A coal element detector

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coal element detector, comprising an alloy frame, wherein alloy pillars are arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the alloy frame, an alloy bottom plate is installed at the upper end of the alloy bottom plate, a support plate is longitudinally installed on the right side of the upper end surface of the alloy bottom plate, a first mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the support plate, a plurality of second mounting holes are arranged around the middle of the support plate, a collecting mirror body is inserted inside the second mounting hole, a collecting mirror group is embedded in the inner cavity of the collecting mirror body, and a mounting plate is arranged on the left side of the inner cavity of the collecting mirror body. The coal element detector provided by the present invention is a "compound eye" coal element laser online analyzer. Through the principle of laser induced plasma spectroscopy, the composition and proportion of each element contained in coal are accurately measured, and the online measurement of coal ash, sulfur, calorific value, volatile matter or other coal industry analysis indicators is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of analytical chemistry and coal industry technology, specifically to a coal element detector. Background Technology

[0002] Coal is a solid combustible mineral formed gradually from ancient plant remains buried underground through complex biochemical and physicochemical changes. It is a solid combustible organic rock, primarily formed from plant remains through biochemical processes, burial, and subsequent geological transformation. Commonly known as coal, besides serving as fuel for heat and kinetic energy, coal is more importantly used to produce metallurgical coke and synthetic petroleum—coal tar, the liquid product of low-temperature carbonization of coal. Through chemical processing, thousands of chemical products can be manufactured from coal, making it a crucial chemical raw material. Coal plays a vital role in modern industry, encompassing both heavy and light industries; energy, metallurgy, chemicals, machinery, textiles, food processing, and transportation. The quality and properties of coal are determined by measuring its ash content and other industrial analytical indicators. Ash content refers to the percentage of solid products remaining after the complete combustion of coal, representing the dry weight of the coal. As defined, the only way to measure the true ash content of coal is by burning a dried coal sample in a specified environment and comparing the solid residue with the dry weight of the coal. Therefore, direct ash content measurement cannot be performed online. In on-site testing, methods such as rapid flotation, X-ray diffraction, and gamma-ray diffraction can be used. However, these methods essentially infer ash content by measuring the density or radiation absorption properties of the coal, and cannot directly provide information on ash composition. Furthermore, these methods are cumbersome to operate and yield poor results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coal elemental analyzer to address the problem mentioned in the background art: the only method for measuring the true ash content of coal is by burning a dried coal sample in a specified environment and comparing the solid residue and the dry weight of the coal. Therefore, direct ash content measurement cannot be performed online. In on-site testing, rapid flotation, X-ray, and gamma-ray methods can be used. However, these methods essentially infer ash content by measuring the density or radiation absorption properties of coal, failing to directly provide ash composition information, and suffer from cumbersome equipment operation and poor accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coal element detector, comprising an alloy frame, alloy support pillars at the four corners of the lower end of the alloy frame, an alloy base plate mounted on the upper end of the alloy frame, a support plate longitudinally mounted on the right side of the upper surface of the alloy base plate, a first mounting hole in the center of the support plate, and a plurality of second mounting holes around the center of the support plate, wherein a collection mirror body is inserted into the second mounting holes, and the plurality of collection mirror bodies are arranged in a circular array with the center of the first mounting hole as the midpoint, and the inner cavity of the collection mirror body is embedded with... The system includes a acquisition lens assembly. The acquisition lens assembly, housed within the inner cavity of the acquisition lens body, consists of two coupled lenses. The right focal length of the acquisition lens assembly is equal to the distance from the acquisition lens assembly to the focusing points of multiple acquisition lens bodies. A mounting plate is located on the left side of the inner cavity of the acquisition lens body. A multimode fiber bundle is connected to the left end of the mounting plate. The left focal length of the acquisition lens assembly is equal to the distance from the acquisition lens assembly to the left port of the multimode fiber bundle. A fiber optic patch cord is located on the left side of the multimode fiber bundle, and multiple single-core fibers are located on the right side of the multimode fiber bundle. The first mounting hole... An internal mirror assembly sleeve is embedded within the structure. From left to right, a first beam expander, a second beam expander, and a focusing lens are sequentially installed within the inner cavity of the mirror assembly sleeve. A high-energy laser is connected to the left side of the mirror assembly sleeve. A height adjustment device is located at the lower end of the high-energy laser. The height adjustment device includes a bottom mounting plate. The lower end of the bottom support plate is mounted on the upper surface of the alloy base plate. Linear bearings are inserted at each of the four corners of the bottom support plate. A guide shaft is longitudinally inserted inside each linear bearing. The lower end of the guide shaft passes through the wall of the alloy base plate. The upper end of the outer shaft of the guide shaft is... Equipped with a guide shaft support, a medium-load lifting device is installed in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom mounting plate. Two limit posts are pinned between the adjacent end faces of the connecting rods on the front and rear sides of the medium-load lifting device and pinned to the left and right sides of the middle connecting rod of the medium-load lifting device. The middle of the limit posts on the left and right sides passes through the guide rod laterally. A spoke handwheel is installed at the left end of the guide rod. A lifting plate is installed at the upper end of the medium-load lifting device. The lower end face of the lifting plate is installed at the upper end of the guide shaft support. A high-precision spectrometer is installed on the left side of the upper surface of the lifting plate.

[0005] Preferably, the alloy frame, the alloy support column, and the alloy base plate are all hard alloy structures, and a thick bracket is installed at the connection between the lower end face of the alloy frame and the alloy support column. The upper side of the thick bracket is fixed to the lower end face of the alloy frame by bolts, and the lower side of the thick bracket is fixed to the side of the alloy support column by bolts.

[0006] Preferably, the line segment between the focusing point on the right end of the main body of the plurality of acquisition lenses and the midpoint of the lens assembly sleeve and the horizontal straight line where the midpoint of the lens assembly sleeve is located are all on the same straight line.

[0007] Preferably, the high-energy laser is an Nd:Yag laser with a pulse energy greater than 10 millijoules, a spot diameter of 1-15 mm, and a repetition rate range of 1-200 Hz.

[0008] Preferably, the first beam expander is a concave lens, the second beam expander is a convex lens, and the first beam expander and the second beam expander are combined to form a Galilean beam expander.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: the coal element detector provided by this invention is a "compound-eye" online coal element laser analyzer. Through the principle of laser-induced plasma spectroscopy, it accurately measures the composition and proportion of each element contained in coal, thereby achieving online measurement of coal ash content, sulfur content, calorific value, volatile matter, or other coal industrial analysis indicators. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the lens assembly sleeve of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multimode fiber bundle of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a side view of the height adjustment device of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 5 This is a side view of the fiber optic patch cord.

[0015] Figure 6 This is a side view of the support plate.

[0016] In the diagram: 1-Alloy frame, 2-Alloy support column, 3-Alloy base plate, 4-Support plate, 5-First mounting hole, 6-Second mounting hole, 7-Collection mirror body, 8-Collection mirror group, 9-Mounting plate, 10-Multimode fiber bundle, 101-Fiber optic patch cord 101, 102-Single-core fiber, 11-Mirror group sleeve, 12-First beam expander, 13-Second beam expander, 14-Focusing lens, 15-High-energy laser, 16-Bottom mounting plate, 17-Linear bearing, 18-Guide shaft, 19-Guide shaft support, 20-Medium-load lifting device, 21-Limiting post, 22-Guide rod, 23-Spoke handwheel, 24-Lifting plate, 25-High-precision spectrometer, 26-Thick bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-6This invention provides a technical solution: a coal element detector, comprising an alloy frame 1, alloy support pillars 2 at the four corners of the lower end of the alloy frame 1, an alloy base plate 3 mounted on the upper end of the alloy frame 1, a support plate 4 longitudinally mounted on the right side of the upper surface of the alloy base plate 3, a first mounting hole 5 in the middle of the support plate 4, and multiple second mounting holes 6 around the middle of the support plate 4, the multiple being n², typically 4-8, with a collection lens body 7 inserted inside the second mounting holes 6. The multiple collection lens bodies 7 are arranged in a ring array with the center of the first mounting hole 5 as the midpoint. A collection lens group 8 is embedded in the inner cavity of the collection lens body 7, and the collection lens group 8 in the inner cavity of the collection lens body 7 is composed of two lenses coupled together. The right focal length of the collection lens group 8 is equal to the distance from the collection lens group 8 to the focusing point of the multiple collection lens bodies 7. A mounting plate 9 is provided on the left side of the inner cavity of the collection lens body 7, and a multimode fiber bundle 10 is connected to the left end of the mounting plate 9. The left focal length of the collection lens group 8 is equal to the distance from the collection lens group 8 to the multimode fiber bundle 10. The distance to the left port is such that a fiber optic patch cord 101 is provided on the left side of the multimode fiber bundle 10, and multiple single-core fibers 102 are provided on the right side of the multimode fiber bundle 10. A lens assembly sleeve 11 is embedded inside the first mounting hole 5. From left to right, the inner cavity of the lens assembly sleeve 11 is equipped with a Galilean beam expander first lens 12, a Galilean beam expander second lens 13, and a focusing lens 14. Both the Galilean beam expander first lens 12 and the Galilean beam expander second lens 13 are lens assemblies that can change the diameter and divergence angle of the laser beam. The Galilean beam expander first lens 12 and the Galilean beam expander second lens 13 form a Galilean beam expander. A pulsed output high-energy Nd:Yag solid-state laser 15 is connected to the left side of the sleeve 11. The lower end of the high-energy laser 15... A height adjustment device is provided, comprising a bottom mounting plate 16. The lower end of the bottom support plate 16 is mounted on the upper surface of the alloy base plate 3. Linear bearings 17 are inserted into the four corners of the bottom support plate 16. Guide shafts 18 are longitudinally inserted into the interior of each linear bearing 17. The lower end of the guide shaft 18 passes through the wall of the alloy base plate 3. A guide shaft support 19 is mounted on the upper end of the outer shaft of the guide shaft 18. A medium-load lifting device 20 is mounted in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom mounting plate 16. Limiting posts 21 are pinned between the adjacent end faces of the connecting rods on the front and rear sides of the medium-load lifting device 20. There are two limiting posts 21, which are pinned to the medium-load lifting device 20. On both sides of the central connecting rod, the middle of the left and right limit posts 21 horizontally passes through the guide rod 22. A spoked handwheel 23 is installed at the left end of the guide rod 22. A lifting plate 24 is installed at the upper end of the mid-load type lifting device 20. The lower end of the lifting plate 24 is installed at the upper end of the guide shaft support 19. A high-precision spectrometer 25 is installed on the left side of the upper end of the lifting plate 24. The high-precision spectrometer 25 is a scientific instrument that decomposes complex light into spectral lines, and is composed of prisms or diffraction gratings. The high-precision spectrometer 25 can be used to measure the light intensity distribution at different wavelengths.By capturing laser-induced plasma light information using a high-precision spectrometer 25, or by displaying and analyzing numerical data using a computerized automatic display instrument, the elements contained in the material can be determined.

[0019] Specifically, the alloy frame 1, alloy column 2, and alloy base plate 3 are all hard alloy structures, and thick brackets 26 are installed at the connection between the lower end face of the alloy frame 1 and the alloy column 2. The upper side of the thick bracket 26 is fixed to the lower end face of the alloy frame 1 by bolts, and the lower side of the thick bracket 26 is fixed to the side of the alloy column 2 by bolts.

[0020] Specifically, the line segment between the focusing point on the right end of the multiple acquisition lens body 7 and the midpoint of the lens assembly sleeve 10 is on the same straight line as the horizontal line where the midpoint of the lens assembly sleeve 10 is located.

[0021] Specifically, the high-energy laser 15 uses an Nd:Yag laser with a pulse energy greater than 10 millijoules, a spot diameter of 1-15 mm, and a repetition rate range of 1-200 Hz.

[0022] Specifically, the first beam expander 12 is a concave lens, the second beam expander 13 is a convex lens, and the first beam expander 12 and the second beam expander 13 are combined to form a Galilean beam expander.

[0023] Working principle: In use, the high-energy laser 15 is first adjusted to a suitable height using a height adjustment device. The first beam expander 12 is a concave lens, and the second beam expander 13 is a convex lens. The first beam expander 12 and the second beam expander 13 are combined to form a Galilean beam expander. First, the first beam expander 12 with a focal length of f1 is used to expand the light spot to the required magnification n1. Then, the second beam expander 13 with a focal length of f2 is used. The focal lengths of the two lenses and the magnification are related as follows:

[0024] n1 = -f1 / f2

[0025] The expanded laser beam is focused by focusing lens 14f3, with the focal point located on the surface of the sample to be tested, inducing plasma generation on the sample surface. Acquisition mirror group 7 is used to collect the radiation light from the laser-induced plasma on the sample surface. Acquisition mirror group 8, located within the cavity of acquisition mirror body 7, consists of two coupled lenses. The right focal length f4 of acquisition mirror group 8 is equal to the distance from acquisition mirror group 8 to the focusing point of multiple acquisition mirror bodies 7, and the left focal length f5 of acquisition mirror group 8 is equal to the distance from acquisition mirror group 8 to the left port of multimode fiber bundle 10. A laser light path passes through the mirror group sleeve 11, located at the center of the support plate. The first beam expander 12, the second beam expander 13, and the focusing lens 14 are all on the laser light path. The acquisition mirror group 8 forms an angle θ with the laser light path, the value of which follows the formula below.

[0026] θ = arccos(f3 / f4)

[0027] The specially designed optical fiber is a linear 1-to-n2 fan-out fiber bundle, where n2 is the number of focusing lenses. One end of the multimode fiber bundle 10 consists of n2 linearly arranged fiber jumpers 101, and the other end consists of n2 single-core fibers 102. The fiber jumpers 101 are made of high-hydroxyl material. The multimode fiber bundle 10 guides the plasma radiation collected by the n2 focusing lenses into a high-precision spectrometer 25. The high-precision spectrometer 25 disperses and collects the plasma radiation to obtain the laser-induced plasma spectrum of the coal sample surface. The spectral line intensities of different atoms in the laser-induced plasma spectrum are obtained, including important atoms such as carbon (247.84 nm), hydrogen (656.22 nm), oxygen (777.34 nm), sulfur (414.26 nm), silicon (288.13 nm), aluminum (309.27 nm), titanium (334.92 nm), iron (393.36 nm), magnesium (285.17 nm), and calcium (422.69 nm). By calculating the intensity ratio of the spectral lines of carbon atoms to those of other atoms, such as sodium (589.72 nm), arsenic (228.81 nm), and mercury (253.65 nm), the molar ratio of carbon to other elements in the coal sample can be determined. The proportion of each element in the coal can then be obtained from the molar ratio of carbon to other elements. The following explanation uses ash content as an example, assuming the intensity of the carbon atom spectral line is I... C The intensity of the oxygen atom spectral line is I. O The intensity of the hydrogen atom spectral line is I. H The atomic spectral line intensities of other elements are I i Let i represent the types of other elements, denoted as i=1 for the first type, i=2 for the second, and so on, up to N for the total number of elements detected. Then the mole fractions of carbon and hydrogen in the sample are:

[0028]

[0029] Let M be the atomic weight of the element. Converting the mole fraction to mass fraction, we get:

[0030]

[0031] In traditional muffle furnace ash content measurement methods, almost all hydrogen and carbon elements in coal leave the coal sample in a gaseous state, leaving ash. This ash includes all oxygen elements in the raw coal and oxygen elements acquired from the air during muffle furnace combustion. During muffle furnace combustion, almost all non-carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen elements in the coal exist as oxidants. Therefore, the mass of all oxygen elements in the coal sample plus the mass of oxides of all non-carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen elements equals the weight of the ash in the coal. Let the oxide of element i have the molecular formula iO. a / bThen coal ash is divided into

[0032]

[0033] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0035] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal element detector, comprising an alloy frame (1), characterized in that: Alloy pillars (2) are arranged at the four corners of the lower end of the alloy frame (1), and an alloy base plate (3) is installed at the upper end of the alloy frame (1), wherein the alloy frame (1), the alloy pillars (2) and the alloy base plate (3) are all hard alloy structures, and thick brackets (26) are installed at the connection between the lower end surface of the alloy frame (1) and each alloy pillar (2), the upper side of the thick bracket (26) is fixed to the lower end surface of the alloy frame (1) by bolts, and the lower side of the thick bracket (26) is fixed to the side surface of the alloy pillar (2) by bolts; A support plate (4) is longitudinally mounted on the right side of the upper end surface of the alloy bottom plate (3); a first mounting hole (5) is arranged in the middle of the support plate (4); a plurality of second mounting holes (6) are arranged around the middle of the support plate (4); a collection mirror body (7) is inserted into the interior of the second mounting hole (6); and the plurality of collection mirror bodies (7) are distributed in a ring array with the center of the first mounting hole (5) as the midpoint; A collection lens group (8) is embedded in the inner cavity of the collection lens body (7); a mounting plate (9) is arranged on the left side of the inner cavity of the collection lens body (7); a multimode optical fiber bundle (10) is connected to the left end of the mounting plate (9); an optical fiber jumper (101) is arranged on the left side of the multimode optical fiber bundle (10); and a plurality of single-core optical fibers (102) are arranged on the right side of the multimode optical fiber bundle (10); the collection lens group (8) is composed of two lenses coupled in a manner, and its right focal length is equal to the distance from the collection lens group (8) to the focus points of the plurality of collection lens bodies (7); and its left focal length is equal to the distance from the collection lens group (8) to the left port of the multimode optical fiber bundle (10); A lens assembly sleeve (11) is embedded in the interior of the first mounting hole (5), and a first beam expander (12), a second beam expander (13) and a focusing lens (14) are installed in the inner cavity of the lens assembly sleeve (11) from left to right in sequence, wherein the first beam expander (12) is a concave lens, the second beam expander (13) is a convex lens, and the first beam expander (12) and the second beam expander (13) are combined into a Galilean beam expander form; Furthermore, the line segment between the focus point at the right end of each collecting mirror body (7) and the midpoint of the lens assembly sleeve (11) and the horizontal straight line where the midpoint of the lens assembly sleeve (11) is located are all on the same straight line; A laser light path is provided in the lens assembly sleeve (11), the laser light path is located at the center of the support plate (4), the first beam expander (12), the second beam expander (13) and the focusing lens (14) are all arranged on the laser light path, and the angle between the collection lens assembly (8) and the laser light path is θ The value follows θ =arccos( f 3 / f 4), where f 3 is the focal length of the focusing lens (14), f 4 is the right focal length of the collection lens group (8); A high-energy laser (15) is connected to the left side of the lens assembly sleeve (11), wherein the high-energy laser (15) is a Nd:Yag laser with a pulse energy greater than 10 mJ, a spot diameter of 1-15 mm, and a repetition rate range of 1-200 Hz; The lower end of the high-energy laser (15) is provided with a height adjustment device, and the height adjustment device comprises a bottom mounting plate (16), the lower end of the bottom mounting plate (16) is mounted on the upper end surface of the alloy bottom plate (3), and linear bearings (17) are inserted at the four corners of the bottom mounting plate (16), and guide shafts (18) are longitudinally inserted inside the linear bearings (17), and the lower end of the guide shaft (18) passes through the plate wall of the alloy bottom plate (3), and the upper end of the outer shaft of the guide shaft (18) is installed with a guide shaft support (19); a medium-load lifting device (20) is installed in the middle of the upper end surface of the bottom mounting plate (16), A limiting column (21) is pinned between adjacent end surfaces of the front and rear connecting rods of the medium-load lifting device (20). The limiting columns (21) are two in number and are pinned to the left and right sides of the middle connecting rod of the medium-load lifting device (20). The middle parts of the limiting columns (21) on the left and right sides pass through the guide rod (22) transversely. The left end of the guide rod (22) is provided with a spoke-type hand wheel (23). A lifting plate (24) is installed at the upper end of the medium-load lifting device (20). The lower end surface of the lifting plate (24) is installed at the upper end of the guide shaft support (19). A high-precision spectrometer (25) is installed on the left side of the upper end surface of the lifting plate (24). The laser spot expanded by the first beam expander (12) and the second beam expander (13) is focused by the focusing lens (14), and the focus is located on the surface of the coal sample to be tested, inducing plasma to be generated on the surface of the coal sample. Each of the collection mirror bodies (7) collects the radiation light of the laser-induced plasma on the surface of the coal sample, and guides the laser-induced plasma radiation light into the high-precision spectrometer (25) through the multimode optical fiber bundle (10) to obtain a plasma spectrum by splitting and collecting, and calculates the intensity ratio of the spectral lines of carbon atoms and other atoms based on the spectral line intensities of different atoms on the spectrum, so as to obtain the molar ratio of carbon elements and other elements in the measured coal sample.

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