A rock mass directional fracturing device and a rock mass directional blasting method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention provides a rock mass directional fracturing device and a rock mass directional blasting method, which relates to the field of mining engineering blasting. It includes: a main pipe, a heating rod, a filling head and an adapter; the filling head is connected to the first end of the main pipe, the adapter is connected to the second end of the main pipe, and a first terminal is provided on the adapter; a filling channel for filling carbon dioxide into the main pipe is provided on the filling head, and a needle valve for opening and closing the filling channel is provided in the filling channel; the heating rod includes a base and a paper tube provided on the base, a hole is reserved on the base, a second terminal is provided in the hole, the second terminal extends in the paper tube, a threading hole is provided at one end of the paper tube away from the base, a wire is provided on the second terminal, and one end of the paper tube is located in the paper tube, the wire is axially arranged in the paper tube, and is led out from the threading hole to the second terminal of the adapter; a groove is also provided in the axial direction of the side wall of the main pipe. It is convenient to realize the directional blasting of the rock mass, thereby improving the blasting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mining engineering blasting, and in particular to a rock mass directional fracturing device and a rock mass directional blasting method. Background Art

[0002] A fracturing device is a blasting device used to break rocks or falling coal. Its principle is to utilize the gasification and expansion of liquid carbon dioxide to quickly release high-pressure gas. Its volume can expand more than 600 times, thereby achieving the blasting effect. Due to its high safety, it has been widely used in rock blasting.

[0003] With the expansion of the application scope of traditional fracturing devices, they are gradually applied to the pre-splitting blasting of underground roofs in coal mines. However, in the process of realizing the invention, the inventors found that the traditional fracturing devices are point blasting devices, that is, the energy is released at a point, and the influence range of the blasting is limited. Under most working conditions, the directional fracture of the engineering rock mass cannot be achieved in a preset direction. Sometimes, the rock mass in the area near the blasting point is broken, while the rock mass in other areas is not fractured, which affects the blasting effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rock mass directional fracturing device and a rock mass directional blasting method, which are convenient for realizing directional blasting of the rock mass, thereby improving the blasting effect.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rock directional fracturing device, comprising: a main pipe, a heating rod, a charging head and an adapter; the charging head is connected to a first end of the main pipe, the adapter is connected to a second end of the main pipe, and a first terminal is provided on the adapter;

[0006] A filling channel for filling carbon dioxide into the main pipe is provided on the filling head, and a needle valve for opening and closing the filling channel is provided in the filling channel;

[0007] The heating rod comprises a base and a paper tube arranged on the base, the paper tube is arranged in the main cavity, a mounting hole is arranged on the filling head and parallel to the filling channel, the base of the heating rod is screwed into the mounting hole of the filling head, and the tail of the base is pressed against the end surface of the filling head, a hole is reserved on the base, a second terminal is arranged in the hole, the second terminal extends into the paper tube, a threading hole is arranged at one end of the paper tube away from the base, a wire is arranged at one end of the second terminal located in the paper tube, the wire is axially arranged in the paper tube, and is led out from the threading hole to be connected to the second terminal of the adapter;

[0008] The side wall of the main pipe is also provided with a groove in the axial direction.

[0009] Optionally, a sealing gasket is provided at the contact point between the tail of the base of the heating rod and the end surface of the filling head.

[0010] Optionally, the filling head includes an end cover, a boss is provided on a first surface of the end cover, the filling channel is axially arranged in parallel with the mounting hole, the filling channel is a stepped hole structure, including a first step hole and a second step hole, the first step hole and the second step hole are coaxially arranged, the first step hole is arranged through the first surface and the second surface of the end cover, and the second surface is opposite to the first surface;

[0011] The second step hole axially penetrates the boss and is connected to the first step hole, the aperture of the second step hole is larger than the aperture of the first step hole, an injection port penetrating the side of the boss is provided on the side wall of the second step hole, and a first thread is provided on the inner wall of the second step hole between the aperture of the second step hole and the injection port;

[0012] The mounting hole is arranged to penetrate the boss and the end cover, and a second thread is provided on the inner wall of the mounting hole between the hole opening of the mounting hole and the first surface of the end cover.

[0013] Optionally, the filling head is welded to the first end of the main pipe through the second surface of the end cover, and the adapter is welded to the second end of the main pipe.

[0014] Optionally, the base comprises an end plate, a first boss and a second boss, the end plate is a rounded rectangular shape, the first boss is stacked on the first surface of the end plate, the second boss is stacked on the upper surface of the first boss, and the end plate, the first boss and the second boss are coaxially arranged;

[0015] The first boss and the second boss are cylindrical structures, the outer circumferential surface of the second boss has a third thread, the distance from the center to the edge of the end plate is greater than the bottom radius of the first boss, and the bottom radius of the first boss is greater than the bottom radius of the second boss;

[0016] The channel runs through the base and includes a first-step channel and a second-step channel. The first-step channel extends from the upper surface of the second boss to the second boss. The second-step channel is connected to the end of the first-step channel and runs through the second surface of the end plate. The first-step channel and the second-step channel are coaxially arranged, and the aperture of the second-step channel is larger than that of the first-step channel.

[0017] Optionally, the adapter is a cylindrical structure with an opening, and the bottom of the cylindrical structure has a terminal mounting portion.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for directional blasting of rock mass, which is implemented based on any one of the directional rock fracturing devices described in the first aspect, wherein the main pipe is filled with carbon dioxide liquid; the method comprises the steps of:

[0019] Inserting the rock directional fracturing device into a predetermined depth of the borehole;

[0020] An electric excitation ignition device is arranged on the second terminal, and the ignition excitation starts the cracking device;

[0021] The wire inside the heating rod paper tube ignites, releasing a large amount of heat energy to instantly gasify the liquid carbon dioxide in the main tube, and the pressure inside the tube increases accordingly;

[0022] When the pressure rises to the strength limit of the groove on the side wall of the main pipe, the groove is pre-damaged;

[0023] The cut groove is utilized to release pressurized carbon dioxide gas outward along the cut groove, forming a linear cutting airflow to cut the surrounding rock mass, so as to realize directional pre-splitting blasting of the rock mass.

[0024] Optionally, the method further comprises: before inserting the rock directional fracturing device to a predetermined depth in the borehole, opening a needle valve on a filling channel, opening the filling channel, and filling carbon dioxide liquid into the main pipe through the filling channel to fill the cavity formed by the paper tube and the main pipe.

[0025] Optionally, the paper tube is also filled with a heating agent, and an electric ignition head is connected to the wire;

[0026] The wire in the heating rod paper tube is ignited, releasing a large amount of heat energy to instantly gasify the liquid carbon dioxide in the main pipe, and the pressure in the pipe increases accordingly, including: the electric ignition head in the heating rod paper tube ignites the heating agent, and the burning heating agent is used to increase the release of heat to accelerate the increase of air pressure in the main pipe.

[0027] The rock directional fracturing device and rock directional blasting method provided in the embodiments of the present invention can realize directional energy release by improving the structure of the fracturing device itself. The device is installed in boreholes such as rock tunnels and wellbores to facilitate directional blasting of the rock mass, thereby reducing unnecessary damage to the surrounding rock and improving the blasting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a rock mass directional fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a rock mass directional fracturing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 1 or Figure 2 A front view of an embodiment of the main body;

[0032] Figure 4 Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the middle main pipe AA;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 for Figure 1 or Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a middle filling head;

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A top view of an embodiment of a middle filling head;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A left side view of an embodiment of a middle filling head;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a heating rod;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a heating rod base;

[0039] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A right view of an embodiment of a middle heating rod base;

[0040] Fig.12 for Figure 1 or Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a transfer joint embodiment;

[0041] Fig.13 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rock directional fracturing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] It should be clear that in order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, many technical details are described in the following specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also be implemented without some of the details. In addition, in order to highlight the main purpose of the present invention, some methods, means, parts and their applications well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail, but this does not affect the implementation of the present invention. The embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the rock directional fracturing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure and is suitable for rock blasting in mining engineering, and is particularly suitable for blasting occasions with the requirement of controlling rock blasting shaping.

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device includes: a main pipe 100, a heating rod 200, a filling head 300 and an adapter 400; the filling head 300 is connected to the first end of the main pipe 100, the adapter 400 is connected to the second end of the main pipe 100, and a first terminal 401 is provided on the adapter 400.

[0046] A filling channel 310 for filling carbon dioxide into the main pipe 100 is provided on the filling head 300, and a needle valve 302 for opening and closing the filling channel 310 is provided in the filling channel 310; wherein the needle valve 302 (Needle valve) is a fine-tuning valve, and its valve plug is needle-shaped, mainly used to adjust the flow rate, and the needle valve plug is generally made of a long quenched steel needle, and the valve seat is made of soft materials such as tin and copper. The sealing between the valve needle and the valve seat is achieved by the close fit of their conical surfaces. The taper of the valve needle has two types of cone angles: 1:50 and 60°. The taper of the valve needle in this embodiment is selected to be 60°.

[0047] See also Figure 2 , Figures 9 to 11As shown, the heating rod 200 includes a base 210 and a paper tube 220 arranged on the base 210, the paper tube 220 is arranged in the cavity of the main tube 100, and a cavity 150 is provided between the outer wall of the paper tube 220 and the inner wall of the main tube 100, and the cavity 150 is used to fill carbon dioxide; the filling head 300 is also provided with a mounting hole 303 in parallel with the filling channel 310, the base 210 of the heating rod 200 is screwed into the mounting hole 303 of the filling head 300, and the tail of the base 210 is pressed against the end surface of the filling head 300, the base 210 is reserved with a channel 203, and a second terminal 204 is provided in the channel 203, and the second terminal 204 extends into the paper tube 220, and the end of the paper tube 220 away from the base 210 is provided with a threading hole (not clearly shown in the figure, Figure 2 The wire threading method implicitly indicates this feature), a wire 205 for ignition is provided on one end of the second terminal 204 located in the paper tube 220, and the wire 205 is axially arranged in the paper tube 220, and is led out from the threading hole and connected to the second terminal 204 of the adapter 400.

[0048] See also Fig.13 As shown, it can be understood that in order to adapt to some deeper boreholes, a longer fracturing device needs to be used. When a fracturing device is shorter, the adapter 400 can conveniently connect multiple fracturing devices into a whole of suitable length to adapt to boreholes of different depths.

[0049] Furthermore, a second terminal 204 is provided on the adapter 400 for connecting the wire 205 of the previous fracturing device; thus, an igniter is connected to the first terminal 401, so that each fracturing device can be conveniently ignited and excited.

[0050] In addition, since traditional carbon dioxide fracturing devices use a point blasting method, that is, energy is released at a point, the impact range of the blasting is limited. Under most working conditions, directional fracture of the engineering rock mass cannot be achieved in the pre-set direction. Sometimes, it will cause the rock mass in the area near the blasting point to be broken, while the rock mass in other areas will not be fractured, affecting the blasting effect.

[0051] In this embodiment, a groove 150 is further axially provided on the side wall of the main pipe 100. The groove 150 is a blind groove.

[0052] In this way, after the electric ignition head 500 in the heating rod 200 ignites the heating agent, the carbon dioxide gasification pressure in the main pipe 100 increases. When the pressure reaches the strength limit of the groove 150, the groove 150 is destroyed, and the high-energy and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas is released along the groove 150 to form a linear cutting airflow, which directionally cuts the rock mass and realizes directional rock pre-splitting blasting.

[0053] The groove may be in the shape of a long strip or other geometric shapes, which is not limited here.

[0054] In some embodiments, the groove is a stepped groove arranged on the inner wall of the main pipe, wherein the first-step groove located at the opening of the inner wall of the main pipe has the largest cross-sectional area, and the cross-sectional areas of the second-step groove, the third-step groove, etc. arranged along the radial depth of the side wall of the main pipe decrease in sequence. In this way, the high-energy and high-pressure carbon dioxide gas can first break through the groove with the smallest cross-sectional area in the radial depth, and the linear cutting airflow formed first performs central linear cutting on the surrounding rock mass, and as the air pressure in the main pipe increases, each step of the groove is destroyed in sequence until all are destroyed. By adopting stepped grooves to continuously utilize, guide and control the cutting airflows of different pressures in a time sequence in stages, compared with the "straight-line" grooves, the damage to the main pipe caused by a one-time impact of high-energy and high-pressure gas can be avoided, and the released airflow is dispersed to the rock mass outside the groove contour, which may cause damage to the rock mass around the predetermined blasting rock mass, and the cutting airflow applied to the predetermined blasting rock mass is dispersed, affecting the directional pre-splitting blasting effect.

[0055] Among them, in some embodiments, the main pipe 100 has a length of 1000mm, an outer diameter of 79mm, and a wall thickness of 4mm. In addition, according to experimental verification conducted by the inventor of this application, the width of the groove 150 will affect the directional blasting effect; according to repeated experiments, the arrangement and parameters of the groove 150 in some embodiments are determined as follows: two grooves 150 are cut axially on the side wall of the main pipe 100, and the two grooves 150 are symmetrically distributed, with a length of 900mm, a depth of 1mm, and a width of 3mm; 50mm is reserved at both ends of the main pipe 100 without cutting the groove 150 to ensure the strength of the connection at both ends of the pipe body.

[0056] Based on the fracturing device provided in this embodiment, a method for directional blasting of rock mass is also provided, comprising the steps of:

[0057] S1. Inserting the rock directional fracturing device into a predetermined depth of the borehole.

[0058] In this embodiment, the length of the fracturing device is determined according to the depth of the borehole. If a single fracturing device is not long enough, multiple fracturing devices are axially connected through the adapter 400. When connecting, the grooves 150 on the adjacent fracturing device main pipes 100 need to be aligned in the axial direction. After the multiple slit fracturing devices are connected to each other, they are pushed into the borehole of the rock mass to be pre-cracked.

[0059] During the process of pushing the fracturing device into the borehole, a support rod is connected to the fracturing device at the borehole opening, and the support rod is used to support the fracturing device to ensure that the fracturing device assembly does not slip out of the borehole.

[0060] Before this step S1, the method further includes: opening the needle valve 302 on the filling channel 310, opening the filling channel 310, and using a special filling device for carbon dioxide liquid to fill the carbon dioxide liquid into the main pipe 100 through the filling channel 310 to fill the cavity 150 formed by the paper tube 220 and the main pipe 100; closing the special filling device, and then closing the needle valve 302 to complete the filling of carbon dioxide.

[0061] S2, connecting the second terminal 204 to an electric excitation ignition device outside the fission device, and igniting and igniting to start the fission device;

[0062] The electric excitation ignition device is an ignition device commonly used in blasting technology, for example, it can be a mine flameproof detonator, which will not be described in detail here.

[0063] S3. The wire 205 in the paper tube 220 of the heating rod 200 is ignited, releasing a large amount of heat energy to instantly gasify the liquid carbon dioxide in the main tube 100, and the pressure in the tube increases accordingly.

[0064] S4. When the pressure rises to reach the strength limit of the groove 150 on the side wall of the main pipe 100, the groove 150 is pre-damaged.

[0065] It is understandable that the shear strength at the slot 150 is relatively low. When the pressure in the main pipe 100 reaches the strength limit at the slot 150 , the slot 150 is destroyed first, and the airflow rushes outward from the destroyed slot 150 .

[0066] S5. Using the cut groove 150, the pressurized carbon dioxide gas is released outward along the cut groove 150 to form a linear cutting airflow to cut the surrounding rock mass, so as to achieve directional pre-splitting blasting of the rock mass.

[0067] The carbon dioxide in the main pipe 100 is about 2.5 kg, and the bursting pressure of the fracturing device is about 230 MPa.

[0068] The rock directional fracturing device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can realize directional energy release by improving the structure of the fracturing device itself. When it is installed in a borehole such as a rock tunnel or a wellbore, it is convenient to realize directional blasting of the rock mass, thereby reducing unnecessary damage to the surrounding rock and improving the blasting effect.

[0069] Specifically, a first sealing gasket 260 is provided at the contact point between the tail of the base 210 of the heating rod 200 and the end face of the filling head 300, for ensuring that after the heating rod 200 is ignited and started, a closed space is formed in the main pipe 100, so as to facilitate the destruction of the groove 150 after the gas pressure increases.

[0070] See also Fig. 9As shown, the second terminal 204 is fixedly connected to the hole 203 by a nut 206 . In order to further improve the sealing performance, a second sealing gasket 207 is provided at the connection between the nut 206 and the second terminal 204 .

[0071] In order to increase the heat energy released after the heating rod 200 is ignited and started, in some embodiments, the paper tube 220 is also filled with a heating agent; the heating agent is a mixture that can release heat when a chemical reaction occurs under certain temperature conditions, and its composition can be a finished heating agent on sale; preferably, the heating agent in this embodiment is mainly composed of copper perchlorate or magnesium perchlorate, etc.; when the electric ignition device is ignited, the heating agent is ignited, and the heating agent burns at a high speed to provide heat for the gasification of liquid carbon dioxide, which can make the pressure in the tube increase sharply, so as to quickly obtain the high-pressure gas required for the blasting groove 150.

[0072] An electric ignition head is connected to the wire; in this embodiment, the directional blasting method further includes: the wire 205 in the heating rod 200 paper tube 220 releases a large amount of heat energy to instantly gasify the liquid carbon dioxide in the main tube, and the pressure in the tube increases accordingly, including:

[0073] The electric ignition head in the heating rod paper tube ignites the heating agent, and the burning heating agent is used to increase the heat release to accelerate the increase of the air pressure in the main pipe 100.

[0074] See also Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the filling head 300 includes an end cover 320, and a boss 330 is provided on the first surface of the end cover. For the convenience of processing, the end cover 320 and the boss 330 can be set as an integral structure; in some embodiments, the outer diameter of the end cover is 79 mm, the outer diameter of the boss is 72 mm, and a thread is provided on the outer periphery of the boss 330, and the height of the boss is 30 mm; the filling channel 310 is axially parallel to the mounting hole 303, and the filling channel 310 is a stepped hole structure, including a first step hole 311 and a second step hole 312, the first step hole 311 and the second step hole 312 are coaxially arranged, and the first step hole 311 is arranged through the first surface and the second surface of the end cover 320, and the second surface is opposite to the first surface;

[0075] The second step hole 312 axially penetrates the boss 330 and is connected to the first step hole 311. The aperture of the second step hole 312 is larger than that of the first step hole 311. An injection port 313 penetrating the side of the boss 320 is provided on the side wall of the second step hole 312 for injecting carbon dioxide liquid into the main pipe 100. A first thread is provided on the inner wall of the second step hole 312 between the hole opening of the second step hole 312 and the injection port 313. When the needle valve 302 is arranged in the mounting hole 303, the first thread is used to fix the needle valve 302.

[0076] The mounting hole 303 is set through the boss 330 and the end cover 320, and the inner wall of the mounting hole 303 between the hole opening of the mounting hole 303 and the first surface of the end cover 320 has a second thread for fixing the base 210 of the heating rod 200;

[0077] In some embodiments, the aperture of the first step hole 311 is 3 mm, the aperture of the injection hole is 5 mm, the first thread specification is M12*1.5, the thread length is 15 mm, and the second thread specification is M30*1.5.

[0078] Specifically, the filling head 300 is welded to the first end of the main pipe 100 through the second surface of the end cover 320, and the adapter 400 is welded to the second end of the main pipe 100. The welding is required to ensure the strength and sealing of the fracturing device.

[0079] See also Figures 9 to 12 As shown, the base 210 includes an end plate 211, a first boss 212 and a second boss 213. The end plate 211 is a chamfered rectangular shape or a chamfered square shape. In some embodiments, the distance between the two straight edges of the end plate 211 is 36 mm, the arc radius is 20 mm, and the edge of the first surface of the end plate 211 has a chamfered corner with a radius of 0.5 mm. The first boss 212 is stacked on the first surface of the end plate 211, and the second boss 213 is stacked on the upper surface of the first boss 212. The end plate 211, the first boss 212 and the second boss 213 can be arranged as an integral structure, and the end plate 211, the first boss 212 and the second boss 213 are coaxially arranged.

[0080] The first boss 212 and the second boss 213 are cylindrical structures. The outer circumferential surface of the second boss 213 has a third thread. The distance from the center to the edge of the end plate 211 is greater than the bottom radius of the first boss 212. The bottom radius of the first boss 212 is greater than the bottom radius of the second boss 213.

[0081] The channel 203 is set to pass through the base 210, including a first-step channel 2031 and a second-step channel 2032. The first-step channel 2031 extends from the upper surface of the second boss 213 to the second boss 213, and the second-step channel 2032 is connected to the end of the first-step channel 203 and passes through the second surface of the end plate 211. The first-step channel 2031 and the second-step channel 2032 are coaxially arranged, and the aperture of the second-step channel 2032 is larger than the aperture of the first-step channel 2031.

[0082] In some embodiments, the aperture of the first-step channel 2031 is 3 mm, and the aperture of the second-step channel 2032 is 10 mm.

[0083] See also Fig.13 As shown, in some embodiments, the adapter 400 is a cylindrical structure with an opening, and the bottom of the cylindrical structure has a terminal mounting portion.

[0084] The mounting portion may be a light hole. In some embodiments, the light hole has an aperture of 4.5 mm. Both ends of the first terminal post are connected by nuts, and a third sealing gasket 410 is provided on the extrusion surface of the nut.

[0085] Specifically, an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical structure for docking with the next fracturing device.

[0086] See also Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the electric excitation ignition device includes an electric ignition head 500 (an ignition method commonly used in the current fireworks setting process), the electric ignition head 500 is located in the paper tube 220 of the heating rod 200, and two wires are provided at both ends of the electric ignition head, one of which is connected to the second terminal 204 of the filling head 300, and the other is connected to the first terminal 401 of the adapter 400, so that the wires 205 on adjacent fracturing devices are connected; when multiple fracturing devices are axially docked, the first terminal 401 on the fracturing device adapter 400 located at the bottom of the borehole is connected to the fracturing device tube body; the second terminal 204 on the fracturing device filling head 300 at the borehole mouth is connected to the electric ignition head inside the heating rod 200, and the first terminal 401 is connected to the tube body. In this way, the fracture device uses the tube body as one pole inside the drill hole, and the wiring inside the tube body becomes one pole, forming a series circuit, which can realize electrical excitation ignition to ignite the heating agent in the heating rod 200.

[0087] Compared with conventional carbon dioxide fracturing devices, the slit carbon dioxide fracturing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a simpler structure, a simplified production process, and greatly improved reliability.

[0088] In addition, the main pipe 100 in the implementation of the present invention is made of Q235 steel with medium strength (sufficient for blasting pressure), light weight and low price. The lightweight material makes it easier to use. In addition, after the directional blasting of the fracturing device, it is no longer recycled, which simplifies the construction process of directional pre-splitting blasting of the product at the underground roof and other locations. Therefore, the production cost and the use cost can be reduced to a certain extent.

[0089] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rock directional fracturing device, characterized in that: include: A main pipe, a heating rod, a filling head and an adapter; the filling head is connected to a first end of the main pipe, the adapter is connected to a second end of the main pipe, and a first terminal is provided on the adapter; A filling channel for filling carbon dioxide into the main pipe is provided on the filling head, and a needle valve for opening and closing the filling channel is provided in the filling channel; The heating rod comprises a base and a paper tube arranged on the base, the paper tube is arranged in the cavity of the main tube, a mounting hole is further arranged on the filling head and parallel to the filling channel, the base of the heating rod is screwed into the mounting hole of the filling head, and the tail of the base is pressed against the end surface of the filling head, a hole is reserved on the base, a second terminal is arranged in the hole, the second terminal extends into the paper tube, a threading hole is arranged at one end of the paper tube away from the base, a wire for ignition is arranged at one end of the second terminal located in the paper tube, the wire is axially arranged in the paper tube, and is led out from the threading hole to be connected to the second terminal of the adapter; The side wall of the main pipe is also provided with a groove in the axial direction; a sealing gasket is provided at the contact point between the tail of the base of the heating rod and the end surface of the filling head; The filling head comprises an end cover, a boss is provided on the first surface of the end cover, the filling channel is axially arranged in parallel with the mounting hole, the filling channel is a stepped hole structure, comprises a first step hole and a second step hole, the first step hole and the second step hole are coaxially arranged, the first step hole is arranged through the first surface and the second surface of the end cover, and the second surface is opposite to the first surface; The second step hole axially penetrates the boss and is connected to the first step hole, the aperture of the second step hole is larger than the aperture of the first step hole, an injection port penetrating the side of the boss is provided on the side wall of the second step hole, and a first thread is provided on the inner wall of the second step hole between the aperture of the second step hole and the injection port; The mounting hole passes through the boss and the end cover, and a second thread is provided on the inner wall of the mounting hole between the opening of the mounting hole and the first surface of the end cover; the filling head is welded to the first end of the main pipe through the second surface of the end cover, and the adapter is welded to the second end of the main pipe; the adapter is a cylindrical structure with an opening, and a terminal mounting portion is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical structure.

2. The rock directional fracturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base comprises an end plate, a first boss and a second boss, the end plate is a rounded rectangular shape, the first boss is stacked on the first surface of the end plate, the second boss is stacked on the upper surface of the first boss, and the end plate, the first boss and the second boss are coaxially arranged; The first boss and the second boss are cylindrical structures, the outer circumferential surface of the second boss has a third thread, the distance from the center to the edge of the end plate is greater than the bottom radius of the first boss, and the bottom radius of the first boss is greater than the bottom radius of the second boss; The channel runs through the base and includes a first-step channel and a second-step channel. The first-step channel extends from the upper surface of the second boss to the second boss. The second-step channel is connected to the end of the first-step channel and runs through the second surface of the end plate. The first-step channel and the second-step channel are coaxially arranged, and the aperture of the second-step channel is larger than that of the first-step channel.

3. A rock directional blasting method, characterized in that: The rock mass directional fracturing device according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is used, wherein the main pipe is filled with carbon dioxide liquid; The method comprises the steps of: Inserting the rock mass directional fracturing device into a predetermined depth of the borehole; Connecting the second terminal to an electric ignition device to ignite and activate the cracking device; The wire inside the heating rod paper tube ignites, releasing a large amount of heat energy to instantly gasify the liquid carbon dioxide in the main tube, and the pressure inside the tube increases accordingly; When the pressure rises to the strength limit of the groove on the side wall of the main pipe, the groove is pre-damaged; The cut groove is utilized to release pressurized carbon dioxide gas outward along the cut groove, forming a linear cutting airflow to cut the surrounding rock mass, so as to realize directional pre-splitting blasting of the rock mass.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Also includes: The method further comprises: before inserting the rock mass directional fracturing device into the predetermined depth of the borehole, opening the needle valve on the filling channel, opening the filling channel, and filling the main pipe with carbon dioxide liquid through the filling channel to fill the cavity formed by the paper tube and the main pipe.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The paper tube is also filled with a heating agent, and an electric ignition head is connected to the wire; The wire in the heating rod paper tube is ignited, releasing a large amount of heat energy to instantly gasify the liquid carbon dioxide in the main pipe, and the pressure in the pipe increases accordingly, including: the electric ignition head in the heating rod paper tube ignites the heating agent, and the burning heating agent is used to increase the release of heat to accelerate the increase of air pressure in the main pipe.

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