throttle valve, and needle valve body onto the injector body.

[0015] Furthermore, the height of the opening and closing top gap is 0.01 to 1.5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the opening and closing top gap is 0.2 to 0.3 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the axial oil inlet structure is an axial oil inlet groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the axial oil inlet structure has at least one oil inlet plane on the cross-section of the oil inlet guide section, and the width of the oil inlet plane is smaller than the radius of the oil inlet guide section.

[0019] Furthermore, 2 to 4 oil inlet planes are provided on the cross-section of the oil inlet guide section.

[0020] Furthermore, the cross-section of the oil inlet guide section is provided with three oil inlet planes.

[0021] Furthermore, the intermediate sealing section and the valve core guide hole of the control valve seat are precision clearance fit.

[0022] Furthermore, the lower section of the control valve core is an axial limiting post, and the diameter of the axial limiting post is larger than the diameter of the valve core guide hole;

[0023] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0024] Compared with existing similar products, the high-pressure common rail injector provided by this invention has the following advantages:

[0025] ① The hydraulic servo structure of conventional fuel injectors has been eliminated, and the fuel nozzle is directly controlled by the throttle valve, which improves the response speed and can achieve the benefits of reducing the duration and increasing the injection density;

[0026] ② When the actuator loses power, the throttle valve core is sealed on the end face of the throttle valve. Therefore, the force exerted on the throttle valve core by the high-pressure liquid is relatively small. As a result, the electromagnetic force required during operation is relatively small, which can reduce the size of components such as the actuator and throttle valve core, and is beneficial to the layout of the fuel injector assembly. In addition, since the required electromagnetic force is smaller, the heat generated by the actuator part during operation is also reduced, which can improve the reliability of the fuel injector assembly.

[0027] ③ The structural design of the throttle valve core and the throttle valve plane seal allows for flexible control of the injection pattern waveform by changing the area of ​​the sealing ring during the performance development of the injector assembly, thus expanding the application range of the injector assembly.

[0028] Experiments have demonstrated that this solution achieves superior technical results compared to existing technologies.

[0029] Figure 15 shows the waveforms of the drive signal and injection rate of a conventional fuel injector.

[0030] Figure 16 shows the drive signal and injection rate waveforms using the present invention, with the same flow rate for the nozzle assembly in both types of injectors. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents time (unit: ms), and the vertical axes represent the drive current value (unit: A) and the injection rate value (unit: mm3 / ms), respectively. There are four sets of curves in these two figures: B1 is the injection rate curve; B2 is the drive current curve; B3 is the starting point of the injection rate waveform; and B4 is the ending point of the injection rate waveform. The injection duration Tc = T4 - T3.

[0031] In this experiment, the test conditions were: fixed injection pressure of 160MPa, peak driving current of 10A, holding current of 5A, and injection quantity of 440mm3.

[0032] Figure 15 shows that the injection duration of a conventional injector is 2.85 ms, while Figure 16 shows that the injection duration of the injector obtained using the present invention is 2.4 ms. A comparison of Figures 15 and 16 reveals that, under the same injection pressure, drive current, and injection quantity, the injector obtained using the present invention exhibits a significantly higher injection rate curve, indicating a higher injection rate density. Furthermore, the injection duration is reduced by 0.45 ms compared to the conventional injector, representing a 16.79% reduction, demonstrating a significant improvement in power density. Figure description:

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the fuel injector body connection;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the actuator;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the control valve core;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the armature disk;

[0038] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the armature plate and the control valve core;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the control valve seat;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the control valve core and the control valve seat;

[0041] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the throttle valve;

[0042] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the needle valve and the needle valve body;

[0043] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the needle valve body;

[0044] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the needle valve;

[0045] Figure 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure at point AA in Figure 12 (oil inlet tank structure);

[0046] Figure 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the structure at point AA in Figure 12 (oil inlet plane structure);

[0047] Figure 15 shows the waveform diagram of a conventional fuel injector;

[0048] Figure 16 is a waveform diagram of the injector of the present invention.

[0049] In the diagram: 1-Injector body; 2-Actuator; 3-Control valve core; 4-Control valve seat; 5-Throttle valve; 6-Needle valve body; 7-Needle valve; 8-Actuator spring; 9-Fastening cap; 10-Nose spring; 11-Nose spring seat; 12-Main oil passage; 13-High pressure oil passage; 14-Actuator spring seat; 15-Opening / closing clearance; 21-Spring channel; 22-Actuator oil inlet channel; 30-Armature plate; 31-Guide post; 32-Intermediate sealing section; 33-Concave space; 34-Oil storage groove; 35-End face groove; 36-Lower end face of guide rod; 37-Conical surface of oil storage groove; 38-Axial limiting post; 39-Spring limiting section; 41-Valve core guide hole; 42-Combined cavity; 4 3-Inlet cone surface; 44-Oil passage ring groove; 45-Valve seat oil inlet passage; 46-Inclined oil passage; 47-Valve seat upper end face; 48-Valve seat lower end face; 49-Valve core cavity; 51-End face throttling passage; 52-Side throttling passage; 53-End face first inclined passage; 54-Valve shoulder side passage; 55-End face second inclined passage; 56-Valve core guide hole; 57-Valve core upper end face; 58-Valve core oil storage cavity; 61-Upper oil storage cavity; 62-Valve needle guide hole; 63-Middle oil storage cavity; 64-Lower oil storage cavity; 71-Upper guide rod; 72-Inlet guide section; 73-Lower rod body; 74-Axial oil inlet structure; 75-Axial limiting surface; 301-Top cover surface; 302-Armature plate center hole. Detailed implementation method:

[0050] The specific embodiments of the present invention are illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] A high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control, as shown in Figures 1-14, includes an injector body 1, an actuator 2, a control valve core 3, a control valve seat 4, a throttle valve 5, a needle valve body 6, a needle valve 7, an actuator spring 8, a fastening cap 9, a nozzle spring 10, a nozzle spring seat 11, and an actuator spring seat 14. The injector body 1 has a main oil passage 12 and a high-pressure oil passage 13 that communicate with each other; the actuator 2 is designed with an actuator oil inlet passage 22 and a spring passage 21.

[0053] The control valve seat 4 is designed with a valve core guide hole 41, a combined cavity 42, an oil inlet cone surface 43, an oil passage annular groove 44, a valve seat oil inlet passage 45, an inclined oil passage 46, an upper end face 47, a lower end face 48, and a valve core cavity 49. The valve core guide hole 41, the oil inlet cone surface 43, the oil passage annular groove 44, and the valve core cavity 49 are coaxially arranged. The oil passage annular groove 44 is located on the valve core guide hole 41. The valve core cavity 49 and the combined cavity 42 are located at the upper and lower ends of the valve core guide hole 41. The oil inlet cone surface 43 is located between the combined cavity 42 and the lower end face of the valve core guide hole 41. The inclined oil passage 46 is located between the valve seat oil inlet passage 45 and the oil passage annular groove 44. The upper end face 47 and the lower end face 48 of the valve seat are both planes. The center of the valve core guide hole 41 is offset from the center of the control valve seat 4.

[0054] The control valve core 3 includes a valve core column and an armature plate 30. The valve core column includes a guide column 31, an intermediate sealing section 32, an inner concave space 33, an oil storage groove 34, an end face groove 35, a guide rod lower end face 36, an oil storage groove conical surface 37, an axial limiting column 38, and a spring limiting section 39. The intermediate sealing section 32, the inner concave space 33, and the oil storage groove 34 are all disposed on the guide column 31. The axial limiting column 38 is disposed at the lower end of the guide column 31, the spring limiting section 39 is disposed at the upper end of the guide column 31, the end face groove 35 is disposed at the center of the guide rod lower end face 36, and the oil storage groove conical surface 37 is disposed on the lower side of the oil storage groove 34. The guide column 31 and the intermediate sealing section 32 of the valve core column are in a precision clearance fit relationship with the valve core guide hole 41 of the control valve seat 4. The diameter of the axial limiting column 38 is larger than the diameter of the valve core guide hole 41.

[0055] The armature disk 30 includes a top cover 301 and an armature disk central hole 302. The armature disk central hole 302 is located at the center of the top cover 301. The armature disk 30 is fixedly integrated with the guide post 31 through the interference fit of the armature disk central hole 302. After the injector assembly is assembled, in the non-injecting working state, the top cover 301 of the armature disk 30 is lower than the upper end face 47 of the valve seat, forming an opening and closing gap 15 between them. The height of the opening and closing gap 15 is 0.01 to 1.5 mm.

[0056] The throttle valve 5 includes an end face throttle channel 51, a side throttle channel 52, an end face first oblique channel 53, a valve shoulder side channel 54, an end face second oblique channel 55, a valve core guide hole 56, a valve core upper end face 57, and a valve core oil storage chamber 58. The end face throttle channel 51, the valve core guide hole 56, and the valve core oil storage chamber 58 are coaxially arranged. The valve core oil storage chamber 58 is located between the valve core guide hole 56 and the end face throttle channel 51. The side throttle channel 52 communicates with the valve core oil storage chamber 58. The end face first oblique channel 53 communicates with the valve shoulder side channel 54. The valve shoulder side channel 54 communicates with the low-pressure oil circuit.

[0057] The needle valve body 6 is provided with an upper oil storage chamber 61, a valve needle guide hole 62, a middle oil storage chamber 63 and a lower oil storage chamber 64 in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction at the center.

[0058] The needle valve 7 includes an upper guide rod 71, an oil inlet guide section 72, and a lower rod body 73. An axial oil inlet structure 74 is provided on the cylindrical surface of the oil inlet guide section 72. The axial oil inlet structure 74 is an axial oil inlet groove. An axial limiting surface 75 is formed at the junction of the upper guide rod 71 and the oil inlet guide section 72. The upper guide rod 71 of the needle valve 7 and the valve core guide hole 56 of the throttle valve 5 are in a mating relationship. The oil inlet guide section 72 and the valve needle guide hole 62 are in a precision clearance fit.

[0059] The throttling channel 51 on the end face of the throttling valve 5 is connected to the integrated cavity 42 of the control valve seat 4; the first oblique channel 53 on the end face of the throttling valve 5 is connected to the groove 35 on the end face of the control valve core 3; there is a start-up return space between the top surface of the valve core oil storage cavity 58 of the throttling valve 5 and the top surface of the upper guide rod 71 of the needle valve 7.

[0060] The connection relationships of each component are as follows:

[0061] The needle valve 7 is installed in the needle valve body 6. The throttle valve 5 is located on the upper end face of the needle valve 7. The valve core guide hole 56 of the throttle valve 5 is installed on the upper guide rod 71 of the needle valve 7. The lower end face 48 of the control valve seat 4 is aligned with the upper end face 57 of the valve core of the throttle valve 5. The valve seat oil inlet passage 45 is aligned with the second oblique channel 55 on the end face of the throttle valve 5. The control valve core 3 is installed in the valve core guide hole 41 of the control valve seat 4 through the guide post 31. The actuator 2 is located between the injector body 1 and the control valve seat 4, ensuring the high-pressure oil passage 13 and the actuator oil inlet passage. 22 and valve seat oil inlet passage 45 are aligned and connected. Actuation spring 8 and actuation spring seat 14 are placed in spring channel 21 of actuator 2. Actuation spring seat 14 is located below actuation spring 8 and is fitted on spring limit section 39. Oil nozzle spring 10 and oil nozzle spring seat 11 are fitted on upper guide rod 71. Oil nozzle spring 10 is located above oil nozzle spring seat 11. Fastening cap 9 is screwed onto the lower end of injector body 1, axially sealing actuator 2, control valve core 3, control valve seat 4, throttle valve 5 and needle valve body 6 on injector body 1.

[0062] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0063] High-pressure fuel enters the high-pressure fuel passage 13, actuator fuel inlet passage 22, valve seat fuel inlet passage 45, and inclined fuel passage 46 from the main fuel passage 12 of the injector body 1, and then enters the fuel passage ring groove 44. It splits into two paths, and the other path enters the opening and closing top gap 15 and the upper fuel storage chamber 61 of the nozzle assembly through the second inclined passage 55 on the end face.

[0064] When the actuator 2 loses power, under the action of the preload force F1 of the actuator spring 8 and the hydraulic pressure F2 of the oil passage groove 44, the lower end face 36 of the guide rod of the control valve core 3 and the upper end face 57 of the valve core of the throttle valve 5 are in a mechanical seal state. Under the action of the hydraulic pressure F3 of the valve core oil storage chamber 58 and the preload force F4 of the nozzle spring 10, the needle valve 7 is sealed on the seat surface of the needle valve body 6, and the injector does not spray oil.

[0065] When actuator 2 is energized, due to electromagnetic action, actuator 2 generates electromagnetic force F5 on control valve core 3. When F5 overcomes the preload force F1 of actuator spring 8 and the hydraulic pressure F2 of oil ring groove 44, i.e., F5 > F1 + F2, control valve core 3 moves upward. The oil storage groove cone surface 37 of control valve core 3 mechanically seals with the oil inlet cone surface 43 of control valve seat 4. At this time, the end face throttling channel 51 of throttle valve 5 is liquid connected to the integrated cavity 42 and the valve shoulder side channel 54. Since the valve shoulder side channel 54 is connected to the low-pressure oil circuit, the liquid pressure in the valve core oil storage chamber 58 gradually decreases. When the liquid pressure F3 of the opening and closing top gap 15 + spring preload force F4 < liquid pressure F6 of the intermediate oil storage chamber 63, needle valve 7 moves upward and leaves the sealing seat surface of needle valve body 6, and the injector starts to inject oil.

[0066] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that the axial oil inlet structure 74 is changed to have an oil inlet plane on the cylindrical surface of the oil inlet guide section 72. The preferred embodiment is that three oil inlet planes are evenly distributed on the cross-section of the oil inlet guide section 72, and the width of the oil inlet plane is smaller than the radius of the oil inlet guide section 72.

[0067] Of course, setting an oil inlet plane is equally effective.

[0068] There are many embodiments of the present invention, which will not be listed one by one here. All solutions that adopt the same functional substitution of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control, comprising an injector body (1), an actuator (2), a control valve core (3), a control valve seat (4), a throttle valve (5), a needle valve body (6), a needle valve (7), an actuator spring (8), a fastening cap (9), a nozzle spring (10), a nozzle spring seat (11), and an actuator spring seat (14), characterized in that: The injector body (1) is provided with a main oil passage (12) and a high-pressure oil passage (13) that are connected to each other; the actuator (2) is designed with an actuator oil inlet passage (22) and a spring passage (21); the control valve seat (4) is designed with a valve core guide hole (41), a comprehensive cavity (42), an oil inlet cone surface (43), an oil passage ring groove (44), a valve seat oil inlet passage (45), an inclined oil passage (46), an upper end face (47) of the valve seat, a lower end face (48) of the valve seat, and a valve core cavity (49). The valve core guide hole (41), the oil inlet cone surface (43), the oil passage ring groove (44), and the valve core cavity (49) are coaxially arranged. The oil passage ring groove (44) is provided with The valve core is placed on the valve core guide hole (41), the valve core cavity (49) and the integrated cavity (42) are located at the upper and lower ends of the valve core guide hole (41), the oil inlet cone surface (43) is located between the integrated cavity (42) and the lower end face of the valve core guide hole (41), the inclined oil passage (46) is located between the valve seat oil inlet passage (45) and the oil passage ring groove (44), and the upper end face (47) and the lower end face (48) of the valve seat are both planes; the center of the valve core guide hole (41) is offset from the center of the control valve seat (4); the control valve core (3) includes a valve core column and an armature plate (30), and the valve core column includes a guide column (31) and an intermediate sealing section. (32), concave space (33), oil storage groove (34), end face groove (35), lower end face of guide rod (36), oil storage groove cone surface (37), axial limiting post (38) and spring limiting section (39), intermediate sealing section (32), concave space (33) and oil storage groove (34) are all set on guide post (31), axial limiting post (38) is set at the lower end of guide post (31), spring limiting section (39) is set at the upper end of guide post (31), end face groove (35) is set at the center of lower end face of guide rod (36), oil storage groove cone surface (37) is set on the lower side of oil storage groove (34), valve core The guide post (31) of the column and the valve core guide hole (41) of the control valve seat (4) are in a precision clearance fit relationship; the armature disk (30) includes a top surface (301) and a central hole (302) of the armature disk. The central hole (302) of the armature disk is located at the center of the top surface (301). The armature disk (30) is fixedly integrated with the guide post (31) through the interference fit of the central hole (302) of the armature disk; after the injector assembly is assembled, in the non-injecting working state of the injector assembly, the top surface (301) of the armature disk (30) is lower than the upper end surface (47) of the valve seat, and an opening and closing top gap (15) is formed between the two;The throttle valve (5) includes an end face throttle channel (51), a side throttle channel (52), an end face first oblique channel (53), a valve shoulder side channel (54), an end face second oblique channel (55), a valve core guide hole (56), a valve core upper end face (57), and a valve core oil storage chamber (58). The end face throttle channel (51), the valve core guide hole (56), and the valve core oil storage chamber (58) are coaxially arranged. The valve core oil storage chamber (58) is located between the valve core guide hole (56) and the end face throttle channel (51). The side throttle channel (52) communicates with the valve core oil storage chamber (58). The end face first oblique channel (53) communicates with the valve shoulder side channel (54). The valve shoulder side channel (54) communicates with the low-pressure oil circuit. The center of the needle valve body (6) is provided with an upper oil storage chamber (61), a valve needle guide hole (62), a middle oil storage chamber (63), and a lower oil storage chamber (64) in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction. 4); The needle valve (7) includes an upper guide rod (71), an oil inlet guide section (72), and a lower rod body (73). An axial oil inlet structure (74) is provided on the cylindrical surface of the oil inlet guide section (72). An axial limiting surface (75) is formed at the junction of the upper guide rod (71) and the oil inlet guide section (72). The upper guide rod (71) of the needle valve (7) and the valve core guide hole (56) of the throttle valve (5) are in a mating relationship. The oil inlet guide section (73) 2) It is precisely clearance matched with the valve needle guide hole (62); the end face throttling channel (51) of the throttle valve (5) is connected to the comprehensive cavity (42) of the control valve seat (4); the end face first oblique channel (53) of the throttle valve (5) is connected to the end face groove (35) of the control valve core (3); there is a start-up return space between the top surface of the valve core oil storage chamber (58) of the throttle valve (5) and the top surface of the upper guide rod (71) of the needle valve (7);The connection relationship of each component is as follows: the needle valve (7) is installed in the needle valve body (6), the throttle valve (5) is set on the upper end face of the needle valve (7), the valve core guide hole (56) of the throttle valve (5) is installed on the upper guide rod (71) of the needle valve (7), the lower end face (48) of the control valve seat (4) is connected to the upper end face (57) of the valve core of the throttle valve (5), the oil inlet passage (45) of the valve seat is aligned with the second oblique channel (55) of the end face of the throttle valve (5), the control valve core (3) is installed in the valve core guide hole (41) of the control valve seat (4) through the guide post (31), and the actuator (2) is set between the injector body (1) and the control valve seat (4) to ensure the high pressure oil passage (13) and the actuator. The actuator oil inlet channel (22) and the valve seat oil inlet channel (45) are aligned and connected. The actuator spring (8) and actuator spring seat (14) are placed in the spring channel (21) of the actuator (2). The actuator spring seat (14) is located below the actuator spring (8) and is fitted on the spring limiting section (39). The nozzle spring (10) and nozzle spring seat (11) are fitted on the upper guide rod (71). The nozzle spring (10) is located above the nozzle spring seat (11). The fastening cap (9) is screwed onto the lower end of the injector body (1), axially sealing the actuator (2), control valve core (3), control valve seat (4), throttle valve (5), and needle valve body (6) on the injector body (1).

2. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the opening and closing top gap (15) is 0.01 to 1.5 mm.

3. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the opening and closing top gap (15) is 0.2 to 0.3 mm.

4. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial oil inlet structure (74) is an axial oil inlet groove.

5. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial oil inlet structure (74) has at least one oil inlet plane on the cross-section of the oil inlet guide section (72), and the width of the oil inlet plane is smaller than the radius of the oil inlet guide section (72).

6. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-section of the oil inlet guide section (72) is provided with 2 to 4 oil inlet planes at intervals.

7. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross-section of the oil inlet guide section (72) has three oil inlet planes.

8. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate sealing section (32) and the valve core guide hole (41) of the control valve seat (4) are precision clearance fit.

9. The high-pressure common rail fast-response injector with axial misalignment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower section of the control valve core (3) is an axial limiting post (38), and the diameter of the axial limiting post (38) is larger than the diameter of the valve core guide hole (41) of the control valve seat (4).

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