A movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device

Abstract

A movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device comprises a fixed workbench and a movable tooling plate, wherein a lifting cylinder, a pushing cylinder and a positioning boss are arranged on the fixed workbench, the end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to a wedge-shaped plug block, the end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder is fixedly provided with a connecting block, the movable tooling plate comprises a movable table plate, a fixed dovetail groove plate, a movable dovetail groove plate and two or more guide screws, the fixed dovetail groove plate is fixedly connected to the movable table plate, the bottom of the movable dovetail groove plate is fixedly connected to one end of the guide screw, the movable table plate is provided with two or more guide grooves parallel to the movement direction of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder, the other end of the guide screw is slidably connected to the guide groove, and the middle part of the bottom surface of the movable dovetail groove plate is provided with a connecting groove which fits with the connecting block. The device adopts a modular movable dovetail groove structure, which solves the problem of excessive wear of the tooling plate and rapid loading of parts caused by incomplete fit between the tooling and the workpiece, thereby reducing the production complexity and equipment maintenance costs.

Description

Technical field:

[0002] The invention relates to the field of machinery, in particular to rail transit vehicle technology, and specifically to a movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device. Background technology:

[0004] At present, in the process of press-fitting and assembling the brake parts of rail transit vehicles, an expansion device with a fixed dovetail groove structure is used to fix the dovetail groove structure workpiece. The fixed dovetail groove structure has the characteristics of compact structure and firm connection, but in order to facilitate the loading and unloading of parts, a certain gap needs to be left at the matching size of the dovetail groove and the workpiece. The workpiece fixing device adopts this structural design, so the workpiece cannot be completely fixed and is prone to movement under the action of external force. Especially under working conditions with high frequency of movement, the tooling plate of the workpiece fixing device wears too quickly and is replaced frequently. Since the entire tooling plate needs to be replaced, the production cost is further increased. In addition, after the device adopts a fixed dovetail groove structure, the workpiece needs to be inserted into the dovetail groove from one end, resulting in high labor intensity for the workers and low working efficiency. Summary of the invention:

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device, which adopts a movable dovetail groove structure to replace the traditional fixed dovetail groove structure, and realizes self-locking through the inclined surface between the wedge-shaped plug block and the movable dovetail groove plate, which effectively solves the problems of excessive wear of the tooling plate caused by incomplete fit between the tooling and the workpiece in the traditional structure, and the existing equipment requires workers to insert the workpiece into the dovetail groove from one end when fixing the workpiece, resulting in high labor intensity and low operating efficiency, and effectively reduces the production complexity in the process of workpiece press assembly. At the same time, the modular design of the movable tooling plate realizes the partial replacement of the easily worn parts, effectively reducing the equipment maintenance cost.

[0007] The movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device of the present invention comprises a fixed workbench, wherein the fixed workbench is provided with a pushing cylinder and two lifting cylinders, the pushing cylinder is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the middle part of the fixed workbench, the upper parts of the two lifting cylinders are vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed workbench and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pushing cylinder, square through holes are opened in the fixed workbench at the corresponding positions of the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders and the pushing cylinders, the square through holes at the positions of the two lifting cylinders are surrounded by positioning bosses, the positioning bosses are fixedly arranged on the surface of the fixed workbench, the end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected with a wedge-shaped plug block, the lifting cylinder drives the wedge-shaped plug block to move up and down in the square through hole, the end of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder is fixed with a connecting block, the connecting block is located in the square through hole and the top protrudes out of the square through hole, the pushing cylinder drives the connecting block to reciprocate parallel to the surface of the fixed workbench, and a movable A tooling plate, wherein the movable tooling plate is fitted with the plane of the fixed workbench, the movable tooling plate comprises a movable table plate, a fixed dovetail groove plate, a movable dovetail groove plate and more than two guide screws, a through square hole corresponding to the square through hole is opened on the movable table plate, the movable tooling plate is sleeved and connected with the positioning boss through the through square hole, and is maintained at a fixed position on the table surface of the fixed workbench, the fixed dovetail groove plate is transversely arranged on one side of the through square hole and fixedly connected to the movable table plate, the movable dovetail groove plate is transversely arranged on the other side of the through square hole corresponding to the fixed dovetail groove plate, the contact surface between the movable dovetail groove plate and the wedge-shaped plug block is an inclined surface, the bottom of the movable dovetail groove plate is fixedly connected with one end of the guide screw, the movable table plate is provided with more than two guide grooves parallel to the moving direction of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder, the other end of the guide screw is slidably connected with the guide groove, and a connecting groove is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the movable dovetail groove plate, and the connecting groove is sleeved and connected with the connecting block.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting cylinder is connected to the wedge-shaped plug block via a T-shaped joint arranged in the wedge-shaped plug block.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable dovetail plate is fixed to the guide screw via threads.

[0010] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the wedge-shaped plug block falls to the lowest position under the drive of the lifting cylinder, the movable tooling plate is manually placed on the fixed workbench, the movable tooling plate is positioned and placed through the positioning boss on the fixed workbench table surface, and the movable dovetail groove plate is fitted with the connecting block, the moment switch drives the tightening cylinder to pull the movable dovetail groove plate to a closed state, the workpiece is manually loaded, one side of the dovetail groove is contacted with the fixed dovetail groove plate, the moment switch controls the movement of the tightening cylinder, pushes the movable dovetail groove plate to open and hold the workpiece tightly, the moment switch drives the lifting cylinder to move, pushes the wedge-shaped plug block out along the through hole, and inserts it between the fixed dovetail groove plate and the movable dovetail groove plate, so that the movable dovetail groove plate cannot retreat, thereby completing the fixation of the workpiece, and at the same time, the wedge-shaped plug block and the movable dovetail groove plate are self-locking through the inclined contact method. When taking out the workpiece in the reverse direction, first the switch is activated to drive the lifting cylinder to move downward, and the wedge-shaped plug falls along the through hole. Then the switch is activated to drive the pushing cylinder to retract the movable dovetail groove plate and release the workpiece.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a positive and obvious effect. The present invention adopts a movable dovetail groove structure, and realizes self-locking through the inclined surface between the wedge-shaped plug block and the movable dovetail groove plate, which effectively solves the problems of excessive wear of the tooling plate caused by incomplete fit between the tooling and the workpiece in the traditional structure, and the existing equipment requires workers to insert the workpiece into the dovetail groove from one end when the workpiece is fixed, resulting in high labor intensity and low operating efficiency. The production complexity in the workpiece press assembly process is effectively reduced. At the same time, the modular design of the movable tooling plate realizes the partial replacement of the easily worn parts, effectively reducing the equipment maintenance costs. Description of the drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the fixed workbench of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the movable tooling plate of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the movable tooling plate of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the fixed workbench of the present invention. Specific implementation method:

[0019] Embodiment 1:

[0020] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device of the present invention comprises a fixed workbench 1, on which a pushing cylinder 102 and two lifting cylinders 101 are arranged, the pushing cylinder 102 is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the middle part of the fixed workbench 1, the upper parts of the two lifting cylinders 101 are vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed workbench 1 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pushing cylinder 102, square through holes 2 are opened at the corresponding positions of the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 101 and the pushing cylinder 102 in the fixed workbench 1, and positioning bosses 5 are arranged around the square through holes 2 at the positions of the lifting cylinders 101. The boss 5 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the fixed workbench 1. The end of the piston rod of the jacking cylinder 101 is fixedly connected with a wedge-shaped plug 103. The jacking cylinder 101 drives the wedge-shaped plug 103 to move up and down in the square through hole 2. When loading, the wedge-shaped plug 103 falls to the lowest position under the drive of the jacking cylinder 101. The end of the piston rod of the tightening cylinder 102 is fixed with a connecting block 104. The connecting block 104 is located in the square through hole 2 and the top extends out of the square through hole 2. The tightening cylinder 102 drives the connecting block 104 to reciprocate parallel to the surface of the fixed workbench 1. A movable tooling plate 3 is arranged on the fixed workbench 1. The movable tooling plate 3 is flatly attached to the fixed workbench 1. The movable tooling plate 3 includes a movable table plate 301, a fixed dovetail groove plate 302, a movable dovetail groove plate 303 and more than two guide screws 304. The movable table plate 301 is provided with a through square hole 4 corresponding to the square through hole 2. The movable tooling plate 3 is sleeved and connected with the positioning boss 5 through the through square hole 4 to be kept at a fixed position on the table of the fixed workbench 1. The fixed dovetail groove plate 302 is transversely arranged on one side of the through square hole 4 and fixedly connected to the movable table plate 301. The movable dovetail groove plate 303 corresponds to the fixed dovetail groove plate 302. It is laterally arranged on the other side of the through square hole 4, the bottom of the movable dovetail groove plate 303 is fixedly connected to one end of the guide screw 304, and the movable table plate 301 is provided with more than two guide grooves 305 parallel to the movement direction of the piston rod of the tightening cylinder 102, and the other end of the guide screw 304 is slidably connected to the guide groove 305. A connecting groove 306 is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the movable dovetail groove plate 303, and the connecting groove 306 is sleeved and connected with the connecting block 104. The tightening cylinder 102 pushes the movable dovetail groove plate 303 to move along the guide groove 305 through the connecting block 104, so as to realize the loading, fixing and removal of workpieces.

[0021] Furthermore, the lifting cylinder 101 is connected to the wedge-shaped plug 103 via a T-joint 105 disposed inside the wedge-shaped plug 103 .

[0022] Furthermore, the movable dovetail groove plate 303 is fixed by threads and guide screws 304 , so that the movable dovetail groove plate 303 can be easily disassembled and replaced.

Claims

1. A movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device, comprising a fixed workbench, characterized in that: The fixed workbench is provided with a pushing cylinder and two lifting cylinders, the pushing cylinder is horizontally fixed on the bottom surface of the middle part of the fixed workbench, the upper parts of the two lifting cylinders are vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed workbench and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pushing cylinder, square through holes are opened in the fixed workbench at the corresponding positions of the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders and the pushing cylinders, the square through holes at the positions of the two lifting cylinders are surrounded by positioning bosses, the positioning bosses are fixedly arranged on the fixed workbench surface, the piston rod end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected with a wedge-shaped plug block, the lifting cylinder drives the wedge-shaped plug block to move up and down in the square through hole, the piston rod end of the pushing cylinder is fixed with a connecting block, the connecting block is located in the square through hole and the top protrudes out of the square through hole, the pushing cylinder drives the connecting block to reciprocate parallel to the fixed workbench surface, and a movable tooling plate is arranged on the fixed workbench, the movable tooling plate is connected to the fixed The fixed workbench plane is fitted, the movable tooling plate includes a movable table plate, a fixed dovetail groove plate, a movable dovetail groove plate and more than two guide screws, the movable table plate is provided with a through square hole corresponding to the square through hole, the movable tooling plate is sleeved and connected with the positioning boss through the through square hole, and is maintained at a fixed position on the fixed workbench table surface, the fixed dovetail groove plate is transversely arranged on one side of the through square hole and fixedly connected to the movable table plate, the movable dovetail groove plate is corresponding to the fixed dovetail groove plate, which is transversely arranged on the other side of the through square hole, the contact surface between the movable dovetail groove plate and the wedge-shaped plug block is an inclined surface, the bottom of the movable dovetail groove plate is fixedly connected to one end of the guide screw, the movable table plate is provided with more than two guide grooves parallel to the moving direction of the piston rod of the pushing cylinder, the other end of the guide screw is slidably connected to the guide groove, and a connecting groove is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the movable dovetail groove plate, and the connecting groove is sleeved and connected with the connecting block.

2. The movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting cylinder is connected to the wedge-shaped plug block via a T-shaped joint arranged in the wedge-shaped plug block.

3. The movable dovetail groove workpiece fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable dovetail groove plate is fixed to the guide screw via threads.

Images