track

Abstract

The present invention relates to a track comprising track units and track seats. Multiple track units are arranged in sequence from left to right, with the adjacent ends of each pair of adjacent track units connected via a common track seat. The track units comprise a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate, and a plurality of track teeth spaced apart and connected between the front and rear vertical plates. The bottom and front side surfaces of the front vertical plate are hardened surfaces, and the upper portion of the rear vertical plate is provided with a rearwardly protruding step. The top surface of the rear vertical plate, the rear side surface of the step, and the bottom surface of the step are hardened surfaces. The present invention can improve the adaptability of the guide system of a drum mining machine to high-hardness, high-lump ore, prevent rapid wear and collapse of the guide system, and shorten troubleshooting time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a track on which a mining machine can walk and slide, and is particularly suitable for situations where the ore is in block form and the existing guide sliding shoes are obviously worn, especially the bottom hooks of the existing guide sliding shoes are severely worn. The invention belongs to the technical field of well mining machinery. Background Art

[0002] When using a drum miner to mine high-hardness ores, the reaction force (especially impact) generated by cutting the hard ores has a great impact on the mining machine's walking meshing system. In addition, the larger the size of the ores, the adaptability of the mining machine's walking meshing system will be severely tested (the faster the contact surface wears and collapses due to eccentric loads, the worse the adaptability). For example Figure 12 The walking meshing system of the existing structure shown in the figure, when encountering high-hardness and large-block accumulations on the track that cannot be effectively discharged, the walking gear teeth are unable to break the rocks in time, and the guide shoes are stuck by the rocks, resulting in severe wear and crushing of the meshing system, which significantly reduces the life of the walking meshing system. A large number of replacements are often required, which seriously affects the economic efficiency of mining.

[0003] In response to the above problems, the industry has proposed increasing the thickness and length of the wear-resistant layer on the contact surface of the mining machine's guide shoe, and taking further surface hardening measures on the rail contact surface. Although these measures have improved and increased the service life of the existing mining machine's walking engagement system to a certain extent, the above problems have not been fundamentally solved, and still affect the mining machine's walking speed, and are still an important factor restricting production capacity and economic mining. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a track that can solve the problem of adaptability of the walking meshing system of a drum mining machine to high-hardness and high-lump mineral materials, and avoid the problems of rapid wear and crushing of the walking meshing system under such conditions and the need for large-scale replacement.

[0005] The main technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0006] A track comprises a track unit and a track seat, wherein the multiple track units are arranged in sequence on the left and right sides, and the ends of each adjacent two track units that are close to each other are connected by the same track seat, and the track unit comprises a front vertical plate, a rear vertical plate and a plurality of track teeth spaced apart and distributed on the left and right sides between the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate, the bottom surface and the front side surface of the front vertical plate are both configured as hardened surfaces, the upper portion of the rear vertical plate is provided with a step protruding backwards, and the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the rear side surface of the step and the bottom surface of the step are all configured as hardened surfaces.

[0007] A downwardly extending connection ear is respectively provided below the left and right ends of the rear vertical plate, and the track unit is mounted on the track seat through the connection ears.

[0008] Between two adjacent track teeth is a track tooth socket, and the front and rear side surfaces of the track tooth socket are preferably vertically extended surfaces. Alternatively, the front and rear widths of the track tooth socket can also be set to be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0009] The top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the tooth top surface of the track tooth is an inclined tooth top surface that is lower in the front and higher in the rear, and the lower bottom surface of the track tooth is an inclined lower bottom surface that is lower in the front and higher in the rear, or the top surface of the front vertical plate is set to a hardened surface, the top surface of the front vertical plate is flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the height of the step is less than the height of the front vertical plate.

[0010] The middle of the front portion of the rail seat is preferably configured as an inclined surface with a lower front and a higher rear.

[0011] The bottom of the rear vertical plate and the top of the connecting ear are preferably connected by a transition section extending obliquely backward and downward, the top of the transition section extends forward to the lower bottom surfaces of the leftmost and rightmost track teeth of the track unit respectively, and the front side surface of the connecting ear is located behind the front side surface of the rear vertical plate.

[0012] The transition section may be provided with a bottom plane located in front of the corresponding connecting ear, and the bottom plane is in contact with the front top surface of the rail seat.

[0013] The track may further include a material leakage guide surface, which is fixedly arranged with an inclination with the front lower and the rear higher relative to the track unit, and the material leakage guide surface is located below the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate.

[0014] The material leakage guiding surface between adjacent rail seats is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guiding plate, and the material leakage guiding surface at the rail seat is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guiding plate and / or the surface on the rail seat.

[0015] The material leakage guiding surface between two adjacent rail seats is continuous front to back, and the material leakage guiding surface at the rail seat is separately arranged in front and rear of the rail seat.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention adds a hardened surface on the bottom of the step, which contacts and cooperates with the rear bottom wear-resistant layer of the guide shoe. The rear bottom guide matching surface formed can effectively balance the force when the walking wheel and the track unit are engaged together with the front bottom guide matching surface, especially when the meshing force (broken rock blocks) increases sharply due to the high-hardness and large-block mineral materials filling the track tooth sockets. Not only does it increase the bottom force contact area, but the balanced force on both sides of the walking wheel avoids the problems of eccentric load caused by unilateral force, high stress contact area caused by eccentric load, and rapid wear and crushing.

[0018] Since the front and rear side surfaces of the track tooth socket are both vertical or nearly vertical surfaces, that is, the front and rear widths of the tooth socket are the same or basically the same, compared with the existing funnel-shaped tooth socket that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, it can facilitate the smooth falling of the mineral material in the track tooth socket, and will not cause mineral material obstruction or accumulation, which helps to solve the problem of leakage and discharge difficulty of large-block mineral materials.

[0019] The track unit is configured as a slanted structure with a lower front and a higher rear, which can form a wider material leakage space in the track tooth sockets and under the track unit, and can guide the ore to move forward and downward, helping to avoid ore accumulation.

[0020] By arranging the transition section between the upper end of the connecting ear and the rear vertical plate, a larger leakage space can be made in front of the connecting ear, and sufficient strength of the connecting ear's support for the front vertical plate, rear vertical plate and track teeth can be ensured.

[0021] The middle of the front portion of the track seat is preferably configured as an inclined surface with a lower front and a higher rear, which can facilitate the discharge of leaked materials between two adjacent track units and avoid accumulation.

[0022] When a leakage guide surface is provided, the present invention can form a first leakage channel and a second leakage channel in combination with a guide shoe, thereby ensuring that the mineral materials around the track unit (whether they are soil-like or block-like high-hardness mineral materials) can be pushed out from the top of the track unit by the guide shoe, and slide into the conveying trough from the tooth top of the track unit, or be crushed downward into the first leakage channel, or small pieces of mineral materials can be directly squeezed into the conveying trough through the second leakage channel, or the mineral materials under the bottom surface of the rear vertical plate step can be squeezed into the second leakage channel by the guide shoe, thereby avoiding the influence of mineral material accumulation on the walking meshing system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall installation of a mining machine travel engagement system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the track unit described in ;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 DD cross-sectional view;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 KK cross-sectional view;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A front view of the track seat;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the guide shoe;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 GG cross-sectional view;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the leakage channel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the track unit;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 The overall installation diagram of the mining machine travel engagement system where the track is shown;

[0033] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the block mineral material flowing out of the leakage channel in the traveling meshing system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the existing structure of the travel meshing system encountering material accumulation on the track that cannot be effectively discharged, affecting the travel wheel and causing wear of the guide shoe.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Guide shoe; 11. Front side wear layer; 12. Rear top wear layer; 13. Rear side wear layer; 14. Rear bottom wear layer; 15. Front bottom wear layer;

[0037] 2. Track unit; 21. Front vertical plate; 211. Bottom of front vertical plate; 212. Side of front vertical plate; 213. Top of front vertical plate; 22. Rear vertical plate; 221. Top of rear vertical plate; 222. Rear side of step; 223. Bottom of step; 224. Bottom of rear vertical plate; 23. Track tooth; 230. Tooth top surface; 231. Tooth surface of track tooth; 232. Front side of track tooth socket; 233. Rear side of track tooth socket; 234. Lower bottom surface of track tooth; 24. Connecting ear; 241. Connecting ear hole; 242. Connecting ear support surface;

[0038] 3. Travel wheel; 321. Travel wheel teeth; 3211. Top surface of the teeth;

[0039] 5. Conveying trough; 51. Shovel plate; 52. Track seat; 521. Material leakage port; 53. Material leakage guide plate;

[0040] 81. First leakage channel; 82. Second leakage channel;

[0041] 91. Mineral materials that are pushed out in a lump or other form; 92. Mineral materials that are accumulated in the track units of existing structures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention discloses a track, such as Figure 1-11 As shown, the track unit 2 and track seat 52 are arranged in a row from left to right, with the adjacent ends of each pair of track units connected by a common track seat. The track unit includes a front vertical plate 21, a rear vertical plate 22, and a plurality of track teeth 23 spaced apart and connected between the front and rear vertical plates. The bottom surface 211 and front side surface 212 of the front vertical plate are hardened surfaces, respectively designed to contact and mate with the front bottom wear-resistant layer 15 and front side wear-resistant layer 11 of the corresponding guide shoe 1. The upper portion of the rear vertical plate is provided with a rearwardly protruding step. The top surface 221 (including the top surface of the step), the rear side surface 222 of the step, and the bottom surface 223 of the step are hardened surfaces, respectively designed to contact and mate with the rear top wear-resistant layer 12, rear side wear-resistant layer 13, and rear bottom wear-resistant layer 14 of the corresponding guide shoe. These wear-resistant layers form the guide groove of the guide shoe. The five hardened surfaces correspond to the five wear-resistant layers one by one. The thickening of the wear-resistant layer and the hardened surface are beneficial to increasing the wear life of the contact surface and improving the structural reliability of the travel meshing system.

[0043] The present invention should be used in conjunction with the guide shoe 1 having the above-mentioned five-directional wear-resistant layers. The front bottom wear-resistant layer 15 and the front side wear-resistant layer 11 on the guide shoe are connected end to end in sequence to form an L-shaped groove with the notch facing rearward and upward, and the rear top wear-resistant layer 12 and the rear side wear-resistant layer 13 and the rear bottom wear-resistant layer 14 are connected end to end in sequence to form a double-sided groove with the notch facing forward. The five hardened surfaces on the guide rail unit contact and cooperate with the above-mentioned five wear-resistant layers of the guide groove of the guide shoe in a one-to-one correspondence, forming five pairs of guide matching surfaces, so that the guide shoe spans the rail unit through the guide groove and forms a left-right sliding matching structure with the rail unit, thereby realizing the walking guide of the mining machine. Compared with the existing rails (see Figure 12 , with no hardened surface at the rear bottom. The present invention adds a hardened surface to the bottom of the step, which, combined with the wear-resistant layer at the rear bottom of the guide shoe, forms a guide mating surface at the rear bottom. Together with the guide mating surface at the front bottom, this effectively balances the forces acting on the running wheel 3. Specifically, when the running wheels engage, they achieve force balance in both the front and rear directions, preventing uneven wear of the guide shoe. Because lateral guide mating surfaces are also provided on the front and rear sides to provide lateral support, the overall force state of the running wheels is maintained, even under adverse operating conditions. This improves the adaptability of the running meshing system, ultimately significantly enhancing its reliability and significantly extending the life of the guide shoe and rail.

[0044] The tooth surface 231 of the track tooth is surface hardened, which helps to ensure the meshing effect.

[0045] The left and right ends of the rear vertical plate each have downwardly extending connecting ears 24 below. The track unit is mounted to the track base 52 via these connecting ears and pins. During use, the track base is fixed to the rear trough of the conveyor trough 5. The track unit is specifically connected to the track base via connecting ear holes 241 in the left and right connecting ears of the rear vertical plate. The left and right pin holes in the track base are one circular hole and the other is a long strip with the long axis horizontal, ensuring a small amount of left-right movement of the track unit relative to the track base.

[0046] Between two adjacent track teeth is a track tooth socket. The front side surface 232 and the rear side surface 233 of the track tooth socket (also the rear side surface of the front vertical plate and the front side surface of the rear vertical plate) are both vertical or nearly vertical surfaces. That is, the front and rear widths of the tooth socket are equal or substantially equal in width from top to bottom. Compared with the existing funnel-shaped tooth sockets that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, this can facilitate the smooth drop of the ore in the track tooth socket, without causing ore jamming or accumulation, and helps solve the problem of leakage and difficulty in discharging large ore blocks. Alternatively, the front and rear width of the track tooth socket can be set to be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which is also convenient for leaking and discharging.

[0047] Since the forces acting on the walking wheel when meshing with the track unit can always be kept balanced, the gap between the wheel teeth 321 of the walking wheel and the front and rear sides of the track tooth socket can be appropriately reduced. That is, when the structural dimensions of the walking wheel remain unchanged, the front-to-back distance of the track tooth socket can be reduced, and the needs of the walking wheel moving forward and backward and horizontally deflecting relative to the track within the range of the guide shoe frame can still be met, thereby ensuring that the walking wheel has sufficient adaptability.

[0048] Furthermore, the front side surface and the rear side surface of the track tooth socket may also be vertical planes.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the rear vertical plate, and the bottom surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the bottom surface of the rear vertical plate. The tooth top surface 230 of the track tooth is an inclined tooth top surface with a lower front and a higher back, which provides guidance for the fall of large pieces of ore and their entry into the conveying trough 5 from the front of the track unit. The lower bottom surface 234 of the track tooth is an inclined lower bottom surface with a lower front and a higher back. The track unit is configured as a whole with this inclined structure with a lower front and a higher back, which can form a wider material leakage space within the track tooth socket and below the track unit, and can also guide the ore to move forward and downward, helping to prevent ore accumulation.

[0050] The top surface of the front vertical plate can also be set to a hardened surface, such as Figure 9As shown, it is used to contact and mate with the front top wear-resistant layer on the guide shoe. In this case, the top surface of the front vertical plate is preferably flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the height of the step is less than that of the front vertical plate. The six hardened surfaces correspond one-to-one with the six wear-resistant layers, forming six pairs of guide mating surfaces. This further improves the wear life of the contact surfaces, enhances the structural reliability of the running meshing system, and simplifies the structure of the track unit.

[0051] The front middle of the track seat is preferably provided with a concave notch, and the top surface of the concave notch is provided with an inclined surface which is low in the front and high in the back. This surface can be called a leakage opening 521 to facilitate the discharge of leakage materials between two adjacent track units and avoid accumulation.

[0052] The bottom of the rear vertical plate and the top of the connecting ear are connected by a transition section that extends obliquely backward and downward. The top of the transition section extends forward to the lower bottom surfaces of the leftmost and rightmost track teeth of the track unit respectively. The front side surface of the connecting ear is located behind the front side surface of the rear vertical plate, so that the main body of the track unit composed of the front vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and the track teeth is in a forward cantilevered shape relative to the connecting ear, so as to make room for more material leakage and discharge below the main body of the track unit. The top of the transition section extends forward to connect with the lower bottom surface of the corresponding outermost track tooth on the track unit, playing a structural reinforcement role. The setting of the transition section can not only make more material leakage space in front of the connecting ear, but also ensure that the connecting ear has sufficient strength to support the front vertical plate, the rear vertical plate and the track teeth.

[0053] The transition section has a bottom flat surface located in front of and above the corresponding connecting ear, referred to as the connecting ear support surface 242. When installed, the connecting ear support surface contacts the front top surface of the track base. This support surface 242 primarily serves to withstand the downward bending moment of the overhanging track unit and provides vertical support in contact with the track base connecting ear.

[0054] The track may further include a material leakage guide surface, which is fixedly arranged with an inclination of being lower in front and higher in the back relative to the track unit. The material leakage guide surface is located below the front and rear vertical plates and avoids the connection ears.

[0055] The material leakage guide surface between adjacent rail seats can be formed by the smooth top surface of the material leakage guide plate 53. The material leakage guide surface at the rail seat can be formed by the top surface of the material leakage guide plate 53 and / or a surface on the rail seat. When the material leakage guide plate 53 is used, it can usually be welded to the conveying trough.

[0056] The material leakage guide surface located between two adjacent rail seats is preferably a front-to-back continuous surface, and the material leakage guide surface at the rail seat is separately arranged in front and rear of the rail seat.

[0057] When the present invention is used in a mining machine's travel meshing system, the track tooth pockets and the space extending forward and downward from the lower opening of the track tooth pockets along the interlayer between the front of the guide shoe and the material leakage guide surface form a first material leakage channel 81. The tips of the travel wheel teeth crush the accumulated ore in the track tooth pockets and squeeze the crushed ore into the first material leakage channel. A second material leakage channel 82, which continues downward and continues from the bottom of the step along the interlayer between the rear of the guide shoe, the rear upright, the track teeth, the front upright, and the front of the guide shoe (located above) and the material leakage guide surface (located below), forms a continuous downward space. The setting of the first and second leakage channels ensures that the mineral materials around the track unit (whether they are soil-like or block-like high-hardness mineral materials) can be pushed out from the top of the track unit after being pushed by the guide slide shoe, and slide into the conveying trough from the tooth top of the track unit, or be crushed downward into the first leakage channel, or small pieces of mineral materials are directly squeezed into the conveying trough through the second leakage channel, or the mineral materials under the bottom surface 223 of the rear vertical plate step are squeezed into the second leakage channel by the bottom hook at the rear of the slide shoe, thus avoiding the influence of mineral accumulation on the walking meshing system. The mineral materials flowing out of the first leakage channel and the second leakage channel eventually enter the conveying trough 5. The lower bottom surface 234 of the track tooth is an inclined surface with a low front and a high back, which together with the bottom surface 224 of the rear vertical plate constitute the top of the second leakage channel. The long strip space between the two adjacent track seats in the installed state is also the space between the left and right connecting ear seats of each track unit, which is used for discharging materials from the first leakage channel and the second leakage channel corresponding to the middle part of each track unit. Comparison Figure 11 and 12 It can be seen that when the walking meshing system of the present invention is used, the block-shaped mineral materials 91 that are pushed and discharged can smoothly enter the conveying trough, while when the walking meshing system of the existing structure is used, the mineral materials 92 accumulate at the track unit and cannot be effectively discharged.

[0058] In the mining machine's travel meshing system, the travel wheel is sleeved onto the travel wheel axle, with the front and rear ends of the travel wheel axle supported on the travel unit housing. The travel wheel teeth 321 mesh with the track teeth 23. The front and rear portions of the guide shoes are threaded onto the travel wheel axle, located on the front and rear sides of the travel wheel, respectively. The tooth top surfaces 3211 of the travel wheel teeth are inclined, with a larger diameter at the front and a smaller diameter at the rear, providing guidance for large ore blocks falling into the conveyor chute.

[0059] The conveying trough also includes a shovel plate 51, which is located at the front of the conveying trough. The walking wheel axle is installed at the rear of the mining machine body. The rear of the mining machine body is supported on the track through guide shoes, and the front of the mining machine is supported on the shovel plate 51 through supporting shoes, thereby realizing a guiding connection between the mining machine and the conveying trough.

[0060] In this article, the direction of the mining machine approaching the ore wall to be mined when working is called the front, and the direction away from the ore wall to be mined is called the rear.

Claims

1. A track, characterized in that: The cam is connected to the front of the track by means of a plurality of guide rails, and the guide rails are connected to the front and rear track rails by means of a plurality of guide rails. The connecting ear, the track unit is installed on the track seat through the connecting ear, the bottom of the rear vertical plate and the top of the connecting ear are connected by a transition section extending obliquely backward and downward, the top of the transition section extends forward to the lower bottom surfaces of the track teeth at the leftmost and rightmost ends of the track unit respectively, the front side surface of the connecting ear is located behind the front side surface of the rear vertical plate, and the leakage guide surface is fixedly arranged with respect to the track unit with a lower front and a higher rear. The leakage guide surface is located below the front vertical plate and the rear vertical plate, the track tooth socket and the space extending forward and downward from the lower mouth of the track tooth socket along the front of the guide shoe and the interlayer between the leakage guide surface form a first leakage channel, and the space extending forward and downward from the bottom of the step along the interlayer between the rear of the guide shoe, the rear vertical plate, the track teeth, the front vertical plate and the front of the guide shoe and the leakage guide surface form a second leakage channel that continues downward.

2. The track according to claim 1, wherein: The front side surface and the rear side surface of the track tooth socket are both vertically extended surfaces, or the front-to-back width of the track tooth socket is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom.

3. The track according to claim 1, wherein: The top surface of the front vertical plate is lower than the top surface of the rear vertical plate, the tooth top surface of the track tooth is an inclined tooth top surface that is lower in the front and higher in the rear, and the lower bottom surface of the track tooth is an inclined lower bottom surface that is lower in the front and higher in the rear, or the top surface of the front vertical plate is set to a hardened surface, the top surface of the front vertical plate is flush with the top surface of the rear vertical plate, and the height of the step is less than the height of the front vertical plate.

4. The track according to claim 1, wherein: The middle of the front portion of the track seat is arranged as an inclined surface with a lower front and a higher rear.

5. The track according to claim 1, wherein: The transition section is provided with a bottom plane located in front of the corresponding connecting ear, and the bottom plane is in contact with the front top surface of the rail seat.

6. The track according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The material leakage guiding surface between adjacent rail seats is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guiding plate, and the material leakage guiding surface at the rail seat is formed by the top surface of the material leakage guiding plate and / or the surface on the rail seat.

7. The track according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material leakage guiding surface between two adjacent rail seats is continuous front to back, and the material leakage guiding surface at the rail seat is separately arranged in front and rear of the rail seat.

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