Microchannel structure, microchannel reaction component having the same, and microchannel reactor

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of chemical pharmaceutical reaction equipment, and specifically to a microchannel structure, a microchannel reaction component and a microchannel reactor having the same. The microchannel structure comprises: a plurality of first reaction channels, which are linearly spaced along a first direction, and the first reaction channel is provided with at least two first inlets and a first outlet; a plurality of second reaction channels, which are linearly spaced along a first direction, and the second reaction channel is provided with at least two second outlets and a second inlet, and the second reaction channel is stacked and staggered with the first reaction channel, and a transition channel is provided at the connection between the second inlet and the main body of the second reaction channel, and along the flow direction of the fluid, the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet. The reaction medium entering the reaction channel continuously merges and then splits, and then merges again, accompanied by up and down surging and utilizing the instantaneous increase in the flow rate of the reaction medium, which can effectively improve the mixing effect of the reaction medium in the microchannel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical pharmaceutical reaction equipment, and in particular to a microchannel structure, a microchannel reaction component having the same, and a microchannel reactor. Background Art

[0002] A microchannel reactor is a three-dimensional structural element that can be used for chemical reactions and is made of a solid matrix using special micromachining technology. Microchannel reactors usually contain small channel sizes and channel diversity, in which fluids flow and in which the required reactions occur. Microchannel reactors have a very large specific surface area in microstructured chemical equipment, and have better heat and mass transfer capabilities than reactors.

[0003] In the prior art, a microchannel reactor includes a pair of heat exchange components arranged on both sides and a reaction component arranged between the pair of heat exchange components. In the reaction component, the reaction medium is continuously divided and merged in the channel to achieve mixing between the reaction media. When the channel of the reaction component is gradually filled with the reaction medium, the reaction medium will move along the same flow trend in the channel to form a downstream flow. The flow trend of the reaction medium in the channel is relatively smooth, so that the flow collision of the reaction medium in the channel is not intense enough, the mixing effect is not ideal, and the reaction yield is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of poor reaction medium mixing effect and low reaction yield in the microchannel reactor in the prior art, thereby providing a microchannel structure, a microchannel reaction component having the same and a microchannel reactor.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a microchannel structure, comprising:

[0006] A plurality of first reaction channels are linearly spaced along a first direction, and the first reaction channels are provided with at least two first inlets and one first outlet;

[0007] A plurality of second reaction channels are linearly spaced along a first direction, at least two second outlets and one second inlet are provided on the second reaction channels, the second reaction channels and the first reaction channels are stacked and staggered, the first inlet of the first reaction channel is connected to the second outlet on the previous second reaction channel, the first outlet of the first reaction channel is connected to the second inlet on the next second reaction channel, a transition channel is provided at the connection between the second inlet and the main body of the second reaction channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition channel along the flow direction of the fluid is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet.

[0008] Optionally, the first reaction channel and the second reaction channel are both "Ω"-shaped channels, and the "Ω"-shaped channel includes an arc-shaped main body and two connecting parts arranged at the ends of the arc-shaped main body, and the first outlet and the second inlet are both arranged in the cavity formed by the arc-shaped main body, and the first inlet and the second outlet are both arranged at the connecting parts.

[0009] Optionally, the first reaction channels and the second reaction channels are arranged in multiple rows in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and two adjacent second reaction channels in the second direction are connected to each other.

[0010] Optionally, a connecting channel connecting two adjacent second reaction channels is provided on the arc-shaped main body portion.

[0011] The present invention also provides a microchannel reaction component having the microchannel structure of the present invention.

[0012] Optionally, it includes a first mixing channel and a second mixing channel arranged in a stacked manner, each of the first mixing channel and the second mixing channel includes a plurality of groups of first reaction channels and second reaction channels arranged alternately at intervals, the first outlet on the first mixing channel is connected to the second inlet on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the first inlet on the first mixing channel is connected to the second outlet on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the first reaction channel in the same direction on the first mixing channel and the second reaction channel in the corresponding direction on the second mixing channel are in opposite directions and are staggered, so that the first mixing channel is completely connected to the second mixing channel.

[0013] Optionally, at least two reaction medium inlets are provided on the first mixing channel, and the at least two reaction medium inlets are both connected to the same group of first reaction channels.

[0014] Optionally, the first mixing channel and the second mixing channel are both formed on the same single plate.

[0015] Optionally, the first mixing channel is formed on the first reaction plate, the second mixing channel is formed on the second reaction plate, and the first reaction plate and the second reaction plate are stacked and spliced.

[0016] The present invention also provides a microchannel reactor having the microchannel reaction component of the present invention.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The microchannel structure provided by the present invention comprises: a plurality of first reaction channels, which are linearly spaced along a first direction, and the first reaction channels are provided with at least two first inlets and one first outlet; a plurality of second reaction channels, which are linearly spaced along the first direction, and the second reaction channels are provided with at least two second outlets and one second inlet, the second reaction channels are stacked and staggered with the first reaction channels, the first inlet of the first reaction channel is connected to the second outlet on the previous second reaction channel, the first outlet of the first reaction channel is connected to the second inlet on the next second reaction channel, a transition channel is provided at the connection between the second inlet and the main body of the second reaction channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition channel along the flow direction of the fluid is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet.

[0019] The first reaction channel and the second reaction channel are connected end to end and stacked and staggered. Multiple reaction media enter the first reaction channel together and mix, then flow to the second inlet through the first outlet and enter the transition channel in the next layer. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition channel is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet along the flow direction of the fluid, the flow rate of the reaction medium will increase instantly after the violent collision through the channel, thereby enhancing the mixing degree of the reaction medium. After passing through the transition channel, the reaction medium is divided into at least two streams, and enters another first reaction channel through different second outlets respectively. By using the reaction medium to continuously merge and then split, and then merge again after splitting, accompanied by up and down surging and the instantaneous increase of the reaction medium flow rate achieved by the transition channel, the mixing effect of the reaction medium in the microchannel can be effectively improved, thereby improving the reaction yield of the product, reducing the residual rate of the raw materials, thereby reducing the waste of the reaction raw materials, and improving the production benefits.

[0020] 2. The microchannel structure provided by the present invention, the first reaction channel and the second reaction channel are both "Ω"-shaped channels, the "Ω"-shaped channel includes an arc-shaped main body and two connecting parts arranged at the ends of the arc-shaped main body, the first outlet and the second inlet are both arranged in the cavity enclosed by the arc-shaped main body, and the first inlet and the second outlet are both arranged at the connecting parts. The first outlet and the second inlet are both arranged in the cavity enclosed by the arc-shaped main body, so that the flow direction of the reaction medium from the first reaction channel to the first outlet is opposite to the flow direction after entering the transition channel, and the reaction medium rolls up and down, so that the reaction medium collides violently with the inner wall of the channel when entering the transition channel, further improving the mixing effect.

[0021] 3. In the microchannel structure provided by the present invention, the first reaction channel and the second reaction channel are both arranged in multiple rows in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and two adjacent second reaction channels are arranged in communication in the second direction. Multiple groups of second reaction channels are connected to the first reaction channel in the horizontal direction, and adjacent second reaction channels are communicated in the second direction, so that the reaction medium flowing into the second reaction channel can be mixed with the reaction medium in the adjacent second reaction channel to balance the internal pressure between the channels, balance the medium flow inside the channels, and maximize the mixing effect.

[0022] 4. The microchannel reaction assembly provided by the present invention comprises a first mixing channel and a second mixing channel arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the first mixing channel and the second mixing channel both comprise a plurality of groups of first reaction channels and second reaction channels arranged alternately at intervals, wherein the first outlet on the first mixing channel is connected to the second inlet on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the first inlet on the first mixing channel is connected to the second outlet on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, and the first reaction channel in the same direction on the first mixing channel and the second reaction channel in the corresponding direction on the second mixing channel are in opposite directions and are arranged in an interlaced manner, so that the first mixing channel is completely connected to the second mixing channel. The first mixing channel and the second mixing channel are formed by using a plurality of groups of microchannel structures arranged at intervals, so that the reaction medium repeatedly passes through a plurality of first mixing channels and second mixing channels, thereby increasing the path length through which the reaction medium flows, increasing the mixing time of the reaction medium, and increasing the mixing effect of the reaction medium. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the reaction medium in the microchannel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of two rows of “Ω”-shaped channels arranged side by side according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microchannel reaction component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a partition provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5It is a schematic structural diagram of a first reaction plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second reaction plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a side plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microchannel reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of four columns of “Ω”-shaped channels arranged side by side in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. first reaction plate; 2. second reaction plate; 3. first reaction channel; 4. second reaction channel; 5. first inlet; 6. first outlet; 7. second inlet; 8. second outlet; 9. reaction medium inlet; 10. reaction medium outlet; 11. heat exchange plate; 12. side plate; 13. heat exchange medium inlet; 14. heat exchange medium outlet; 15. heat exchange flow channel; 16. transition channel; 17. partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a microchannel structure, including: a plurality of first reaction channels 3 and a plurality of second reaction channels 4.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of first reaction channels 3 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and two first inlets 5 and a first outlet 6 are provided on the first reaction channel 3. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first outlet 6 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first inlet 5. A plurality of second reaction channels 4 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and two second outlets 8 and a second inlet 7 are provided on the second reaction channel 4, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second outlet 8 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet 7. The second reaction channels 4 and the first reaction channels 3 are stacked and staggered, and the first inlet 5 of the middle first reaction channel 3 is connected to the second outlet 8 on the upper second reaction channel 4, and the first outlet 6 of the middle first reaction channel 3 is connected to the second inlet 7 on the lower second reaction channel 4, so as to connect the stacked first reaction channels 3 and the second reaction channels 4. A transition channel 16 is provided at the connection between the second inlet 7 and the main body of the second reaction channel 4, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition channel 16 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet 7 along the flow direction of the fluid.

[0042] The first reaction channel 3 and the second reaction channel 4 are both "Ω"-shaped channels. Along the flow direction of the fluid, the "Ω"-shaped channel is a variable inner diameter channel. The radial cross-sectional area of ​​the "Ω"-shaped channel changes continuously as the channel extends, so that the speed of the reaction medium moving in the first reaction channel 3 and the second reaction channel 4 changes continuously to increase the collision probability of the reaction medium. The "Ω"-shaped channel includes an arc-shaped main body and two connecting parts arranged at the ends of the arc-shaped main body. The first outlet 6 and the second inlet 7 are both arranged in the cavity enclosed by the arc-shaped main body, and the first inlet 5 and the second outlet 8 are both arranged at the connecting part. Figure 2As shown, the first reaction channels 3 and the second reaction channels 4 are arranged in two rows in the horizontal direction, and a connecting channel is provided on the arc-shaped main body of the second reaction channel 4 to connect two adjacent second reaction channels 4 in the horizontal direction.

[0043] By using the first reaction channel 3 and the second reaction channel 4 connected end to end and stacked, multiple reaction media enter the first reaction channel 3 together and mix, then flow to the second inlet 7 through the first outlet 6, and enter the transition channel 16 in the next layer. Since the transition channel 16 is arranged from the main part of the second reaction channel 4 toward the second outlet 8, the flow direction of the reaction medium from the first reaction channel 3 to the first outlet 6 is opposite to the flow direction after entering the transition channel 16, so that the reaction medium collides violently with the inner wall of the channel when entering the transition channel 16. At the same time, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition channel 16 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet 7 along the flow direction of the fluid, the flow rate of the reaction medium will increase instantly after the violent collision through the channel, increasing the collision strength of the reaction medium and further enhancing the mixing degree of the reaction medium. After passing through the transition channel 16, the reaction medium is divided into two streams, respectively entering another first reaction channel 3 through different second outlets 8, and the reaction medium entering the first reaction channel 3 from the two first inlets 5 flows together to the first outlet 6 to gather into one stream and enter the next second reaction channel 4. By utilizing the reaction medium to continuously merge and then diverge, and then merge again after divergence, accompanied by up and down surging and the instantaneous reversal of the flow direction and increase in flow velocity achieved by the transition channel 16, the mixing effect of the reaction medium in the microchannel can be effectively improved, thereby improving the reaction yield, reducing the waste of raw materials, and increasing production benefits.

[0044] As an alternative embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, four rows of first reaction channels 3 and second reaction channels 4 are arranged in the horizontal direction, and a connecting channel is provided between two adjacent second reaction channels 4 in the horizontal direction to connect all four second reaction channels 4 .

[0045] As an alternative embodiment, two second reaction channels 4 adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are arranged tangentially, and the two second reaction channels 4 are directly connected at the tangential position.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a microchannel reaction component having the microchannel structure described in Example 1. Figure 3As shown, it includes a first mixing channel and a second mixing channel arranged in a stacked manner, and the first mixing channel and the second mixing channel both include a plurality of groups of first reaction channels 3 and second reaction channels 4 arranged alternately at intervals. In this embodiment, each group of first reaction channels 3 includes two columns of first reaction channels 3, and each group of second reaction channels 4 includes two columns of second reaction channels 4. The first outlet 6 on the first mixing channel is connected to the second inlet 7 on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the first inlet 5 on the first mixing channel is connected to the second outlet 8 on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, and the first reaction channels 3 in the same direction on the first mixing channel and the second reaction channels 4 in the corresponding direction on the second mixing channel are in opposite directions and are staggered, so that the first mixing channel is completely connected to the second mixing channel.

[0048] The first mixing channel is formed on the first reaction plate 1, and the second mixing channel is formed on the second reaction plate 2. The first reaction plate 1 and the second reaction plate 2 are stacked and spliced. A partition 17 is provided between the first reaction plate 1 and the second reaction plate 2. Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of auxiliary channels are vertically arranged on the partition 17, and the auxiliary channels are respectively installed corresponding to the first inlet 5, the first outlet 6, the second inlet 7 and the second outlet 8 on the first reaction plate 1, so as to connect the first reaction plate 1 with the first mixing channel and the second mixing channel on the second reaction plate 2. Figure 5 As shown, two reaction medium inlets 9 are provided on the first reaction plate 1. The two reaction medium inlets 9 are connected to the two first inlets 5 on the first reaction channel 3 on the upper right corner of the second reaction plate 2 through the auxiliary channel after flowing through a section of the channel respectively. Figure 6 As shown, a reaction medium outlet 10 is provided on the second reaction plate 2 , and the reaction medium outlet 10 is connected to the first outlets 6 on the two first reaction channels 3 on the upper left corner of the second reaction plate 2 .

[0049] The first mixing channel and the second mixing channel are formed by using multiple groups of microchannel structures to be arranged at intervals, so that the reaction medium repeatedly passes through the multiple first mixing channels and the second mixing channels, thereby increasing the path length through which the reaction medium flows. While enhancing the collision strength of the reaction medium, the mixing time of the reaction medium is increased, the mixing effect of the reaction medium is increased, the reaction yield is improved, the residual rate of the raw materials is reduced, and the waste of the reaction raw materials is reduced, thereby increasing the production income.

[0050] As an alternative embodiment, the first mixing channel and the second mixing channel are formed on the same single plate. The first mixing channel is provided with two reaction medium inlets 9, which are both connected to the same group of first reaction channels 3 provided on the rightmost side of the single plate.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, this embodiment provides a microchannel reactor having the microchannel reaction component described in Example 2. Fig. 9 As shown, heat exchange components are stacked on both sides of the microchannel reaction component, and the heat exchange components include a heat exchange plate 11 and side plates 12 stacked on both sides of the heat exchange plate 11. Figure 7 As shown, the heat exchange plate 11 is provided with a heat exchange medium inlet 13 and a heat exchange medium outlet 14, and a heat exchange flow channel 15 is provided between the heat exchange medium inlet 13 and the heat exchange medium outlet 14. Figure 8 As shown, openings corresponding to the heat exchange medium inlet 13, the heat exchange medium outlet 14, the reaction medium inlet 9 and the reaction medium outlet 10 are provided on the side plate 12. The heat exchange medium is introduced into the heat exchange flow channel 15 to control the temperature of the medium in the microchannel reaction assembly between a pair of heat exchange assemblies, so that the reaction medium mixed in the microchannel reaction assembly can participate in the reaction at a suitable temperature.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A microchannel structure, characterized in that: include: A plurality of first reaction channels (3) are linearly arranged at intervals along a first direction, wherein the first reaction channels (3) are provided with at least two first inlets (5) and one first outlet (6); A plurality of second reaction channels (4) are linearly spaced along a first direction, the second reaction channels (4) are provided with at least two second outlets (8) and one second inlet (7), the second reaction channels (4) and the first reaction channels (3) are stacked and staggered, the first inlet (5) of the first reaction channel (3) is connected to the second outlet (8) on the previous second reaction channel (4), the first outlet (6) of the first reaction channel (3) is connected to the second inlet (7) on the next second reaction channel (4), the second inlet (7) is connected to the A transition channel (16) is provided at the main body connection of the second reaction channel (4); along the flow direction of the fluid, the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition channel (16) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second inlet (7); the first reaction channel (3) and the second reaction channel (4) are both "Ω"-shaped channels, the "Ω"-shaped channels comprising an arc-shaped main body and two connecting parts arranged at the ends of the arc-shaped main body; the first outlet (6) and the second inlet (7) are both arranged in a cavity enclosed by the arc-shaped main body; and the first inlet (5) and the second outlet (8) are both arranged at the connecting parts.

2. The microchannel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reaction channels (3) and the second reaction channels (4) are arranged in multiple rows in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and two adjacent second reaction channels (4) in the second direction are connected.

3. The microchannel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting channel connecting two adjacent second reaction channels (4) is provided on the arc-shaped main body.

4. A microchannel reaction assembly, characterized in that: A microchannel structure having any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The microchannel reaction assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first mixing channel and a second mixing channel arranged in a stacked manner, wherein the first mixing channel and the second mixing channel each comprise a plurality of groups of the first reaction channels (3) and the second reaction channels (4) arranged alternately and spaced apart, the first outlet (6) on the first mixing channel is connected to the second inlet (7) on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the first inlet (5) on the first mixing channel is connected to the second outlet (8) on the second mixing channel in a one-to-one correspondence, the first reaction channels (3) on the first mixing channel in the same direction and the second reaction channels (4) on the second mixing channel in the corresponding direction are arranged in opposite directions and staggered, so that the first mixing channel is completely connected to the second mixing channel.

6. The microchannel reaction assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least two reaction medium inlets (9) are provided on the first mixing channel, and at least two of the reaction medium inlets (9) are connected to the same group of the first reaction channels (3).

7. The microchannel reaction assembly according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first mixing channel and the second mixing channel are both formed on the same single plate.

8. The microchannel reaction assembly according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The first mixing channel is formed on the first reaction plate (1), the second mixing channel is formed on the second reaction plate (2), and the first reaction plate (1) and the second reaction plate (2) are stacked and spliced.

9. A microchannel reactor, characterized in that: A microchannel reaction component according to any one of claims 4 to 8.

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