Inverted arch formwork and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an inverted arch formwork, comprising an intermediate formwork and side formworks located on both sides of the intermediate formwork, the bottom of the side formwork is hinged with a flip formwork docked with the intermediate formwork, a flip mechanism for flipping the flip formwork is provided between the side formwork and the flip formwork, the flip formwork is provided with a longitudinal track arranged along the depth direction of the inverted arch, and the intermediate formwork can be reciprocated and slidably arranged on the longitudinal track along the longitudinal track. A construction method of the inverted arch formwork is also disclosed, comprising the following steps: S1: fixing the side formwork; S2: turning down the flip formwork; S3: installing the intermediate formwork; S4: adjusting the position of the intermediate formwork; S5: pouring and moving the intermediate formwork; S6: plastering. The inverted arch formwork and the construction method thereof have the advantages of convenient construction, reducing construction costs, and improving construction convenience and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to tunnel construction equipment, in particular to an inverted arch template and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of tunnel construction technology in my country in recent years, in order to effectively improve the stability and durability of the invert structure, a new understanding of the requirements for invert construction has been achieved. The formwork for invert construction has been optimized from a simple single-piece small formwork to a trestle-driven integral low side wall invert formwork, and then to a full-width invert formwork with a full invert section. The invert layer of the tunnel is constructed with a full-width invert formwork, which increases the formwork cost and further compresses the invert construction space. During pouring construction, the invert layer is below the formwork and can only be poured and vibrated through the working window, and cannot be fully vibrated. In actual construction applications, bubbles are easily formed on the surface of the final invert concrete. The layout of the full-width invert formwork cannot provide the original slurry finish and timely secondary cleaning of the surface of the invert layer. While the bubbles affect the appearance of the invert layer, they are also accompanied by certain safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an inverted arch formwork and a construction method thereof which is easy to construct, can reduce construction costs, and can improve construction convenience and construction efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] An inverted arch formwork comprises a middle formwork and side formworks located on both sides of the middle formwork, the bottom of the side formwork is hinged with a flip formwork that is connected to the middle formwork, a flip mechanism for flipping the flip formwork is provided between the side formwork and the flip formwork, a longitudinal track arranged along the depth direction of the inverted arch is provided on the flip formwork, and the middle formwork can be slidably arranged on the longitudinal track so as to move back and forth along the longitudinal track.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0007] The turnover mechanism is a telescopic member, one end of which is hinged on the side template, and the other end of which is hinged on the turnover template.

[0008] A support frame is arranged on the side template, and the telescopic member is hinged on the support frame.

[0009] The front and rear ends of the two side templates are both connected with a jacking frame, and a jacking device is provided at the bottom of the jacking frame.

[0010] A detachable reinforcement rod is provided between the side template and the flip template or the longitudinal track.

[0011] The middle template is provided with guide rollers matched with the longitudinal tracks.

[0012] The side templates and the overturning template are longer than the middle template.

[0013] A sealing gasket is provided at the contact point between the middle template and the flip template.

[0014] The sealing gasket is fixed on the middle template or the flip template by bolts.

[0015] A construction method of the above-mentioned inverted arch formwork comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: Side formwork fixing: fix two side formworks on both sides of the tunnel respectively;

[0017] S2: Flip the template downward: Flip the template downward to the position to be poured through the flipping mechanism;

[0018] S3: Installing the middle template: Sliding and installing the middle template on the longitudinal track on the flip template;

[0019] S4: Adjust the position of the middle formwork: slide the middle formwork along the longitudinal track to the position to be poured;

[0020] S5: pouring and moving the middle formwork: pouring concrete below the inverted arch formwork, the middle formwork slides on the longitudinal track, the inverted arch below the middle formwork is formed, and the side formwork is formed and poured;

[0021] S6: Plastering: Slide the middle template to outside the casting and molding area to complete the plastering of the middle template casting and molding area; flip the flip template upward through the flipping mechanism to complete the plastering of the flip template casting and molding area.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0023] The inverted arch formwork of the present invention is divided into two side formworks and an intermediate formwork located between the two side formworks. The side formwork is docked with the intermediate formwork through a flip formwork. A longitudinal track is arranged on the flip formwork. Both sides of the intermediate formwork are slidably arranged on the longitudinal tracks on the two flip formworks, so that the intermediate formwork can reciprocate along the longitudinal track. When pouring the lower layer of concrete of the inverted arch, the intermediate formwork can be moved to make room, the construction is more convenient, and the concrete can be vibrated and compacted in time, thereby improving the construction quality. After pouring the middle layer of concrete, the intermediate formwork is moved again to smooth and shape the accumulated concrete. At the same time, concrete can be poured under the two side formworks, and the construction is very convenient and fast. The flip formwork can be turned up to make room, and the concrete below can be smoothed, thereby improving the construction quality of the place. Compared with the movement of the full-width inverted arch, only the intermediate formwork is moved, which is easier to implement and has lower cost while ensuring the construction quality of the inverted arch; and the flip formwork can be turned up to provide a smoothing operation space for the corner of the inverted arch in time, thereby improving the construction convenience and efficiency.

[0024] The construction method of the inverted arch formwork of the present invention reduces the trouble of disassembling and re-erecting the formwork by sliding the middle formwork along the longitudinal track, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of construction; the flipping formwork is flipped up by the flipping mechanism, thereby providing a smoothing operation space for the corner of the inverted arch in time, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of an inverted arch formwork of the present invention during construction.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the inverted arch template of the present invention after the middle template slides away.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the inverted arch template of the present invention when it is turned over on the flip template.

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of another embodiment of the inverted arch formwork of the present invention during construction.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a side structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the inverted arch formwork of the present invention.

[0032] The symbols in the figure represent:

[0033] 1. Middle formwork; 2. Side formwork; 21. Flip formwork; 22. Support frame; 23. Lifting frame; 24. Lifter; 3. Longitudinal track; 4. Flipping mechanism; 5. Guide roller; 6. Tunnel; 7. Inverted arch; 8. Reinforcement rod; 9. Sealing pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Figures 1 to 5 An embodiment of an inverted arch formwork of the present invention is shown, which includes an intermediate formwork 1 and side formworks 2 located on both sides of the intermediate formwork 1, a flip formwork 21 connected to the intermediate formwork 1 is hinged at the bottom of the side formwork 2, a flip mechanism 4 for flipping the flip formwork 21 is provided between the side formwork 2 and the flip formwork 21, a longitudinal track 3 arranged along the depth direction of the inverted arch 7 is provided on the flip formwork 21, and the intermediate formwork 1 can be slidably arranged on the longitudinal track 3 so as to move back and forth along the longitudinal track 3.

[0036] The inverted arch formwork is divided into two side formworks 2 and a middle formwork 1 located between the two side formworks 2. The side formworks 2 are connected to the middle formwork 1 through a flip formwork 21. The side formworks 2, the flip formwork 21 and the middle formwork 1 form a contour surface required for tunnel construction. A longitudinal track 3 is arranged on the flip formwork 21. Both sides of the middle formwork 1 are slidably arranged on the longitudinal tracks 3 on the two flip formworks 21, so that the middle formwork 1 can reciprocate along the longitudinal tracks 3. When pouring the lower layer of concrete of the inverted arch 7, the middle formwork 1 can be moved to make room, so that the construction is more convenient and the concrete can be vibrated and compacted in time to improve the construction quality. After pouring the middle layer of concrete, the middle formwork 1 is moved again to smooth and shape the accumulated concrete. At the same time, concrete can be poured under the formworks 2 on both sides. The construction is very convenient and fast. The flip formwork 21 can be turned up to make room, and the concrete below can be smoothed to improve the construction quality at this location. Compared with moving the entire invert arch, only the middle template 1 is moved, which is easier to implement and has lower cost while ensuring the construction quality of the invert arch 7; and the flip template 21 can be flipped up to provide a smoothing operation space for the corners of the invert arch 7 in time, thereby improving the construction convenience and efficiency.

[0037] In this embodiment, the turnover mechanism 4 is a telescopic member, one end of which is hinged on the side template 2 and the other end is hinged on the turnover template 21. The telescopic member can be a telescopic oil cylinder, and the turnover template 21 is turned by the telescopic member.

[0038] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a support frame 22 is provided on the side formwork 2, and the telescopic member is hinged on the support frame 22, so that the structure of the side formwork 2 is more stable.

[0039] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a detachable reinforcing rod 8 is provided between the side formwork 2 and the flip formwork 21 or the longitudinal track 3. Specifically, both ends of the reinforcing rod 8 are respectively mounted on the side formwork 2 and the flip formwork 21 by pin keys, or respectively mounted on the side formwork 2 and the longitudinal track 3 by pin keys, so as to strengthen the supporting capacity of the flip formwork 21 when erecting the formwork.

[0040] In this embodiment, the middle template 1 is provided with guide rollers 5 that cooperate with the longitudinal track 3. As a preferred technical solution, for example, the longitudinal track 3 adopts an I-beam track, and the guide rollers 5 adopt a T-shaped structure. The longitudinal track 3 and the guide rollers 5 cooperate on both sides of the middle template 1, so that the movement of the middle template 1 is more stable and smooth.

[0041] In this embodiment, the side formwork 2 and the flip formwork 21 are longer than the middle formwork 1. Specifically, the side formwork 2 and the flip formwork 21 are longer than the middle formwork 1 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 6, at least twice as long, so that the middle formwork 1 can slide along the longitudinal track 3 to form the invert 7.

[0042] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a sealing gasket 9 is provided at the contact point between the middle template 1 and the flip template 21 .

[0043] In this embodiment, the sealing gasket 9 is fixed to the middle formwork 1 or the flip formwork 21 by bolts. The sealing gasket 9 fills the gap between the flip formwork 21 and the middle formwork 1 to prevent the concrete slurry from overflowing. Figure 2 As shown, the sealing gasket 9 is fixed to the middle template 1 by bolts. In other embodiments, the sealing gasket 9 can also be fixed to the flip template 21 by bolts.

[0044] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Another embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the above embodiment, except that: the front and rear ends of the two side templates 2 are connected with a jacking frame 23, and a jacking device 24 is provided at the bottom of the jacking frame 23. The two side templates 2 are connected into an integral structure by the jacking frame 23, and can be lifted together under the lifting action of the jacking device 24 to achieve the separation of the inverted arch template from the inverted arch 7. Specifically, the jacking frame 23 is connected to the support frame 22 on the side template 2, and the jacking device 24 can be a jacking cylinder or the like.

[0045] Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 An embodiment of a construction method of an inverted arch formwork of the present invention is shown, and the construction method of the inverted arch formwork comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1: Fixing the side formwork 2: Fixing two side formworks 2 on both sides of the tunnel 6 respectively;

[0047] S2: Flipping the flip template 21 downward: Flipping the flip template 21 downward to the position to be poured by the flipping mechanism 4;

[0048] S3: Installing the middle template 1: Slidingly install the middle template 1 on the longitudinal track 3 on the flip template 21;

[0049] S4: adjusting the position of the middle formwork 1: sliding the middle formwork 1 along the longitudinal track 3 to the position to be poured;

[0050] S5: pouring and moving the middle formwork 1: pouring concrete below the inverted arch formwork, the middle formwork 1 slides on the longitudinal track 3, the inverted arch 7 below the middle formwork 1 is formed, and the side formwork 2 is formed and poured;

[0051] S6: Surface: Figure 4 As shown, the middle template 1 is slid outside the casting and molding area (the middle template 1 slides away), and the casting and molding area of ​​the middle template 1 is finished; as shown Figure 5 As shown, the flip template 21 is flipped up by the flipping mechanism 4 to complete the plastering of the casting and molding area of ​​the flip template 21.

[0052] The construction method of the inverted arch formwork is to adjust the middle formwork 1 to the position to be poured by sliding along the longitudinal track 3, thereby reducing the trouble of disassembling and re-erecting the formwork, and improving the convenience and efficiency of construction; the flipping formwork 21 is flipped up by the flipping mechanism 4, so as to provide a smoothing operation space for the corner of the inverted arch 7 in time, thereby improving the convenience and efficiency of construction.

[0053] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inverted arch formwork, characterized in that: The invention comprises a middle template (1) and side templates (2) located on both sides of the middle template (1); the bottom of the side template (2) is hingedly connected with a flip template (21) connected to the middle template (1); a flip mechanism (4) for flipping the flip template (21) is provided between the side template (2) and the flip template (21); a longitudinal track (3) arranged along the depth direction of the invert (7) is provided on the flip template (21); the middle template (1) can be reciprocated along the longitudinal track (3) and slidably arranged on the longitudinal track (3); two side templates (2) are respectively fixed on both sides of the tunnel (6); the front and rear ends of the two side templates (2) are connected with a lifting frame (23); ), a jacking device (24) is provided at the bottom of the jacking frame (23); the side formwork (2) and the flip formwork (21) are longer than the middle formwork (1); the middle formwork (1) slides along the longitudinal track (3) to a position to be poured, and concrete is poured below the inverted arch formwork; the middle formwork (1) slides on the longitudinal track (3), the inverted arch (7) below the middle formwork (1) is formed, and the side formwork (2) is formed and poured; the middle formwork (1) slides outside the pouring and molding area, and the plastering of the pouring and molding area of ​​the middle formwork (1) is completed; the flipping mechanism (4) flips the flip formwork (21) upward, and the plastering of the pouring and molding area of ​​the flip formwork (21) is completed.

2. The inverted arch formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turnover mechanism (4) is a telescopic member, one end of which is hinged on the side template (2) and the other end of which is hinged on the turnover template (21).

3. The inverted arch formwork according to claim 2, characterized in that: A support frame (22) is provided on the side template (2), and the telescopic member is hinged on the support frame (22).

4. The inverted arch formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detachable reinforcement rod (8) is provided between the side template (2) and the flip template (21) or the longitudinal rail (3).

5. The inverted arch formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle template (1) is provided with a guide roller (5) that cooperates with the longitudinal track (3).

6. The inverted arch formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing gasket (9) is provided at the contact point between the middle template (1) and the flip template (21).

7. The inverted arch formwork according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sealing gasket (9) is fixed to the middle template (1) or the flip template (21) by means of bolts.

8. A construction method for an inverted arch formwork according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: fixing the side formwork (2): fixing two side formworks (2) on both sides of the tunnel (6); S2: turning the flip template (21) downward: turning the flip template (21) downward to a position to be poured by means of a turning mechanism (4); S3: Installing the middle template (1): Slidingly installing the middle template (1) on the longitudinal track (3) on the flip template (21); S4: adjusting the position of the middle formwork (1): sliding the middle formwork (1) along the longitudinal track (3) to the position to be poured; S5: pouring and moving the middle formwork (1): concrete is poured below the inverted arch formwork, the middle formwork (1) slides on the longitudinal track (3), the inverted arch (7) below the middle formwork (1) is formed, and the side formwork (2) is formed and poured; S6: Plastering: Slide the middle template (1) outside the casting and molding area to complete the plastering of the casting and molding area of ​​the middle template (1); flip the flip template (21) upwards through the flip mechanism (4) to complete the plastering of the casting and molding area of ​​the flip template (21).

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